CN109057000B - Cave dwelling type mountain forest protection cabin - Google Patents
Cave dwelling type mountain forest protection cabin Download PDFInfo
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- CN109057000B CN109057000B CN201810991266.5A CN201810991266A CN109057000B CN 109057000 B CN109057000 B CN 109057000B CN 201810991266 A CN201810991266 A CN 201810991266A CN 109057000 B CN109057000 B CN 109057000B
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Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/64—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor for making damp-proof; Protection against corrosion
- E04B1/644—Damp-proof courses
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F17/00—Vertical ducts; Channels, e.g. for drainage
- E04F17/04—Air-ducts or air channels
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B2001/742—Use of special materials; Materials having special structures or shape
- E04B2001/745—Vegetal products, e.g. plant stems, barks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/244—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a cave dwelling place formula mountain area protects forest cabin, belongs to the cave dwelling place formula building of building field, and the main part of this cabin is the cave of excavating on the massif lateral wall, and pastes the inner wall in tight cave and set up dampproofing cold-proof wall, is provided with the door plant in the entry in cave, dampproofing cold-proof wall is multilayer structure, and outwards be aluminium alloy layer, adobe layer, dry branch fallen leaves layer, garrulous end filling layer and plank layer from closely pasting the cave inner wall in proper order. The invention adopts a cave type structure, has the heat preservation effect of being warm in winter and cool in summer, adopts a composite structure formed by an aluminum alloy layer, a soil billet layer, a dead branch and fallen leaf layer, a powder filling layer and a wood board layer as a wall, not only changes the humidity characteristic of the cave, but also further enhances the heat preservation characteristic and prevents the invasion of pests such as snakeworms, ants and the like.
Description
The application has the following application numbers: 2017102644295, the name of invention creation: a cave dwelling type mountain forest protection cabin is disclosed, which has the following application dates: divisional application of patent application on 17/04/2017.
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cave construction in the field of construction, in particular to a cave type mountain forest protection cabin.
Background
Forest resources are a generic term for woodlands and forest organisms in which they grow. The method mainly comprises forest resources, forest and under-forest plants, wild animals, soil microorganisms, other natural environment factors and other resources. The quantity of forest resources is large and small, and the conditions for developing forest production, forest ownership condition, forest productivity and the like in one country or region are directly indicated. The biggest problem in the protection of forest resources is the phenomenon of forest fire and embezzlement, and in order to effectively protect the forest resources, forest protectors are generally arranged in forest regions, and the forest protectors are used for patrolling the forest regions to prevent the forest fire and the embezzlement and embezzlement phenomena to a certain extent. In order to facilitate rest of forest protection personnel, some forest protection cabins are often arranged at fixed points in forest zones, so that the forest protection personnel can have a rest in bad weather or at night.
The existing forest protection cabin is generally built on the ground by adopting building materials such as wood or tiles, the heat insulation performance of the forest protection cabin is not good, and spiders, worms, snakes and the like often enter the cabin, so that rest of forest protectors is influenced to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of poor heat retention caused by the fact that the existing forest protecting cabin is built on the ground by adopting building materials, the invention provides the kiln-cave type mountain forest protecting cabin which is suitable for a mountain forest or a sloping field.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a cave-type mountain area forest protection cabin is characterized in that a cave dug on the side wall of a mountain body is adopted as a main body of the cabin, a moistureproof and warm-keeping wall is arranged close to the inner wall of the cave, a door plate is arranged at the entrance of the cave, the moistureproof and warm-keeping wall is of a multilayer structure, and an aluminum alloy layer, a soil blank layer, a dry branch fallen leaf layer, a dust filling layer and a wood plate layer are sequentially arranged from the inner wall close to the cave to the outside, wherein the soil blank layer is a wall body formed by adding weeds and water into clay, mixing the added weeds and the water into the clay, drying and stacking the prepared green bricks, the dry branch fallen leaf layer is formed by drying and stacking the dry branch fallen leaves in a collected tree, and the dust filling layer is formed by mixing plant ash, quicklime and the dried sawdust in a weight ratio of 1-2: 5-7: 20-30 and.
A ventilation pipe communicated with the cave and the outside is arranged above the door plate, one end of the ventilation pipe extending out of the cave is inclined downwards and sealed to form a downward inclined dripping eave, and the bottommost end of the dripping eave and the bottom end of the end part of the ventilation pipe form an upward inclined slope; the bottom of the ventilation pipe, which is positioned at the outer part of the cave, is densely provided with ventilation holes, one end of the ventilation pipe, which is positioned in the cave, is provided with a ventilation fan, the ventilation fan is driven by a storage battery to work, and the electric quantity of the storage battery is provided by a solar cell panel arranged at the outer part of the cave.
A fireplace is arranged in the cave close to the inlet, an air inlet channel is arranged below a grate plate at the bottom of the fireplace, the air inlet channel inclines downwards and is communicated with the outside through a protective steel mesh, and an arc-shaped ash falling pool is arranged at the position, close to the protective steel mesh, of the air inlet channel; the fireplace is provided with a smoke exhaust pipeline, the smoke exhaust pipeline extends out of the cave after being bent and arranged in a crushed powder filling layer or a dead branch and fallen leaf layer, one end of the smoke exhaust pipeline extending out of the cave is inclined downwards, and a metal wire mesh is arranged at the position of a pipeline opening.
The exhaust pipeline is provided with an inclined air supply pipe connected with the blower so that the blower urges the gas in the exhaust pipeline to be exhausted, the blower is driven to work by the storage battery, and the electric quantity of the storage battery is provided by the solar cell panel arranged outside the cave.
The surface of the smoke exhaust pipeline, which is positioned in the powder filling layer or the withered branch and fallen leaf layer, is coated with a bacteriostatic agent, and the bacteriostatic agent is formed by mixing 3-5 parts of chinaberry extract, 4-6 parts of oleander extract, 7-8 parts of wormwood powder, 4-5 parts of orange leaf powder, 8-12 parts of camphor leaf powder, 5-7 parts of sulfur, 2-3 parts of rosin and 18-24 parts of carbon disulfide according to the weight ratio;
wherein the wormwood powder, the orange leaf powder and the camphor leaf powder are fine powder with the grain diameter not more than 200 meshes which is obtained by grinding green leaves of the wormwood, the orange leaves and the camphor leaves after drying, the preparation method of the Melia azedarach extract and the Nerium oleander extract comprises soaking Melia azedarach bark and Nerium oleander leaf in 30% sodium chloride solution for 6-8 hr, taking out, draining, freezing in a freezing chamber at a temperature below-20 deg.C for 40-60min, pulverizing with ultrasonic wave to obtain Melia azedarach powder and Nerium oleander powder, then ethanol is used as solvent and the two are respectively extracted by leakage at the speed of 1-2ml/min, concentrating the extractive solution at 80-85 deg.C to 1/10 to obtain Melia azedarach extract and Nerium indicum extract, extracting under leakage, the ratio of Melia azedarach powder and Nerium indicum powder to ethanol is 12-16ml for each 1g of Melia azedarach powder and Nerium indicum powder.
The sawdust filling layer also contains mixed powder obtained by mixing and crushing basil, citronella and eucalyptus leaves according to the weight ratio of 8-10: 5-7: 12-14, and the mass of the mixed powder is 20-40% of that of the sawdust.
An anticorrosive layer is arranged between the aluminum alloy layer and the inner wall of the cave, and the anticorrosive layer is formed by uniformly mixing and pressing an adhesive, calcium oxide, diatomite and alkaline residues discharged in the alkaline preparation process by an ammonium-alkali method according to the proportion of 10-20: 30-40: 5-10: 20-30;
the preparation method of the adhesive comprises the steps of drying pig manure, grinding the dried pig manure into powder, mixing the powder with water which is 8-10 times of the weight of the pig manure, adding diethylhydroxylamine which is 3-4% of the weight of the pig manure, boiling the pig manure for 5-10min under the condition of air isolation, cooling the pig manure, filtering the pig manure to obtain filtrate, concentrating the filtrate to 20% of the original volume, and finally mixing the concentrated solution and modified starch in a weight ratio of 7-9: 1-2 to obtain the adhesive; adding starch into water which is 3-5 times of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, then adding a tin coupling agent which accounts for 8-10% of the weight of the starch, adjusting the pH value to 4-5 by using sulfuric acid, then adding an eucommia ulmoides extract which accounts for 1-3% of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 60-65 ℃, preserving the temperature for 2-3h, finally adding stearic acid which accounts for 4-5% of the weight of the starch, uniformly stirring, and drying at the temperature of 110 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified starch; the eucommia ulmoides extract is powder obtained by evaporating filtrate obtained by filtering solid residues after the eucommia ulmoides leaves are boiled in water for 20-30 min;
when the eucommia ulmoides extract is prepared, firstly, the eucommia ulmoides leaves are treated as follows:
1) cleaning folium Eucommiae with water, soaking in 30% sodium chloride solution for 2h, taking out, soaking in 35% sodium hydroxide solution for 20min, taking out, and washing with clear water;
wherein, after the eucommia leaves are soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution for 10min, the solution is subjected to microwave treatment with the power of 400W for 2 min;
2) soaking the eucommia ulmoides leaves washed clean by the clean water in the step 1) in clean water with the weight 3-5 times of that of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, then adding cellulase with the weight 1% of that of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, standing for 3-4 hours, fishing out the eucommia ulmoides leaves, and then cleaning the eucommia ulmoides leaves by the clean water to finish the treatment of the eucommia ulmoides leaves.
The surface of the aluminum alloy layer, which is close to the inner wall of the hole, is coated with insect-proof paint, the insect-proof paint is prepared by adding insect-proof functional components accounting for 4-8% of the weight of the paint into the paint, and the insect-proof functional components are formed by mixing 7-9 parts of plant extracts, 5-7 parts of sulfur, 3-5 parts of rosin, 10-12 parts of alcohol and 18-22 parts of carbon disulfide according to the weight ratio;
the plant extract is prepared by mixing folium Artemisiae Argyi, herba Cymbopogonis Citrari, herba Ocimi, Eucalyptus globulus and folium Platycladi at weight ratio of 3-4: 5-7: 8-9: 6-8: 2-3, then soaking in 30% sodium chloride solution for 8-10h, taking out, draining, freezing in a freezing chamber at a temperature below-20 deg.C for 40-60min, pulverizing with ultrasonic wave to obtain plant mixed powder, then using ethanol as solvent and carrying out leakage extraction on the plant mixed powder at the speed of 1-2ml/min, concentrating the obtained extractive solution at 80-85 deg.C to 1/10 of original volume to obtain plant extract, performing percolation extraction, the ratio of the plant mixed powder to the ethanol is 12-16ml of ethanol for each 1g of plant mixed powder.
In the invention, when the chinaberry extract and the oleander extract are obtained, chinaberry bark and oleander leaves are soaked in a sodium chloride solution with the mass concentration of 30% for 6-8h, then fished out and soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 35% for 40min, then fished out and washed clean by clear water, and then the chinaberry bark and the oleander leaves are frozen in a freezing chamber with the temperature below minus 20 ℃ for 40-60min, and after being soaked in the sodium hydroxide solution for 10min, the chinaberry bark and the oleander leaves are subjected to microwave treatment with the power of 400W for 2 min; this is done to further disrupt the cell wall structure, thereby allowing the components contained therein to more easily exude.
In the invention, the anticorrosive layer also contains an alkaline pulp waste liquor concentrate with the weight of 20-30% of calcium oxide, and the alkaline pulp waste liquor concentrate is obtained by concentrating alkaline pulp waste liquor discharged by a paper mill to 20-30% of the original volume; the lignin derivative, the organic acid salt, free sodium hydroxide, free sodium sulfide and the like are contained, so that the growth of microorganisms can be inhibited, and better bonding performance can be provided.
In the invention, a plurality of anchoring pieces are arranged between the aluminum alloy layer and the adobe layer, so that the adobe layer can be tightly combined with the aluminum alloy layer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) the invention adopts a cave structure, a hole is dug on the side wall of the mountain body to be used as a main body structure of the cabin, the cave structure has the heat preservation effect of being warm in winter and cool in summer, but the cave of the mountain body has the moist characteristic, in order to change the moist characteristic of the cave, further enhance the heat preservation characteristic and prevent the invasion of pests such as snakeworms, ants and the like, the invention adopts a composite structure formed by an aluminum alloy layer, a soil blank layer, a dead branch and fallen leaf layer, a crushed powder filling layer and a wood board layer as a wall, wherein the aluminum alloy layer and the soil blank layer are actually used as framework layers, the dead branch and fallen leaves in a collecting tree forest are dried in the sun and then stacked to form the dead branch and fallen leaf layer, plant ash and quicklime are collected and mixed with dried sawdust and then pressed to form the crushed powder filling layer, the two layers not only fully utilize the waste of the forest resources, but also can greatly improve the heat preservation and moisture resistance, moreover, the filling layer of the powder contains quicklime and plant ash, so that the effects of bacteriostasis and deinsectization can be achieved;
2) in order to ensure indoor ventilation conditions, the hole and the external air exchange pipe are communicated, in order to prevent rainwater from entering the air exchange pipe, one end, extending out of the hole, of the air exchange pipe is inclined downwards and sealed to form a downward-inclined dripping eave, and the bottommost end of the dripping eave and the bottom end of the end part of the air exchange pipe form an upward-inclined slope; the bottom of the ventilation pipe, which is positioned at the outer part of the cave, is densely provided with the ventilation holes, so that insects, snakes, spiders and the like can be prevented from entering a room through the ventilation pipe;
3) in order to facilitate the life of forest protection workers, the fireplace is arranged at the position, close to the entrance, of the cave, the air inlet channel communicated with the outside is arranged below the grate plate at the bottom of the fireplace, and the air inlet channel is inclined downwards, so that the plant ash generated by combustion cannot be accumulated to influence air inlet, and the characteristic of the mountain wind is fully utilized, so that the plant ash can more easily enter the air inlet channel; the tail end of the air inlet channel is provided with the protective steel mesh, so that animals can be prevented from entering the air inlet channel, the air inlet channel is provided with the arc-shaped ash falling pool close to the protective steel mesh, so that the falling plant ash can be accumulated in the air inlet channel and manually cleaned by forest protectors, and the burning plant ash is prevented from being directly discharged and then ignited;
in order to discharge the smoke generated by the combustion of the fireplace and reasonably utilize the smoke, the side part of the fireplace is provided with a smoke discharge pipeline, and the smoke discharge pipeline is bent and arranged in the crushed filling layer or the dead branch and fallen leaf layer and then extends out of the cave, so that the heat of the smoke generated by the combustion can be transferred to the crushed filling layer or the dead branch and fallen leaf layer in the discharge process, and the indoor temperature and the dryness are ensured; one end of the smoke exhaust pipeline extending out of the cave is inclined downwards, and a wire mesh is arranged at the pipeline port, so that rainwater can be prevented from entering, and birds, snakeworms and spiders can be prevented from entering;
in order to enhance the smoke exhaust capacity, an inclined blast pipe connected with a blower is arranged on the smoke exhaust pipeline, so that the exhaust of smoke is accelerated; the storage battery and the solar panel are matched to generate power to supply the blower to work, and the power of the storage battery can also provide illumination and other purposes;
4) in order to prevent bacteria in the powder filling layer or the withered branch and fallen leaf layer from breeding, a bacteriostatic agent is coated on the pipe wall of the smoke exhaust pipeline and is formed by mixing chinaberry extract, oleander extract, wormwood powder, orange leaf powder, cinnamomum camphora leaf powder, sulfur, rosin and carbon disulfide, wherein the bacteriostatic agent not only contains plant powder or plant extract with various pungent smells and can prevent the breeding of bacteria and insect ants, but also can accelerate the volatilization speed along with the rise of the temperature of the pipeline wall when being coated on the pipeline wall; when the chinaberry extract and the oleander extract are obtained, the chinaberry extract and the oleander extract are firstly soaked in a sodium chloride solution, so that the cells can lose water and the structures of the cells can be primarily destroyed, then the chinaberry extract and the oleander extract are placed into a freezing chamber for quick freezing, so that partial organic components and residual liquid in the cells are crystallized, the cell wall structures are further destroyed, and the effective components contained in the cells can be extracted as far as possible after the chinaberry extract and the oleander extract are crushed by ultrasonic waves;
5) in order to prevent the aluminum alloy layer from being corroded, an anticorrosive layer can be arranged between the aluminum alloy layer and the inner wall of the cave, the anticorrosive layer is formed by mixing and pressing an adhesive, calcium oxide, diatomite and alkaline residues discharged in the alkaline preparation process by an ammonium alkaline method, and the calcium oxide and the alkaline residues have strong basicity and can prevent microorganisms and bacteria in soil from growing to a great extent so as to corrode the aluminum alloy layer; the adhesive is prepared by processing pig manure, firstly, the pig manure is boiled by water containing diethylhydroxylamine under the condition of air isolation, parasitic eggs and bacteria in the pig manure are killed, the odor of the pig manure can be effectively eliminated, then, the pig manure is filtered to obtain filtrate which is concentrated, a large amount of organic matters are contained in the filtrate, the organic matters are mixed with modified starch to form the adhesive, and the adhesive not only can enable the materials to be tightly combined, but also can prevent harmful elements of alkaline residue from diffusing into soil;
according to the invention, when the starch is modified, the eucommia ulmoides extract is added, the eucommia ulmoides glycoside contained in the eucommia ulmoides extract has a plurality of polar functional groups and is active in property, and a dialdehyde structure similar to glutaraldehyde is generated under the action of a tin coupling agent and the starch, so that the generated modified starch is fully combined with organic matters in pig manure, the viscosity of the modified starch can be enhanced, and the bonding capacity is improved;
6) the eucommia leaves are soaked in the sodium chloride solution and the sodium hydroxide solution in sequence, so that cell walls on the surface layer can be damaged to a certain degree, effective components in cells in the eucommia leaves can be separated out through cell membranes and cell walls more easily, and the cellulose structure of the eucommia leaves can be loosened, so that the effective components in the eucommia leaves can be separated out effectively after being subjected to enzymolysis by cellulase; similarly, when the eucommia ulmoides leaves are soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution, the microwave is used for assisting, and lignin and pentosan contained in the eucommia ulmoides leaves cell walls can be effectively removed, so that the cell walls are damaged to a greater extent, effective components in cells can be conveniently separated out through the cell walls, and the extraction yield of the eucommia ulmoides glycosides is finally improved;
7) the powder filling layer is made of a mixture of basil, citronella and eucalyptus leaves, the three substances have pungent smells and can achieve the effect of expelling insects, the surface of the aluminum alloy layer is coated with the insect-proof paint, the functional components in the insect-proof paint comprise extracts of functional components such as folium artemisiae argyi, citronella, basil, eucalyptus bark and cypress leaves, sulfur, rosin and the like, and the components are dissolved in carbon disulfide and then mixed with common paint to form the insect-proof paint with certain pungent smells, so that the insect-proof paint has the effects of preventing insects and inhibiting bacteria.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the damp-proof and warm-keeping wall of the present invention;
reference numerals: 1. mountain side wall, 2, dampproofing cold-proof wall, 201, aluminum alloy layer, 202, adobe layer, 203, dry branch and fallen leaves layer, 204, bits of broken powder filling layer, 205, wooden sheet layer, 3, anticorrosive coating, 4, air-blower, 5, scavenge pipe, 501, eaves of dripping, 502, scavenger fan, 6, fireplace, 601, comb board, 7, air inlet channel, 701, arc ash falling pond, 702, sliding plate, 703, spring, 704, pull ring, 8, protection steel mesh, 9, exhaust pipe, 901, slope blast pipe, 902, wire mesh, 10, solar cell panel, 11, battery.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
As shown in the figure, a cave-type mountain forest protection cabin is characterized in that a cave dug on a mountain side wall 1 is adopted as a main body of the cabin, when the cave is dug, a boss can be directly reserved in the cave to serve as a bed or a table and the like, a moisture-proof heat-preservation wall 2 is arranged close to the inner wall of the cave, a door panel is arranged at the entrance of the cave, the moisture-proof heat-preservation wall 2 is of a multilayer structure, and an aluminum alloy layer 201, a adobe layer 202, a dead branch and fallen leaf layer 203, a broken powder filling layer 204 and a wood panel layer 205 are sequentially arranged from the inner wall of the cave to the outside, in general, the aluminum alloy layer 201 can be replaced by other metals, such as sheet iron and the like, the thickness is generally 2mm, the thickness of the adobe layer 202 is 5cm, the thickness of the dead branch and fallen leaf layer 203 is 10cm, the thickness of the broken powder filling layer 204 is 5cm, and the wood panel layer; the soil base layer 202 is a wall body formed by building bricks which are prepared by adding weeds and water into clay and mixing the weeds and the water, drying the bricks and piling the bricks, the dead branch and fallen leaf layer 203 is formed by collecting dead branch and fallen leaves in a tree and stacking the dead branch and fallen leaves after drying the dead branch and fallen leaves, and the powder filling layer 204 is formed by mixing plant ash, quicklime and dried sawdust according to the weight ratio of 1: 5: 20 and then pressing the mixture.
The above is the embodiment of the present invention, and further optimization, improvement and limitation can be made on the basis of the above:
for example, a ventilation pipe 5 communicating the cave with the outside is arranged above the door panel, one end of the ventilation pipe 5 extending out of the cave is inclined downwards and sealed to form a downward inclined dripping eave 501, and the bottommost end of the dripping eave 501 and the bottom end of the end part of the ventilation pipe 5 form an upward inclined slope; the bottom of the ventilation pipe 5, which is positioned at the outer part of the cave, is densely provided with ventilation holes, one end of the ventilation pipe 5, which is positioned in the cave, is provided with a ventilation fan 502, the ventilation fan 502 is driven by a storage battery 11 to work, and the electric quantity of the storage battery 11 is provided by a solar cell panel 10 arranged outside the cave; for another example, a fireplace 6 is arranged in the cave close to the inlet, an air inlet channel 7 is arranged below the grate plate 601 at the bottom of the fireplace 6, the air inlet channel 7 is inclined downwards and communicated with the outside through a protective steel mesh 8, an arc-shaped ash falling pool 701 is arranged at the position, close to the protective steel mesh 8, of the air inlet channel 7, and the protective steel mesh 8 can be detached, so that accumulated ash in the arc-shaped ash falling pool 701 can be cleaned conveniently; the fireplace 6 is provided with a smoke exhaust pipeline 9, the smoke exhaust pipeline 9 extends out of the cave after being bent and arranged in the powder filling layer 204 or the dead branch and fallen leaf layer 203, one end of the smoke exhaust pipeline extending out of the cave is inclined downwards, and a metal wire mesh 902 is arranged at the position of a pipeline opening;
furthermore, a metal sliding plate 702 is slidably arranged at the bottom of the air inlet channel 7, the sliding plate 702 is located below the grid plate 601, one side of the sliding plate is provided with an inclined side edge, the side edge is tightly attached to the side wall of the bottom of the fireplace 6 under the action of a spring 703, so that plant ash leaked from the grid plate 601 is guided to fall onto the sliding plate 702, the bottom of the sliding plate 702 is connected with a pull ring 704 through a pull rope penetrating through a protective steel mesh 8, and the pull ring 704 is located outside the protective steel mesh 8, so that a person can pull the pull ring 704 to drive the sliding plate 702 to slide in the air inlet channel 7, and the plant ash on the sliding plate can fall into the arc-shaped ash falling pool 701 and then return to the original position under the action of;
further, the smoke exhaust pipes 9 are arranged on the ground in an S shape back and forth, and then pass through the side walls and the top wall along straight lines to be exhausted; or the smoke exhaust pipeline 9 can also be a plurality of pipelines led out from the fireplace 6, and finally the smoke exhaust pipeline is converged into one pipeline on the top wall of the cave to be exhausted;
still further, an inclined air supply pipe 901 connected with the blower 4 is arranged on the smoke exhaust pipeline 9, so that the blower 4 drives the air in the smoke exhaust pipeline 9 to be exhausted, the blower 4 is driven by a storage battery 11 to work, and the electric quantity of the storage battery 11 is provided by a solar cell panel 10 arranged outside the cave;
furthermore, the surface of the smoke exhaust pipe 9 in the powder filling layer 204 or the withered branch and fallen leaves layer 203 is coated with bacteriostatic agent, according to the weight ratio, the bacteriostatic agent is formed by mixing 3 parts of chinaberry tree extract, 4 parts of oleander extract, 7 parts of wormwood powder, 4 parts of orange leaf powder, 8 parts of camphor leaf powder, 5 parts of sulfur, 2 parts of rosin and 18 parts of carbon disulfide, wherein the wormwood powder, the orange leaf powder and the camphor leaf powder are fine powder with the particle size not exceeding 200 meshes after being dried and ground into green leaves of wormwood, orange leaves and camphor leaves, the preparation methods of the chinaberry tree extract and the oleander extract are that chinaberry bark and the oleander leaves are respectively soaked in sodium chloride solution with the mass concentration of 30% for 6h, the mixture is taken out, drained and then put into a freezing chamber with the temperature of-20 ℃ for freezing for 40min, and then the chinaberry tree powder and the oleander powder are prepared by crushing the ultrasonic waves, respectively carrying out leakage extraction on the chinaberry tree extract and the oleander extract by using ethanol as a solvent at a speed of 1ml/min, concentrating the obtained extracting solution to 1/10 of the original volume at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain the chinaberry tree extract and the oleander extract, wherein the proportion of the chinaberry tree powder, the oleander powder and the ethanol is 12ml of ethanol corresponding to each 1g of the chinaberry tree powder and the oleander powder during leakage extraction;
for another example, an anticorrosive coating 3 is arranged between the aluminum alloy layer 201 and the inner wall of the cave, and the anticorrosive coating 3 is formed by uniformly mixing and pressing an adhesive, calcium oxide, diatomite and alkaline residues discharged in the alkaline preparation process by an ammonium-alkali method according to the proportion of 10: 30: 5: 20; the preparation method of the adhesive comprises the steps of drying pig manure, grinding the dried pig manure into powder, mixing the powder with water which is 8 times of the weight of the pig manure, adding diethylhydroxylamine which is 3% of the weight of the pig manure, boiling the pig manure for 5min under the condition of isolating air, cooling and filtering the pig manure to obtain filtrate, concentrating the filtrate to 20% of the original volume, and finally mixing the concentrated solution and modified starch in a weight ratio of 7: 1 to obtain the adhesive; the preparation method of the modified starch comprises the steps of adding the starch into water which is 3 times of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, then adding a tin coupling agent which accounts for 8% of the weight of the starch, adjusting the pH value to 4 by using sulfuric acid, then adding an eucommia ulmoides extract which accounts for 1% of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 60 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, finally adding stearic acid which accounts for 4% of the weight of the starch, uniformly stirring, and drying at 100 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified starch; the eucommia ulmoides extract is powder obtained by evaporating filtrate obtained by filtering solid residues after the eucommia ulmoides leaves are boiled in water for 20 min;
further, during the preparation of the eucommia ulmoides extract, firstly, the eucommia ulmoides leaves are treated as follows:
1) cleaning folium Eucommiae with water, soaking in 30% sodium chloride solution for 2h, taking out, soaking in 35% sodium hydroxide solution for 20min, taking out, and washing with clear water;
wherein, after the eucommia leaves are soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution for 10min, the solution is subjected to microwave treatment with the power of 400W for 2 min;
2) soaking the eucommia ulmoides leaves washed clean by the clean water in the step 1) in clean water with the weight 3 times that of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, then adding cellulase with the weight 1% of the weight of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, standing for 3 hours, taking out the eucommia ulmoides leaves, and then cleaning the eucommia ulmoides leaves by the clean water to finish the treatment of the eucommia ulmoides leaves;
for another example, the powder filling layer 204 further contains mixed powder obtained by mixing and crushing basil, citronella and eucalyptus leaves according to the weight ratio of 8: 5: 12, and the mass of the mixed powder is 20% of that of the sawdust;
finally, the surface of the aluminum alloy layer 201, which is close to the inner wall of the hole, is coated with an insect-proof paint, the insect-proof paint is prepared by adding an insect-proof functional component with the weight of 4% of that of the paint into the paint, and the insect-proof functional component is prepared by mixing 7 parts of plant extract, 5 parts of sulfur, 3 parts of rosin, 10 parts of alcohol and 18 parts of carbon disulfide according to the weight ratio, wherein the preparation method of the plant extract comprises the steps of mixing folium artemisiae argyi, citronella, basil, eucalyptus bark and cypress leaves according to the weight ratio of 3: 5: 8: 6: 2, soaking the mixture in a sodium chloride solution with the mass concentration of 30% for 8 hours, taking out the mixture, draining the mixture, freezing the mixture in a freezing chamber with the temperature of below 20 ℃ below zero for 40 minutes, crushing the mixture into plant mixed powder by adopting ultrasonic waves, and performing leakage extraction on the plant mixed powder by adopting ethanol as a solvent at the speed, concentrating the obtained extractive solution at 80 deg.C to 1/10 of original volume to obtain plant extract, and performing percolation extraction with 12ml ethanol for each 1g plant mixed powder.
Example 2
As shown in the figure, a cave-type mountain forest protection cabin is characterized in that a cave dug on a mountain side wall 1 is adopted as a main body of the cabin, when the cave is dug, a boss can be directly reserved in the cave to serve as a bed or a table and the like, a moisture-proof heat-preservation wall 2 is arranged close to the inner wall of the cave, a door panel is arranged at the entrance of the cave, the moisture-proof heat-preservation wall 2 is of a multilayer structure, and an aluminum alloy layer 201, a adobe layer 202, a dead branch and fallen leaf layer 203, a broken powder filling layer 204 and a wood board layer 205 are sequentially arranged from the inner wall of the cave to the outside, in general, the aluminum alloy layer 201 can be replaced by other metals, such as sheet iron, and the like, the thickness is generally 2mm, the thickness of the adobe layer 202 is 15cm, the thickness of the dead branch and fallen leaf layer 203 is 20cm, the thickness of the broken powder filling layer 204 is 10cm, and the wood board; the soil base layer 202 is a wall body formed by building bricks which are prepared by adding weeds and water into clay and mixing the weeds and the water, drying the bricks and piling the bricks, the dead branch and fallen leaf layer 203 is formed by collecting dead branch and fallen leaves in a tree and stacking the dead branch and fallen leaves after drying the dead branch and fallen leaves, and the powder filling layer 204 is formed by mixing plant ash, quicklime and dried sawdust according to the weight ratio of 2: 7: 30 and then pressing the mixture.
The above is the embodiment of the present invention, and further optimization, improvement and limitation can be made on the basis of the above:
for example, a ventilation pipe 5 communicating the cave with the outside is arranged above the door panel, one end of the ventilation pipe 5 extending out of the cave is inclined downwards and sealed to form a downward inclined dripping eave 501, and the bottommost end of the dripping eave 501 and the bottom end of the end part of the ventilation pipe 5 form an upward inclined slope; the bottom of the ventilation pipe 5, which is positioned at the outer part of the cave, is densely provided with ventilation holes, one end of the ventilation pipe 5, which is positioned in the cave, is provided with a ventilation fan 502, the ventilation fan 502 is driven by a storage battery 11 to work, and the electric quantity of the storage battery 11 is provided by a solar cell panel 10 arranged outside the cave; for another example, a fireplace 6 is arranged in the cave close to the inlet, an air inlet channel 7 is arranged below the grate plate 601 at the bottom of the fireplace 6, the air inlet channel 7 is inclined downwards and communicated with the outside through a protective steel mesh 8, an arc-shaped ash falling pool 701 is arranged at the position, close to the protective steel mesh 8, of the air inlet channel 7, and the protective steel mesh 8 can be detached, so that accumulated ash in the arc-shaped ash falling pool 701 can be cleaned conveniently; the fireplace 6 is provided with a smoke exhaust pipeline 9, the smoke exhaust pipeline 9 extends out of the cave after being bent and arranged in the powder filling layer 204 or the dead branch and fallen leaf layer 203, one end of the smoke exhaust pipeline extending out of the cave is inclined downwards, and a metal wire mesh 902 is arranged at the position of a pipeline opening;
furthermore, a metal sliding plate 702 is slidably arranged at the bottom of the air inlet channel 7, the sliding plate 702 is located below the grid plate 601, one side of the sliding plate is provided with an inclined side edge, the side edge is tightly attached to the side wall of the bottom of the fireplace 6 under the action of a spring 703, so that plant ash leaked from the grid plate 601 is guided to fall onto the sliding plate 702, the bottom of the sliding plate 702 is connected with a pull ring 704 through a pull rope penetrating through a protective steel mesh 8, and the pull ring 704 is located outside the protective steel mesh 8, so that a person can pull the pull ring 704 to drive the sliding plate 702 to slide in the air inlet channel 7, and the plant ash on the sliding plate can fall into the arc-shaped ash falling pool 701 and then return to the original position under the action of;
further, the smoke exhaust pipes 9 are arranged on the ground in an S shape back and forth, and then pass through the side walls and the top wall along straight lines to be exhausted; or the smoke exhaust pipeline 9 can also be a plurality of pipelines led out from the fireplace 6, and finally the smoke exhaust pipeline is converged into one pipeline on the top wall of the cave to be exhausted;
furthermore, an inclined air supply pipe 901 connected with the blower 4 is arranged on the exhaust pipe 9, so that the blower 4 drives the air in the exhaust pipe 9 to be exhausted, the blower 4 is driven by a storage battery 11 to work, and the electric quantity of the storage battery 11 is provided by a solar cell panel 10 arranged outside the cave;
furthermore, the surface of the smoke exhaust pipe 9 in the rag filling layer 204 or the withered branch and fallen leaves layer 203 is coated with bacteriostatic agent, according to the weight ratio, the bacteriostatic agent is formed by mixing 5 parts of chinaberry tree extract, 6 parts of oleander extract, 8 parts of wormwood powder, 5 parts of orange leaf powder, 12 parts of camphor leaf powder, 7 parts of sulfur, 3 parts of rosin and 24 parts of carbon disulfide, wherein the wormwood powder, the orange leaf powder and the camphor leaf powder are fine powder with the particle size not exceeding 200 meshes after being dried and ground into green leaves of wormwood, orange leaves and camphor leaves, the preparation methods of the chinaberry tree extract and the oleander extract are that chinaberry bark and the oleander leaves are respectively soaked in sodium chloride solution with the mass concentration of 30% for 8 hours, the mixture is taken out, drained and then put into a freezing chamber with the temperature of-20 ℃ for freezing for 60min, and then the mixture is crushed into chinaberry tree powder and oleander powder by adopting ultrasonic waves, then respectively carrying out leakage extraction on the chinaberry tree extract and the oleander extract by adopting ethanol as a solvent at the speed of 2ml/min, concentrating the obtained extracting solution to 1/10 of the original volume at the temperature of 85 ℃ to obtain the chinaberry tree extract and the oleander extract, wherein during leakage extraction, the ratio of the chinaberry tree powder to the oleander powder to the ethanol is 16ml of ethanol corresponding to each 1g of the chinaberry tree powder to the oleander powder;
for another example, an anticorrosive coating 3 is arranged between the aluminum alloy layer 201 and the inner wall of the cave, and the anticorrosive coating 3 is formed by uniformly mixing and pressing an adhesive, calcium oxide, diatomite and caustic sludge discharged in the alkaline preparation process by an ammonium-alkali method according to the proportion of 20: 40: 10: 30; the preparation method of the adhesive comprises the steps of drying pig manure, grinding the dried pig manure into powder, mixing the powder with water which is 10 times of the weight of the pig manure, adding diethylhydroxylamine which is 4% of the weight of the pig manure, boiling the pig manure for 10min under the condition of isolating air, cooling and filtering the pig manure to obtain filtrate, concentrating the filtrate to 20% of the original volume, and finally mixing the concentrated solution and modified starch in a weight ratio of 9: 2 to obtain the adhesive; the preparation method of the modified starch comprises the steps of adding starch into water which is 5 times of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, then adding a tin coupling agent which accounts for 10% of the weight of the starch, adjusting the pH value to 5 by using sulfuric acid, then adding an eucommia ulmoides extract which accounts for 3% of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 65 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3 hours, finally adding stearic acid which accounts for 5% of the weight of the starch, uniformly stirring, and drying at 110 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified starch; the eucommia ulmoides extract is powder obtained by boiling eucommia ulmoides leaves in water for 30min, filtering solid residues, evaporating filtrate to dryness;
further, during the preparation of the eucommia ulmoides extract, firstly, the eucommia ulmoides leaves are treated as follows:
1) cleaning folium Eucommiae with water, soaking in 30% sodium chloride solution for 2h, taking out, soaking in 35% sodium hydroxide solution for 20min, taking out, and washing with clear water;
wherein, after the eucommia leaves are soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution for 10min, the solution is subjected to microwave treatment with the power of 400W for 2 min;
2) soaking the eucommia ulmoides leaves washed clean by the clean water in the step 1) in clean water which is 5 times of the weight of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, then adding cellulase which is 1% of the weight of the eucommia ulmoides leaves into the eucommia ulmoides leaves, standing the eucommia ulmoides leaves for 4 hours, fishing out the eucommia ulmoides leaves, and then cleaning the eucommia ulmoides leaves by the clean water to finish the treatment of the eucommia ulmoides leaves;
for another example, the powder filling layer 204 further contains mixed powder obtained by mixing and crushing basil, citronella and eucalyptus leaves according to the weight ratio of 10: 7: 14, and the mass of the mixed powder is 40% of that of the sawdust;
finally, the surface of the aluminum alloy layer 201, which is close to the inner wall of the hole, is coated with an insect-proof paint, the insect-proof paint is prepared by adding an insect-proof functional component with the weight of 8% of that of the paint into the paint, and the insect-proof functional component is prepared by mixing 9 parts of plant extract, 7 parts of sulfur, 5 parts of rosin, 12 parts of alcohol and 22 parts of carbon disulfide according to the weight ratio, wherein the preparation method of the plant extract comprises the steps of mixing folium artemisiae argyi, citronella, basil, eucalyptus bark and cypress leaves according to the weight ratio of 4: 7: 9: 8: 3, soaking the mixture in a sodium chloride solution with the mass concentration of 30% for 10 hours, taking out the mixture, draining the mixture, freezing the mixture in a freezing chamber with the temperature of below 20 ℃ below zero for 60 minutes, crushing the mixture into plant mixed powder by adopting ultrasonic waves, performing leakage extraction on the plant mixed powder by adopting ethanol as a solvent at the speed of 2ml, and concentrating the obtained extractive solution at 85 deg.C to 1/10 of original volume to obtain plant extract, wherein the ratio of plant mixed powder to ethanol is 16ml for each 1g plant mixed powder during leakage extraction.
Example 3
As shown in the figure, a cave-type mountain forest protection cabin is characterized in that a cave dug on a mountain side wall 1 is adopted as a main body of the cabin, when the cave is dug, a boss can be directly reserved in the cave to serve as a bed or a table and the like, a moisture-proof heat-preservation wall 2 is arranged close to the inner wall of the cave, a door panel is arranged at the entrance of the cave, the moisture-proof heat-preservation wall 2 is of a multilayer structure, and an aluminum alloy layer 201, a adobe layer 202, a dead branch and fallen leaf layer 203, a broken powder filling layer 204 and a wood panel layer 205 are sequentially arranged from the inner wall of the cave to the outside, in general, the aluminum alloy layer 201 can be replaced by other metals, such as sheet iron and the like, the thickness is generally 2mm, the thickness of the adobe layer 202 is 10cm, the thickness of the dead branch and fallen leaf layer 203 is 15cm, the thickness of the broken powder filling layer 204 is 8cm, and the wood panel layer; the soil base layer 202 is a wall body formed by building bricks which are prepared by adding weeds and water into clay and mixing the weeds and the water, drying the bricks and piling the bricks, the dead branch and fallen leaf layer 203 is formed by collecting dead branch and fallen leaves in a tree and stacking the dead branch and fallen leaves after drying the dead branch and fallen leaves, and the powder filling layer 204 is formed by mixing plant ash, quicklime and dried sawdust according to the weight ratio of 1.5: 6: 25 and then pressing the mixture.
The above is the embodiment of the present invention, and further optimization, improvement and limitation can be made on the basis of the above:
for example, a ventilation pipe 5 communicating the cave with the outside is arranged above the door panel, one end of the ventilation pipe 5 extending out of the cave is inclined downwards and sealed to form a downward inclined dripping eave 501, and the bottommost end of the dripping eave 501 and the bottom end of the end part of the ventilation pipe 5 form an upward inclined slope; the bottom of the ventilation pipe 5, which is positioned at the outer part of the cave, is densely provided with ventilation holes, one end of the ventilation pipe 5, which is positioned in the cave, is provided with a ventilation fan 502, the ventilation fan 502 is driven by a storage battery 11 to work, and the electric quantity of the storage battery 11 is provided by a solar cell panel 10 arranged outside the cave; for another example, a fireplace 6 is arranged in the cave close to the inlet, an air inlet channel 7 is arranged below the grate plate 601 at the bottom of the fireplace 6, the air inlet channel 7 is inclined downwards and communicated with the outside through a protective steel mesh 8, an arc-shaped ash falling pool 701 is arranged at the position, close to the protective steel mesh 8, of the air inlet channel 7, and the protective steel mesh 8 can be detached, so that accumulated ash in the arc-shaped ash falling pool 701 can be cleaned conveniently; the fireplace 6 is provided with a smoke exhaust pipeline 9, the smoke exhaust pipeline 9 extends out of the cave after being bent and arranged in the powder filling layer 204 or the dead branch and fallen leaf layer 203, one end of the smoke exhaust pipeline extending out of the cave is inclined downwards, and a metal wire mesh 902 is arranged at the position of a pipeline opening;
furthermore, a metal sliding plate 702 is slidably arranged at the bottom of the air inlet channel 7, the sliding plate 702 is located below the grid plate 601, one side of the sliding plate is provided with an inclined side edge, the side edge is tightly attached to the side wall of the bottom of the fireplace 6 under the action of a spring 703, so that plant ash leaked from the grid plate 601 is guided to fall onto the sliding plate 702, the bottom of the sliding plate 702 is connected with a pull ring 704 through a pull rope penetrating through a protective steel mesh 8, and the pull ring 704 is located outside the protective steel mesh 8, so that a person can pull the pull ring 704 to drive the sliding plate 702 to slide in the air inlet channel 7, and the plant ash on the sliding plate can fall into the arc-shaped ash falling pool 701 and then return to the original position under the action of;
further, the smoke exhaust pipes 9 are arranged on the ground in an S shape back and forth, and then pass through the side walls and the top wall along straight lines to be exhausted; or the smoke exhaust pipeline 9 can also be a plurality of pipelines led out from the fireplace 6, and finally the smoke exhaust pipeline is converged into one pipeline on the top wall of the cave to be exhausted;
furthermore, an inclined air supply pipe 901 connected with the blower 4 is arranged on the exhaust pipe 9, so that the blower 4 drives the air in the exhaust pipe 9 to be exhausted, the blower 4 is driven by a storage battery 11 to work, and the electric quantity of the storage battery 11 is provided by a solar cell panel 10 arranged outside the cave;
furthermore, the surface of the smoke exhaust pipe 9 in the powder filling layer 204 or the withered branch and fallen leaf layer 203 is coated with a bacteriostatic agent, according to the weight ratio, the bacteriostatic agent is formed by mixing 4 parts of chinaberry extract, 5 parts of oleander extract, 7.5 parts of wormwood powder, 4.5 parts of orange leaf powder, 10 parts of camphor leaf powder, 6 parts of sulfur, 2.5 parts of rosin and 20 parts of carbon disulfide, wherein the wormwood powder, the orange leaf powder and the camphor leaf powder are fine powder with the particle size not exceeding 200 meshes which is formed by drying and grinding green leaves of wormwood, orange leaves and camphor leaves, the preparation method of the chinaberry extract and the oleander extract is that chinaberry bark and the oleander leaves are respectively soaked in a sodium chloride solution with the mass concentration of 30% for 6-8 hours, the mixture is put into a freezing chamber with the temperature of-20 ℃ after being taken out and drained and frozen for 45 minutes, and then the chinaberry bark and the oleander powder are prepared by crushing by adopting ultrasonic waves, then respectively carrying out leakage extraction on the chinaberry tree extract and the oleander extract by using ethanol as a solvent at the speed of 1.5ml/min, concentrating the obtained extracting solution at 83 ℃ to 1/10 of the original volume to obtain the chinaberry tree extract and the oleander extract, wherein during leakage extraction, the ratio of the chinaberry tree powder to the oleander powder to the ethanol is 14ml of ethanol corresponding to each 1g of the chinaberry tree powder to the oleander powder;
for another example, an anticorrosive coating 3 is arranged between the aluminum alloy layer 201 and the inner wall of the cave, and the anticorrosive coating 3 is formed by uniformly mixing and pressing an adhesive, calcium oxide, diatomite and caustic sludge discharged in the alkaline preparation process by an ammonium-alkali method according to the proportion of 15: 35: 7.5: 25; the preparation method of the adhesive comprises the steps of drying pig manure, grinding the dried pig manure into powder, mixing the powder with water with the weight 9 times that of the pig manure, adding diethylhydroxylamine with the weight 3-4% of that of the pig manure, boiling the pig manure for 8min under the condition of air isolation, cooling and filtering the pig manure to obtain filtrate, concentrating the filtrate to 20% of the original volume, and finally mixing the concentrated solution and modified starch in a weight ratio of 8: 1.5 to obtain the adhesive; the preparation method of the modified starch comprises the steps of adding the starch into water which is 4 times of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, then adding a tin coupling agent which accounts for 9% of the weight of the starch, adjusting the pH value to 4.5 by using sulfuric acid, then adding an eucommia ulmoides extract which accounts for 2% of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 63 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2.5 hours, finally adding stearic acid which accounts for 4.5% of the weight of the starch, uniformly stirring, and drying at 105 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified starch; the eucommia ulmoides extract is powder obtained by boiling eucommia ulmoides leaves in water for 25min, filtering solid residues, evaporating filtrate to dryness;
further, during the preparation of the eucommia ulmoides extract, firstly, the eucommia ulmoides leaves are treated as follows:
1) cleaning folium Eucommiae with water, soaking in 30% sodium chloride solution for 2h, taking out, soaking in 35% sodium hydroxide solution for 20min, taking out, and washing with clear water;
wherein, after the eucommia leaves are soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution for 10min, the solution is subjected to microwave treatment with the power of 400W for 2 min;
2) soaking the eucommia ulmoides leaves washed clean by the clean water in the step 1) in clean water 4 times of the weight of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, then adding cellulase 1% of the weight of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, standing for 3.5 hours, fishing out the eucommia ulmoides leaves, and then cleaning the eucommia ulmoides leaves by the clean water to finish the treatment of the eucommia ulmoides leaves;
for another example, the sawdust filling layer 204 also contains mixed powder obtained by mixing and crushing basil, citronella and eucalyptus leaves according to the weight ratio of 9: 6: 13, and the mass of the mixed powder is 30% of that of the sawdust;
finally, the surface of the aluminum alloy layer 201, which is close to the inner wall of the hole, is coated with insect-proof paint, the insect-proof paint is prepared by adding insect-proof functional components with the weight of 6% of that of the paint into the paint, and the insect-proof functional components are prepared by mixing 8 parts of plant extract, 6 parts of sulfur, 4 parts of rosin, 11 parts of alcohol and 20 parts of carbon disulfide according to the weight ratio, wherein the preparation method of the plant extract comprises the steps of mixing folium artemisiae argyi, citronella, basil, eucalyptus bark and cypress leaves according to the weight ratio of 3.5: 6: 8.5: 7: 2.5, soaking the mixture in a sodium chloride solution with the mass concentration of 30% for 9 hours, taking out the mixture, draining the mixture, freezing the mixture in a freezing chamber with the temperature below-20 ℃ for 50 minutes, crushing the mixture into plant mixed powder by adopting ultrasonic waves, then using ethanol as a solvent, and carrying out leakage extraction on the plant mixed powder at the speed of 1.5, and concentrating the obtained extractive solution at 83 deg.C to 1/10 of original volume to obtain plant extract, wherein the ratio of plant mixed powder to ethanol is 14ml for each 1g plant mixed powder during percolating extraction.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a cave dwelling place formula mountain area protects forest cabin, the cave of digging on the main part of this cabin is a massif lateral wall (1), and pastes the inner wall in tight cave and set up dampproofing cold-proof wall (2), is provided with door plant, its characterized in that at the entry in cave: the damp-proof and warm-keeping wall (2) is of a multilayer structure and is formed by sequentially arranging an aluminum alloy layer (201), a soil blank layer (202), a dry branch and fallen leaf layer (203), a powder filling layer (204) and a wood board layer (205) from the inner wall of a tightly adhered cave to the outside, wherein the soil blank layer (202) is formed by adding weeds and water into clay and mixing the mixture to prepare a brick blank, drying the brick blank, stacking the brick blank, the dry branch and fallen leaf layer (203) is formed by collecting dry branch and fallen leaves in a tree, drying and stacking the dry branch and fallen leaves, and the powder filling layer (204) is formed by mixing and pressing plant ash, quicklime and dried sawdust according to the weight ratio of 1-2: 5-7: 20-30; an air exchange pipe (5) communicated with the cave and the outside is arranged above the door plate, one end, extending out of the cave, of the air exchange pipe (5) inclines downwards and forms a downward-inclined dripping eave (501), and the bottommost end of the dripping eave (501) and the bottom end of the end part of the air exchange pipe (5) form an upward-inclined slope; the bottom of the ventilation pipe (5) positioned at the outer part of the cave is densely provided with ventilation holes, one end of the ventilation pipe (5) positioned in the cave is provided with a ventilation fan (502), the ventilation fan (502) is driven by a storage battery (11) to work, and the electric quantity of the storage battery (11) is provided by a solar cell panel (10) arranged outside the cave; a fireplace (6) is arranged in the cave close to the inlet, an air inlet channel (7) is arranged below a grate plate (601) at the bottom of the fireplace (6), the air inlet channel (7) inclines downwards and is communicated with the outside through a protective steel mesh (8), and an arc-shaped ash falling pool (701) is arranged at the position, close to the protective steel mesh (8), of the air inlet channel (7); the fireplace (6) is provided with a smoke discharge pipeline (9), the smoke discharge pipeline (9) is bent and arranged in the chopped powder filling layer (204) or the dead branch and fallen leaf layer (203) and then extends out of the cave, one end of the smoke discharge pipeline extending out of the cave is inclined downwards, and a metal wire mesh (902) is arranged at the position of a pipeline opening; an inclined air supply pipe (901) connected with the blower (4) is arranged on the smoke exhaust pipeline (9) so that the blower (4) can urge the gas in the smoke exhaust pipeline (9) to be exhausted, the blower (4) is driven to work by a storage battery (11), and the electric quantity of the storage battery (11) is provided by a solar cell panel (10) arranged outside the cave.
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| CN201810991266.5A CN109057000B (en) | 2017-04-17 | 2017-04-17 | Cave dwelling type mountain forest protection cabin |
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| CN201810991266.5A CN109057000B (en) | 2017-04-17 | 2017-04-17 | Cave dwelling type mountain forest protection cabin |
| CN201710264429.5A CN106906899B (en) | 2017-04-17 | 2017-04-17 | A kind of cave type mountain area is protected a forest cabin |
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| JP2001248244A (en) * | 2000-03-06 | 2001-09-14 | Densho:Kk | Underfloor ventilation method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109057000A (en) | 2018-12-21 |
| CN106906899B (en) | 2018-11-16 |
| CN106906899A (en) | 2017-06-30 |
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