CN103748178B - 制备疏水性隔热模制品的方法 - Google Patents
制备疏水性隔热模制品的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910003849 O-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910003872 O—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001467 acupuncture Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000039 hydrogen halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012433 hydrogen halide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229960001866 silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 5
- IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxy(oxo)silane Chemical compound O[Si](O)=O IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical group O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- -1 silicon halide Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910008051 Si-OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002808 Si–O–Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006358 Si—OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HICCMIMHFYBSJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [SiH4].[Cl] Chemical compound [SiH4].[Cl] HICCMIMHFYBSJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- QABCGOSYZHCPGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(dimethyl)silicon Chemical compound C[Si](C)Cl QABCGOSYZHCPGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- FSBVERYRVPGNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[[oxido(oxo)silyl]oxy]silane hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])([O-])O[Si]([O-])=O FSBVERYRVPGNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(Cl)Cl LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCDAAXRCMMPNBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] JCDAAXRCMMPNBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;titanium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Ti].[Fe] YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005625 siliconate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)OCC CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/025—Silicon compounds without C-silicon linkages
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
- C04B41/49—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes
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- C04B41/4922—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon applied to the substrate as monomers, i.e. as organosilanes RnSiX4-n, e.g. alkyltrialkoxysilane, dialkyldialkoxysilane
- C04B41/4933—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon applied to the substrate as monomers, i.e. as organosilanes RnSiX4-n, e.g. alkyltrialkoxysilane, dialkyldialkoxysilane containing halogens, i.e. organohalogen silanes
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
- C04B41/49—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes
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- C04B41/4944—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon applied to the substrate as monomers, i.e. as organosilanes RnSiX4-n, e.g. alkyltrialkoxysilane, dialkyldialkoxysilane containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, silicon, alkali metals or halogens, e.g. N-silyldisilazane: Image
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- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
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- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种使包含亲水性硅石的微孔隔热模制品疏水化的方法,在该方法中,使用至少一种有机硅烷处理模具,并且,在该方法中,将一种或多种在反应条件下为气态的有机硅烷引入到装有包含亲水性硅酸的微孔隔热模制品的腔室中,直到压力差为Δp≥20毫巴。
Description
本发明涉及一种在限定压力条件下制备疏水性隔热模制品的方法。
DE-A-3037409公开了通过硬脂酸盐、硅酸盐(siliconate)、石蜡和脂肪制备由泡沫珍珠岩防水剂构成的隔热材料。这归因于具有这些材料的表面涂层。尽管这种方法处理的隔热材料防液态水,但它们会吸收以大气湿气形式存在的水蒸气。这导致隔热性质恶化。
DE-A-4221716公开了将热解法硅石与有机硅烷反应,从而使得它们防水。然而,这种疏水性硅石不能充分压缩,因而不是可压缩的。对与疏水二氧化硅的混合物的压制同样不能带来可接受的结果。
EP-A-1988228描述了一种通过在混合过程中加入有机硅烷,对其进行压制而形成疏水微孔隔热模制品的方法。该方法的缺点是在压制形成稳定片材时非常困难,特别是在疏水化过程中有气态产物形成时。
因而,本发明的一个技术目的是提供可以使隔热材料疏水化过程中出现的缺点最少化,同时简单且易于实现的方法。
本发明提供了一种使包含亲水性硅石的微孔隔热模制品疏水化的方法,在该方法中,使用至少一种有机硅烷处理所述模制品,其中,将一种或多种在反应条件下为气态的有机硅烷引入到装有包含亲水性硅石的微孔隔热模制品的腔室中,直到压力差为Δp≥20毫巴。
Δp=p2-p1,其中p1=引入有机硅烷之前腔室中的压力,p2=停止引入有机硅烷时腔室中的压力。实施本发明的方法,以使优选50毫巴≤Δp≤5巴,特别优选100毫巴≤Δp≤500豪巴,非常特别优选200毫巴≤Δp≤400毫巴。
对于本发明而言,亲水性硅石是其表面上没有任何可以提供疏水、斥水性质的有机基团例如烷基的硅石。相反,在表面上存在的基团应当主要由或完全由Si-OH和Si-O-Si基团构成。可以提及制备热解法硅石的实例是火焰水解法,其中,气态硅化合物在氢气/氧气火焰中燃烧。这种热解法硅石是亲水性的。
腔室仅仅必须满足可以维持本发明方法中所需压力的要求即可。
在本发明的一个具体实施方式中,在引入有机硅烷之前腔室内压力小于大气压力的情况下实施该方法。特别是,当0.1毫巴≤p1≤大气压力时是有利的。特别优选是下列变量,其中1≤p1≤500毫巴。在该优选实施方式中,有机硅烷因而引入到抽空的腔室中。在这种亚大气压力的方法中,有机硅烷自身“被吸入”到亲水性模制品的最细的孔隙中,并且最优化地在其中分布。
在本发明进一步优选的实施方式中,在引入有机硅烷之前在腔室内压力等于大气压力或者更高的情况下实施该方法。在该情形下,当大气压力≤p1≤10巴时是有利的。在这种超大气压力的方法中,有机硅烷“被推入”到亲水性隔热模制品的孔隙中,并且由此最优化分布。
作为本发明方法中的微孔亲水性硅石,优选使用热解法硅石和/或二氧化硅气溶胶。
二氧化硅气溶胶是从水性二氧化硅凝胶通过特定的干燥方法制备。其同样具有非常高的孔隙率,因此是高度有效的隔热材料。
热解法硅石通过火焰水解挥发性硅化合物例如有机和无机氯硅烷而制备。在该方法中,蒸汽或气态形式的可水解卤化硅与由氢气和含氧气体燃烧形成的火焰反应。燃烧的火焰提供卤化硅水解用的水,以及用于水解反应的足够热量。这种方法制备的二氧化硅被称为热解法硅石。在该方法中,首先形成几乎完全不含有内孔的初级颗粒。这些初级颗粒在所述方法中借助“烧结颈”熔化形成聚集体。得益于这种结构,热解法硅石是理想的隔热材料,因为聚集体结构带来了足够的机械稳定性,借助“烧结颈”最小化了固态传导导致的热传递,并产生足够高的孔隙率。
所用的有机硅烷与亲水性硅石的硅醇基团反应,并且以这种方式使得隔热模制品变得斥水。
对本发明而言,一种或多种有机硅烷可优选地选自由Rn-Si-X4-n,R3Si-Y-SiR3,RnSinOn,(CH3)3-Si-(O-Si(CH3)2)n-OH,HO-Si(CH3)2-(O-Si(CH3)2)n-OH所组成的组,其中n=1-8;R=-H,-CH3,-C2H5:X=-C1,-Br;-OCH3,-OC2H5,-OC3H8,Y=NH,O。
非常明确地提到的是(CH3)3SiCl,(CH3)2SiCl2,CH3SiCl3,(CH3)3SiOC2H5,(CH3)2Si(OC2H5)2,CH3Si(OC2H5)3,(CH3)3SiNHSi(CH3)3,(CH3)3SiOSi(CH3)3,(CH3)8Si4O4[八甲基四环硅氧烷],(CH3)6Si3O3[六甲基三环硅氧烷]以及(CH3)3Si(OSi(CH3)2)4OH[低分子量的聚硅氧醇(polysiloxano1)]。特别优选使用(CH3)3SiCl,(CH3)2SiCl2,CH3SiCl3,(CH3)3SiNHSi(CH3)3和(CH3)8Si4O4。
本发明的方法尤其是特征在于:在腔室中主要的(prevailing)反应条件下所述有机硅烷是气态。有机硅烷自身可以以液体或蒸汽形式引入到腔室中。当以液体形式引入时,例如通过喷射射入时,它应当在腔室中转变为蒸汽态。优选的是以蒸汽形式引入有机硅烷。
在引入有机硅烷过程中或之后,本方法还可以将极性物质引入到腔室中。这些物质可以优选是水、醇和卤化氢。
在本发明方法中所使用的包含亲水性硅石的微孔隔热模制品可以还包含遮光剂,纤维和/或细碎的无机添加剂。
可选的遮光剂是氧化钛,氧化锆,钛铁矿,钛酸铁,氧化铁,硅酸锆,碳化硅,氧化锰和炭黑。这些遮光剂优选在从1.5μm到10μm的红外光谱中范围内具有最大值。这些颗粒的粒径优选为0.5-15μm。在整体混合物中,遮光剂的存在比例优选为5-20重量%。
为进行增强,即机械强化,可以使用纤维。这些纤维本质上可以是无机纤维或有机纤维,并且构成混合物的至多12重量%。可以使用的无机纤维的实例是玻璃棉,岩棉,玄武岩纤维,渣棉,以及由氧化铝和/或二氧化硅熔体组成的陶瓷纤维,并且进一步包含无机金属氧化物。纯的二氧化硅纤维例如是硅石纤维。可以使用的有机纤维的实例可以是纤维素纤维,织物纤维或聚合物纤维。纤维的直径优选为1-12μm,特别优选6-9μm,长度优选为1-25mm,特别优选3-10mm。
另外,在本发明方法中,可以加入无机填充材料。可以利用由多种合成方法制备的改性二氧化硅,例如,沉积硅石,电弧硅石,通过氧化挥发性硅单氧化物以及在电化学制备硅或硅铁中所形成的含SiO2的扬尘。通过用酸沥滤硅酸盐例如硅酸钙、硅酸镁及混合的硅酸盐例如橄榄石而制备的硅石同样是合适的。还可以使用天然存在的含SiO2化合物,例如硅藻土(diatomaceousearth)和硅藻土(kieselguhr)。同样可以加入热膨胀性矿物质例如珍珠岩和蛭石,细碎分散的金属氧化物例如氧化铝,氧化钛,氧化铁。
在本发明的一个特定实施方式中,包含亲水性硅石的微孔隔热模制品含有45-95重量%、优选55-90重量%的热解法二氧化硅和/或二氧化硅气溶胶,5-20重量%、优选7-15重量%的遮光剂,5-35重量%、优选10-30重量%的细碎的无机添加剂以及0-12重量%、优选1-5重量%的纤维。
为加速上述方法,待处理的隔热模制品还可以额外进行穿孔。穿孔槽使得在每种情况下使用的有机硅烷可以更快地并以靶向方式进入到隔热模制品中。待移除的任何过量的反应产物同样可以通过穿孔槽以加速方式再次被移除。穿孔可以通过针刺待处理的隔热模制品而进行,优选在隔热模制品实际压制过程中通过针夹(needlegripper)实现。首先在隔热板的情况下,穿孔可以在一侧但是优选在两侧进行。孔深度取决于亲水性隔热模制品的厚度,并且范围可以从5mm至全部贯通,优选约为亲水性隔热模制品厚度的2/3。为避免热桥(heatbridge),在亲水性隔热模制品未全部贯通的情况下,优选两侧穿孔为具有错开排列(offsetpattern)的孔。穿孔槽的直径范围可以从0.1mm至3.0mm,优选从0.5mm至1.0mm。穿孔槽的间距范围可以从5mm至200mm,在一侧穿孔的情况下,所述槽的间距应当优选与针深度一样大,在两侧穿孔的情况下,应当优选针深度的两倍。
对于腔室内的温度,有利的是从20℃至300℃。处理时间可以通过这种方式进行控制。取决于所用有机硅烷的类型不同,选择范围从50至200℃的温度是特别有利的。
同样地有利的是将包含亲水性硅石的微孔隔热模制品放置在腔室中1分钟至1小时,特别优选从2至20分钟,从加入有机硅烷的时间点开始计算。
当处理完毕后,任何过量的有机硅烷和反应产物都可以通过加热从当前的疏水性模制品移除。为实现机械稳定性和改善处理性,包括防尘处理,疏水性模制品可以被封装在无纺布和薄膜内,优选收缩薄膜内。
本发明进一步提供了通过本发明的方法制备的疏水化的隔热模制品的用途,其用于在中空建筑砌块(block)中产生隔热、多层建筑砌块的内核隔热、用于建筑物内隔热和外隔热的复合隔热系统的内核隔热、空心墙砌体中的隔热、炉体结构中的隔热以及真空隔热板。
除了其它之外,通过本发明的方法制备的这些疏水化隔热模制品的应用领域尤其是隔热材料暴露于水分或湿气的所有领域。
实施例
实施例1:
微孔隔热板具有250×250×20mm的尺寸以及184.4g的重量,其对应于147.5kg/m3的总密度,且组成为:87.0重量%的BET表面积为300m2/g的热解法硅石,9.0重量%的焰黑(flameblack)以及4.0重量%的短切黏胶纤维(Φ9μm;L6mm),将其放置在加热到约100℃的干燥器中。干燥器内的压力通过水泵降低到15毫巴。将以气体形式存在的六甲基二硅氮烷随后引入到干燥器中,直到压力升高至300毫巴。
实施例2:
微孔隔热板具有250×250×20mm的尺寸以及189.3g的重量,其对应于151.4kg/m3的总密度,且组成为:87.0重量%的BET表面积为300m2/g的热解法硅石,9.0重量%的焰黑以及4.0重量%的短切黏胶纤维(Φ9μm;L6mm),将其放置在加热到约100℃的干燥器中。干燥器内的压力通过水泵降低到15毫巴。将以气体形式存在的二甲基二氯硅烷随后引入到干燥器中,直到压力升高至300毫巴。
根据实施例1和2所得的板都是完全防水的,并具有优异的机械稳定性和不变的低导热性。
Claims (16)
1.一种使包含亲水性硅石的微孔隔热模制品疏水化的方法,其中,使用至少一种有机硅烷处理所述模制品,
其特征在于,
将所述包含亲水性硅石的微孔隔热模制品进行穿孔,
将一种或多种在反应条件下为气态的有机硅烷引入到装有包含亲水性硅石的微孔隔热模制品的腔室中,直到压力差为Δp≥20毫巴,并且其中
Δp=p2-p1,其中p1=引入有机硅烷之前腔室中的压力,p2=停止引入有机硅烷时腔室中的压力,以及其中
在有机硅烷引入之前,腔室中的压力为大气压力或更高。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,
其特征在于,
所述穿孔在所述隔热模制品实际压制过程通过针刺进行。
3.根据权利要求1的方法,
其特征在于,
所述穿孔在所述隔热模制品实际压制过程中通过针夹进行。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项的方法,
其特征在于,
所述穿孔的孔深度为所述包含亲水性硅石的隔热模制品厚度的2/3。
5.根据权利要求1-3任一项的方法,
其特征在于,
穿孔槽的直径范围为从0.1mm至3.0mm。
6.根据权利要求1-3任一项的方法,
其特征在于,
穿孔槽的直径范围为从0.5mm至1.0mm。
7.根据权利要求1的方法,
其特征在于,
将热解法硅石和/或二氧化硅气溶胶用作亲水性硅石。
8.根据权利要求1-3任一项的方法,
其特征在于,
所述有机硅烷选自由Rn-Si-X4-n,R3Si-Y-SiR3,RnSinOn,(CH3)3-Si-(O-Si(CH3)2)n-OH,HO-Si(CH3)2-(O-Si(CH3)2)n-OH所组成的组,其中n=1-8;R=-H,-CH3,-C2H5;X=-Cl,-Br;-OCH3,-OC2H5,-OC3H8,Y=NH,O。
9.根据权利要求1-3任一项的方法,
其特征在于,
有机硅烷以液体或蒸汽形式引入到腔室中。
10.根据权利要求1-3任一项的方法,
其特征在于,
在加入有机硅烷的同时或之后,引入水、醇和/或卤化氢。
11.根据权利要求1-3任一项的方法,
其特征在于,
所使用的微孔亲水性的隔热模制品进一步包含遮光剂、纤维和/或细碎的无机添加剂。
12.根据权利要求1-3任一项的方法,
其特征在于,
所使用的包含亲水性硅石的微孔隔热模制品含有45-95重量%热解二氧化硅和/或二氧化硅气溶胶,5-20重量%的遮光剂,5-35重量%细碎的无机添加剂以及0-12重量%的纤维。
13.根据权利要求1-3任一项的方法,
其特征在于,
所使用的包含亲水性硅石的微孔隔热模制品含有55-90重量%的热解二氧化硅和/或二氧化硅气溶胶,7-15重量%的遮光剂,10-30重量%的细碎的无机添加剂以及1-5重量%的纤维。
14.根据权利要求1-3任一项的方法,
其特征在于,
所使用的包含亲水性硅石的微孔隔热模制品是穿孔的。
15.根据权利要求1-3任一项的方法,
其特征在于,
腔室内的温度为20-300℃。
16.根据权利要求1-3任一项的方法,
其特征在于,
所使用的包含亲水性硅石的微孔隔热模制品从加入有机硅烷的时间点开始,放置在腔室内1分钟到1小时。
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DE102009054566A1 (de) * | 2009-12-11 | 2010-11-11 | Wacker Chemie Ag | Hydrophobe Wärmedämmung |
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2011
- 2011-07-27 UA UAA201401785A patent/UA111494C2/uk unknown
- 2011-07-27 CN CN201180072583.3A patent/CN103748178B/zh active Active
- 2011-07-27 RU RU2014107160/03A patent/RU2579844C2/ru active
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- 2011-07-27 CA CA2842845A patent/CA2842845C/en active Active
- 2011-07-27 JP JP2014521958A patent/JP5882462B2/ja active Active
- 2011-07-27 KR KR1020147001727A patent/KR101646423B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2011-07-27 WO PCT/EP2011/062932 patent/WO2013013714A1/de active Application Filing
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Patent Citations (1)
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CN1414932A (zh) * | 1999-12-28 | 2003-04-30 | 旭化成株式会社 | 防水性轻质蜂窝混凝土 |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2842845A1 (en) | 2013-01-31 |
CN103748178A (zh) | 2014-04-23 |
EP2736979A1 (de) | 2014-06-04 |
EP2736979B1 (de) | 2016-04-27 |
WO2013013714A1 (de) | 2013-01-31 |
RU2579844C2 (ru) | 2016-04-10 |
KR101646423B1 (ko) | 2016-08-05 |
CA2842845C (en) | 2018-03-27 |
UA111494C2 (uk) | 2016-05-10 |
KR20140053975A (ko) | 2014-05-08 |
RU2014107160A (ru) | 2015-09-10 |
US9233986B2 (en) | 2016-01-12 |
US20140150242A1 (en) | 2014-06-05 |
JP2014521579A (ja) | 2014-08-28 |
JP5882462B2 (ja) | 2016-03-09 |
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