Background technology
With Chinese rapid economic development, city numbers and population dramatically increase, and city size and scope constantly expand.
The quickening of particularly urbanization process, makes the yield of domestic waste increase continuous;In recent years, the year of municipal refuse increases
Speed is to reach 5% 8%;Only calendar year 2001 China nearly 1.4 hundred million tons of the domestic waste amount of clearing.According to statistics, since 1979,
China's domestic waste amount of clearing experienced the stage of a sharp increase.Stop to nineteen ninety-five, growth rate every year on average
For 8.98%, increase to 107,480,000 tons of nineteen ninety-five by 31,320,000 tons of 1980.In recent years, the Municipal Solid Waste in China amount of clearing
Growth trend start to slow down, enter a low growth stage.1999, the National urban house refuse amount of clearing was 11415
Ten thousand tons, compared with nineteen ninety-five, only increase 6%, only increase by 1.5% every year on average.These numeral explanations, the quick increasing of municipal refuse
Though the long impetus has obtained some controls.But, the cumulant with municipal refuse is increasing, and efficient treatment of urban garbage becomes
Very urgent." although national 664 cities have all kinds of domestic garbage treatment plants (field) 740, year at the bottom of cut-off calendar year 2001
Treating capacity is 78,350,000 tons.Domestic rubbish disposal rate brings up to 58.2% by the 2% of the eighties.Many cities have been built up more
Perfect harmless treatment landfill yard.The higher garbage burning factory of a collection of environmental protection standard also puts into operation in succession, and waste incineration is sent out
Electricity and landfill gas recycle, and the resource technology such as garbage compost is comparatively fast developed and applies, and achieves certain effect.
Assessment of MSW Disposal Technologies has also obtained large development;But, have data to show that rubbish annual production reaches 440 public affairs per capita in China city
Jin, the domestic waste amount of clearing has reached hundred million tons of l within 1996, and is increased with the speed of 8%-10% every year.By 2000, China
House refuse annual production is up to 1.5 hundred million tons.For a long time, China's majority cities using air storage, naturally fill out ditch and
The mode filling out hole is dissolved municipal refuse, and soil, subsoil water, air etc. are all caused with the impact of reality and potentially hazardous, life
Rubbish processing to be harmless rate is less than 20%.At present, the house refuse amoun that the whole nation is stored up over the years has reached more than 60 hundred million tons, appropriation of land
Area reaches more than 500,000,000 square metre, and the whole nation has more than 200 city to be absorbed among rubbish encirclement.Meanwhile, the annual solid in the whole nation gives up
The economic loss that thing causes and the waste resource that can be utilized and underuse are worth about 30,000,000,000 yuans.
Garbage-surrounded city has beaten alarm bell to the city of China.According to investigations, garbage-surrounded city is all got deeply stuck in the city of China more than 1/3
Quagmire.According to statistics, the city in the whole nation 1/4 has not had garbage loading embeading to stack place substantially.Though garbage-surrounded city problem already proposed,
But do not obtain effectively solving always, detour has all been walked in a lot of cities in garbage disposal problem, simply simply stack at that time, fill
Bury hidden danger to development in the future.Such as one, the rubbish that pile up like a mountain huge " bomb ", hides in Urban Underground.Therefore, align
It is in the vast small and medium-sized cities in fast development, if not resolving this problem, it will so that the development further in city is become
Have difficulty in walking.According to statistics, more than 600 main cities of China produce 1.6 hundred million tons of rubbish every year, 440 kilograms of rubbish annual production per capita,
And increased with the speed per year over 10%;Wherein, can carry out harmless treatment accounts for 66%, and nearly 1/3 rubbish can only carry out letter
Single fill, these cities have been stacked or have been filled 8,000,000,000 tons of all kinds of rubbish, and 500,000,000 square metres of accumulative appropriation of land stored up by rubbish, has 2/3
City is surrounded by rubbish group.So, how to accelerate effective process and the utilization of municipal refuse, be the important topic of the task of top priority.
At present, following species can be divided into according to the domestic waste that country formulates:
First-level class: Recyclable, Harmful Waste Bulky Waste, Compostable, Other Waste, combustiblerefuse.
Secondary classification: fabric, Bottle & Can, rubbish from cooking, battery, stationery, plastics, metal, glass.
House refuse generally can be divided into four big class: recyclable rubbish, rubbish from cooking, Harmful Waste and Other Waste.
1st, recyclable rubbish:
Can be divided into;Waste paper, plastics, glass, metal and cloth five big class.
1., waste paper mainly includes newspaper, periodical, books, various wrapping paper, paper in the office, poster paper, carton etc., is worth
It is to be noted that napkin and lavatory paper is not too recyclable by force due to water solublity.
2., plastics mainly include various plastic bags, plastic packing article, disposable plastic fast food container and tableware, toothbrush, cup,
Mineral water bottle etc..
3., glass mainly includes various vials, chunk glass, mirror, bulb, thermos flask etc..
4., metal object mainly includes pop can, tin can, toothpaste etc..
5., cloth mainly includes discarded clothes, tablecloth, washcloth, school bag, footwear etc..
2nd, rubbish from cooking:
There are the foodstuff wastes such as significant component of leftovers leftovers, bone, dish green tops will arrange in the rubbish of urbanite
Put;
3rd, Harmful Waste:
Refuse battery, waste daylight lamp tube, useless mercurial thermometer, Expired drug etc., these rubbish need specific safety to process.Though
So, currently require that these Harmful Waste carry out classification and reclaim, but still produce little effect;
4th, Other Waste:
This kind of rubbish, such as;Brick and tile pottery, dregs, toilet waste paper and finishing waste and old and the old waste materials replaced
Deng being all difficult to reclaim.
At present, the garbage disposal in city is broadly divided into two kinds of forms;
The first: classification recycling;
This is the objective to treatment of urban garbage for the country, though various circles of society amass and respond, using pilot district as typical case;
But, reach real effect, also need long-term effort;
Second:
Processed using fermentation and landfill and the mode burned;
1st, the method for fermentation
Although the method for fermentation can make full use of the effective ingredient in rubbish;But, the fermentation period time is long, still can take big
The soil of amount, still can cause secondary pollution to soil and air to a certain extent;And, with society with urban construction not
Disconnected development, the generation ratio of rubbish is all cumulative year after year, and its actual treating capacity is much not catch up with its development speed;
2nd, the mode of landfill
The method of garbage disposal is in traditional stacking land-fill method mostly, takies up to ten thousand mu of soils;And worm fly disorderly flies,
Sewage overflows, and stinks to high heaven, severe contamination soil and groundwater resources and air ambient;
3rd, the method burned
The method of pure burning is to have certain difficulty to house refuse, because the burning-point of house refuse is very low, Er Qieshui
Larger, the broad categories of part;It is therefore desirable to interpolation combustion adjuvant, for example;Waste oil and natural gas etc.;So not only can increase process
Cost, and the input of flue gas purifying equipment can be increased, because releasing of the noxious substances such as dioxin can be produced in flue gas here
Put, more can lead to the secondary pollution of overall situation;
So, how to adopt effective processing method, while making full use of secondary resource, make waste and old resource again
Sufficiently reclaim is the problem that we need to solve.
Content of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of effective refuse disposal system and processing method, in fully profit
While using secondary resource, so that waste and old resource is sufficiently reclaimed again.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the concrete technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of municipal refuse purification utilization system it is characterised in that: include pretreatment system, decomposing system, heat treatment system
System and cleaning system;
Described pretreatment system includes the first-level class device separating scrap iron and special-shaped object and stone, by waste paper and
The secondary classification device that plastic bag is separated, by waste paper and plastic bag detached three-level sorter;
Incinerator that the Other Waste that described heat treatment system includes isolating three-level sorter is burned and
Heat energy recycle device and cyclone dust extractor, described cyclone dust extractor is connected with the flue of incinerator, described cyclone dust removal
The particulate matter that device is collected returns incinerator and is burned, the heat energy that described heat energy recycle device produces to incinerator
Reclaimed and supplied decomposing system to utilize;
The Other Waste that described decomposing system includes isolating secondary classification device is refined and is decomposed the thin of sterilization
Gasifying device and decomposition decontaminating apparatuss;
Described cleaning system includes the flue gas that described heat treatment system is produced and the flue gas of described decomposing system discharge enters
The gas cleaning unit that row purifies;
Described first-level class device, secondary classification device, three-level sorter are linked in sequence successively, described incinerator with
Described three-level sorter connects, and described gas cleaning unit and heat energy recycle device are connected with described incinerator, institute
State device for thinning to be connected with described secondary classification device, described decomposition decontaminating apparatuss are connected with described device for thinning, described heat energy
Recycle device is connected with described decomposition decontaminating apparatuss.
Described first-level class device includes broken bag unit, separates the rough segmentation sieve unit of special-shaped object and stone, separates scrap iron
Pulse electromagnetic unit, the first rubbish transmission equipment unit and scrap iron collector unit;It is provided with rubbish above described broken bag unit
Holding tank, below described broken bag unit, described rough segmentation sieve apparatus connect described first rubbish transmission to described rough segmentation sieve unit
Unit, the top of described first rubbish transmission equipment unit is sequentially provided with pulse electromagnetic equipment, described pulse electromagnetic equipment
Unit is connected with scrap iron collector unit.
Described broken bag unit breaks screening device for drum-type cylinder mould, and described drum-type cylinder mould breaks screening device horizontal by 25-
The downward-sloping setting in 45 degree of angles, described drum-type cylinder mould breaks screening device and includes shell, cylinder mould and pricker, and described cylinder mould is located at described
Enclosure, described pricker is inside described cylinder mould.
Described drum-type cylinder mould breaks screening device and arranges horizontal by 30 degree of angles.
Described secondary classification device includes pneumatic separator and the second rubbish transmission equipment, and described pneumatic separator includes air-supply and sets
Standby, air channel and catcher, described blowing device is connected with air channel, and described air channel is just to described catcher, and described air channel and institute
State catcher to be coaxially disposed, described second rubbish transmission equipment leads to located at the rubbish of described first rubbish transmission equipment unit transmission
Immediately below road, described garbage shaft is vertically arranged with described air channel, and described air channel is upper located at described second rubbish transmission equipment
Side, described air channel and both sides in described garbage shaft for the described catcher.
Described catcher is conveyer belt type catcher, and described catcher is provided with the catching net for catching plastics and waste paper
Thorn.
Described decomposing system includes mechanical sizing equipment, fine crushing equipment, decomposes sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatuss, outut device and coarse pulverization
Equipment, described machinery sizing equipment is all connected with fine crushing equipment with coarse pulverization equipment, described fine crushing equipment and described decomposition
Sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatuss are connected, and described outut device is connected with described decomposition sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatuss.
Described gas cleaning unit includes wet scrubber, the first Smoke-heating device, denitrogenation device, smoke washer, wadding
Solidifying stillpot, neutralization chamber, defecator, emission-control equipment, blower fan, sack cleaner, sprayer-washer, the second flue gas
Device, cigarette tapping equipment and water tapping equipment, described wet scrubber, the first Smoke-heating device, denitrogenation device, flue gas washing
Device, flocculation sediment groove, neutralization chamber, defecator and water tapping equipment are linked in sequence successively, and flue gas is after described smoke washer
It is discharged in air by cigarette tapping equipment through described second Smoke-heating device, described emission-control equipment, blower fan, bag-type dusting
Device, sprayer-washer, neutralization chamber are linked in sequence successively, and described sack cleaner is connected with defecator, described sprayer-washer
It is connected with the second Smoke-heating device.
Described incinerator adopts mechanical grate incinerator, and described fire grate is arranged diagonally downward, and described fire grate includes drying
Area, combustion zone and burning-out zone, rubbish passes sequentially through dry section, combustion zone and burning-out zone, and the temperature of burning is 800-1000 degree, combustion
The burning time is 1.7-3s.
A kind of waste disposal method using above-mentioned municipal refuse purification utilization system it is characterised in that: include as follows
Step:
A. pretreatment: first scrap iron and special-shaped object and stone are separated;Then waste paper and plastics are separated;Again
The waste paper separated and plastics are separated;
B. refinement is decomposed and heat treatment: the Other Waste that secondary classification device is isolated is carried out with refinement and decomposes, to process
The Other Waste that three-level sorter is isolated carries out heat treatment;Described refinement decompose be exactly secondary classification separated described in its
His rubbish is pulverized and is sterilized with decomposition, and described heat treatment is exactly that the described Other Waste that three-level separates is burnt
Burn, and heat energy is recycled;
C. gas cleaning discharge: the flue gas that heat treatment is produced carries out purified treatment, enters to the ejection decomposing after sterilization
Row exhaust gas purification;The flue gas that heat treatment is produced carries out purified treatment and includes following flow process: a. flue gas is filtered through cyclone dust extractor
Particle-removing thing, and particulate matter is returned incinerator burning, b. flue gas sequentially passes through wet scrubber, the first flue gas dress again
Put, discharge after denitrogenation device, smoke washer and the second Smoke-heating device, the thing that smoke washer precipitates is successively through wadding
Discharged by water tapping equipment after solidifying stillpot, neutralization chamber, defecator;Exhaust gas purification includes following flow process: after decomposing sterilization
Ejection sequentially passes through cigarette after emission-control equipment, blower fan, sack cleaner, sprayer-washer and the second Smoke-heating device
Gas is discharged, and the dust filtering device in belt cleaner unit is discharged after filtering, after the neutralized filtration of the precipitate in Pen Liao scrubber
Discharge;
D. the rubbish after refinement is decomposed is used for moving back soil also field, improved soil, compost utilization or plants training materials;That isolates is useless
Ferrum is used for metallurgical processing;Waste paper is used for papermaking;Plastics are used for freshening diesel oil.
The present invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the structure of present system and feature fully show it to city rubbish
The process benefit of rubbish, overcomes and meets the defect on today's society, municipal refuse being run into and the demand processing, in city
The function of machine classification and the processing method of science be increased on waste disposal method, reduce processing cost, and simplify
The internal structure of cleaning equipment so as to easily fabricated, convenient to carry out, reduce equipment failure rate, be a not only safe and reliable,
Again energy-conserving and environment-protective, be easy to operation, make full use of secondary energy sources to process the cleaning system of municipal refuse, filled up municipal refuse machine
The defect that toolization is processed, is added technology and equipment guarantee for reducing artificial pollution environment, has returned and stacked due to municipal refuse
The a large amount of soils being occupied, also solve due to stacking and the contaminated land caused by landfill waste and the secondary dirt of groundwater resources
The classification of the problem of dye, more municipal refuse processes and has cleared away follow-up obstacle, and consuming bulky compared in prior art
Existing resource, for easily producing the cleaning system of secondary pollution in processing procedure, purifies in the whole cleaning system of the present invention
Equipment scale is little, and purification efficiency is high, using flexible.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are further described.
As Figure 1-4, a kind of municipal refuse purification utilization system it is characterised in that: include pretreatment system, resolving system
System, heat treatment system and cleaning system;
Described pretreatment system includes the first-level class device separating scrap iron and special-shaped object and stone, by waste paper and
The secondary classification device that plastic bag is separated, by waste paper and plastic bag detached three-level sorter;
Incinerator that the Other Waste that described heat treatment system includes isolating three-level sorter is burned and
Heat energy recycle device and cyclone dust extractor, described cyclone dust extractor is connected with the flue of incinerator, described cyclone dust removal
The particulate matter that device is collected returns incinerator and is burned, the heat energy that described heat energy recycle device produces to incinerator
Reclaimed and supplied decomposing system to utilize;
The Other Waste that described decomposing system includes isolating secondary classification device is refined and is decomposed the thin of sterilization
Gasifying device and decomposition decontaminating apparatuss;
Described cleaning system includes the flue gas that described heat treatment system is produced and the flue gas of described decomposing system discharge enters
The gas cleaning unit that row purifies;
Described first-level class device, secondary classification device, three-level sorter are linked in sequence successively, described incinerator with
Described three-level sorter connects, and described gas cleaning unit and heat energy recycle device are connected with described incinerator, institute
State device for thinning to be connected with described secondary classification device, described decomposition decontaminating apparatuss are connected with described device for thinning, described heat energy
Recycle device is connected with described decomposition decontaminating apparatuss.
Described first-level class device includes broken bag unit, separates the rough segmentation sieve unit of special-shaped object and stone, separates scrap iron
Pulse electromagnetic unit, the first rubbish transmission equipment unit and scrap iron collector unit;It is provided with rubbish above described broken bag unit
Holding tank, below described broken bag unit, described rough segmentation sieve apparatus connect described first rubbish transmission to described rough segmentation sieve unit
Unit, the top of described first rubbish transmission equipment unit is sequentially provided with pulse electromagnetic equipment, described pulse electromagnetic equipment
Unit is connected with scrap iron collector unit.
Described broken bag unit breaks screening device for drum-type cylinder mould, and described drum-type cylinder mould breaks screening device horizontal by 25-
The downward-sloping setting in 45 degree of angles, described drum-type cylinder mould breaks screening device and includes shell 2, cylinder mould 3 and pricker 1, described cylinder mould 3 located at
Inside described shell 2, described pricker 1 is inside described cylinder mould 3.
Described drum-type cylinder mould breaks screening device and arranges horizontal by 30 degree of angles.
Described secondary classification device includes pneumatic separator and the second rubbish transmission equipment, and described pneumatic separator includes air-supply and sets
Standby, air channel 4 and catcher 6, described blowing device is connected with air channel 4, and described air channel 4 is just to described catcher 6, and described air channel
4 are coaxially disposed with described catcher 6, and described second rubbish transmission equipment 5 is located at described first rubbish transmission equipment unit transmission
Garbage shaft immediately below, described garbage shaft is vertically arranged with described air channel 4, described air channel 4 located at described second rubbish pass
Send the top of equipment 5, described air channel 4 and both sides in described garbage shaft for the described catcher 6.
Described catcher 6 is conveyer belt type catcher 6, and described catcher 6 is provided with for catching catching of plastics and waste paper
Catch net thorn 7.
Described decomposing system includes mechanical sizing equipment, fine crushing equipment, decomposes sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatuss, outut device and coarse pulverization
Equipment, described machinery sizing equipment is all connected with fine crushing equipment with coarse pulverization equipment, described fine crushing equipment and described decomposition
Sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatuss are connected, and described outut device is connected with described decomposition sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatuss.
Described gas cleaning unit includes wet scrubber, the first Smoke-heating device, denitrogenation device, smoke washer, wadding
Solidifying stillpot, neutralization chamber, defecator, emission-control equipment, blower fan, sack cleaner, sprayer-washer, the second flue gas
Device, cigarette tapping equipment and water tapping equipment, described wet scrubber, the first Smoke-heating device, denitrogenation device, flue gas washing
Device, flocculation sediment groove, neutralization chamber, defecator and water tapping equipment are linked in sequence successively, and flue gas is after described smoke washer
It is discharged in air by cigarette tapping equipment through described second Smoke-heating device, described emission-control equipment, blower fan, bag-type dusting
Device, sprayer-washer, neutralization chamber are linked in sequence successively, and described sack cleaner is connected with defecator, described sprayer-washer
It is connected with the second Smoke-heating device.
Bulky compared in prior art and expend existing resource, easily in processing procedure produce secondary pollution
Cleaning system for, cleaning equipment small scale in the whole cleaning system of the present invention, purification efficiency is high, using flexible.
Described incinerator adopts mechanical grate incinerator, and described fire grate is arranged diagonally downward, and described fire grate includes drying
Area, combustion zone and burning-out zone, rubbish passes sequentially through dry section, combustion zone and burning-out zone, and the temperature of burning is 800-1000 degree, combustion
The burning time is 1.7-3s.
A kind of waste disposal method using above-mentioned municipal refuse purification utilization system it is characterised in that: include as follows
Step:
A. pretreatment: first scrap iron and special-shaped object and stone are separated;Then waste paper and plastics are separated;Again
The waste paper separated and plastics are separated;
B. refinement is decomposed and heat treatment: the Other Waste that secondary classification device is isolated is carried out with refinement and decomposes, to process
The Other Waste that three-level sorter is isolated carries out heat treatment;Described refinement decompose be exactly secondary classification separated described in its
His rubbish is pulverized and is sterilized with decomposition, and described heat treatment is exactly that the described Other Waste that three-level separates is burnt
Burn, and heat energy is recycled;
C. gas cleaning discharge: the flue gas that heat treatment is produced carries out purified treatment, enters to the ejection decomposing after sterilization
Row exhaust gas purification;The flue gas that heat treatment is produced carries out purified treatment and includes following flow process: a. flue gas is filtered through cyclone dust extractor
Particle-removing thing, and particulate matter is returned incinerator burning, b. flue gas sequentially passes through wet scrubber, the first flue gas dress again
Put, discharge after denitrogenation device, smoke washer and the second Smoke-heating device, the thing that smoke washer precipitates is successively through wadding
Discharged by water tapping equipment after solidifying stillpot, neutralization chamber, defecator;Exhaust gas purification includes following flow process: after decomposing sterilization
Ejection sequentially passes through cigarette after emission-control equipment, blower fan, sack cleaner, sprayer-washer and the second Smoke-heating device
Gas is discharged, and the dust filtering device in belt cleaner unit is discharged after filtering, after the neutralized filtration of the precipitate in Pen Liao scrubber
Discharge;
D. the rubbish after refinement is decomposed is used for moving back soil also field, improved soil, compost utilization or plants training materials;That isolates is useless
Ferrum is used for metallurgical processing;Waste paper is used for papermaking;Plastics are used for freshening diesel oil.
For the feature of more prominent municipal refuse cleaning system, overall garbage purification is divided into four using system by us
Individual subsystem;
Its purpose;
First;Make cleaning system more systematization, the phenomenon preventing secondary pollution in purification process occurs;
Second;Reduce the input of cleaning equipment, save the occupation of land consumption of cleaning system;
3rd;Combustion adjuvant in heat treatment system, we are using the waste grease through atomization;Raw coal is not used to be to help
Combustion agent, reduces pollution so as to save resources;
1st, the first-level class device of municipal refuse;
First-level class device;
Capital equipment has;First rubbish transmission equipment (conveyer belt), pulse electromagnetic device, rough segmentation sieve apparatus, drum-type net
Cage breaks screening device etc., and these equipment will will play an important role in refuse classification in purification the preliminary of initial stage, and remove wherein
The thing such as all kinds of scrap iron, be that lower treatment process together lays the first stone;
The effect of capital equipment;
①;Holding tank;It is the container slot in classified purified initial stage collection rubbish;
②;Cylinder mould breaks screening device;This cylinder mould breaks and selects machine equipment to be mainly used in the broken of plastic bag in rubbish and its packing material
Remove;Cylinder mould 3 is made up in 20 millimeters of iron net lattice of diameter;At charging aperture, diameter is big, discharging opening is little, gradient at 30 °, cylinder mould 3
, at 35 millimeters, diameter is in 5 millimeters of pricker 1 for interior setting length;Its effect is made by the deadweight of garbage, in angled and pricker
Rolling cage in significantly more efficient plastic bag is abolished, separate debris therein;
③;Rough segmentation sieve apparatus;The mainly thing such as abnormal shape, stone in cleaning rubbish;
④;Conveyer belt;Uniformly little panel is had on this kind of conveyer belt, its purpose can make pending rubbish more uniform enter
Enter pulse electromagnetic device;
⑤;Pulse electromagnetic device;The purpose of this pulse electromagnetic device is exactly will be clear for the material of the scrap iron composition in rubbish
Remove, and there is continuous removing constantly detached effect;
Therefore, though its species of rubbish is all many, pass through these equipment above-mentioned, the preliminary classification to rubbish will be played, after being
The purification classification of continuous rubbish is laid a solid foundation.
2nd, the secondary classification device of municipal refuse;
Secondary classification device;
Capital equipment has;Machine classification sieve, pneumatic separator, waste paper and plastic bag recovery device, coarse powder equipment etc., these set
Standby recovery of not only classifying in secondary classification, and the discarded of sorting can also be pulverized, to meet lower road to purify work
The needs of sequence;
The effect of capital equipment;
①;Machine classification sieves;It is the careful sub-sieve that rubbish is carried out again;Its purpose, is to have the residue in rubbish
The separation of effect, is beneficial to the process of next procedure;
②;Pneumatic separator;Just be by mean of wind-force that lighter garbage is classified, this kind of device be to breaing up after
Rubbish be aerated process, and using wind-force screening to the light thing floating using band pricker pull-in range reclaimed;Pass through
The article of this kind of device classification have;Waste plastics bag and waste paper are opened;
③;Waste paper and plastic bag recovery device;By in collected waste paper and plastic bag unified transmission three class sorting equipments
Sorted;
④;Coarse pulverization equipment;Using hammerhead disintegrating apparatus, larger executing garbage is pulverized, is beneficial to postorder
Cleaning procedure;
3;Municipal refuse three-level is classified;
The purpose of three-level classification is it is simply that the waste plastics bag of collecting selecting crude drugs with winnower and waste paper such as open at the valuable garbage is had
Effect separately, and the garbage of no value is used for burning disposal;
Will carry out secondary classification rubbish put into pneumatic separator, under the action of the forces of the wind, make light property be exactly plastic bag and
The thing down wind such as waste paper, is withdrawn by the catcher that mesh belt pierces, to be sorted;Because, in current municipal refuse
The proportion of house refuse shared by plastic bag be;4—7%.And reclaim 1 ton of waste plastics can 600 kilograms of freshening diesel oil.Reclaim
1500 tons of waste paper, can avoid cutting down the forest for producing 1200 tons of paper.Other garbages also have main inclusion discarded clothes, table
Cloth, washcloth, school bag, footwear etc..Recycled by integrated treatment, often reclaim 1 ton of scrap iron and steel and can refine 0.9 ton of steel, ratio is with ore deposit
Stone smelts cost-effective 47%, reduces air pollution 75%, reduces 97% water pollution and solid waste etc.;Accelerate garbage
Recovery, be advantageous for improving of overall situation, its meaning is far-reaching.
4;Incineration of waste;
①;The mesh ground burning;
Burn main purpose be to destroy the garbage of no value as far as possible by fire, make the material being incinerated be changed into harmless and
Volume reduction to greatest extent, and reduce the generation of new polluter as far as possible, it is to avoid cause secondary pollution.Produce also for municipal refuse
Life and accumulating amount, can realize making waste decrement, the toxicant thoroughly destroying by fire in waste simultaneously, and recycle burning generation
These three purposes of used heat.
②;The use of incinerator;
Incinerator has selected mechanical grate incinerator according to aggregative relative price;Operation principle: rubbish is entered by feed hopper
Enter fire grate (fire grate is divided into dry section, combustion zone, burning-out zone) diagonally downward, due to the crisscross motion between fire grate, by rubbish
Promote downwards, make rubbish pass sequentially through the regional on fire grate and (when rubbish enters into another area by an area, play one
The effect stood up greatly), until after-flame discharges burner hearth., at 800-1000 DEG C about, burning time is in 1.7 3s for the temperature of burning;
Combustion air mixes from the entrance of fire grate bottom and with rubbish;High-temperature flue gas produce vapourss, cigarette simultaneously by the heating surface of boiler
Gas is also cooled down, and last flue gas is discharged after flue-gas purification equipment process.
Conventional with current employing;Fluidized bed incinerator, pyrogenation incinerator, swinging incinerator compare, stoker fired grate
Incinerator is had the advantage that;
First;Move back and forth fire grate, grate area is larger, and furnace volume is larger
Second;Rubbish does not need pretreatment, and combustion air supply (according to operating mode) is easily adjusted;
3rd;Rubbish residing time in furnace is longer, and lime-ash clinker ignition loss is easily up to standard;
4th;Adaptability to rubbish water content, can adapt to the rubbish of different humidity by adjusting dryer section;
5th;Adaptability to rubbish inhomogeneities, can transport reciprocating motion by fire grate make rubbish invert so as to all
Even;
6th;Combustion medium is easier to without carrier, combustion conditions control, contains amount of dust relatively low in flue gas;
7th;Fume treatment is easier to, and maintenance load is less;Operating cost is low;Wide adaptability to engineering;8th;Right
The strong adaptability of rubbish, fault is few, and process performance is good, good environmental protection, and operating cost is relatively low;
③;Heat energy exports;
The heat energy that incinerator is obtained has two aspects;The first heat energy, by can directly produce band after burning in drum
There is the steam of pressure, this partial heat energy is directly used in decomposition and the sterilization of material;Second heat energy, is by burner hearth afterbody water circulation
The hot water energy being obtained, the purpose of this device is the temperature in order to reduce smoke evacuation;This partial heat energy amount can be used for drum
Supplement water and domestic water;
5;Flue gas purifying technique;
Incinerator, is the equipment of burning domestic garbage, and house refuse, in stove chamber inner combustion, is changed into waste gas and enters second-time burning
Room, burner (because the burning-point of rubbish sometimes is low, with the addition of nozzle according to the feature of rubbish, oxidizer is used oil etc.)
Forced burning under after burning completely;Through cyclone dust collector, separate larger particulate matter;Flue gas is made to enter back into wet dust removal
Device, hydrofilter sprays into limestone solution and makes a return journey except the acidity in flue gas;At this moment flue-gas temperature has been lowered to 140 DEG C, this
Sample is unfavorable for the denitrogenation of flue gas, so flue gas need to be carried out denitrogenation to 210 DEG C;The denitrogenation processing of flue gas, is in denitrogenation
Complete in device, be filled with titanium in the layering in denitrogenation device, vanadium, the oxide of tungsten are catalyst, and are passed through nh3, the addition of ammonia
Measure the 2%-3% for flue gas volume.In order to improve the dust removing effects in flue gas, flue gas is washed, to play depositing dust cooling
Effect, to the waste water producing in processing procedure, addition flocculant in stillpot is collected in unification;na2s、feso4.Stirred
Mix precipitation process, add acid or alkali to be neutralized filtration after removing precipitate, purified water discharges the recovered system of its filtering residue and returns
Carry out high-temperature process in incinerator, it is to avoid cause secondary pollution.In order to avoid flue gas emits white cigarette in discharge, this is in flue gas
There is substantial amounts of aqueous vapor institute extremely, enter air through chimney again after flue gas to be discharged need to be heated by recirculation heater.
Cleaning equipment is excessively huge;I thinks, municipal refuse should be gathered materials on the spot, and should not expend original money again
Source, so still can produce new polluter and easily produce secondary pollution in huge processing procedure;
So, can I will be processed in the patent that I declares and cleaning system has divided region, please you project;Whole
Cleaning equipment small scale is reacted, purification efficiency is high, using flexible in cleaning system;
6;The pulverizing of municipal refuse;
The things such as the rubbish by classification are pulverized, and its purpose is exactly the morphological element breaking its original cell so as to cell
Moisture content during being broken for the wall is separated, and is beneficial to and carries out pyrolytic;Because, in the garbage substance in city
Composition have a lot of not confirmability compositions;And, moisture content sometimes larger more than 80%, particularly in hot weather
It is easy to corruption, this is also vegetative hotbed, so it is necessary to breaking original structure component;Its disintegrating apparatus main
Structure;With the structure of cagem type head band blade, that is, material to be comminuted is when in access arrangement, strong in high speed and cage
Under the extrusion shearing of row, complete the pulverizing of material;
7;The decomposition sterilization of municipal refuse;
Mainly to be completed using the reactor of the internal sealed cylinder formula with agitating device;Reactor is provided with observation
Hole, temperature and pressure control operation disk, charging aperture and agitating device etc., when quantitative pending rubbish enters reactor, meter
Calculate chance and the response time is set automatically, during the course of the reaction in order to improve the effect that its reaction is decomposed, mixing plant can regularly stir
Mix, to guarantee to react decompose uniform, this thermal decomposition be a kind of can realize that waste is innoxious simultaneously, minimizing, resource
Treatment technology;Its specific reaction catabolic process;
High temperature, high-pressure decomposing;
After pending waste steady enters reactor, under the situation of 200 DEG C of high temperature and 20 air pressure of pressurization, ceaselessly
Stir and decompose sterilization 10-20 minute, following effect can be played;
First;Can in Processing for removing Materials Cell more than 80% moisture content, and eliminate the oxious component in material and toxin;
Second;This be also through pulverizing after garbage raw material cell wall broken, remove therein at high temperature under high pressure
Toxin and oxious component result;Deodorization, degerming effect are reached;
3rd;Some combustibles in these materials, change therein composition into by the decomposition of High Temperature High Pressure
Part eliminates hidden danger;
4th;By decomposing the processed material after the completion of sterilizing, soil also field can be moved back, be the best additive of improved soil;No
But can as the base material of compost, but also be the soil additive that plantation is cultivated;
8;High temperature pressure system;
High temperature pressure system;By in the gas-separating tank of the input sealing of produced high-temperature water vapor in burning, as with
High-temperature medium in the reaction kettle device of decomposition and sterilization, this high temperature heat is also through burning during processing rubbish
Obtain in unworthy remaining rubbish, this is also the secondary energy sources discarded in sufficient development and utilization;
9;Steam discharge cleaning equipment;
Steam discharge cleaning equipment, refers to the discharge having certain reaction gas when the raw material decomposing sterilization is in discharge,
Here it is produced toxic gas at high temperature, prevent consequent dust to be discharged in air with waste hot gas, with
Exempt to cause the cleaning equipment of secondary pollution;Cleaning equipment mainly includes;Induced-draught fan, lower the temperature water circulator, sack cleaner and spray
Drench scrubber, discharge after the flue gas heater in the flue gas purification system that the gas purifying is transported to burning;That washs is useless
Process in neutralization chamber in water input incineration flue gas system, after-purification water discharge to be filtered, filtering residue is together with sack cleaner
Filtering residue together recovered system, send into burning carry out high-temperature process, it is to avoid the generation of secondary pollution;
10;Municipal refuse raw material after process can play the role of following;
Garbage raw material after decomposing and disinfecting, not only aseptic harmless, and it is also used as compost utilization
Good base material, the particularly improvement to soil can play certain facilitation it is possible to go back field best method as moving back soil,
It is the best base material that plant growing is cultivated in nursery;
Above embodiments of the invention are described in detail, but described content have been only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention,
It is not to be regarded as the practical range for limiting the present invention.All impartial changes made according to the scope of the invention and improvement etc., all should
Still belong within this patent covering scope.