CN203057022U - Nanometer friction generator - Google Patents
Nanometer friction generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN203057022U CN203057022U CN 201220748676 CN201220748676U CN203057022U CN 203057022 U CN203057022 U CN 203057022U CN 201220748676 CN201220748676 CN 201220748676 CN 201220748676 U CN201220748676 U CN 201220748676U CN 203057022 U CN203057022 U CN 203057022U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a nanometer friction generator, comprising a first electrode layer, a first high-molecular polymer layer and a friction electrode layer successively arranged in a laminated manner, wherein the first electrode layer and the friction electrode layer are voltage and current output electrodes of the friction generator. A gap is mounted between the first high-molecular polymer layer and the friction electrode layer. Two friction surfaces of the nanometer friction generator provided by the utility model can automatically bounce off under a non-stress condition. Output performance is high.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of triboelectricity machine, especially relates to a kind of nano friction generator.
Background technology
Along with modern life level improves constantly, rhythm of life is constantly accelerated, and convenient, low to environment dependency degree self power generation equipment occurred using.Existing self power generation equipment utilizes the piezoelectric property of material usually.For example 2006, the professor Wang Zhonglin of the georgia ,u.s.a Institute of Technology etc. successfully converted mechanical energy to electric energy in the nanoscale scope, develop minimum generator-nano generator in the world.The basic principle of nano generator is: when nano wire (NWs) during dynamic tensile, generates the piezoelectricity electromotive force in the nano wire under external force, corresponding transient current flows with the balance Fermi level at two ends.
Rub mutually between object and the object, will make a side be with negative electricity, the opposing party becomes positively charged, because fricative electricity cry to rub between object.The friction electricity is one of modal phenomenon of nature, but because very difficult collection utilizes and is left in the basket.If the friction electricity can be applied in the self power generation equipment, bring more facility will certainly for people's life.
The utility model content
The technical problem that the utility model solves is: overcome existing two rubbing surfaces of triboelectricity machine and be in contact or released state always, can not well export the defective of electric energy, a kind of nano friction generator is provided, two rubbing surfaces can automatically spring open under situation about not stressing, the output performance height.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the utility model provides is that a kind of nano friction generator is characterized in that, comprises first electrode layer that is cascading, first high polymer layer, and friction electrode layer; Described first electrode layer and friction electrode layer are the voltage and current output electrode of triboelectricity machine; Wherein, there is the gap between first high polymer layer and the friction electrode layer.
Aforesaid nano friction generator, at least one face in described first high polymer layer and the friction electrode layer opposite face is provided with the micro-nano concaveconvex structure.
Aforesaid nano friction generator, the described first electrode layer material therefor is metal or alloy.
Aforesaid nano friction generator, described friction electrode layer material therefor is selected from metal or alloy.
Aforesaid nano friction generator, described friction electrode layer comprises second high polymer layer and the second electrode lay of stacked setting, described second high polymer layer is arranged on first high polymer layer.
Aforesaid nano friction generator, described the second electrode lay material therefor is metal or alloy.
Aforesaid nano friction generator is provided with pad between described first high polymer layer and the friction electrode layer, and making wins forms the gap between high polymer layer and the friction electrode layer, and the height in described gap is 2-4mm.
Aforesaid nano friction generator, first high polymer layer and first electrode layer are as a whole, to the rightabout formation convex surface that arches upward towards the friction electrode layer, make to form the arch gap between friction electrode layer and first high polymer layer, the maximum height in described arch gap is 2-4mm.
Aforesaid nano friction generator, described friction electrode layer is to the formation convex surface that arches upward of the rightabout towards first high polymer layer, and described first high polymer layer and first electrode layer are as a whole, to the rightabout formation convex surface that arches upward towards the friction electrode layer, make to form the arch gap between friction electrode layer and first high polymer layer, the maximum height in described arch gap is 2-4mm.
Aforesaid nano friction generator, described nano friction generator further comprise the 3rd high polymer layer and the third electrode layer of stacked setting, and wherein the 3rd high polymer layer is arranged on the friction electrode layer; Described the 3rd high polymer layer and third electrode layer are as a whole to the rightabout formation convex surface that arches upward towards the friction electrode layer, make to form the arch gap between friction electrode layer and the 3rd high polymer layer, the maximum height in described arch gap is 2-4mm.
The utility model makes the performance of nano friction generator improve a lot, and it collects the mode triboelectricity machine different from the past of extraneous mechanical movement, so it more is conducive to collect extraneous mechanical energy again when having better power generation performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the generalized section of a kind of embodiment of the utility model nano friction generator.
Fig. 2 arranges the situation schematic diagram for the utility model figure pad.
Fig. 3 arranges the situation schematic diagram for the utility model figure pad.
Fig. 4 arranges the situation schematic diagram for the utility model figure pad.
Fig. 5 arranges the situation schematic diagram for the utility model figure pad.
Fig. 6 is the generalized section of the another kind of embodiment of the utility model nano friction generator.
Fig. 7 is the generalized section of the utility model list arch nano friction generator.
Fig. 8 is the generalized section of the two arch nano friction generators of the utility model.
Fig. 9 is the generalized section of the two arch composite construction nano friction generators of the utility model.
Embodiment
For fully understanding purpose, feature and the effect of the utility model, by following concrete execution mode, the utility model is elaborated.
The utility model is a kind of nano friction generator, when crooked under each course of triboelectricity machine of the present utility model, friction electrode layer in the triboelectricity machine produces electrostatic charge with the phase mutual friction of high polymer layer surface, the generation of electrostatic charge can make the electric capacity between first electrode and the friction electrode layer change, thereby causes electrical potential difference occurring between first electrode and the friction electrode layer.Because the existence of electrical potential difference between first electrode layer and the friction electrode layer, free electron will be by external circuit by the low effluent of electromotive force to the high side of electromotive force, thereby in external circuit, form electric current.When each layer of triboelectricity machine of the present utility model returns to original state, at this moment the built-in potential that is formed between first electrode layer and the friction electrode layer disappears, to again produce reverse electrical potential difference between Balanced first electrode layer and the friction electrode layer this moment, and then free electron forms reverse current by external circuit.By repeated friction and recovery, just can in external circuit, form periodic ac signal.
The utility model is that the nano friction generator forms the gap between friction electrode layer and high polymer layer, two rubbing surfaces can be upspring under situation about not stressing automatically, contact and the separating rate of rubbing surface all are improved, thereby the performance of triboelectricity machine is able to obvious raising.In addition, the utility model nano friction generator is suitable for the face contact triboelectricity, and the nano friction generator always separated owing to rubbing surface or contacted in the past, be only applicable to push the both sides generating, so contact and the separating rate of the rubbing surface of the utility model nano friction generator all are improved.
As shown in Figure 1, the nano friction generator of a kind of embodiment of the utility model comprises first electrode layer, 1, the first high polymer layer 2 that is cascading, and friction electrode layer 3; Described first electrode layer 1 and friction electrode layer 3 are the voltage and current output electrode of triboelectricity machine; Wherein, there is gap 4 between first high polymer layer 2 and the friction electrode layer 3.Friction electrode layer 3 comprises second high polymer layer 31 and the second electrode lay 32 of stacked setting, and described second high polymer layer 31 is arranged on first high polymer layer 2.The height in described gap is 2-4mm.
32 pairs of material therefors of first electrode layer 1 and the second electrode lay do not have particular provisions, can form the material of conductive layer all within protection range of the present utility model, for example be indium tin oxide, Graphene, nano silver wire film, conducting polymer, metal or alloy, wherein metal is gold, silver, platinum, palladium, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, tin, iron, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium; Alloy is aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, beryllium alloy, copper alloy, kirsite, manganese alloy, nickel alloy, lead alloy, ashbury metal, cadmium alloy, bismuth alloy, indium alloy, gallium alloy, tungsten alloy, molybdenum alloy, niobium alloy or tantalum alloy.Preferred first electrode layer 1 of the utility model and the second electrode lay 32 materials are copper or aluminium, and thickness is 0.05-0.2mm.
In the present embodiment, first high polymer layer 2 and second high polymer layer, 31 material therefors are selected from polyimide film, the aniline-formaldehyde resin film, the polyformaldehyde film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, the melamino-formaldehyde film, polyethylene glycol succinate film, cellophane, cellulose acetate film, the polyethylene glycol adipate film, the polydiallyl phthalate film, fiber (regeneration) sponge film, the elastic polyurethane body thin film, the styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film, the styrene-butadiene-copolymer film, the staple fibre film, polymethyl methacrylate film, polyvinyl alcohol film, the polyisobutene film, pet film, polyvinyl butyral film, formaldehyde phenol condensation polymer film, the neoprene film, the butadiene-propylene copolymer film, the natural rubber film, the polyacrylonitrile film, in the acrylonitrile vinyl chloride copolymer film any one.In first high polymer layer 2 and second high polymer layer, 31 opposite faces at least one is provided with micro-nano concaveconvex structure (not shown), the nano concavo-convex structure of preferred height of projection 50nm-300nm.Preferably, the thickness of first high polymer layer 2 and second high polymer layer 31 is 100 μ m-500 μ m
As shown in Figure 1, the part is provided with pad 5 between first high polymer layer 2 and second high polymer layer 31, and making wins forms the gap between high polymer layer 2 and second high polymer layer 31.Preferably, shown in Fig. 2-5, pad is arranged on the periphery of first high polymer layer 2 or second high polymer layer, 31 1 side surfaces, makes to win high polymer layer 2 and second high polymer layer 31 under situation about not stressing, and can automatically spring open.The insulating material of pad 5 material therefors for playing a supporting role, for example conventional commercially available macromolecular materials such as polyimides, polyethylene, polypropylene.
In an embodiment, the nano friction generator comprises the thick aluminium lamination of the first electrode layer 1(0.1mm that is cascading), the thick polyimides of the first high polymer layer 2(200 μ m), the thick polymethyl methacrylate of the second high polymer layer 31(200 μ m) and the thick copper layer of the second electrode lay 32(0.1mm).The periphery that first high polymer layer, 2 relative second high polymer layers are 31 is provided with the pad (PETG) of width 1mm, thickness 3mm, and making wins exists gap 4(height 3mm between high polymer layer 2 and second high polymer layer 31).This triboelectricity machine is at the I-V(current-voltage) measurement in show typical open circuit feature.The stepping motor of life cycle vibration (0.33Hz and 0.13% deformation) makes the crooked of triboelectricity machine generating period and discharges, the maximum output voltage of triboelectricity machine and current signal reached about 100V respectively and 2 μ A about.
As shown in Figure 6, the nano friction generator of the another kind of embodiment of the utility model comprises first electrode layer, 1, the first high polymer layer 2 that is cascading, and friction electrode layer 3; Described first electrode layer 1 and friction electrode layer 3 are the voltage and current output electrode of triboelectricity machine; Wherein, there is gap 4 between first high polymer layer 2 and the friction electrode layer 3.The height in described gap is 2-4mm.
In the present embodiment, first high polymer layer, 2 material therefors are selected from polyimide film, the aniline-formaldehyde resin film, the polyformaldehyde film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, the melamino-formaldehyde film, polyethylene glycol succinate film, cellophane, cellulose acetate film, the polyethylene glycol adipate film, the polydiallyl phthalate film, fiber (regeneration) sponge film, the elastic polyurethane body thin film, the styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film, the styrene-butadiene-copolymer film, the staple fibre film, polymethyl methacrylate film, polyvinyl alcohol film, the polyisobutene film, pet film, polyvinyl butyral film, formaldehyde phenol condensation polymer film, the neoprene film, the butadiene-propylene copolymer film, the natural rubber film, the polyacrylonitrile film, in the acrylonitrile vinyl chloride copolymer film any one.Preferably, the thickness of first high polymer layer 2 and friction electrode layer 3 is 100 μ m-500 μ m.In first high polymer layer 2 and friction electrode layer 3 opposite faces at least one is provided with micro-nano concaveconvex structure (not shown), the concaveconvex structure of preferred height of projection 50nm-300nm on first high polymer layer 2.The concaveconvex structure of preferred height of projection 300nm-1 μ m on the friction electrode layer 3.
As shown in Figure 6, the part is provided with pad 5 between first high polymer layer 2 and the friction electrode layer 3, and making wins forms the gap between high polymer layer 2 and the friction electrode layer 3.Preferably, shown in Fig. 2-5, pad is arranged on the periphery of first high polymer layer 2 or friction electrode layer 3 one side surfaces, makes and wins high polymer layer 2 and rub electrode layer 3 under situation about not stressing, and can automatically spring open.The insulating material of pad 5 material therefors for playing a supporting role, for example conventional commercially available macromolecular materials such as polyimides, polyethylene, polypropylene.
In an embodiment, the nano friction generator comprises the thick aluminium lamination of the first electrode layer 1(0.1mm that is cascading), the thick polyimides of the first high polymer layer 2(200 μ m) and the thick copper layer of friction electrode 3(0.1mm).The periphery that first high polymer layer, 2 relative friction electrodes are 3 is provided with the pad (PETG) of width 1mm, thickness 4mm, and making wins exists gap 4(height 4mm between high polymer layer 2 and the friction electrode 3).The face of first high polymer layer, 2 relative friction electrodes 3 is provided with the concaveconvex structure of height of projection 150nm.This triboelectricity machine is at the I-V(current-voltage) measurement in show typical open circuit feature.The stepping motor of life cycle vibration (0.33Hz and 0.13% deformation) makes the crooked of triboelectricity machine generating period and discharges, the maximum output voltage of triboelectricity machine and current signal reached about 100V respectively and 1-2 μ A about.
As shown in Figure 7, the nano friction generator of single domes comprises first electrode layer, 1, the first high polymer layer 2 that is cascading, and friction electrode layer 3.Formation gap 4 between first high polymer layer 2 and the first electrode layer 1 formation convex surface that outwards arches upward as a whole, friction electrode layer 3 and first high polymer layer 2 can be upspring two rubbing surfaces automatically under situation about not stressing.Except first high polymer layer 2 and first electrode layer 1 form the convex surface as a whole, each layer structure of nano friction generator shown in Figure 7 and Fig. 1 or nano friction generator shown in Figure 6 are identical, so first electrode layer 1, first high polymer layer 2, the suitable selection of friction electrode layer 3 each layers can repeat no more here with reference to above.
In an embodiment, the nano friction generator comprises the thick aluminium lamination of the first electrode layer 1(0.1mm that is cascading), the thick polyimides of the first high polymer layer 2(200 μ m) and the thick copper layer of friction electrode 3(0.1mm).First electrode layer 1 and first high polymer layer 2 are done as a whole, and the electrode 3 that rubs relatively outwards arches upward, and form the gap 4 of maximum height of projection 4mm.The face of first high polymer layer, 2 relative friction electrodes 3 is provided with the concaveconvex structure of height of projection 150nm.This triboelectricity machine is at the I-V(current-voltage) measurement in show typical open circuit feature.The stepping motor of life cycle vibration (0.33Hz and 0.13% deformation) makes the crooked of triboelectricity machine generating period and discharges, and the maximum output voltage of triboelectricity machine and current signal have reached respectively about 400-500V and 6 μ A.
Preferred in the present embodiment, gap 4 maximum heights are 2-4mm, and first high polymer layer 2 and first electrode layer 1 are as a whole than friction electrode layer 3 long 5%.
As shown in Figure 8, the nano friction generator of two domes comprises first electrode layer, 1, the first high polymer layer 2 that is cascading, and friction electrode layer 3.The friction electrode layer 3 formation convex surface that outwards arches upward, and first high polymer layer 2 and the first electrode layer 1 formation convex surface that outwards arches upward as a whole, make to form the gap between friction electrode layer 3 and first high polymer layer 2, two rubbing surfaces can be upspring under situation about not stressing automatically.Each layer structure of nano friction generator shown in Figure 8 and Fig. 1 or nano friction generator shown in Figure 6 are identical, therefore first electrode layer, 1, the first high polymer layer 2, and the suitable selection of friction electrode layer 3 each layers can repeat no more here with reference to above.
In an embodiment, the nano friction generator comprises the thick aluminium lamination of the first electrode layer 1(0.1mm that is cascading), the thick polyimides of the first high polymer layer 2(200 μ m) and the thick copper layer of friction electrode 3(0.1mm).First electrode layer 1 and first high polymer layer 2 are done as a wholely outwards to arch upward, and the electrode 3 that rubs simultaneously also outwards arches upward, and forms the gap 4 of maximum height of projection 4mm.The face of first high polymer layer, 2 relative friction electrodes 3 is provided with the concaveconvex structure of height of projection 150nm.This triboelectricity machine is at the I-V(current-voltage) measurement in show typical open circuit feature.The stepping motor of life cycle vibration (0.33Hz and 0.13% deformation) makes the crooked of triboelectricity machine generating period and discharges, and the maximum output voltage of triboelectricity machine and current signal have reached 500V and 6-8 μ A respectively.
As shown in Figure 9, the nano friction generator of two arch composite constructions comprises first electrode layer, 1, the first high polymer layer 2 that is cascading, friction electrode layer 3, the three high polymer layers 6 and third electrode layer 7.First high polymer layer 2 and first electrode layer 1 are as a whole, outwards (to towards the friction electrode layer rightabout) the formation convex surface arches upward, make to form the arch gap between friction electrode layer and first high polymer layer, the maximum height in described arch gap is 2-4mm.The formation convex surface arches upward for the 3rd high polymer layer 6 and third electrode layer 7 outside as a whole (to the rightabout towards the friction electrode layer), make to form the arch gap between friction electrode layer and the 3rd high polymer layer, the maximum height in described arch gap is 2-4mm
7 pairs of material therefor of first electrode layer 1 and third electrode layer do not have particular provisions, can form the material of conductive layer all within protection range of the present utility model, for example be indium tin oxide, Graphene, nano silver wire film, conducting polymer, metal or alloy, wherein metal is gold, silver, platinum, palladium, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, tin, iron, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium; Alloy is aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, beryllium alloy, copper alloy, kirsite, manganese alloy, nickel alloy, lead alloy, ashbury metal, cadmium alloy, bismuth alloy, indium alloy, gallium alloy, tungsten alloy, molybdenum alloy, niobium alloy or tantalum alloy.Preferred first electrode layer 1 of the utility model and third electrode layer 7 material are copper or aluminium, and thickness is 0.05-0.2mm.
First high polymer layer 2 and the 3rd high polymer layer 6 material therefors are selected from polyimide film, the aniline-formaldehyde resin film, the polyformaldehyde film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, the melamino-formaldehyde film, polyethylene glycol succinate film, cellophane, cellulose acetate film, the polyethylene glycol adipate film, the polydiallyl phthalate film, fiber (regeneration) sponge film, the elastic polyurethane body thin film, the styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film, the styrene-butadiene-copolymer film, the staple fibre film, polymethyl methacrylate film, polyvinyl alcohol film, the polyisobutene film, pet film, polyvinyl butyral film, formaldehyde phenol condensation polymer film, the neoprene film, the butadiene-propylene copolymer film, the natural rubber film, the polyacrylonitrile film, in the acrylonitrile vinyl chloride copolymer film any one.Preferably be provided with micro-nano concaveconvex structure (not shown) on first high polymer layer 2 and the 3rd high polymer layer 6, the nano concavo-convex structure of preferred height of projection 50nm-300nm.Preferably, the thickness of first high polymer layer 2 and the 3rd high polymer layer 6 is 100 μ m-500 μ m
3 pairs of material therefors of friction electrode layer do not have particular provisions, preferable alloy or alloy, and wherein metal is gold, silver, platinum, palladium, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, tin, iron, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium; Alloy is aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, beryllium alloy, copper alloy, kirsite, manganese alloy, nickel alloy, lead alloy, ashbury metal, cadmium alloy, bismuth alloy, indium alloy, gallium alloy, tungsten alloy, molybdenum alloy, niobium alloy or tantalum alloy.The utility model electrode layer 3 materials that preferably rub are copper or aluminium, and thickness is 0.05-0.2mm.Preferably be provided with the concaveconvex structure of height of projection 300nm-1 μ m on the friction electrode layer 3.
There are certain proportionate relationship in the area of arch and output current and voltage in the present embodiment.
The preparation method of domes nano friction generator is: first electrode layer 1 is set on first high polymer layer 2, forms the duplexer of the first electrode layer 1-, first high polymer layer 2; Friction electrode layer 3 is placed on first high polymer layer 2 of duplexer, and described duplexer and an end of friction electrode layer 3 are fixed, for example adopt the method for rubberized fabric adhere or heat-sealing that duplexer and an end of friction electrode layer 3 are fixed; To rub electrode layer 3 and/or duplexer arches upward, and then duplexer and the opposite end of the stiff end of friction electrode layer 3 fixed, and obtains the nano friction generator of single arch or two arches.In addition, the preparation method of the nano friction generator of two arch composite constructions fixes third electrode layer 7 three high polymer layer 6 duplexers simultaneously with an end of friction electrode layer 3, duplexer with this duplexer and the first electrode layer 1-, first high polymer layer 2 arches upward then, and keep friction electrode layer 3 flat states, namely obtain the nano friction generator of two arch composite constructions.
Such scheme comprises first-selected embodiment and when putting on record during the optimal mode of this utility model known for inventor, above-described embodiment only as an illustration the property example provide.To many alienation of the specific embodiment of exposure in this explanation, do not depart from the spirit and scope of this utility model, will be to differentiate easily.Therefore, the scope of this utility model will be determined by appended claim, and the special embodiment that describes above being not limited to.
Claims (10)
1. a nano friction generator is characterized in that, comprises first electrode layer that is cascading, first high polymer layer, and friction electrode layer; Described first electrode layer and friction electrode layer are the voltage and current output electrode of triboelectricity machine; Wherein, there is the gap between first high polymer layer and the friction electrode layer.
2. nano friction generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, at least one face in described first high polymer layer and the friction electrode layer opposite face is provided with the micro-nano concaveconvex structure.
3. nano friction generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described first electrode layer material therefor is metal or alloy.
4. nano friction generator according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described friction electrode layer material therefor is selected from metal or alloy.
5. nano friction generator according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described friction electrode layer comprises second high polymer layer and the second electrode lay of stacked setting, and described second high polymer layer is arranged on first high polymer layer.
6. nano friction generator according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described the second electrode lay material therefor is metal or alloy.
7. nano friction generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be provided with pad between described first high polymer layer and the friction electrode layer, making wins forms the gap between high polymer layer and the friction electrode layer, and the height in described gap is 2-4mm.
8. nano friction generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, first high polymer layer and first electrode layer are as a whole, to the rightabout formation convex surface that arches upward towards the friction electrode layer, make to form the arch gap between friction electrode layer and first high polymer layer, the maximum height in described arch gap is 2-4mm.
9. nano friction generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described friction electrode layer is to the formation convex surface that arches upward of the rightabout towards first high polymer layer, and described first high polymer layer and first electrode layer are as a whole, to the rightabout formation convex surface that arches upward towards the friction electrode layer, make to form the arch gap between friction electrode layer and first high polymer layer, the maximum height in described arch gap is 2-4mm.
10. nano friction generator according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described nano friction generator further comprises the 3rd high polymer layer and the third electrode layer of stacked setting, and wherein the 3rd high polymer layer is arranged on the friction electrode layer; Described the 3rd high polymer layer and third electrode layer are as a whole to the rightabout formation convex surface that arches upward towards the friction electrode layer, make to form the arch gap between friction electrode layer and the 3rd high polymer layer, the maximum height in described arch gap is 2-4mm.
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