CN105991060B - A kind of friction generator for collecting fluid flow energy - Google Patents
A kind of friction generator for collecting fluid flow energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN105991060B CN105991060B CN201510071258.5A CN201510071258A CN105991060B CN 105991060 B CN105991060 B CN 105991060B CN 201510071258 A CN201510071258 A CN 201510071258A CN 105991060 B CN105991060 B CN 105991060B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of generators, disclose a kind of friction generator for collecting fluid flow energy, the friction generator includes: the first triboelectricity unit (1)；Second triboelectricity unit (2), corresponding first triboelectricity unit (1) setting, for elastic vibration to occur when fluid flows through, and it contacts or separates with the first triboelectricity unit (1) in vibration processes, it is poor that friction potential is generated and during being contacting and separating, between the second triboelectricity unit (2) and the first triboelectricity unit (1)；And fixed cell (3), for the both ends of the second triboelectricity unit (2) to be fixed on the first triboelectricity unit (1), make the second triboelectricity unit (2) that there is between the first triboelectricity unit (1) setting gap when static.The friction generator that the present invention collects fluid flow energy can provide high frequency electrical signal output.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of generators, and in particular, to a kind of friction generator for collecting fluid flow energy.
Background technique
In recent years, the further investigation of the friction generator based on triboelectrification and electrostatic induction is collecting fluid flowing such as
Greater advance is also obtained in terms of the friction generator of wind energy.But current application is concentrated mainly on low frequency phase, generator it is defeated
Signal is generally lower than 2000Hz out.The friction generator of these low frequencies is high in the prevalence of output voltage, output electric current is low
Feature needs design management circuit to carry out pressure swing reforming, will inevitably lose many energy in the conversion process.Therefore such as
What directly obtains the problem of electric signal of high frequency is urgent need to resolve in friction generator design.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of friction generator for collecting fluid flow energy, which be can be improved
Export the frequency of electric signal.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides a kind of friction generator for collecting fluid flow energy, the friction
Generator includes: the first triboelectricity unit；Second triboelectricity unit, the corresponding first triboelectricity unit setting, is used
In elastic vibration occurs when fluid flows through, and contacts or separate with the first triboelectricity unit in vibration processes, and
It is poor that friction potential is generated during being contacting and separating, between the second triboelectricity unit and the first triboelectricity unit；
And fixed cell makes for the both ends of the second triboelectricity unit to be fixed on the first triboelectricity unit
The second triboelectricity unit has a setting gap when static between the first triboelectricity unit.
Preferably, the setting gap is 0.1mm-0.5mm.
Preferably, the first triboelectricity unit includes: frictional layer, for contacting with the second triboelectricity unit
When, generate triboelectric charge；And conductive layer, it is set to the surface of the frictional layer, for conducting the charge on the frictional layer.
Preferably, the first triboelectricity unit further include: the surface of the conductive layer is arranged in supporting layer.
Preferably, the second triboelectricity unit includes: friction conductive layer, for contacting with the frictional layer, is generated
Triboelectric charge, and potential difference is formed between the conductive layer.
Preferably, the thickness of the friction conductive layer and/or conductive layer is greater than 20nm, is less than 1mm.
Preferably, there is friction electrode sequence difference between the frictional layer and the material for the conductive layer that rubs.
Preferably, the frictional layer and/or friction conductive layer have micro nano structure layer.
Preferably, the second triboelectricity unit further include: the surface of the friction conductive layer is arranged in separation layer,
For when elastic vibration occurs, driving the friction conductive layer vibration.
Preferably, the thickness of the separation layer and/or frictional layer is greater than 20nm, is less than 1mm.
Preferably, the material of the separation layer is insulating materials.
Preferably, the separation layer is elastic material, and the elasticity modulus of the elastic material is 0.5GPa to 10GPa.
Preferably, the frictional layer is selected from one of llowing group of materials or several: tetrafluoroethene, gathers Kynoar
Acid imide, polyvinyl chloride, dimethyl silicone polymer, polystyrene, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinylidene chloride, gathers polyamide
Chlorine ether, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyisobutene, polyvinyl butyral, polyacrylonitrile, poly bis phenol carbonic acid
Ester, poly- diphenyl propane carbonic ester, poly terephthalic acid diethyl alcohol ester, polybutylene terephthalate, poly- naphthalenedicarboxylic acid second two
Alcohol ester, polytrifluorochloroethylene, paraxylene ring two-body, ethylene-vinyl acetate co-polymer, perfluor (ethylene-propylene) copolymerization
Object, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer, vinyl chloride-acetate ethylene copolymer；The conductive layer and/or friction
The material of conductive layer is metal.
Preferably, the quantity of the first triboelectricity unit is two, and the second triboelectricity unit is set to two
Between a first triboelectricity unit；And the quantity of the friction conductive layer in the second triboelectricity unit is two
It is a, the frictional layer setting of corresponding one of each friction conductive layer.
Preferably, the length of the second triboelectricity unit is 10mm-20mm, width 2mm-4mm.
The present invention collects the friction generator of fluid flow energy by the setting of fixed cell, by the second triboelectricity list
Member both ends be fixed on the first triboelectricity unit, the second triboelectricity unit when static with the first triboelectricity list
There is a setting gap, in vibration processes, the second triboelectricity unit can be with first triboelectricity between member
Unit contact or separation, so that potential difference is formed between the first triboelectricity unit and the second triboelectricity unit, meanwhile,
With the vibration of the second triboelectricity unit, high frequency electrical signal output can get.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will the following detailed description will be given in the detailed implementation section.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings are intended to provide a further understanding of the invention, and constitutes part of specification, with following tool
Body embodiment is used to explain the present invention together, but is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram for the friction generator that the present invention collects fluid flow energy；
Fig. 2 a- Fig. 2 b is the waveform diagram of the electric signal for the friction generator output that the present invention collects fluid flow energy；
Fig. 3 is the voltage and power density waveform diagram for the friction generator output that the present invention collects fluid flow energy.
Description of symbols
1 first triboelectricity unit, 11 supporting layer
12 conductive layer, 13 frictional layer
2 second triboelectricity unit, 21 separation layer
22 friction 3 fixed cells of conductive layer.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, detailed description of the preferred embodiments.It should be understood that this place is retouched
The specific embodiment stated is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not intended to restrict the invention.
In the present invention, in the absence of explanation to the contrary, direction term mentioned in the present invention, such as "upper",
"lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right" etc. are only the directions with reference to attached drawing.Therefore, the direction term used is for illustrating simultaneously
It is non-to be used to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the friction generator that the present invention collects fluid flow energy includes: the first triboelectricity unit 1；The
Two triboelectricity units 2, the corresponding first triboelectricity unit 1 is arranged, for elastic vibration to occur when fluid flows through, and
It contacts or separates with the first triboelectricity unit 1 in vibration processes, and during being contacting and separating, described second rubs
It is poor to wipe generation friction potential between generator unit 2 and the first triboelectricity unit 1；And fixed cell 3, it is used for described second
The both ends of triboelectricity unit 2 are fixed on the first triboelectricity unit 1, make the second triboelectricity unit 2 quiet
There is between the first triboelectricity unit 1 setting gap when only.Wherein, the setting gap is 0.1mm-0.5mm.
The present invention collects the friction generator of fluid flow energy by the setting of fixed cell, by the second triboelectricity list
Member both ends be fixed on the first triboelectricity unit, the second triboelectricity unit when static with the first triboelectricity list
There is a setting gap, in vibration processes, the second triboelectricity unit can be with first triboelectricity between member
Unit contact or separation, so that the potential difference between the first triboelectricity unit and the second triboelectricity unit enhances, are obtained
The electric signal of high voltage low current is obtained, while the output frequency of electric signal can be improved.
The friction generator that the present invention collects fluid flow energy can be used for collecting the machine generated by fluid such as gas flowing
Tool energy, such as wind energy, but be not limited thereto.
As shown in Figure 1, the friction generator that the present invention collects fluid flow energy is also connected with ammeter.Although institute in figure
Show to be ammeter, however, those skilled in the art should understand that, corresponding detection device can also be replaced with according to actual needs
Or load, such as the voltmeter etc. of detection voltage.
As shown in Figure 1, the first triboelectricity unit 1 includes frictional layer 13, it is used for and the second triboelectricity list
Member contact, generates triboelectric charge；And conductive layer 12, it is set to the surface of the frictional layer 13, for conducting the frictional layer
Charge on 13.
Wherein, the frictional layer 13 can be insulating materials, preferably organic polymer thin-film material.Preferably, described to have
Machine high molecular film material can be selected from one of llowing group of materials or several: tetrafluoroethene, Kynoar, polyimides,
Polyamide, dimethyl silicone polymer, polystyrene, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinylidene chloride, polyether, gathers polyvinyl chloride
Methyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyisobutene, polyvinyl butyral, polyacrylonitrile, poly bis phenol carbonate, poly- two
Phenyl-propane carbonic ester, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, gathers poly terephthalic acid diethyl alcohol ester
Chlorotrifluoroethylene, paraxylene ring two-body, ethylene-vinyl acetate co-polymer, perfluor (ethylene-propylene) copolymer, propylene
Nitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer, vinyl chloride-acetate ethylene copolymer.Wherein, the thickness of the frictional layer 13 is greater than
20 μm, less than 0.5 ㎜；The thickness of the conductive layer 12 is greater than 20nm, is less than 1mm.
As shown in Figure 1, the first triboelectricity unit 1 further includes supporting layer 11, the table of the conductive layer 12 is set
Face provides support for the conductive layer 12 and frictional layer 13.
The second triboelectricity unit 2 includes: friction conductive layer 22, and for contacting with the frictional layer 12, generation rubs
Charge is wiped, and forms potential difference between the conductive layer 12.The thickness of the friction conductive layer 22 is greater than 20nm, is less than 1mm.
There is friction electrode sequence difference between the frictional layer 13 and the material for the conductive layer 22 that rubs, so that the frictional layer
13 with friction conductive layer 22 when contacting, and generates that polarity is opposite and the identical charge of electricity.
To increase contact area, enhance the intensity of potential difference, the frictional layer 13 and/or friction 22 surface of conductive layer have
Micro nano structure layer.The micro nano structure layer can for nano wire, nanotube, nano particle, nanometer channel, micron trenches,
The array that nanocone, micron cone, nanosphere and micron chondritic or above-mentioned micro-structure are formed.
Wherein, the material of the conductive layer 12 and/or the conductive layer 22 that rubs can be selected from metal.Preferably, the metal can
For copper, aluminium, gold, silver, platinum, nickel.In addition, the conductive layer 12 and/or friction conductive layer 22 can pass through magnetron sputtering, electron beam
Evaporation or printing technology make.
As shown in Figure 1, the second triboelectricity unit 2 further include: separation layer 21 is arranged in the friction conductive layer 22
Surface drive the vibration of friction conductive layer 22 for when elastic vibration occurs.The separation layer 21 is elastic material,
And the elasticity modulus of the elastic material can be 0.5GPa to 10GPa.Wherein, the friction conductive layer 22 is completely covered described
The surface of separation layer 21, to increase contact area.The material of the separation layer 21 is insulating materials.Preferably, the insulation material
Material can be organic polymer thin-film material, and the organic polymer thin-film material can be selected from tetrafluoroethene, Kynoar, polyamides
Imines, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, dimethyl silicone polymer, polystyrene, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinylidene chloride, polychlorostyrene
Ether, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyisobutene, polyvinyl butyral, polyacrylonitrile, poly bis phenol carbonate,
Poly- diphenyl propane carbonic ester, poly terephthalic acid diethyl alcohol ester, polybutylene terephthalate, poly- naphthalenedicarboxylic acid ethylene glycol
Ester, polytrifluorochloroethylene, paraxylene ring two-body, ethylene-vinyl acetate co-polymer, perfluor (ethylene-propylene) copolymer,
Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer, vinyl chloride-acetate ethylene copolymer.In addition, 21 thickness of separation layer is big
In 20 μm, less than 0.5 ㎜.And the length of the second triboelectricity unit 2 is 10mm-20mm, width 2mm-4mm.
Wherein, the fixed cell 3 is set between the first triboelectricity unit 1 and the second triboelectricity unit 2, is used for
The both ends of the fixed second triboelectricity unit 2, to support the second triboelectricity unit 2.Wherein, described second is supported
The height of the fixed cell 3 at 2 both ends of triboelectricity unit can be equal, can also be unequal, may generally be 0.1mm-0.5mm,
The signal frequency exported at this time is higher, is 10000Hz.
For example, when distinguished and admirable with some strength is through the second triboelectricity unit 2, the second triboelectricity list
Elastic deformation occurs for member 2, and the second triboelectricity unit 2 be in contact-is separated with the first triboelectricity unit 1, institute
The heterocharge for generating equivalent between frictional layer 13 and the conductive layer 22 that rubs is stated, and then in conductive layer 12 and is rubbed on conductive layer 22
Potential difference is formed, electric signal can be exported by external circuits.Wherein, wind speed intensity is generally 0.3MPa-10MPa.When wind speed is strong
Degree is 0.3MPa, and the length of the second triboelectricity unit 2 is 10mm, width 2mm, when setting gap is 0.3mm, is externally exported
Voltage close to 8v (as shown in Figure 2 a), electric current can reach 30 μ A (as shown in Figure 2 b), and signal frequency is 10000Hz.
In this example, the quantity of the first triboelectricity unit 1 is two, and the second triboelectricity unit 2 is set
It is placed between two the first triboelectricity units 1；And the number of the friction conductive layer 22 in the second triboelectricity unit 2
Amount is two, then the corresponding frictional layer 13 of each friction conductive layer 22 is arranged.The separation layer 21 is set to two
Between a friction conductive layer 22, for preventing interfering with each other for two friction conductive layers 22, to form bipolar electrode
Generator.
In vibration processes, the second triboelectricity unit can upward or downward respectively with the first triboelectricity list
Member contact or separation, to can produce two groups of non-interfering potential difference signals.The telecommunications of output can be superimposed by external circuits
Number, to improve the intensity of the electric signal of output.It is illustrated in figure 3 the friction generator connection that the present invention collects fluid flow energy
Output signal when one external circuits, wherein (wherein, "○" indicates the power density under specific electrical resistance according to Fig. 3；"□"
Indicate the voltage under specific electrical resistance) shown in: it is 10 in the resistance of external circuits5When Ω, power density is maximum, and output voltage
It is gradually steady, then it can show that the internal resistance of the friction generator is 105Ω, internal resistance is relatively small, can reduce energy loss, improves
The transformation efficiency of energy.
Below with specific embodiment be discussed in detail the present invention collect fluid flow energy friction generator preparation and
The course of work.
The acrylic board of 2mm thickness is cut, the plate that length is 30mm is obtained, chooses away from 10mm at left and right edges, width is
10mm, the position that intermediate length is 10mm are the part of the second triboelectricity unitary elasticity vibration, the 10mm long of left and right ends
It spends position and places fixed cell, the size of fixed cell is respectively 10mm × 10mm, thickness 0.3mm, wherein four used
The thickness of fixed cell is all the same.Frictional layer in first triboelectricity unit uses dimethyl silicone polymer, micro- with a thickness of 200
Rice is conductive layer, with a thickness of 150 nanometers in a surface magnetic control sputtering aluminium of polyxylene siloxanes.Second triboelectricity list
Separation layer in member uses 50 microns of Kapton, is all made of the mode system of magnetron sputtering in the upper and lower surface of separation layer
Standby friction conductive layer, friction conductive layer is also aluminium, with a thickness of 200 nanometers.When compressed air intensity is 0.4MPa and with 10m/s's
Rate pass through the second friction element when, the second triboelectricity unit occur elastic deformation, friction conductive layer vibrate up and down respectively with
Frictional layer be in contact-separates, and then externally exports the electric signal of 10kHz.
When compressed air intensity is 0.45MPa and passes through the second friction element with the rate of 10m/s, the second friction element
In generation flutter, the first friction element of the second friction element and the first triboelectricity unit upper and lower surface is in contact separation,
And then externally export the electric signal of 18kHz.
Fluid can be flowed the partial vibration mechanical energy generated by the friction generator that the present invention collects fluid flow energy to be had
Effect is changed into electric energy, and structure is simple, small in size and have changeability, and easy to make, cost is relatively low.Furthermore existing wind-force is compared
Friction generator, the friction generator that the present invention collects fluid flow energy realize the output of high-frequency signal, can directly obtain
To higher output electric current and relatively low output voltage, the use of complex management circuit is avoided.
It is described the prefered embodiments of the present invention in detail above in conjunction with attached drawing, still, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned realities
The detail in mode is applied, within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of letters can be carried out to technical solution of the present invention
Monotropic type, these simple variants all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
It is further to note that specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, in not lance
In the case where shield, can be combined in any appropriate way, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention to it is various can
No further explanation will be given for the combination of energy.
In addition, various embodiments of the present invention can be combined randomly, as long as it is without prejudice to originally
The thought of invention, it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. a kind of friction generator for collecting fluid flow energy, which is characterized in that the friction generator includes:
First triboelectricity unit (1)；
Second triboelectricity unit (2), corresponding first triboelectricity unit (1) setting, for when fluid flows through
Elastic vibration, and contact or separate with the first triboelectricity unit (1) in vibration processes, and in the process being contacting and separating
In, it is poor that friction potential is generated between the second triboelectricity unit (2) and the first triboelectricity unit (1)；And
Fixed cell (3), for the both ends of the second triboelectricity unit (2) to be fixed on the first triboelectricity unit
(1) on, between making the second triboelectricity unit (2) that there is between the first triboelectricity unit (1) setting when static
Gap,
Wherein, the second triboelectricity unit (2) includes separation layer (21), for driving described when elastic vibration occurs
The vibration of two triboelectricity units (2).
2. the friction generator according to claim 1 for collecting fluid flow energy, which is characterized in that the setting gap
For 0.1mm-0.5mm.
3. the friction generator according to claim 1 or 2 for collecting fluid flow energy, which is characterized in that described first
Triboelectricity unit (1) includes:
Frictional layer (13) when for contacting with the second triboelectricity unit (2), generates triboelectric charge；And
Conductive layer (12), is set to the surface of the frictional layer (13), for conducting the charge on the frictional layer (13).
4. the friction generator according to claim 3 for collecting fluid flow energy, which is characterized in that first friction
Generator unit (1) further include:
Supporting layer (11) is arranged on the surface of the conductive layer (12).
5. the friction generator according to claim 3 for collecting fluid flow energy, which is characterized in that second friction
Generator unit (2) includes:
Rub conductive layer (22), for contact with the frictional layer (13), generation triboelectric charge, and with the conductive layer (12) it
Between form potential difference.
6. the friction generator according to claim 5 for collecting fluid flow energy, which is characterized in that the friction is conductive
The thickness of layer (22) and/or conductive layer (12) is greater than 20nm, is less than 1mm.
7. the friction generator according to claim 5 for collecting fluid flow energy, which is characterized in that the frictional layer
(13) there is friction electrode sequence difference between the material of friction conductive layer (22).
8. the friction generator of the collection fluid flow energy according to any one of claim 5-7, which is characterized in that institute
Stating frictional layer (13) and/or friction conductive layer (22) surface has micro nano structure layer.
9. the friction generator according to claim 5 for collecting fluid flow energy, which is characterized in that the separation layer
(21) it is arranged on the surface of friction conductive layer (22), for driving the friction conductive layer when elastic vibration occurs
(22) it vibrates.
10. the friction generator according to claim 9 for collecting fluid flow energy, which is characterized in that the separation layer
(21) and/or the thickness of frictional layer (13) is greater than 20nm, is less than 1mm.
11. the friction generator according to claim 9 for collecting fluid flow energy, which is characterized in that the separation layer
(21) material is insulating materials.
12. the friction generator according to claim 9 for collecting fluid flow energy, which is characterized in that the separation layer
It (21) is elastic material, and the elasticity modulus of the elastic material is 0.5GPa to 10GPa.
13. the friction generator according to claim 5 for collecting fluid flow energy, which is characterized in that the frictional layer
(13) it is selected from one of llowing group of materials or several: tetrafluoroethene, Kynoar, polyimides, polyamide, polychlorostyrene second
Alkene, dimethyl silicone polymer, polystyrene, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinylidene chloride, polyether, poly-methyl methacrylate
Ester, polyvinyl alcohol, polyisobutene, polyvinyl butyral, polyacrylonitrile, poly bis phenol carbonate, poly- diphenyl propane carbonic acid
It is ester, poly terephthalic acid diethyl alcohol ester, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polytrifluorochloroethylene, right
Diformazan phenyl ring two-body, ethylene-vinyl acetate co-polymer, perfluor (ethylene-propylene) copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-benzene second
Alkene terpolymer, vinyl chloride-acetate ethylene copolymer；
The material of the conductive layer (12) and/or friction conductive layer (22) is metal.
14. the friction generator of the collection fluid flow energy according to any one of claim 5-7, which is characterized in that
The quantity of the first triboelectricity unit (1) is two, and the second triboelectricity unit (2) is set to two described first
Between triboelectricity unit (1)；And the quantity of the friction conductive layer (22) in the second triboelectricity unit (2) is two
It is a, frictional layer (13) setting of corresponding one of each friction conductive layer (22).
15. the friction generator according to claim 14 for collecting fluid flow energy, which is characterized in that described second rubs
The length for wiping generator unit (2) is 10mm-20mm, width 2mm-4mm.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111174945B (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2022-07-05 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Pressure sensor based on friction nano generator |
| CN110729916B (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2021-06-08 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Friction nano generator, self-driven strain sensor and application thereof |
| CN113078841A (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2021-07-06 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Wireless friction nano power generation device and method and sensor |
| CN113791124A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-12-14 | 中国石油大学(华东) | NO driven by wind power friction nano generator2Gas monitoring system and preparation method and application thereof |
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| EP1123578B1 (en) * | 1998-10-22 | 2002-08-28 | Alexander Luchinskiy | Method for producing electrical energy |
| CN103780128A (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2014-05-07 | 国家纳米科学中心 | Wind power friction nanometer generator |
| CN104124887A (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2014-10-29 | 纳米新能源（唐山）有限责任公司 | Wind power generator |
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