CN103772034A - Modifying agent of acidity and cadmium-contaminated soil for planting tobaccos - Google Patents
Modifying agent of acidity and cadmium-contaminated soil for planting tobaccos Download PDFInfo
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- CN103772034A CN103772034A CN201410024916.0A CN201410024916A CN103772034A CN 103772034 A CN103772034 A CN 103772034A CN 201410024916 A CN201410024916 A CN 201410024916A CN 103772034 A CN103772034 A CN 103772034A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a modifying agent of acidity and cadmium-contaminated soil for planting tobaccos. The modifying agent is characterized in that sepiolite powder and tobacco stem bio-organic fertilizer are mixed according to a mass ratio being 1: (8-10) and are fully stirred, so that the mixture is uniform; the application amount of the modifying agent is 70kg-100kg/mu; and during ridging in tobacco fields, the modifying agent of the acidity and cadmium-contaminated soil for planting the tobaccos serves as base fertilizer to be applied or serves as additional fertilizer to be applied along with potassic fertilizer. The modifying agent has the beneficial effect that the modifying agent of the soil for planting the tobaccos, which is suitable for improvement and prevention of the acidity soil for planting the tobaccos and management of the heavy metal cadmium-contaminated soil, is obtained by organically combining the alkalinity, adsorbability, water-retaining property and other performances of sepiolite and performances of the tobacco stem bio-organic fertilizer such as soil hardening improvement, rhizospheric microorganism community increasing and soil nutrient improvement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the modifying agent of a kind of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco.
Background technology
Soil is the basis of plant growth, and good soil quality is the prerequisite of producing sound tobacco.Soil acidification, the conversion of the activity of Soil Microorganism, organic synthetic and decomposition, nutritive element and release, micro-validity and the ability of Soil conservation nutrient etc. be can obviously affect, thereby the raising of soil production performance and growing of tobacco had influence on.Nutrient nearly all in soil is fixed, activation etc. is all relevant with soil pH value, and tobacco-growing soil peracid is unfavorable for the growth of cigarette strain root system and the absorption of nutrient on the one hand, affects the validity of soil nutrient simultaneously.Sound tobacco production requirement soil pH is 5.5-6.5, shows according to balance fertilizing project team overall survey of soil result, has 2.4% soil pH lower than 4.5, in strongly-acid state in Chinese Major Tobacco Soils; Having 18.6% soil pH is 4.5-5.5, belongs to acid soil.These acidified soil major parts are distributed in Main Tobacco-growing Regions In South, are unfavorable for the formation of tobacco leaf growth and fine quality.
In recent years, due to a large amount of exploitation of Mineral resources, industrial production develops rapidly and being widely used of sewage irrigation, chemical products, and causes heavy metal more and more serious to the pollution of soil.Flue-cured tobacco is a kind of to suck the special economic crop as main purpose, and in the time containing excessive heavy metal in tobacco leaf, in aspiration procedure, heavy metal will enter human body by main flume, and human body is caused to potential hazard.In cigarette Cd except a small amount of from essence and flavoring agent, tackiness agent and cigarette tissue in processing, mainly from soil.Therefore, reduce Cd content in tobacco-growing soil and seem very urgent.
Sepiolite is a kind of silicate of fibrous porous rich magnesium, is that a kind of dispersing property and absorption property are all strong, has interlamination region ion-exchange and anti-fertilizer caking function, contains again the mineral clay of the required nutrient of crop, and molecular formula is H
6mg
8si
12o
30(OH)
106H
2o.Sepiolite has satin luster, is sometimes wax-like gloss, 2～2.5 grades of Mohs' hardness, density 1～2.2g/cm
3, shrinking percentage is low, and plasticity-is good, is dissolved in hydrochloric acid.This special structure, has vital role at aspects such as improving tobacco leaf security, drought resisting, volume increase.
Cultivated area and the output of China tobacco all occupy first place in the world, more than 450 ten thousand tons of tobacco leaf annual production, corresponding more than 450 ten thousand tons of the output tobacco rods (1:1) of wanting.Tobacco rod is not suitable for burning, is also difficult for rotting to field and makes fertilizer, and a large amount of tobacco rods are dropped or incinerate, serious resource waste and pollution atmospheric environment.Result of study shows, in vega, use tabacco straw biological organic fertilizer and can reduce the soil weight, increase soil Gas permeability, increase soil natural water content and field capacity, and along with the increase of tabacco straw biological organic fertilizer amount of application, tobacco-growing soil beneficial bacteria quantity increases gradually.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the modifying agent of a kind of acidity easy to use and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the modifying agent of a kind of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco, it is characterized in that sepiolite powder and tobacco rod biological organic fertilizer to mix according to the ratio of mass ratio 1:8-10, and fully stir and make it even;
The modifying agent amount of application of described acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is 70kg-100kg/ mu; In the time of vega ridging, the modifying agent of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is applied or applied as topdressing with potash fertilizer as base manure.
The modifying agent of a kind of acidity of the present invention and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco, is characterized in that sepiolite powder and tobacco rod biological organic fertilizer to mix according to the ratio of mass ratio 1:9, fully stirs and makes it even;
The modifying agent amount of application of described acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is 80kg-100kg/ mu; In the time of vega ridging, the modifying agent of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is applied or applied as topdressing with potash fertilizer as base manure.
The modifying agent of a kind of acidity of the present invention and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco, is characterized in that sepiolite powder and tobacco rod biological organic fertilizer to mix according to the ratio of mass ratio 1:10, fully stirs and makes it even;
The modifying agent amount of application of described acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is 90kg/ mu; In the time of vega ridging, the modifying agent of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is applied or applied as topdressing with potash fertilizer as base manure.
The present invention selects sepiolite to be because it is a kind of clay mineral with interlayer or ion-exchange performance, strong absorption property, strong dispersing property and agglomeration resistance, and its molecular formula is generally H
6mg
8si
12o
30(OH)
106H
2o, there is a kind of clay mineral that contains the required nutrient of crop simultaneously, it is used that the numerous characteristics of sepiolite can be leaf tobacco production: the one, and the constructional feature of himself makes it have alkalescence and contains the required mineral nutrient element of plant, can regulate soil pH value and promote cigarette strain to grow; The 2nd, because its mineral structure determines that its porosity is very high, the surface-area of hole reaches 800-900m
2/ g, therefore its adsorptivity is strong, shelter has first of mineral, the heavy metal ion that it can adsorb passivation soil available is especially obvious to the stronger Cd ion passivation of tobacco inrichment; The 3rd, the moisture of its absorption can reach the 200-250% of own wt, and available nutrient in can fixing soil, makes fast potassium become " slow potassium ", and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen becomes " slow state nitrogen ", and they need rule to discharge by plant under certain condition again; The 4th, because it adsorbs other material and had both made soaking under state, also there is the mechanics resistance of not disintegration, therefore it disperses the dispersion agent luming for preventing chemical fertilizer, the agricultural chemicals moisture absorption, make it to keep dispersion state for a long time and do not lose its effect;
The modifying agent tobacco rod biological organic fertilizer used of a kind of acidity of the present invention and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is, the registration card number that Exi Cigarette Materials Factory of Hubei Province produces is the tobacco rod biological organic fertilizer that E Nongfei (2012) faces No. 0042, word, trade(brand)name: " Qing Jiangyuan " tobacco rod fertilizer.
The present invention selects tabacco straw biological organic fertilizer can reduce tobacco-growing soil unit weight, increases soil Gas permeability, increases soil natural water content and field capacity, favourable tobacco leaf growth; Tabacco straw biological organic fertilizer, can provide sufficient nitrogen for cigarette strain growth, improves rapid available phosphorus, available potassium, exchangeability Mg content in soil, significantly improves Exchangeable Calcium Content in Soil.Along with the increase of tabacco straw biological organic fertilizer amount of application, tobacco-growing soil bacterial number raises gradually.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the performances such as the improvement soil compaction of the performances such as the alkalescence of sepiolite, adsorptivity, water-retentivity and tabacco straw biological organic fertilizer, increase rhizospheric microorganism group, raising soil nutrient are organically combined, obtained a kind of tobacco-planting soil conditioner that is applicable to acid tobacco-growing soil improvement and prevention and improvement heavy metal cadmium.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1: the modifying agent of a kind of acidity of the present invention and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco, sepiolite powder and tobacco rod biological organic fertilizer are mixed according to the ratio of mass ratio 1:8-10, fully stir and make it even; The modifying agent amount of application of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is 70kg-100kg/ mu; In the time of vega ridging, the modifying agent of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is applied or applied as topdressing with potash fertilizer as base manure.
Sepiolite powder and tobacco rod biological organic fertilizer are mixed according to the ratio of mass ratio 1:8-10, fully stir and make it even, obtain the modifying agent of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco.
The soil improvement agent pH of different proportionings
2012 in the warmhouse booth of " Qing Jiangyuan " scientific and technological park, take Xiao Guan township, the Xuanen County acid soil of bestowing favour as supplying examination soil, pollute by manual simulation Cd, studied soil interpolation different ratios acidity and cadmium pollution soil and planted the impact that the modifying agent (sepiolite: tabacco straw biological organic fertilizer=1:8) of tobacco grows on acid soil pH, tobacco leaf Cd content, tobacco-growing soil Cd content, cigarette strain.Result of study shows:
After the modifying agent of mugineic acid and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco, can effectively improve tobacco-growing soil pH value
On the impact of acid tobacco-growing soil pH value
As seen from table, the modifying agent (sepiolite: tobacco rod biological organic fertilizer=1:8) that adds acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco in cigarette strain rhizosphere soil can improve the pH of acid soil, along with the increase of modifying agent proportion in rhizosphere tobacco-growing soil, soil pH value rising amplitude increases, 6.5<pH<7 in the time that ratio reaches 30%-40% in modifying agent in rhizosphere tobacco-growing soil, therefore in rhizosphere tobacco-growing soil, adding modifying agent ratio, to reach 30-40% best to improvement acid soil effect.
Reduce soil Cd activity, suppress the absorption of cigarette strain to soil Cd.
On the impact/mg.kg of Flue-cured and the total Cd content of pedo relict
-1
Sepiolite absorption Cd
2+adsorption mechanism be mainly ion-exchange and surface complexation.In modifying agent, add sepiolite to the significant restraining effect of being absorbed with of Cd in tobacco leaf, and along with the increase restraining effect of the modifying agent ratio of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is obvious, in the time that in rhizosphere soil, modifying agent ratio reaches 40%, under, in, the Cd content of upper part tobacco leaf is only 30.51%, 32.28%, 35.99% of contrast.Meanwhile, pedo relict Cd increases along with the increase of modifying agent ratio.As can be seen here, the modifying agent of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco has passivation to the available state Cd in soil, has reduced the validity of Cd, has reduced the absorption of cigarette strain to Cd.
Tobacco growth is with the obvious advantage, and leaf is long, leaf is wide is all significantly higher than contrast;
On the impact of cigarette strain growing way
In rhizosphere tobacco-growing soil, add after the modifying agent of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco, the plant height of cigarette strain is all variant in each period, difference with group's phase and ripening stage is more obvious, and overall fluctuation tendency shows as plant height along with acidity and cadmium pollution soil are planted the increasing of modifying agent ratio of tobacco and increase.The modifying agent of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco reaches cigarette strain plant height and the contrast difference maximum of 50% processing, group's phase, prosperous for a long time, the ripening stage exceeds respectively 63.63%, 21.33% and 40% of contrast.
Comprehensive explanation, the modifying agent that adds this acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco can reach and improve soil acidity environment, improve the three efficacy of tobacco leaf security and output, but should use tobacco-planting soil conditioner according to different ratios according to situations such as vega soil fertility, acidifying, heavy metal contaminations.
2012 in " Qing Jiangyuan " scientific and technological park by the method for field plot trial, the impact of the modifying agent of having studied acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco on tobacco-growing soil pH value, tobacco leaf security, cigarette strain growing way and yield and output value, to providing theoretical foundation for further applying of tobacco special-purpose soil modifying agent.Result of study shows, the modifying agent of this acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is respectively as base manure usage quantity: CK is that 80 kgs/acre, T2 are that 100 kgs/acre, T3 are 120 kg/mu for not executing modifying agent, T1,3 amounts of application.Each community soil pH, cigarette strain growing way, yield of tobacco output value processed, is better than respectively contrast, and it is lower and all in safety range that each community tobacco leaf detects heavy metal content through security.
On the impact of flue-cured tobacco different times cigarette strain economical character
On the impact of each processing tobacco leaf economic characters
On the impact of each processing community soil pH
As seen from table, in acid tobacco-growing soil, the modifying agent of mugineic acid and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco can effectively promote cigarette strain to grow and improve output, the output value of tobacco leaf, and meanwhile, rhizosphere tobacco-growing soil pH value also all increases.Vega soil improved effect and cigarette strain growing way are used soil improvement agent processing with 100 kgs/acre and are better than 120 kg/mu and use soil improvement agent processing.
Embodiment 2: the modifying agent of a kind of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco, sepiolite powder and tobacco rod biological organic fertilizer are mixed according to the ratio of mass ratio 1:9, fully stir and make it even;
The modifying agent amount of application of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is 80kg/ mu; In the time of vega ridging, the modifying agent of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is applied or applied as topdressing with potash fertilizer as base manure.
Embodiment 3: the modifying agent of a kind of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco, sepiolite powder and tobacco rod biological organic fertilizer are mixed according to the ratio of mass ratio 1:10, fully stir and make it even;
The modifying agent amount of application of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is 90kg/ mu; In the time of vega ridging, the modifying agent of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is applied or applied as topdressing with potash fertilizer as base manure.
Embodiment 4: the modifying agent of a kind of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco, sepiolite powder and tobacco rod biological organic fertilizer are mixed according to the ratio of mass ratio 1:9.5, fully stir and make it even;
The modifying agent amount of application of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is 95kg/ mu; In the time of vega ridging, the modifying agent of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is applied or applied as topdressing with potash fertilizer as base manure.
Embodiment 5: the modifying agent of a kind of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco, sepiolite powder and tobacco rod biological organic fertilizer are mixed according to the ratio of mass ratio 1:8.5, fully stir and make it even;
The modifying agent amount of application of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is 88kg/ mu; In the time of vega ridging, the modifying agent of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is applied or applied as topdressing with potash fertilizer as base manure.
Embodiment 6: the modifying agent of a kind of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco, sepiolite powder and tobacco rod biological organic fertilizer are mixed according to the ratio of mass ratio 1:8.2, fully stir and make it even;
The modifying agent amount of application of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is 75kg/ mu; In the time of vega ridging, the modifying agent of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is applied or applied as topdressing with potash fertilizer as base manure.
Embodiment 7: the modifying agent of a kind of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco, sepiolite powder and tobacco rod biological organic fertilizer are mixed according to the ratio of mass ratio 1:8, fully stir and make it even;
The modifying agent amount of application of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is 70kg/ mu; In the time of vega ridging, the modifying agent of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is applied or applied as topdressing with potash fertilizer as base manure.
Claims (3)
1. a modifying agent for acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco, is characterized in that sepiolite powder and tobacco rod biological organic fertilizer to mix according to the ratio of mass ratio 1:8-10, fully stirs and makes it even;
The modifying agent amount of application of described acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is 70kg-100kg/ mu; In the time of vega ridging, the modifying agent of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is applied or applied as topdressing with potash fertilizer as base manure.
2. according to the modifying agent of a kind of acidity claimed in claim 1 and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco, it is characterized in that sepiolite powder and tobacco rod biological organic fertilizer to mix according to the ratio of mass ratio 1:9, fully stir and make it even;
The modifying agent amount of application of described acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is 80kg-100kg/ mu; In the time of vega ridging, the modifying agent of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is applied or applied as topdressing with potash fertilizer as base manure.
3. according to the modifying agent of a kind of acidity claimed in claim 1 and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco, it is characterized in that sepiolite powder and tobacco rod biological organic fertilizer to mix according to the ratio of mass ratio 1:10, fully stir and make it even;
The modifying agent amount of application of described acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is 90kg/ mu; In the time of vega ridging, the modifying agent of acidity and cadmium pollution soil plantation tobacco is applied or applied as topdressing with potash fertilizer as base manure.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN103947363A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-07-30 | 湖南农业大学 | Compound fertilizer capable of reducing cadmium content of tobaccos, and application method thereof |
| CN105001874A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-10-28 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Curing agent for inhibiting tobacco from absorbing cadmium and lead elements in soil and application thereof |
| CN106083314A (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2016-11-09 | 湖南永清环保研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of bio-fertilizer reducing cadmium content in tobacco and its preparation method and application |
| CN107473847A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2017-12-15 | 南京仙草堂生物科技有限公司 | A kind of biological organic fertilizer for improving Cadmium Pollution in Soils |
| CN110408407A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-05 | 长沙凯泽工程设计有限公司 | A kind of tobacco-growing soil cadmium passivator and preparation method thereof |
| CN114933907A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-08-23 | 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 | Soil conditioner and application |
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| CN114933907A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-08-23 | 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 | Soil conditioner and application |
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