CN103737891A - 一种高强度螺杆 - Google Patents

一种高强度螺杆 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103737891A
CN103737891A CN201310742742.7A CN201310742742A CN103737891A CN 103737891 A CN103737891 A CN 103737891A CN 201310742742 A CN201310742742 A CN 201310742742A CN 103737891 A CN103737891 A CN 103737891A
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screw rod
section
strength
mixing section
strength screw
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CN201310742742.7A
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蔡炳然
甄焕财
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Guangdong Liansu Machinery Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Guangdong Liansu Machinery Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201310742742.7A priority Critical patent/CN103737891A/zh
Publication of CN103737891A publication Critical patent/CN103737891A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/67—Screws having incorporated mixing devices not provided for in groups B29C48/52 - B29C48/66
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/405—Intermeshing co-rotating screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/41—Intermeshing counter-rotating screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/507—Screws characterised by the material or their manufacturing process
    • B29C48/509—Materials, coating or lining therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/53—Screws having a varying channel depth, e.g. varying the diameter of the longitudinal screw trunk

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种高强度螺杆，包括送料段、剪切段、屏障段和混炼段，所述螺杆设有空孔芯部，所述送料段、剪切段、屏障段和混炼段外表面及空孔芯部均设有一层石墨烯覆盖层。本发明强度高、耐磨、不容易烧焦、冷却效果好，整根螺杆的温度均衡、不会产生急冷现象、电能消耗小、成本低。

Description

一种高强度螺杆
技术领域
本发明涉及塑料管材挤出机的单螺杆领域，尤其涉及一种高强度螺杆。
背景技术
在传统的塑料挤出机的行业中，挤出螺杆一般需要氮化处理，或者在螺杆的表面镀一层硬铬合金，以提高螺杆的强度。但是，该种工艺处理方法并没有解决螺杆的耐磨问题，适应范围也没有针对性，对一些磨损性强，腐蚀性大的塑料，可能无法两方面兼顾，会造成浪费原料、提高生产成本、使用效果较差的问题，螺杆的硬度问题还满足不了日益发展的塑料材料的要求，同时，螺杆各段在所受的剪切力不同，产生的剪切热也不一样，如果不迅速使螺杆的热量达到均衡一致，塑料就会在料温高的地方烧焦或者碳化。所以该螺杆的制作方法还需要改进。
 此外，由于挤出机在工作过程中，螺杆与粉料的摩擦产生较多的热量而使螺杆产生大量的温度，因此需及时对其进行冷却，而传统的冷却方式有两种：一种采用简单地将水或油通过管道流向螺杆的端部，然后再流回管道，在螺杆芯孔间的环形空间排出；另一种为自循环式，即在螺杆内孔中密封冷却介质，利用介质的蒸发和冷凝进行温控。上述两种冷却方式虽然在一定程度启动冷却的作用，但是仍存在其缺陷，第一种方式易造成急冷且冷却效果差；第二种冷却方式的缺点为无法实现外部控制，因此，上述的冷却方式已无法适应实际生产的需要。而且，该装置需要配置昂贵的芯部模具油温机，增加了生产的成本。   
发明内容
为了克服现有技术硬度不够、耐磨性不强、容易烧焦、冷却效果差等缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供一种传热效果好的高强度螺杆。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案予以实现：
一种高强度螺杆，包括送料段、剪切段、屏障段和混炼段，所述螺杆设有空孔芯部，所述送料段、剪切段、屏障段和混炼段外表面及空孔芯部均设有一层石墨烯覆盖层。
进一步地，所述空孔芯部设至螺杆的混炼段。
石墨烯具有非常稳定的结构，使得其具有十分优异的力学性能，它的抗拉强度可达50-200GPa，是钢的100倍，密度是钢的1/6，此外，它的弹性模量可达1TPa，与金刚石的弹性模量相当，约为钢的5倍，是目前可制备出具有最高比力学强度的材料；也是一种全新的导热散热材料，具有独特的晶粒取向，沿两个方向均匀导热，150-1500 W/m-K范围内的超高导热性能。
利用石墨烯的特点，分别在螺杆的送料段、剪切段、屏障段和混炼段外表面及空孔芯部均设有一层石墨烯覆盖层，使得本发明的螺杆具有高强度的同时能均衡整根螺杆的温度。当螺杆在高速转动和塑化的时候，产生大量的剪切热，利用石墨烯这种导热性能，把剪切热瞬间传递到螺杆的其他温度相对该剪切段较低的地方，从而达到整根螺杆的温度均衡。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果如下：
（1）提高了螺杆的强度，降低断螺杆的情况出现，加快了螺杆各段之间温度的传递，避免塑料出现碳化或者烧焦的情况出现；
（2）冷却效果好，整根螺杆的温度均衡，不会产生急冷现象；
（3）电能消耗小、成本低。
说明书附图
图1为本发明的结构示意图；1、送料段；2、剪切段 ；3、屏障段；4、混炼段；5、空孔芯部。
具体实施方式
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作出进一步地详细阐述，但实施例并不对本发明做任何形式的限定。
实施例1
如图1所示，一种高强度螺杆，包括送料段1、剪切段2、屏障段3和混炼段4，所述螺杆设有空孔芯部5，所述送料段1、剪切段2、屏障段3和混炼段4外表面及空孔芯部5均设有一层石墨烯覆盖层，所述空孔芯部5设至螺杆的混炼段4。
石墨烯具有非常稳定的结构，使得其具有十分优异的力学性能，它的抗拉强度可达50-200GPa，是钢的100倍，密度是钢的1/6，此外，它的弹性模量可达1TPa，与金刚石的弹性模量相当，约为钢的5倍，是目前可制备出具有最高比力学强度的材料；也是一种全新的导热散热材料，具有独特的晶粒取向，沿两个方向均匀导热，150-1500 W/m-K范围内的超高导热性能。利用石墨烯这种材料特性，在螺杆表面镀上一层石墨烯覆盖层，使螺杆的送料段1、剪切段2、屏障段3和混炼段4的强度增大，使螺杆的强度超出传统任何一种氮化或者镀铬的螺杆，降低了断螺杆的情况出现；螺杆在高速转动剪切时，螺杆剪切段、送料段、屏障段和混炼段的热量不一致，容易导致烧料或者碳化，而石墨烯螺杆的高传导热量的特性，使石墨烯螺杆的热量在送料段1、剪切段2、屏障段3和混炼段4迅速均衡的传递开，避免了塑料碳化或者烧料的情况出现。

Claims (2)

1.一种高强度螺杆，包括送料段、剪切段、屏障段和混炼段，其特征在于，所述螺杆设有空孔芯部，所述送料段、剪切段、屏障段和混炼段外表面及空孔芯部均设有一层石墨烯覆盖层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高强度螺杆，其特征在于，所述空孔芯部设至螺杆的混炼段。
CN201310742742.7A 2013-12-30 2013-12-30 一种高强度螺杆 Pending CN103737891A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104760259A (zh) * 2015-04-25 2015-07-08 杜志刚 一种高强度中空螺杆
CN105271206A (zh) * 2015-11-23 2016-01-27 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 一种利用螺杆机剪切连续制备石墨烯材料的方法

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104760259A (zh) * 2015-04-25 2015-07-08 杜志刚 一种高强度中空螺杆
CN105271206A (zh) * 2015-11-23 2016-01-27 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 一种利用螺杆机剪切连续制备石墨烯材料的方法
CN105271206B (zh) * 2015-11-23 2017-05-10 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 一种利用螺杆机剪切连续制备石墨烯材料的方法

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