CN101785413B - Fumigation material formulation for heat preservation of dry crops and use method thereof - Google Patents
Fumigation material formulation for heat preservation of dry crops and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101785413B CN101785413B CN2010101336134A CN201010133613A CN101785413B CN 101785413 B CN101785413 B CN 101785413B CN 2010101336134 A CN2010101336134 A CN 2010101336134A CN 201010133613 A CN201010133613 A CN 201010133613A CN 101785413 B CN101785413 B CN 101785413B
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Abstract
The invention provides a fumigation material formulation for the heat preservation of dry crops. The raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 50-70% of combustible garbage, 5-15% of dry plant, 10-20% of dry soil, 5-15% of carbon powder or coal powder or solid alcohol and 4-6% of potassium nitrate or sodium nitrate or ammonium nitrate. The use method of the fumigation material formulation for the heat preservation of the dry crops provided by the invention comprises the following steps of: mixing the raw materials in the fumigation material formulation, piling up the raw materials in a dry land into a combustion pile, and combusting the combustion pile to generate smog for performing the heat preservation of the dry crops. The invention provides the fumigation material formulation for the heat preservation of the dry crops and the use method thereof to solve the problems that fumigation raw materials obtained by traditional methods have high cost, generated waste gas pollution to environment and the fruits of plants after being burnt and the like. The raw materials of the invention have wide sources, the combustible garbage is used largely, the wasteis changed into the valuable, the cost is low, the thermal insulation effect is good, and the invention has obvious application value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, more specifically relate to the fumigation material formula and the using method thereof of dry crop insulation.
Background technology
Tropical plants are generally all liked warm chilly, suit to grow in 15.5-35.0 ℃ higher temperature, and cold tolerance is poor, and are responsive to the reaction of low temperature, when running into low temperature, low temperature harm take place easily and the underproduction, even mortality, the economic loss heaviness.Show that from data searching insulation degree, implementation condition and action opportunity that home and abroad defence plant is subjected to lack smoke screen measure quickly and easily in the research of low temperature harm carry out deep experimental study.Research team of the present invention once provided a kind of technology that adopts smoke screen to defend banana low temperature evil (" effect of smoke screen defence banana low temperature evil ", the old person of outstanding talent Zhang Rongyan of family woods two methods in early days; " University Of Agriculture and Forestry In Fujian's journal (natural science edition) " 04 phase in 2003); but the fumigation raw material of wherein using exists the cost height (as to account for half sawdust of raw material; deforestation is unfavorable for protective plant ecology), burning back produces harmful substance such as waste gas (as adopting used oil in the raw material; can cause environmental pollution during burning); fruit of environment and crop etc. there is pollution, is unfavorable for reducing problems such as carbon emission.
Summary of the invention
The fumigation material formula and the using method thereof that the purpose of this invention is to provide the dry crop insulation, solve harmful substances such as there is the cost height in the fumigation raw material in the conventional art, the back generation waste gas that burns, economy such as environment and fruit part there are problems such as pollution, these raw material sources extensively, enrich, be easy to get, use incendivity rubbish in a large number, turn waste into wealth, with low cost, use easy and simple to handlely, high insulating effect has significant application value.
The fumigation material formula of dry crop insulation of the present invention: described raw material comprises according to percentage by weight: incendivity rubbish 50-70%; Dried plant 5-15%; Dry soil 10-20%; Fuel 5-15%, described fuel are one or more fuel in carbon dust, coal dust, the solid alcohol; Potassium nitrate or sodium nitrate or ammonium nitrate 4-6%.
[0005]The using method of a kind of fumigation material formula of dry crop insulation of the present invention: after described each raw material mixing of fumigation prescription material, in the nonirrigated farmland, pile burner reactor, burning produces smog, with smog crop is played the effect of insulation, and the heat that sends that burns can directly improve near the temperature of the crop of burner reactor.
Distinguishing feature of the present invention is:
1, the smog heat of fumigation directly makes temperature raise;
2, the smog of fumigation spreads in the crop top, and smog absorbs terrestrial surface radiation, strengthens atmospheric counter radiation, reduces the effective radiation in ground, reduces the terrestrial surface radiation cooling, prevents crop and soil loss of heat;
3, the soot in the smog increases the nuclei of condensation in the dry crop, and steam condenses on the nuclei of condensation of soot, emits latent heat, improves temperature;
4, the heat that sends of burner reactor burning can directly improve near the temperature of the crop burner reactor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the diagrammatic top view of the stowed location of windrow of the present invention in dry crop, and stain is represented burner reactor among the figure.
Embodiment
Raw material comprises according to percentage by weight: incendivity rubbish 50-70%; Dried plant 5-15%; Dry soil 10-20%; Carbon dust or coal dust or solid alcohol 5-15%; Potassium nitrate or sodium nitrate or ammonium nitrate 4-6%.
Best prescription is, according to percentage by weight: incendivity rubbish 60%; Dried plant 10%; Dry soil 15%; Carbon dust or coal dust or solid alcohol 10%; Potassium nitrate or sodium nitrate or ammonium nitrate 5%.
Incendivity rubbish is one or more mixing in incendivity house refuse, turf, wood chip, husk or the withered and yellow fallen leaves that dry.
Described dried plant is one or more mixing in the straw done, dried straw, dried straw screen or mat, dried withered branch, dried Banana Leaf, dried sugarcane top or the dried bacterium grass.
Described dry soil is ground into the soil that particle diameter is not more than 1cm for shining dry doubling.
The operating procedure of using comprises:
(1) fumigation burner reactor windrow operation, according to described proportioning:
1. incendivity rubbish, carbon dust or coal dust or solid alcohol, potassium nitrate or sodium nitrate or three kinds of raw materials of ammonium nitrate are mixed and mix thoroughly, as the burning fuming material;
2. 20% of dried plant consumption is bundled into bundle, as the post that ignites, dried plant consumption 80% as combustion-supporting material;
3. pile up burner reactor: spread 20% combustion-supporting material on ground, nonirrigated farmland, thickness is 5cm, the post that ignites is erected at the centre of combustion-supporting material, around then 20% burning fuming material being layered on, on the burning fuming material, sprinkle 15% process solarization dry doubling then again and be ground into the dry soil that particle diameter is not more than 1cm, both finished the accumulation of ground floor;
Immediately above ground floor, same recipe according to ground floor, same amount and stacking sequence are piled up three layers again, above the 4th layer, spread 20% combustion-supporting material again, above combustion-supporting material, spread 20% burning fuming material, evenly cover 40% dry soil, and allow the middle post that ignites of burner reactor expose out-pile on above the burning fuming material and the surface of whole burner reactor, so far, burner reactor is piled up and is finished.
After burner reactor was piled up and finished, with the common field irrigation water spray of 1kg, the post that ignites that expose the centre can not be sprayed onto water on the outermost dry soil of burner reactor.
4. light the post that ignites: at the capital end points combustion of the igniting post that ignites, the post pilot combustion heap internally from top to bottom that ignites, make burner reactor slowly the slow smoldering of dying fire from inside to outside produce smog;
(2) burner reactor windrow scope: according to the evenly distributed mode of equal proportion, the nonirrigated farmland area heap 9 heap burner reactors of per 667 ㎡, the central point of the every heap of outermost burner reactor and limit, nonirrigated farmland distance are 4.3m, are 8.5m all with the broadwise distance radially between the central point of every heap burner reactor;
(3) every heap burner reactor weight of material is: 120-180kg;
(4) burner reactor material burning time: light fumigation when the locality needs protection the biology minimum temperature of crop when temperature drops to.
Points for attention in the use are:
(1) dry soil of Shi Yonging must be pulverized, and particle diameter is not more than 1cm;
(2) the fumigation burner reactor can not jam on, and each layer of spreading various material naturally should loosen;
(3) at the vertical pull-up Polypropylence Sheet of the upwind in nonirrigated farmland as paravent, the Polypropylence Sheet height should be 2/3 plant height of dry crop, can prevent that smog from being dispelled outside the nonirrigated farmland better heat preservation fast by wind;
(4) area big more effect in nonirrigated farmland is good more, and the more little effect of wind speed is good more;
(5) the fine and cloudy day all can implement;
Adopt the inventive method intensification effect to be:
Nearly fire heap (in the 2.0m) heats up and is 2.5-4.0 ℃, and fire heap far away (greater than 2.0m-4.3m) heats up to 0.5-2.5 ℃.
Using this invention is incubated dry crop, dry crop temperature is remained on the biology minimum temperature of crop, can make dry crop avoid being subjected to low temperature to endanger, also can may to cause the dry crop rate of being injured of all freezing to death when serious be zero so that original because low temperature endangers, remarkable in economical benefits.
Use this invention dry crop is incubated, the insulation cost can reduce about 40%-70%.
Most preferred embodiment
The incendivity house refuse of 1, drying (or turf, wood chip, husk, withered and yellow fallen leaves etc.) 60%
2, dry rice straw (or straw of doing, straw screen or mat, withered branch, Banana Leaf, sugarcane top etc.) 10%
3, dry sandy loam (soil that south is the most general) 15%
4, carbon dust or coal dust or solid alcohol 10%
5, potassium nitrate or sodium nitrate or ammonium nitrate 5%
The operating procedure of using comprises:
(1) fumigation windrow operation, according to described proportioning:
1. incendivity rubbish, carbon dust or coal dust or solid alcohol, potassium nitrate or sodium nitrate or three kinds of raw materials of ammonium nitrate are mixed and mix thoroughly, as main burning fuming material;
2. 20% of dried plant consumption is bundled into bundle, as the post that ignites, dried plant consumption 80% as combustion-supporting material; It is moderate that dried plant is bundled into the tightness of bundle, can be with reference to the tightness of cigarette.
3. pile up burner reactor: spread 20% combustion-supporting material on ground, nonirrigated farmland, thickness is 5cm, the post that ignites is erected at the centre of combustion-supporting material, around then 20% burning fuming material being layered on, on the burning fuming material, sprinkle 15% process solarization dry doubling then again and be ground into the dry soil that particle diameter is not more than 1cm, both finished the accumulation of ground floor;
Immediately above ground floor, same recipe according to ground floor, same amount and stacking sequence are piled up three layers again, above the 4th layer, spread 20% combustion-supporting material again, above combustion-supporting material, spread 20% burning fuming material, evenly cover 40% dry soil, and allow the middle post that ignites of burner reactor expose out-pile on above the burning fuming material and the surface of whole burner reactor, so far, burner reactor is piled up and is finished;
After burner reactor was piled up and finished, with the common field irrigation water spray of 1kg, the post that ignites that expose the centre can not be sprayed onto water on the outermost dry soil of burner reactor.
4. light the post that ignites: at the capital end points combustion of the igniting post that ignites, the post pilot combustion heap internally from top to bottom that ignites, make burner reactor slowly the slow smoldering of dying fire from inside to outside produce smog;
(2) burner reactor windrow scope: according to the evenly distributed mode of equal proportion, the nonirrigated farmland area heap 9 heap burner reactors of per 667 ㎡, the central point of the every heap of outermost burner reactor and limit, nonirrigated farmland distance are 4.3m, are 8.5m all with the broadwise distance radially between the central point of every heap burner reactor;
(3) every heap burner reactor weight of material is: 150kg;
(4) burner reactor material burning time: light fumigation when the locality needs protection the biology minimum temperature of crop when temperature drops to.
Embodiment 2
Raw material comprises according to percentage by weight: incendivity rubbish 70%; Dried plant 5%; Dry soil 10%; Carbon dust or coal dust or solid alcohol 11%; Potassium nitrate or sodium nitrate or ammonium nitrate 4%.
Use the same most preferred embodiment of points for attention in operating process and the use.
Embodiment 3
Raw material comprises according to percentage by weight: incendivity rubbish 50%; Dried plant 10%; Dry soil 20%; Carbon dust or coal dust or solid alcohol 14%; Potassium nitrate or sodium nitrate or ammonium nitrate 6%.
Embodiment 4
Raw material comprises according to percentage by weight: incendivity rubbish 60%; Dried plant 15%; Dry soil 14%; Carbon dust or coal dust or solid alcohol 6%; Potassium nitrate or sodium nitrate or ammonium nitrate 5%.
Embodiment 5
Raw material comprises according to percentage by weight: incendivity rubbish 65%; Dried plant 12%; Dry soil 13%; Carbon dust or coal dust or solid alcohol 5%; Potassium nitrate or sodium nitrate or ammonium nitrate 5%.
Use the same most preferred embodiment of points for attention in operating process and the use.
Claims (4)
1. using method that is used for the fumigation material of dry crop insulation, it is characterized in that: described raw material comprises according to percentage by weight: incendivity house refuse 50-70%; Dried plant 5-15%; Dry soil 10-20%; Fuel 5-15%, described fuel are one or more in carbon dust, coal dust, the solid alcohol; Potassium nitrate or sodium nitrate or ammonium nitrate 4-6%;
After the various raw materials mixing of described fumigation material formula, in the nonirrigated farmland, pile burner reactor, burning produces smog, and the smog of generation plays the effect of insulation to crop, and the heat that sends that burns can directly improve near the temperature of burner reactor;
Concrete operating procedure comprises:
(1) fumigation burner reactor windrow operation, according to described proportioning:
1. with the incendivity house refuse; In carbon dust, coal dust, the solid alcohol one or more; Potassium nitrate or sodium nitrate or ammonium nitrate mix to be mixed thoroughly, as the burning fuming material;
2. 20% of dried plant consumption is bundled into bundle, as the post that ignites, dried plant consumption 80% as combustion-supporting material;
3. pile up burner reactor: spread 20% combustion-supporting material on ground, nonirrigated farmland, thickness is 5cm, the post that ignites is erected at the centre of combustion-supporting material, around then 20% burning fuming material being layered on, on the burning fuming material, sprinkle 15% process solarization dry doubling then again and be ground into the dry soil that particle diameter is not more than 1cm, promptly finish the accumulation of ground floor;
Immediately above ground floor, pile up three layers again according to same recipe, same amount and the stacking sequence of ground floor, above the 4th layer, spread 20% combustion-supporting material again, above combustion-supporting material, spread 20% burning fuming material, 40% dry soil in the even covering in above the burning fuming material and the surface of whole burner reactor, and allow the middle post that ignites of burner reactor expose out-pile, so far, burner reactor is piled up and is finished;
After burner reactor was piled up and finished, with the common field irrigation water spray of 1kg, the post that ignites that expose the centre can not be sprayed onto water on the outermost dry soil of burner reactor;
4. light the post that ignites: at the capital end points combustion of the igniting post that ignites, the post pilot combustion heap internally from top to bottom that ignites, make burner reactor slowly the slow smoldering of dying fire from inside to outside produce smog;
(2) burner reactor windrow scope: according to the evenly distributed mode of equal proportion, the nonirrigated farmland area heap 9 heap burner reactors of per 667 ㎡, the central point of the every heap of outermost burner reactor and limit, nonirrigated farmland distance are 4.3m, are 8.5m all with the broadwise distance radially between the central point of every heap burner reactor;
(3) every heap burner reactor weight of material is: 120-180kg;
(4) burner reactor material burning time: light fumigation when the locality needs protection the biology minimum temperature of crop when temperature drops to.
2. a kind of using method that is used for the fumigation material of dry crop insulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described dried plant is one or more mixtures in the straw done, dried straw, dried withered branch, dried Banana Leaf, dried sugarcane top, the dried bacterium grass.
3. a kind of using method that is used for the fumigation material of dry crop insulation according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described prescription comprises according to percentage by weight: incendivity house refuse 60%; Dried plant 10%; Dry soil 15%; Solid alcohol or carbon dust or coal dust 10%; Potassium nitrate or sodium nitrate or ammonium nitrate 5%.
4. a kind of using method that is used for the fumigation material of dry crop insulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the points for attention in the use are:
(1) dry soil of Shi Yonging must be pulverized, and particle diameter is not more than 1cm;
(2) the fumigation burner reactor can not jam on, and each layer of spreading various material naturally should loosen;
(3) at the vertical pull-up Polypropylence Sheet of the upwind in nonirrigated farmland as paravent, the Polypropylence Sheet height should be 2/3 plant height of dry crop, can prevent that smog from being dispelled outside the nonirrigated farmland better heat preservation fast by wind;
(4) area big more effect in nonirrigated farmland is good more, and the more little effect of wind speed is good more;
(5) the fine and cloudy day all can implement.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010101336134A CN101785413B (en) | 2010-03-29 | 2010-03-29 | Fumigation material formulation for heat preservation of dry crops and use method thereof |
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| CN2010101336134A CN101785413B (en) | 2010-03-29 | 2010-03-29 | Fumigation material formulation for heat preservation of dry crops and use method thereof |
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| CN101785413A CN101785413A (en) | 2010-07-28 |
| CN101785413B true CN101785413B (en) | 2011-06-01 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102141359A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-08-03 | 张永春 | Smoke generation particles and smoke generator using same |
| CN103609377A (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2014-03-05 | 内蒙古自治区赤峰市气象局 | Frost prevention smoke bomb |
| CN103749221B (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2015-09-23 | 宁夏回族自治区气象科学研究所 | Orchard frost prevention smoke aerosol bomb and manufacture method thereof |
| CN104855191B (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2017-11-03 | 甘肃省白龙江林管局河西综合开发局 | A kind of grape frost prevention method |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1806508A (en) * | 2005-01-22 | 2006-07-26 | 朴德春 | Method for preventing low-temperature cold damage of rice |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1806508A (en) * | 2005-01-22 | 2006-07-26 | 朴德春 | Method for preventing low-temperature cold damage of rice |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 李新明.广西发生霜、霜冻、冰冻情况及果树防御霜冻、冰冻措施.《柑桔与亚热带果树信息》.2002,第18卷(第10期),第9-10页. * |
| 陈家豪等.烟幕防御香蕉低温害的效应.《福建农林大学学报》.2003,第32卷(第4期),第468-470页. * |
| 马培恰等.广东龙眼北缘地区石硖龙眼早结丰产栽培技术.《中国南方果树》.2000,第29卷(第1期),第23-24页. * |
| 黄达斌.冬季蕉园管理技术措施.《福建热作科技》.1993,(第1期),第42,2页. * |
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