CN105432263A - Riprap temperature control cave for freshness keeping of fruits and vegetables stored in loess plateau - Google Patents
Riprap temperature control cave for freshness keeping of fruits and vegetables stored in loess plateau Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105432263A CN105432263A CN201510919209.2A CN201510919209A CN105432263A CN 105432263 A CN105432263 A CN 105432263A CN 201510919209 A CN201510919209 A CN 201510919209A CN 105432263 A CN105432263 A CN 105432263A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- cave
- stone layer
- block stone
- cave dwelling
- vegetables
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
- A01F25/14—Containers specially adapted for storing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
- A01F25/16—Arrangements in forage silos
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
- A01F25/16—Arrangements in forage silos
- A01F25/22—Ventilating arrangements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/51—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for storing agricultural or horticultural products
Abstract
The invention relates to a riprap temperature control cave for freshness keeping of fruits and vegetables stored in the loess plateau. The riprap temperature control cave is structurally characterized in that a soil layer on the top of an existing cave in the loess plateau is dug out, the top of the cave is filled with a dimension stone layer to form a trapezoid shape and an open boundary, the dimension stone grain size is controlled to be 22-30 cm, the strength is 30-35 MPa, and the void content is 25-30%. A waterproof and breathable film is laid on the upper middle portion of the dimension stone layer so that rain can be prevented from falling into the cave. A vertical ventilation chimney is arranged on the dimension stone layer and is vertically 1.5-2 m higher than the top of the cave, the caliber of the chimney is 20-30 cm, and detachable asbestosed wire gauze cloth is laid on the dimension stone layer. The cave for freshness keeping and overwintering of fruits and vegetables is provided according to the characteristics of freshness keeping caves for fruits and vegetables in the loess plateau and through the organic combination with the winter cooling and cold accumulation efficacy of a riprap layer and the chimney effect, and the requirement for overwintering and freshness keeping of fruit and vegetables in the loess plateau region is met; meanwhile, the riprap temperature control cave has the advantages of being low in manufacturing cost, easy to construct and convenient to maintain, solves difficulty and problems in production and life of farmers in the region, and has good social and economic benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the jackstone temperature control cave dwelling of a kind of loess plateau storage preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing.
Background technology
About there is 4,700,000, nature organizational system village Loess Plateau, peasant's population 3,733 ten thousand, effective arable area 150,000 km
2.Since two thousand, along with country concede the land to forestry and featured agriculture policy implement and win initial success, annual fruits and vegetables good harvest in autumn, but because mountainous area of the Loess Plateau has inconvenient traffic, the reasons such as information is inaccessible, a large amount of fruits and vegetables are unsalable, need fresh-keeping to next spring, to obtain larger life, economic benefits.Therefore, local orchard worker, vegetable grower gather materials on the spot, and build cave dwelling by the mountain, survive the winter for preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing, but due to the insulation effect of loess formation, make cave dwelling in the whole year, be in the state of " cool in summer and warm in winter ", be difficult to the low temperature requirements meeting preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing, fruit, vegetables easily generate heat in the process stored in addition, give out a large amount of ripening gas, as long as have a strain or fruits and vegetables to rot, other fruits and vegetables will be caused to accelerate to rot, form Domino effect.Huge property loss is caused to local people.In recent years, develop a kind of new-type fresh-keeping cave dwelling on this basis, namely in original cave dwelling, extension one or several air conditioner refrigeratings are increased, to meet the effect of preservation by low temperature, but large owing to storing cave dwelling area, refrigeration requires to be difficult to meet, even if requirement of low temperature can be reached by adding increasing air-conditioning quantity, but on the one hand because the Financial cost of air-conditioning is high, and need electricity consumption always, energy consumption is higher, the more difficult acceptance of peasant; On the other hand owing to easily getting damp summer in cave dwelling, and fresh-keeping cave dwelling does not have fruits and vegetables to store during this period of time, and air-conditioning is in idle state.For a long time need not, easily damage, maintenance cost is higher.In addition, added air in the cave dwelling after air-conditioning and do not flowed, the ripening gas volatilized when still making fruits and vegetables ripe is difficult to effective volatilization, accelerates the ripe speed of fruits and vegetables, so that rots in a large number.
At present, also have a kind of more common warming plate steel construction+large-scale refrigeration plant fresh-keeping ice house arrived, although can refrigeration be reached, the fresh-keeping demand of ventilation, 1) high (1.5 ten thousand/m of cost
3), i.e. a 100m
3steel construction fresh-keeping ice house cost is at about 1,500,000 yuan, and common orchard worker, vegetable grower are difficult to build, and have to be used by the mode of renting.In recent years, due to reasons such as price, labor wage rises, rates sharp rises, reach 600 yuan/ton/month, calculated by 6 months, the rates of fruits and vegetables per ton reaches 3600 yuan, has greatly raised the selling cost of fruits and vegetables, add the burden of peasant, often cause a lot of peasant to feel not calculate, when fruits and vegetables purchasing price is not high in the fall, a large amount of fruits and vegetables rot in field, and nobody plucks, great strike, injure the enthusiasm for production of peasant, cause bad social influence; 2) staff on duty is needed; 3) demand of the large-scale refrigeration plant energy is comparatively large, with a 100m
3steel construction freezer be example, per hour at about 1000KW; 4) domestic large-scale refrigeration plant great majority adopt R21 freon refrigeration (cheap), pollute larger to air; 5) this steel construction insulation material freezer, service life is shorter, and discarded warming plate is difficult in rural area, loess plateau recycle, and forms a large amount of waste plasticss, contaminated environment.Therefore, need one badly and can meet preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing and survive the winter, fresh-keeping facility of surviving the winter economical and practical again, to meet a large amount of orchard worker in this area, the production of vegetable grower, life requirement, promotes local rural ecological civilization construction.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned, the present invention is according to loess plateau cave dwelling feature, organically to lower the temperature winter cold-storage usefulness in conjunction with riprap layer, aim to provide a kind of loess plateau jackstone temperature control preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing cave dwelling, reach Loess Plateau fruits and vegetables to survive the winter fresh-keeping demand, solve the difficulty in this area peasant productive life and a difficult problem, to obtaining good society, economic benefits.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A jackstone temperature control cave dwelling for loess plateau storage preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing is made up of ventilation chimney, folding heat-insulation layer, block stone layer, waterproof ventilated membrane, scupper, wicket, cave dwelling, kiln face, temperature detect switch (TDS), temp probe, reinforcing steel beam support and steel wire.Excavate cave dwelling top, original loess plateau soil layer, wicket, by strengthening of steel bridge, is furnished with in kiln and reinforces reinforcing steel beam support, girder steel support is covered with steel wire, and it is trapezoidal for being filled with block stone layer at cave dwelling top, and block stone particle diameter is 12-30cm, block stone intensity is 30-35MPa, and voidage is 25%-30%; Be respectively equipped with temp probe in kiln and on block stone layer, folding asbestos screen cloth is equipped with temperature detect switch (TDS); Install vertical air chimney in block stone layer, chimney is vertical and exceed block stone layer top 1.5-2.0m, chimney bore 20-30cm; Above block stone layer, be covered with waterproof ventilated membrane, waterproof ventilated membrane block stone layer laid one deck asbestos screen cloth, and along block stone layer toe face extended spot, kiln face is provided with scupper.
Operation principle of the present invention:
The present invention makes full use of the aeration-cooling effect of riprap layer, in conjunction with " stack effect ", improves the heat convection speed in whole cave dwelling on the one hand, enhances again the refrigeration of cave dwelling inside on the other hand.Season (early or mid October ~ mid or late April next year) is used at cave dwelling, when outside air temperature is lower than in cave dwelling during temperature, cave dwelling top riprap layer occurs that upper temp is lower than bottom, atmospheric density is up big and down small, and under the effect of gravity and buoyancy, hot inside air is discharged from jackstone gap and chimney, cool ambient air fills into from the riprap layer of both sides, cave dwelling top, outside " cold " is brought in cave dwelling by the flowing of air, heat is taken out of simultaneously, thus realizes the cooling effect to cave dwelling inside.When temperature in cave dwelling reaches fruit, vegetables optimal anti-staling temperature, temperature detect switch (TDS) is given an order, and folding heat-insulation layer covers riprap layer top, stops riprap layer to continue cooling to cave dwelling; When outside air temperature is higher than in cave dwelling during temperature, because riprap layer upper temp is higher than bottom, atmospheric density is up big and down small, air occurs without convection current, simultaneously due to the good heat shield effect of riprap layer, effectively can intercept the intrusion of external heat, temperature in cave dwelling can not be raised, realize temperature in cave dwelling and remain on fruit, vegetables optimal anti-staling temperature (see Fig. 3).
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are:
1: Financial cost is lower.The present invention's design is gathered materials on the spot, and construction process is simple.After applying, estimated cost is about 20,000 yuan, within the scope of common household economy ability to bear.After building up, later maintenance expense is low, does not need special messenger to nurse.
2: fresh keeping time and temperature satisfy the demands
The Loess Plateau preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing time is generally in 10 months, in 4 months of the last ten-days period to next year, the last ten-days period.
Loess plateau belongs to seasonal frozen soil region in geographical distribution, and winter temperature is lower, the surface soil depth of freezing 20 ~ 40cm, duration 90 ~ 135d.For the Zhengning County 2009 ~ 2014 years of Hinterland of Huangtu Plateau, the winter before 15 ~ January of October 15(), 2m meteorological tower mean temperature of air-2.7 DEG C, day and night temperature is large.Winter after 15 ~ April of January 15(), 2m meteorological tower mean temperature of air 2.2 DEG C, day and night temperature is little, i.e. so-called " the front winter is cold, and the rear winter warms up ".According to this boundary condition, the present invention utilizes cave dwelling structural feature, and time different, secondary closing reach the front winter " temperature-reducing heating "---and the temperature that before utilizing, the winter is lower, makes temperature in cave dwelling be reduced to optimal anti-staling temperature, but prevent temperature too low again, frostbite is caused to fruits and vegetables; Rear winter " thermal insulation cold-storage "---the rear winter, extraneous daytime temperature was average higher, carry out cold-storage, cold insulation work.For this two arbitrary boundary conditions, design jackstone cave dwelling carry out temperature field simulation test to the present invention, result shows that in novel jackstone cave dwelling, temperature front winter, rear winter are respectively: 0.62 DEG C, 1.5 DEG C.Preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing is survived the winter between temperature General Requirements-3 DEG C ~+3 DEG C, and according to analog result, the novel jackstone roadbed of the design meets preservation temperature demand completely.
3: ventilation condition is good, reach fruit, the fresh-keeping demand of surviving the winter of vegetables
Really, store again after vegetables maturation in process, can exhale a kind of ripening gas, certain density this gas causes other fruits and vegetables hasting of maturity, rots, and the present invention's design has good ventilating convection condition, can meet the ventilation requirement of fruits and vegetables storage completely.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is cross section of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention reinforces schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is fundamental diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 temperature variation that is the present invention after Ma Bao village, Tun Zi town, Zhenyuan County, Qingyang City, Gansu Province implements to build up in cave dwelling.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, will be described further again technical solution of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1-2, the jackstone temperature control cave dwelling of loess plateau storage preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing, by ventilation chimney 1, folding asbestos screen cloth 2, block stone layer 3, waterproof ventilated membrane 4, scupper 5, wicket (girder steel) 6, cave dwelling 7, kiln face (massif) 8, temperature detect switch (TDS) 9, temp probe 10, reinforcing steel beam support (I-steel) 11, steel wire 12 is formed, excavate cave dwelling 7 top, original loess plateau soil layer, it is characterized in that wicket 6 is by strengthening of steel bridge, reinforcing steel beam support (I-steel) 11 is furnished with in kiln, girder steel support (I-steel) 11 is covered with steel wire 12, in order to avoid the block stone at cave dwelling top drops.Be filled with the thick block stone layer of 1.5m ~ 1.8m 3 at cave dwelling 7 top in trapezoidal, form open boundary, block stone particle diameter is 12-30cm, and block stone intensity is 30-35MPa, and voidage is 25%-30%; Be respectively equipped with temp probe 10 in kiln and on block stone layer 3, folding asbestos screen cloth 2 is equipped with temperature detect switch (TDS) 9; Install vertical air chimney 1 in block stone layer 3, chimney 1 is vertical and exceed block stone layer 3 top 1.5-2.0m, chimney bore 20-30cm; Make that chimney bottom and block stone layer are through to be connected, be beneficial to the inside and outside air exchange of cave dwelling; Above block stone layer 3,1.2m highly overlays the thick waterproof ventilated membrane 4 of one deck 2cm, immerses in cave dwelling to prevent precipitation.Waterproof ventilated membrane 4 block stone layer is laid the thick folding asbestos screen cloth 2 of one deck 5cm, after reaching fruit, vegetables optimal anti-staling temperature for stoping temperature in cave dwelling, riprap layer continues to lower the temperature in cave dwelling.Along the wide place of horizontal-extending 1.0m, position, block stone layer 3 toe face, kiln face (massif) 8 is provided with scupper 5, is expelled from kiln by sleet water, ensures the safety of cave dwelling.
Season (early or mid October ~ mid or late April next year) is used at cave dwelling, namely when fruits and vegetables enter kiln, when ambient temperature is lower than in cave dwelling 7 during temperature, folding asbestos screen cloth 2 opened by temperature detect switch (TDS) 9, building block rock layers 3 utilizes jackstone convection effect to lower the temperature in cave dwelling 7, when 7 temperature in cave dwelling reach best fruit, vegetables preservation temperature, 9. component temperature detect switch (TDS) gives an order, the folding heat-insulation layer of enclosed member.Component ventilation chimney 1 utilizes self-priming effect, in cave dwelling 7, outer air exchanges.When temperature in cave dwelling 7 higher than fruit, vegetables preservation temperature and lower than the external world time, folding asbestos screen cloth 2 opened by temperature detect switch (TDS) 9, to lowering the temperature in cave dwelling 7, cyclic like this.Member temperature 10 pairs of cave dwelling inner air and outer air temperature of popping one's head in are monitored, data import into component temperature detect switch (TDS) 9 to control folding asbestos screen cloth 2 opening and closed, thus reach the object controlling temperature in cave dwelling 7.
In order to verify the reasonability of the present invention in the preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing cave dwelling design ap-plication of loess plateau and validity, the present invention carries out construction and to go forward side by side line trace observation experiment (see figure 4) at scene, Ma Bao village, Tun Zi town, Zhenyuan County, Qingyang City, Gansu Province.Pass through observation experiment, the present invention effectively reduces the temperature in fruit, the fresh-keeping cave dwelling of vegetables, during April 15 15 to 2013 years October in 2012, in cave dwelling, temperature remains between-2.6 DEG C ~ 2.7 DEG C and floats, and meets fruit completely, vegetables survive the winter fresh-keeping temperature, time demand.
Claims (1)
1. the jackstone temperature control cave dwelling of a loess plateau storage preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing, by ventilation chimney (1), folding asbestos screen cloth (2), block stone layer (3), waterproof ventilated membrane (4), scupper (5), wicket (6), cave dwelling (7), kiln face (8), temperature detect switch (TDS) (9), temp probe (10), reinforcing steel beam support (11) and steel wire (12) are formed, kiln face (8) excavation cave dwelling (7), it is characterized in that wicket (6) is by strengthening of steel bridge, reinforcing steel beam support (11) is furnished with in kiln, girder steel support (11) is covered with steel wire (12), block stone layer (3) is filled with in trapezoidal at cave dwelling (7) top, block stone particle diameter is 12-30cm, block stone intensity is 30-35MPa, voidage is 25%-30%, be respectively equipped with temp probe (10) in kiln and on block stone layer (3), folding asbestos screen cloth (2) is equipped with temperature detect switch (TDS) (9), install vertical air chimney (1) in block stone layer (3), chimney (1) is vertical and exceed block stone layer (3) top 1.5-2.0m, chimney bore 20-30cm, be covered with waterproof ventilated membrane (4) in block stone layer (3) top, waterproof ventilated membrane (4) block stone layer laid one deck asbestos screen cloth (2), and be provided with scupper (5) along extended spot kiln face, block stone layer (3) toe face (8).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510919209.2A CN105432263A (en) | 2015-12-14 | 2015-12-14 | Riprap temperature control cave for freshness keeping of fruits and vegetables stored in loess plateau |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510919209.2A CN105432263A (en) | 2015-12-14 | 2015-12-14 | Riprap temperature control cave for freshness keeping of fruits and vegetables stored in loess plateau |
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| CN105432263A true CN105432263A (en) | 2016-03-30 |
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| CN201510919209.2A Pending CN105432263A (en) | 2015-12-14 | 2015-12-14 | Riprap temperature control cave for freshness keeping of fruits and vegetables stored in loess plateau |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109057000A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2018-12-21 | 韦秀方 | A kind of cave type mountain area is protected a forest cabin |
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| CN201733640U (en) * | 2010-07-07 | 2011-02-09 | 潘良满 | Straw storing device |
| CN202587971U (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-12-12 | 沈阳农业大学 | Automatic sensing wind gap adjuster for sunlight greenhouse |
| JP2014140386A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-08-07 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | Packaging bag for retaining freshness of vegetable and fruit, package containing vegetable and fruit using the same, and method for retaining freshness of vegetable and fruit |
| CN104620784A (en) * | 2015-02-16 | 2015-05-20 | 依长志 | Constant-temperature cellar used for preserving fruits and vegetables |
| CN204417944U (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-06-24 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A kind of block stone layer+air chimney wide cut road structure |
| CN205249861U (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-05-25 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Store fruit and vegetable fresh -keeping's jackstone accuse temperature cave dwelling |
-
2015
- 2015-12-14 CN CN201510919209.2A patent/CN105432263A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201733640U (en) * | 2010-07-07 | 2011-02-09 | 潘良满 | Straw storing device |
| CN202587971U (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-12-12 | 沈阳农业大学 | Automatic sensing wind gap adjuster for sunlight greenhouse |
| JP2014140386A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-08-07 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | Packaging bag for retaining freshness of vegetable and fruit, package containing vegetable and fruit using the same, and method for retaining freshness of vegetable and fruit |
| CN204417944U (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-06-24 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A kind of block stone layer+air chimney wide cut road structure |
| CN104620784A (en) * | 2015-02-16 | 2015-05-20 | 依长志 | Constant-temperature cellar used for preserving fruits and vegetables |
| CN205249861U (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-05-25 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Store fruit and vegetable fresh -keeping's jackstone accuse temperature cave dwelling |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109057000A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2018-12-21 | 韦秀方 | A kind of cave type mountain area is protected a forest cabin |
| CN109057000B (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2020-05-08 | 诸暨市烈火工业设计工作室 | Cave dwelling type mountain forest protection cabin |
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Application publication date: 20160330 |