CN103744695A - Method and system for operating system remote installation on basis of PXE - Google Patents
Method and system for operating system remote installation on basis of PXE Download PDFInfo
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- CN103744695A CN103744695A CN201310724185.6A CN201310724185A CN103744695A CN 103744695 A CN103744695 A CN 103744695A CN 201310724185 A CN201310724185 A CN 201310724185A CN 103744695 A CN103744695 A CN 103744695A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and system for operating system remote installation on the basis of a PXE. The method comprises the steps that PXE clients start from the PXE and download and run a PXE boot program from a PXE server, and then the PXE boot program reads a boot file corresponding to MAC addresses of the PXE clients under a PXE operating system configuration catalog in the PXE server; the PXE boot program obtains a startup configuration file according to a startup configuration file address recorded in the read boot file and loads a system kernel program and an initialization memory disk program, and then the initialization memory disk program performs operating system installation according to the startup configuration file; the system comprises the PXE server and a plurality of PXE clients; the PXE clients are used for starting from the PXE and loading and runing the PXE boot program from the PXE server. According to the method and the system, installing efficiency in installing operating systems in batches can be improved, and the cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Internet technology, relate in particular to a kind of operating system remote installation method and system based on PXE.
Background technology
PXE(preboot execute environment, Pre-boot Execution Environment) by Intel Company, developed, it is the technology of main flow that compares at present, it passes through C/S(Client/Server, client/server) network schemer work, support performance station is downloaded reflection by network from far-end server, and supports thus the start-up course of the operating system of automatic network.
For the server that has PXE network interface card, can be used as PXE client, by network, from PXE server, download and install the required file of operating system, and by TFTP(trivial file transfer protocol, plain text host-host protocol) from loading kernel and file system, installs PXE server.This efficiency based on PXE mode installing operating system will, far away higher than adopting the modes such as CD-ROM drive, mode, 1394 interfaces, USB interface, be particularly useful for the product institute that machine room, website, laboratory, production line etc. have a large amount of servers.
Yet, the existing method based on PXE mode installing operating system need to connect display for PXE client (being server to be installed), the operating system that the menu setecting that operating personnel need to show by display will be installed, for example, operating personnel can select to install linux system by pressing F2; PXE client completes the installation of corresponding operating system according to operating personnel's selection.Like this, when large quantities of servers are carried out to the disposable installation of operating system, just need to connect a display for each PXE client, and need operating personnel to complete one by one the operation of choosing to the operating system to be installed of each PXE client by display, server to be installed is more, expends time in also more with energy.Therefore be necessary to provide the installation method of operating system based on PXE that a kind of efficiency is higher, cost is lower.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of operating system remote installation method and system based on PXE, in order to improve batch installing operating system installation effectiveness, reduce costs.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of operating system remote installation method based on PXE, having comprised:
PXE client starts from PXE, and from PXE boot is downloaded and moved to PXE server, under the PXE operating system config directory of described PXE boot from described PXE server, reads the boot files corresponding with the MAC Address of this PXE client;
Described PXE boot starts configuration file described in the address acquisition of the startup configuration file of recording in the boot files reading, and after loading system kernel program and initialization memory disk program, described system kernel program provides the installation environment of operating system for described PXE client, and described initialization memory disk program is carried out the installation of operating system according to described startup configuration file.
Further, before described PXE client starts from PXE, also comprise:
Described PXE server by user for the client identification of each PXE client typing and MAC Address corresponding stored in database.
Further, before described PXE client starts from PXE, also comprise:
Described PXE server is after receiving the submission instruction of selecting operating system to be installed, for each related client identification of described submission instruction, in described database, find the MAC Address corresponding with this client identification, and related according to described submission instruction, the operating system model corresponding with this client identification, determine after the startup configuration file corresponding with this operating system model, under described PXE operating system config directory, generate the boot files corresponding with this MAC Address, and in the boot files generating, record the address of the startup configuration file of determining.
Further, the scripted code that installs operational module of described startup configuration file comprises: return to the scripted code that installs notice; And
In described initialization memory disk program, according to described startup configuration file, carry out, in the installation process of operating system, specifically comprising:
Described initialization memory disk program is according to the scripted code that installs notice that returns in described startup configuration file, to described PXE server return carry described PXE client MAC Address install notice;
Described in receiving, described PXE server installs after notice, described in recording, install the mount message of the corresponding client identification of MAC Address carrying in notice in installation log, comprise: the operating system model corresponding with this client identification, and install information.
According to another aspect of the present invention, also provide a kind of operating system remote installation system based on PXE, having comprised: PXE server, and a plurality of PXE client; Wherein,
Described PXE server is for the client identification of storing PXE boot, each PXE client and MAC Address, the startup configuration file corresponding with each operating system model, and the boot files corresponding with the MAC Address of each PXE client respectively;
Described PXE client is used for starting from PXE, and downloads and move described PXE boot from PXE server; Described PXE boot for reading the boot files corresponding with the MAC Address of this PXE client from the PXE operating system config directory of described PXE server; And start configuration file described in the address acquisition of the startup configuration file of recording in the boot files reading, and after loading system kernel program and initialization memory disk program, described system kernel program provides the installation environment of operating system for described PXE client, and described initialization memory disk program is carried out the installation of operating system according to described startup configuration file.
Preferably, described PXE server is also for receiving client identification and the MAC Address by the described PXE client of user's typing.
Preferably, described PXE server is also for after receiving the submission instruction of selecting operating system to be installed, for each related client identification of described submission instruction, find the MAC Address corresponding with this client identification, and related according to described submission instruction, the operating system model corresponding with this client identification, determine after the startup configuration file corresponding with this operating system model, under described PXE operating system config directory, generate the boot files corresponding with this MAC Address, and in the boot files generating, record the address of the startup configuration file of determining.
Preferably, the scripted code that installs operational module of described startup configuration file comprises: return to the scripted code that installs notice, and carry out in the installation process of operating system according to described startup configuration file in described initialization memory disk program, described initialization memory disk program is according to the scripted code that installs notice that returns in described startup configuration file, to described PXE server return carry described PXE client MAC Address install notice; And
Described PXE server also installs after notice described in receiving, described in recording, install the mount message of the corresponding client identification of MAC Address carrying in notice in installation log, comprise: the operating system model corresponding with this client identification, and install information.
According to another aspect of the present invention, also provide a kind of PXE server, having comprised:
Typing module, for by user for the client identification of each PXE client typing and MAC Address corresponding stored to described database;
Operating system to be installed is selected module, for receiving after the submission instruction of selecting operating system to be installed, for each related client identification of described submission instruction, in described database, find the MAC Address corresponding with this client identification, and related according to described submission instruction, the operating system model corresponding with this client identification, determine after the startup configuration file corresponding with this operating system model, under PXE operating system config directory, generate the boot files corresponding with this MAC Address, and in the boot files generating, record the address of the startup configuration file of determining.
Preferably, logger module, be used for receiving and install after notice, described in recording, install the mount message of the corresponding client identification of MAC Address carrying in notice in installation log, comprise: the operating system model corresponding with this client identification, and install information.
In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, PXE server in advance by user for the client identification of each PXE client typing and MAC Address corresponding stored in database; By being shown as user, provide the choice menus that comprises client identification and operating system to be installed, and after receiving the submission instruction of selecting operating system to be installed, according to this submission instruction, determine the MAC Address corresponding with this submission instruction, and startup configuration file, and in the boot files generating, record the address of this document of determining.PXE client, from PXE starts, just needn't operating personnel be carried out selection operation or any intervention of operating system for PXE client, and according to download startup configuration file, is automatically carried out the installation of operating system by the initialization memory disk program of boot program loads.Like this, operating personnel are only once the operation that each PXE client to be installed is selected operating system by carrying out at PXE server, just can realize the installation to each PXE client, compare the existing operating personnel of needs and every PXE client executing, select one by one the operation of operating system, save plenty of time and energy, thereby improved the installation effectiveness of batch installing operating system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of the operating system remote installation system based on PXE that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The PXE server that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention is installed the schematic flow sheet of front preparation method;
The PXE client that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention is carried out the schematic flow sheet of installation method of operating system;
The structural representation of the PXE server that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
For making object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, referring to accompanying drawing and enumerate preferred embodiment, the present invention is described in more detail.Yet, it should be noted that, many details of listing in instructions are only used to make reader to have a thorough understanding to one or more aspects of the present invention, even if do not have these specific details also can realize these aspects of the present invention.
The terms such as " module " used in this application, " system " are intended to comprise the entity relevant to computing machine, such as but not limited to hardware, firmware, combination thereof, software or executory software.For example, module can be, but be not limited in: the thread of the process of moving on processor, processor, object, executable program, execution, program and/or computing machine.For instance, the application program of moving on computing equipment and this computing equipment can be modules.One or more modules can be positioned at an executory process and/or thread.
The present inventor considers, in each PXE client from PXE starts, by PXE server, carry out preparatory work before installation: in advance using the client identification of the server to be installed as PXE client, and the MAC(Media Access Control corresponding with client identification, medium access control) address stores in the database of PXE server.Afterwards, the model of the operating system that PXE server is selected at operating system choice menus according to operating personnel, determine corresponding startup configuration file, and the MAC Address of selecting at operating system choice menus according to operating personnel, the address of the startup configuration file of determining is added in the boot files corresponding with MAC Address.
Like this, PXE client is from PXE starts, just needn't operating personnel carry out selection operation or any intervention of operating system for PXE client, PXE client starts configuration file in boot files address by reading obtains startup configuration file from PXE server, according to starting configuration file, just can automatically carry out the installation of operating system.Operating personnel are only by carrying out once selecting for the PXE client of each operating system to be installed the operation of operating system at PXE server, just can make each PXE client realize Auto-mounting, compare the existing operating personnel of needs and every PXE client executing, select one by one the operation of operating system, saved plenty of time and energy, thus improved batch installing operating system installation effectiveness, reduce costs.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe technical scheme of the present invention in detail.
The structure of the operating system remote installation system based on PXE that the embodiment of the present invention provides as shown in Figure 1, comprising: PXE server 101, and a plurality of PXE client 102.
In fact, the client identification that stores PXE boot, each PXE client in PXE server 101 and MAC Address, the startup configuration file corresponding with each operating system model, and the boot files corresponding with the MAC Address of each PXE client respectively.
Above-mentioned PXE server 101 is after the submission instruction of selection operating system to be installed that receives user's input, and PXE server 101 is installed the concrete grammar of front preparation, and flow process as shown in Figure 2, comprises the steps:
S201:PXE server 101, after receiving the submission instruction of selecting operating system to be installed, is determined the MAC Address corresponding with this submission instruction according to this submission instruction.
In this step, PXE server 101, after receiving the submission instruction of selecting operating system to be installed, for submitting each related client identification of instruction to, finds the MAC Address corresponding with this client identification in database; Wherein, client identification can be specifically to comprise: PXE client ip (Internet Protocol, the agreement interconnecting between network) sign of address, gateway, netmask information can be also to comprise physical address information, as the sign of machine room number, the number of making an inventory.
In practical application, in the submission instruction of the selection operating system to be installed that PXE server 101 receives, related PXE client 102 can be the client of separate unit operating system to be installed, can be also many clients of same model operating system to be installed.Therefore, the operating system remote installation method based on PXE that the embodiment of the present invention provides is not limited to the quantity of disposable PXE client of installing, can be disposable be according to actual needs the installing operating system of many PXE clients.
S202:PXE server 101 is determined the startup configuration file corresponding with this submission instruction according to this submission instruction.
In this step, PXE server 101, according to submitting related, corresponding with this client identification operating system model of instruction to, is determined the startup configuration file corresponding with this operating system model.In addition, PXE server 101 can also be according to submitting related, corresponding with this client identification operating system model of instruction to, in pre-stored startup profile template storehouse, find the startup profile template corresponding with this operating system model, generate the corresponding configuration file that starts; Wherein, start configuration file and be specially ks.cfg(kickstart) file.
S203:PXE server 101 generates the boot files corresponding with the MAC Address of determining under PXE operating system config directory, and in the boot files generating, records the address of the startup configuration file of determining.
In this step, PXE server 101 is after determining the startup configuration file corresponding with operating system model, under PXE operating system config directory, generate the corresponding boot files of MAC Address determine with step S201, and in the boot files of generation, record the address of the startup configuration file that step S202 determines; Wherein, operating system configuration is specially pxelinux.cfg.
Afterwards, each PXE client 102, from PXE starts, just needn't operating personnel be carried out any intervention or operation, and automatically complete the installation of operating system separately, and concrete grammar flow process, as shown in Figure 3, comprises the steps:
S301:PXE client 102 starts from PXE, and downloads and move PXE boot from PXE server 101.
In this step, PXE client 102 starts from PXE, by TFTP or MTETP(multicast trivial file transfer protocol, multiplex broadcasting plain text host-host protocol) from PXE server 101, download PXE boot, move this program.
Under the PXE operating system config directory of S302:PXE boot from PXE server 101, read the boot files corresponding with the MAC Address of this PXE client 102.
In this step, after PXE client 102 operation PXE boot, this boot can read the boot files corresponding with the MAC Address of this PXE client 102 under the PXE operating system config directory from PXE server 101 automatically.
Like this, avoided PXE client 102 after operation PXE boot, also needing by display is that technician demonstrates the operating system that can select installation, and just can complete the installation of corresponding operating system according to operating personnel's selection.For many PXE clients 102 that different operating system need to be installed, thereby it is cost-saving to adopt installation method that the embodiment of the present invention provides not only can reduce the use of display, thereby the operation of the selection operating system that can also to avoid in each PXE client 102 be this client improves the installation effectiveness of batch installing operating system.
S303:PXE boot is according to this startup configuration file of address acquisition of the startup configuration file of recording in the boot files reading, and loading system kernel program and initialization memory disk program.
In this step, PXE boot is according to the boot files reading, obtain the image file (vmlinuz) from PXE server 101 download system kernel programs, the image file (initrd.img) of initialization memory disk program, and start configuration file according to the address acquisition of the startup configuration file of recording in boot files, and according to image file loading system kernel program and the initialization memory disk program downloaded.
S304: initialization memory disk program is carried out the installation of operating system according to the startup configuration file obtaining.
In this step, PXE boot is according to after the image file loading system kernel program of downloading and initialization memory disk program, system kernel program provides the installation environment of operating system for PXE client 102, and initialization memory disk program is carried out the installation of operating system according to this startup configuration file.
More preferably, in starting configuration file, be also embedded with and return to the scripted code that installs notice; Therefore, according to starting configuration file, carrying out in the installation process of operating system, initialization memory disk program can be according to the scripted code that installs notice that returns starting in configuration file, to PXE server 101 return carry this PXE client 102 MAC Address install notice; PXE server 101 installs after notice receiving, in installation log, record the mount message that this installs the corresponding client identification of MAC Address carrying in notice, can facilitate user by installation log, to check the installment state of each PXE client 102; Wherein, mount message comprises: the operating system model corresponding with this client identification, and install information.
The inner structure block diagram of the PXE server 101 that the embodiment of the present invention provides, as shown in Figure 4, comprising: typing module 401 and operating system to be installed are selected module 402.
Operating system to be installed selects module 402 for after receiving the submission instruction of selecting operating system to be installed, for submitting each related client identification of instruction to, in database, find the MAC Address corresponding with this client identification, and related according to submitting instruction to, the operating system model corresponding with this client identification, determine after the startup configuration file corresponding with this operating system model, under PXE operating system config directory, generate the boot files corresponding with this MAC Address, and in the boot files generating, record the address of the startup configuration file of determining.
Further, PXE server 101 also comprises: logger module 403;
In technical scheme of the present invention, PXE client from PXE starts, PXE server in advance by operating personnel for the client identification of each PXE client typing and MAC Address corresponding stored in database; By being shown as operating personnel, provide the choice menus that comprises client identification and operating system to be installed.Afterwards, the model of the operating system that PXE server is selected at operating system choice menus according to operating personnel, determine corresponding startup configuration file, and the MAC Address of selecting at operating system choice menus according to operating personnel, the address of the startup configuration file of determining is added in the boot files corresponding with MAC Address.PXE client is from PXE starts, just needn't operating personnel carry out selection operation or any intervention of operating system for PXE client, PXE client starts configuration file in boot files address by reading obtains startup configuration file from PXE server, according to starting configuration file, just can automatically carry out the installation of operating system.Like this, operating personnel are only once the operation that each PXE client to be installed is selected operating system by carrying out at PXE server, just can realize the installation to each PXE client, compare the existing operating personnel of needs and every PXE client executing, select one by one the operation of operating system, save plenty of time and energy, thereby improved the installation effectiveness of batch installing operating system.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of step realizing in above-described embodiment method is to come the hardware that instruction is relevant to complete by program, this program can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium, as: ROM/RAM, magnetic disc, CD etc.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the operating system remote installation method based on PXE, is characterized in that, comprising:
Pre-boot Execution Environment PXE client starts from PXE, and from PXE boot is downloaded and moved to PXE server, under the PXE operating system config directory of described PXE boot from described PXE server, read the boot files corresponding with the medium access control MAC Address of this PXE client;
Described PXE boot starts configuration file described in the address acquisition of the startup configuration file of recording in the boot files reading, and after loading system kernel program and initialization memory disk program, described system kernel program provides the installation environment of operating system for described PXE client, and described initialization memory disk program is carried out the installation of operating system according to described startup configuration file.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, before described PXE client starts from PXE, also comprises:
Described PXE server by user for the client identification of each PXE client typing and MAC Address corresponding stored in database.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, before described PXE client starts from PXE, also comprises:
Described PXE server is after receiving the submission instruction of selecting operating system to be installed, for each related client identification of described submission instruction, in described database, find the MAC Address corresponding with this client identification, and related according to described submission instruction, the operating system model corresponding with this client identification, determine after the startup configuration file corresponding with this operating system model, under described PXE operating system config directory, generate the boot files corresponding with this MAC Address, and in the boot files generating, record the address of the startup configuration file of determining.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the scripted code that installs operational module of described startup configuration file comprises: return to the scripted code that installs notice; And
In described initialization memory disk program, according to described startup configuration file, carry out, in the installation process of operating system, specifically comprising:
Described initialization memory disk program is according to the scripted code that installs notice that returns in described startup configuration file, to described PXE server return carry described PXE client MAC Address install notice;
Described in receiving, described PXE server installs after notice, described in recording, install the mount message of the corresponding client identification of MAC Address carrying in notice in installation log, comprise: the operating system model corresponding with this client identification, and install information.
5. the operating system remote installation system based on PXE, is characterized in that, comprising: PXE server, and a plurality of PXE client; Wherein,
Described PXE server is for the client identification of storing PXE boot, each PXE client and MAC Address, the startup configuration file corresponding with each operating system model, and the boot files corresponding with the MAC Address of each PXE client respectively;
Described PXE client is used for starting from PXE, and downloads and move described PXE boot from PXE server; Described PXE boot for reading the boot files corresponding with the MAC Address of this PXE client from the PXE operating system config directory of described PXE server; And start configuration file described in the address acquisition of the startup configuration file of recording in the boot files reading, and after loading system kernel program and initialization memory disk program, described system kernel program provides the installation environment of operating system for described PXE client, and described initialization memory disk program is carried out the installation of operating system according to described startup configuration file.
6. system as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that,
Described PXE server is also for receiving client identification and the MAC Address by the described PXE client of user's typing.
7. system as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that,
Described PXE server is also for after receiving the submission instruction of selecting operating system to be installed, for each related client identification of described submission instruction, find the MAC Address corresponding with this client identification, and related according to described submission instruction, the operating system model corresponding with this client identification, determine after the startup configuration file corresponding with this operating system model, under described PXE operating system config directory, generate the boot files corresponding with this MAC Address, and in the boot files generating, record the address of the startup configuration file of determining.
8. system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, the scripted code that installs operational module of described startup configuration file comprises: return to the scripted code that installs notice, and carry out in the installation process of operating system according to described startup configuration file in described initialization memory disk program, described initialization memory disk program is according to the scripted code that installs notice that returns in described startup configuration file, to described PXE server return carry described PXE client MAC Address install notice; And
Described PXE server also installs after notice described in receiving, described in recording, install the mount message of the corresponding client identification of MAC Address carrying in notice in installation log, comprise: the operating system model corresponding with this client identification, and install information.
9. a PXE server, is characterized in that, comprising:
Typing module, for by user for the client identification of each PXE client typing and MAC Address corresponding stored to described database;
Operating system to be installed is selected module, for receiving after the submission instruction of selecting operating system to be installed, for each related client identification of described submission instruction, in described database, find the MAC Address corresponding with this client identification, and related according to described submission instruction, the operating system model corresponding with this client identification, determine after the startup configuration file corresponding with this operating system model, under PXE operating system config directory, generate the boot files corresponding with this MAC Address, and in the boot files generating, record the address of the startup configuration file of determining.
10. server as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Logger module, be used for receiving and install after notice, the mount message that installs the corresponding client identification of MAC Address carrying in notice in installation log described in recording, comprising: the operating system model corresponding with this client identification, and install information.
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