CN103749221B - Orchard frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents
Orchard frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb and manufacture method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103749221B CN103749221B CN201410023300.1A CN201410023300A CN103749221B CN 103749221 B CN103749221 B CN 103749221B CN 201410023300 A CN201410023300 A CN 201410023300A CN 103749221 B CN103749221 B CN 103749221B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of orchard frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb and manufacture, the incendiary material packed layer of orchard frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb adopts horizontal Multi-layer design, every layer is rearranged by wood chip and mixture of potassium nitrate layer and coal dust layer order, topmost add the poroid dividing plate of lid layer, specification orchard frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb manufacturing process.Orchard of the present invention frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb inherits the lower-cost advantage of traditional fumigation method, select environment-friendly materials, improve the processing and manufacturing of existing smog generating material proportioning and aerosol bomb, improve burned for energy, release heat and amount of smoke are increased, smog is close to professional aerosol, and burning time is longer, decreases the discharge of the pernicious gases such as sulphur dioxide.Implement through inventor, practicality easy and simple to handle, can improve orchard temperature 0.5 ~ 1.5 DEG C, effectively prevents and alleviates the light to moderate frost calamity loss in orchard.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to crops frost damage Prevention Technique field, relating to a kind of for preventing orchard frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb and the manufacture thereof of fruit tree frost damage.
Background technology
Fruit tree often can run into frost damage in flowering stage, produces a very large impact the yield and quality in this year.The low temperature (general 0 DEG C ~-5 DEG C) that is in the nature of fruit tree frost causes fruit development body ovary, destruction such as cell structure such as pollination body, fruit etc., loses developmental potency.Traditional orchard frost prevention method has: fumigation method, irrigation method, medical method etc.The most frequently used is fumigation method: namely adopt in orchard multiple spot to set off the methods such as stalk, branch, sawdust, leaf and heat to local, the method cost is low, and common peasant household is convenient to implement, and can alleviate frost damage impact to a certain extent.But the method amount of being fuming is limited, ground is continued heat radiation and can not effectively be contained, poor effect.Tradition aerosol introduces toxic oxygen agent raw material phosphor, sulphur, pitch etc., and the amount of being fuming is comparatively large, but high cost, and discharge more toxic gas, be unfavorable for protection of the environment.
Orchard frost prevention fumigation method prevention frost damage key needs to solve two problems, and first is that the amount of being fuming needs enough greatly, effectively block or slow down fruit tree and Surface long wave radiation, makes heat radiation slack-off; Second is need burning to produce a large amount of heat, is released slowly in the air of orchard, makes the temperature of fruit development portion be unlikely to affect the continuation of its later stage and grows.
For orchard frost prevention technology method, domestic associated mechanisms and individual have more achievement, but existing defects in various degree.The patent of invention of patent No. ZL86100814.6 discloses a kind of heavy smog making agent without environment pollution, and said preparation lays particular emphasis on smog sterilizing, desinsection dispenser, and closed environment application is better, but outdoor antifrost effect is not verified.The patent of invention of publication number CN 1051844A discloses a kind of aerosol, and this aerosol uses mud phosphorus to replace phosphorus to use, and reduce product cost, effect of being fuming is better; But the phosphorus pentoxide that this aerosol produces, be combined with water and have toxicity, have impact to personnel and product safety, be unfavorable for environmental protection, in orchard, flowering stage does not do strict experiment for the impact of the fruit development bodies such as bud.The patent of invention of application publication number CN 102084798 A discloses a kind of method of frost prevention of paddy rice, the multiple method of integrated application prevents frost damage to paddy rice, and effect is better, but for large area prevention frost damage, implement to need a large amount of manpower, and the precisely more difficult enforcement of operation.Disclosed in the patent of invention of safe, convenient and long-acting type frost prevention smoke agent and application publication number CN 102498987 A disclosed in the patent of invention of application publication number CN 101926330 A, Chinese prickly ash frost defends special aerosol cost low, burning time is long, thermal discharge is large, the fruit tree frost damages such as prevention Chinese prickly ash have certain effect, but this aerosol assembly method and flow process do not have normal process, be difficult to ensure that material Thorough combustion utilizes.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned defect of the prior art, provide one to prepare simply, cost is low, easy and simple to handle, and the amount of being fuming is large and the duration is long, material safety, environmental protection, is convenient to the orchard frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb of a large amount of use in agricultural production.
Technical scheme taked for achieving the above object is:
A kind of orchard frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb, comprise papery device for lighting shell, be positioned at the air layer of device for lighting cover top portion, be positioned at the incendiary material packed layer of device for lighting enclosure, be assemblied in the ignition device that device for lighting shell inner bottom part center is made up of fuse and fuse cord, above device for lighting shell and side is all designed with exhaust smoke hole, incendiary material packed layer adopts horizontal Multi-layer design, every layer is rearranged by wood chip and mixture of potassium nitrate layer and the two-layer order of coal dust layer, and the packed layer of topmost is stamped poroid dividing plate;
The number of plies >=2 of above-mentioned incendiary material packed layer;
Above-mentioned device for lighting shell is the square or oval ball of ball-type;
Above-mentioned exhaust smoke hole is circular or square;
The filler material of above-mentioned fuse is the mixture of potassium nitrate, charcoal, sulphur, and quality proportioning is potassium nitrate: charcoal: sulphur=1:1:1;
The quality proportioning of above-mentioned wood chip and mixture of potassium nitrate layer is wood chip: potassium nitrate=5:1;
The filler quality proportioning of above-mentioned wood chip and mixture of potassium nitrate layer, coal dust layer and fuse is 60:12:1;
A manufacture for orchard frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb, comprises the following steps:
wood chip dries or dry for standby;
by proportioning by wood chip and potassium nitrate mixing, and it is for subsequent use to stir;
open papery device for lighting shell, packaging backing plate at bottom is installed;
fill bottom fuse, fill bottom wood chip and mixture of potassium nitrate layer, and draw fuse cord to outlet;
fill coal dust layer by the filler weight proportion of wood chip and mixture of potassium nitrate layer and coal dust layer, after continue to fill upper strata wood chip and mixture of potassium nitrate layer;
repeat the 5th step to wood chip and mixture of potassium nitrate layer upper end distance papery shell upper 5cm;
cover poroid dividing plate;
closed papery device for lighting shell;
encapsulation process, preserves.
Orchard of the present invention frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb inherits the lower-cost advantage of traditional fumigation method, improve existing smog generating material proportioning and introduce common incendiary material coal, conventional sulphur, phosphorus, pitch etc. are abandoned in incendiary material layer, improve burned for energy, release heat and amount of smoke are increased, and smog is close to professional aerosol, and burning time is longer, decrease the discharge of the pernicious gases such as sulphur dioxide, alleviate environmental pollution.
The specification of the present invention processing and manufacturing flow process of orchard frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb, improves the quality of orchard frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb, and the amount of being fuming is large and the duration is long, improving production efficiency greatly, reduction production cost.
Implement through inventor, orchard of the present invention frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb can improve orchard temperature 0.5 ~ 1.5 DEG C, effectively prevents and alleviates the light to moderate frost calamity loss in orchard.Burn into after ashes until aerosol bomb and bury with soil, can as farmland fertilizer, practicality easy and simple to handle, is convenient to use in a large number in agricultural production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation sketch of orchard of the present invention frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb; In accompanying drawing: 1---device for lighting shell; 2---fuse; 3---fuse cord; 4---exhaust smoke hole; 5---wood chip and mixture of potassium nitrate layer; 6---coal dust layer; 7---poroid dividing plate; 8---air layer;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of orchard of the present invention frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb;
Fig. 3 is the end view of orchard of the present invention frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb.
Embodiment
Orchard of the present invention frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb, as shown in drawings, comprise papery device for lighting shell 1, be positioned at the air layer 8 at device for lighting shell 1 top, be positioned at the incendiary material packed layer of device for lighting shell 1 inside, be assemblied in the ignition device that device for lighting shell 1 inner bottom part center is made up of fuse 2 and fuse cord 3, above device for lighting shell 1 and side is all designed with circular or square exhaust smoke hole 4, air floor height 5cm; Incendiary material packed layer adopts horizontal Multi-layer design, the number of plies >=2, and every layer is rearranged by wood chip and mixture of potassium nitrate layer 5 and coal dust layer 6 order, covers poroid dividing plate 7 topmost; Device for lighting shell 1 is the square or oval ball of ball-type.The material mixture ratio of fuse 2 is the mixture of potassium nitrate, charcoal, sulphur, and quality proportioning is potassium nitrate: charcoal: sulphur=1:1:1; The quality proportioning of wood chip and mixture of potassium nitrate layer 5 is wood chip: potassium nitrate=5:1; The filler quality proportioning of wood chip and mixture of potassium nitrate layer 5, coal dust layer 6 and fuse 2 is 60:12:1.
The manufacture of orchard frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb, comprises the following steps:
wood chip dries or dry for standby;
by proportioning by wood chip and potassium nitrate mixing, and it is for subsequent use to stir;
open papery device for lighting shell, packaging backing plate at bottom is installed;
fill bottom fuse, fill bottom wood chip and mixture of potassium nitrate layer, and draw fuse cord to outlet;
fill coal dust layer by the filler weight proportion of wood chip and mixture of potassium nitrate layer and coal dust layer, after continue to fill upper strata wood chip and mixture of potassium nitrate layer;
repeat the 5th step to wood chip and mixture of potassium nitrate layer upper end distance papery shell upper 5cm;
cover poroid dividing plate;
closed papery device for lighting shell;
encapsulation process, preserves.
At fruit tree bud to young fruit period, according to weather forecast, in the date having frost process, when orchard temperature drops to 2 DEG C time, frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb 8 is vertically placed on orchard windward side in wind direction, when wind speed is less than 3m/s, temperature starts to light fuse cord lower than when 0 DEG C, frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb starts to be fuming, start to work when orchard smokescope reaches after visibility is less than 10 meters, reach and reduce Surface long wave radiation effect, through comparative observation, orchard temperature 0.5 ~ 1.5 DEG C can be improved after frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb release smog, effective prevention and alleviate orchard light to moderate frost calamity loss.Burn into after ashes until aerosol bomb and bury with soil, can as farmland fertilizer.
Claims (4)
1. an orchard frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb, comprise papery device for lighting shell (1), be positioned at the air layer (8) at device for lighting shell (1) top, be positioned at the incendiary material packed layer that device for lighting shell (1) is inner, be assemblied in the ignition device that device for lighting shell (1) inner bottom part center is made up of fuse (2) and fuse cord (3), above device for lighting shell (1) and side is all designed with exhaust smoke hole (4), it is characterized in that: incendiary material packed layer adopts horizontal Multi-layer design, every layer is rearranged by wood chip and mixture of potassium nitrate layer (5) and coal dust layer (6) two-layer order, the packed layer of topmost is stamped poroid dividing plate (7),
The number of plies >2 of above-mentioned incendiary material packed layer;
The filler material of above-mentioned fuse (2) is the mixture of potassium nitrate, charcoal, sulphur, and quality proportioning is potassium nitrate: charcoal: sulphur=1:1:1;
The quality proportioning of above-mentioned wood chip and mixture of potassium nitrate layer (5) is wood chip: potassium nitrate=5:1;
The filler quality proportioning of above-mentioned wood chip and mixture of potassium nitrate layer (5), coal dust layer (6) and fuse (2) is 60:12:1.
2. according to orchard according to claim 1 frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned device for lighting shell (1) is the square or oval ball of ball-type.
3. according to orchard according to claim 1 frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned exhaust smoke hole (4) is for circular or square.
4., according to orchard according to claim 1 frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb, it is characterized in that: manufacture method step is as follows:
1. wood chip dries or dry for standby;
2. by proportioning, wood chip and potassium nitrate are mixed, and it is for subsequent use to stir;
3. open papery device for lighting shell (1), packaging backing plate at bottom is installed;
4. fill bottom fuse (2), fill bottom wood chip and mixture of potassium nitrate layer (5), and draw fuse cord (3) to outlet;
5. the filler weight proportion pressing wood chip and mixture of potassium nitrate layer (5) and coal dust layer (6) fills coal dust layer (6), after continue to fill upper strata wood chip and mixture of potassium nitrate layer (5);
6. the 5th step is repeated to wood chip and mixture of potassium nitrate layer (5) upper end distance papery shell upper 5cm;
7. poroid dividing plate (7) is covered;
8. closed papery device for lighting shell (1);
9. encapsulation process, preserves.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410023300.1A CN103749221B (en) | 2014-01-20 | 2014-01-20 | Orchard frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb and manufacture method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410023300.1A CN103749221B (en) | 2014-01-20 | 2014-01-20 | Orchard frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb and manufacture method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103749221A CN103749221A (en) | 2014-04-30 |
| CN103749221B true CN103749221B (en) | 2015-09-23 |
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| CN201410023300.1A Expired - Fee Related CN103749221B (en) | 2014-01-20 | 2014-01-20 | Orchard frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb and manufacture method thereof |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104255717B (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2016-04-27 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of orchard frost prevention smoke agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN108934648A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-12-07 | 王阳 | A method of fruit tree antifreezing is carried out using antifreeze cellar |
Citations (8)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3327505A (en) * | 1964-07-31 | 1967-06-27 | Standard Oil Co | Crop protection |
| RU2030706C1 (en) * | 1990-12-20 | 1995-03-10 | Научно-исследовательский институт прикладной химии | Pyrotechnical torch for fireworks |
| CN2579162Y (en) * | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-15 | 白福明 | Temperature control smoke frost-proof device |
| CN1535940A (en) * | 2003-04-04 | 2004-10-13 | 张奉臣 | Second delay fuse |
| CN101033431A (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2007-09-12 | 王天国 | Fast firing fuel and producing method thereof |
| CN101672603A (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2010-03-17 | 浏阳市港华出口花炮厂 | Process for manufacturing cylindrical small display-shell fireworks |
| JP3161104U (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2010-07-22 | 戊 吉沢 | Combustor and combustion material |
| CN101785413A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2010-07-28 | 福建农林大学 | Fumigation material formulation for heat preservation of dry crops and use method thereof |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005295941A (en) * | 2004-04-15 | 2005-10-27 | Nof Corp | Method for extending burning time of fuel oil and antifrosting burning tool |
| JP4364148B2 (en) * | 2005-03-17 | 2009-11-11 | ホワイトプロダクト株式会社 | Defrosting fuel |
-
2014
- 2014-01-20 CN CN201410023300.1A patent/CN103749221B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3327505A (en) * | 1964-07-31 | 1967-06-27 | Standard Oil Co | Crop protection |
| RU2030706C1 (en) * | 1990-12-20 | 1995-03-10 | Научно-исследовательский институт прикладной химии | Pyrotechnical torch for fireworks |
| CN2579162Y (en) * | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-15 | 白福明 | Temperature control smoke frost-proof device |
| CN1535940A (en) * | 2003-04-04 | 2004-10-13 | 张奉臣 | Second delay fuse |
| CN101033431A (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2007-09-12 | 王天国 | Fast firing fuel and producing method thereof |
| CN101672603A (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2010-03-17 | 浏阳市港华出口花炮厂 | Process for manufacturing cylindrical small display-shell fireworks |
| CN101785413A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2010-07-28 | 福建农林大学 | Fumigation material formulation for heat preservation of dry crops and use method thereof |
| JP3161104U (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2010-07-22 | 戊 吉沢 | Combustor and combustion material |
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| CN103749221A (en) | 2014-04-30 |
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Granted publication date: 20150923 Termination date: 20200120 |