CN203656932U - Municipal waste purifying and utilizing system - Google Patents
Municipal waste purifying and utilizing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN203656932U CN203656932U CN201320896507.0U CN201320896507U CN203656932U CN 203656932 U CN203656932 U CN 203656932U CN 201320896507 U CN201320896507 U CN 201320896507U CN 203656932 U CN203656932 U CN 203656932U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a municipal waste purifying and utilizing system. The municipal waste purifying and utilizing system comprises a pre-treatment system, a decomposing system, a thermal treatment system and a purifying system. The pre-treatment system is used for separating scrap iron, special-shaped materials and stones and separating waste paper from plastic bags. The thermal treatment system comprises an incinerating device and a heat energy recovering and utilizing device. The heat energy recovering and utilizing device is used for recovering heat energy produced by the incinerating device and providing the recovered heat energy to be utilized by the decomposing system. The decomposing system comprises a refinement device used for refining garbage and a decomposing and disinfecting device used for decomposing and disinfecting garbage. The purifying system comprises a smoke purifying unit used for purifying smoke produced by the thermal treatment system and discharged by the decomposing system. The municipal waste purifying and utilizing system has following beneficial effects: a scientific processing method with the function of mechanical classification is added based on a municipal waste processing method; processing cost is lowered; the internal structure of purifying equipment is simplified; failure rate of equipment is reduced; occupied amount of land is minimized; secondary pollution is avoided; and the municipal waste purifying and utilizing system is easy in production and convenient in application.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to urban garbage treatment system field, more specifically, relates to a kind of municipal refuse purification utilization system.
Background technology
Along with Chinese rapid economic development, city quantity and population significantly increase, and city size and scope constantly expand.The particularly quickening of urbanization process, makes the output of domestic waste in continuous growth; In recent years, the annual growth rate of municipal refuse is to reach 5%-8%; Only calendar year 2001 China nearly 1.4 hundred million tons of the domestic waste amount of clearing.According to statistics, since 1979, China's domestic waste amount of clearing has experienced the stage of a sharp increase.Stop to nineteen ninety-five, growth rate is every year on average 8.98%, is increased to 10,748 ten thousand tons of nineteen ninety-five by 3,132 ten thousand tons in 1980.In recent years, the growth trend of the Municipal Solid Waste in China amount of clearing started to slow down, and had entered a low growth stage.1999, the National urban house refuse amount of clearing was 11,415 ten thousand tons, compared with nineteen ninety-five, had only increased by 6%, only increased by 1.5% every year on average.These numeral explanations, though the rapid growth impetus of municipal refuse has obtained some controls.But along with the cumulant of municipal refuse is increasing, it is very urgent that treatment of urban garbage has efficiently become." at the bottom of cut-off calendar year 2001, although 664 cities, the whole nation have 740 of all kinds of domestic garbage treatment plants (field), a year treating capacity is 7,835 ten thousand tons.Domestic rubbish disposal rate is by bringing up to 58.2% 2% of the eighties.Comparatively perfect harmless treatment landfill yard has been built up in many cities.The garbage burning factory that a collection of environmental protection standard is higher also puts into operation in succession, waste incineration and generating electricity and landfill gas recycling, and the resource technology such as garbage compost comparatively fast developed and applies, and obtained certain effect.Assessment of MSW Disposal Technologies has also obtained large development; But, have data show China city per capita rubbish annual production reach to 440 kilograms, within 1996, the domestic waste amount of clearing has reached hundred million tons of l, and every year with the speed increment of 8%-10%.By 2000, China's house refuse annual production will reach 1.5 hundred million tons.For a long time, the mode that China overwhelming majority cities adopt air storage, naturally fill out ditch and the fill out hole municipal refuse of dissolving, all causes real impact and potential harm to soil, underground water, atmosphere etc., and level of harmless treatment rate of life waste is less than 20%.At present, the house refuse amount that store up over the years in the whole nation has reached more than 60 hundred million tons, and appropriation of land area reaches more than 500,000,000 square metre, and the whole nation has more than 200 city to be absorbed among rubbish encirclement.Meanwhile, the economic loss that the annual solid waste in the whole nation causes and can utilize and the waste resource underused is worth and approximately reaches 30,000,000,000 yuans.
Garbage-surrounded city has beaten alarm bell to Chinese city.According to investigations, garbage-surrounded city quagmire is all got deeply stuck in more than 1/3 city of China.According to statistics, the city in the whole nation 1/4 does not have garbage loading embeading to stack place substantially.Though garbage-surrounded city problem proposed for a long time, effectively do not solved always, detour has all been walked in a lot of cities in garbage disposal problem, and just simple stacking, landfill had buried hidden danger to development in the future at that time.The rubbish that pile up like a mountain, as one huge " bomb ", is hidden at Urban Underground.Therefore, align the vast small and medium-sized cities in fast development, if do not resolve this problem, will make further developing of city become and have difficulty in walking.According to statistics, more than 600 main cities of China produces 1.6 hundred million tons, rubbish every year, 440 kilograms of rubbish annual productions per capita, and to exceed every year 10% speed increment; Wherein, that can carry out harmless treatment accounts for 66%, and nearly 1/3 rubbish can only carry out simple landfill, and has stacked or 8,000,000,000 tons, all kinds of rubbish of landfill in these cities, and rubbish is stored up 500,000,000 square metres of accumulative total appropriation of land, has 2/3 city to be surrounded by rubbish group.So, how to accelerate effective disposal and utilization of municipal refuse, be the important topic of the task of top priority.
At present, the domestic waste of formulating according to country can be divided into following kind:
One-level classification: Recyclable, Harmful Waste Bulky Waste, Compostable, Other Waste, combustiblerefuse.
Secondary classification: fabric, Bottle & Can, rubbish from cooking, battery, stationery, plastics, metal, glass.
House refuse generally can be divided into four large classes: recyclable rubbish, rubbish from cooking, Harmful Waste and Other Waste.
1, recyclable rubbish:
Can be divided into; Waste paper, plastics, glass, metal and the large class of cloth five.
1., waste paper mainly comprises newspaper, periodical, books, various wrapping paper, paper in the office, poster paper, carton etc., it should be noted that paper handkerchief and lavatory paper is not due to water-soluble recyclable too by force.
2., plastics mainly comprise various polybags, plastic packing article, disposable plastic fast food container and tableware, toothbrush, cup, mineral water bottle etc.
3., glass mainly comprises various vials, chunk glass, mirror, bulb, thermos flask etc.
4., metal object mainly comprises pop can, tin can, toothpaste etc.
5., cloth mainly comprises discarded clothes, tablecloth, washcloth, school bag, footwear etc.
2, rubbish from cooking:
In city dweller's rubbish, there are the foodstuff refuses such as quite a few leftovers leftovers, bone, dish green tops to discharge;
3, Harmful Waste:
Refuse battery, waste daylight lamp tube, useless mercurial thermometer, expired medicine etc., these rubbish need specific safety processing.Although, require at present the recovery of classifying of these Harmful Waste, but still produce little effect;
4, Other Waste:
This class rubbish, as; Brick and tile pottery, dregs, toilet waste paper and finishing waste and old and the old waste materials of replacing etc. are all difficult to reclaim.
At present, the garbage disposal in city is mainly divided into two kinds of forms;
The first: classification recycling;
This is the aim of country to treatment of urban garbage, though various circles of society are long-pending and response, adopts pilot district as typical case; But, reach real effect, also need long-term effort;
The second:
Utilize the mode of fermentation and landfill and burning to process;
1, the method for fermentation
Although the method for fermentation can make full use of the active ingredient in rubbish; But the fermentation period time is long, still can take a large amount of soils, still can cause secondary pollution to soil and air to a certain extent; And along with the development of society and urban construction, the generation ratio of rubbish is all cumulative year after year, its actual treating capacity is not catch up with its development speed far away;
2, the mode of landfill
The method of garbage disposal in traditional stacking land-fill method, takies up to ten thousand mu of soils mostly; And worm fly disorderly flies, and sewage overflows, and stinks to high heaven, severe contamination soil and groundwater resources and air ambient;
The method of 3, burning
The method of pure burning is to have certain difficultly to house refuse, because the burning-point of house refuse is very low, and moisture content is larger, and kind is numerous and diverse; So, need to add combustion adjuvant, for example; Waste oil and natural gas etc.; So not only can strengthen processing cost, and can increase the input of flue gas purifying equipment, because can produce the release of the noxious materials such as dioxin in the flue gas here, more can cause the secondary pollution of overall situation;
So, how to adopt effective processing method, in making full use of secondary resource, making again waste and old resource reclaim is fully the problem that we need to solve.
Utility model content
Problem to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of effective refuse disposal system and processing method, in making full use of secondary resource, makes again waste and old resource reclaim fully.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, concrete technical scheme of the present utility model is:
A kind of municipal refuse purification utilization system, is characterized in that: comprise pretreatment system, decomposing system, heat treatment system and cleaning system;
Described pretreatment system comprises the one-level sorter that scrap iron and special-shaped object and stone are separated, the secondary classification device that waste paper and polybag are separated, the reclassify device that waste paper is separated with polybag;
Described heat treatment system comprises incinerator and heat energy recycle device and cyclone dust collectors that isolated reclassify device Other Waste is burned, described cyclone dust collectors are connected with the flue of incinerator, the particle that described cyclone dust collector is collected returns to incinerator and burns, and the heat energy that described heat energy recycle device produces incinerator reclaims and supply with decomposing system utilization;
Described decomposing system comprises the device for thinning and the decomposition chlorination equipment that isolated secondary classification device Other Waste are carried out to refinement and decompose sterilization;
Described cleaning system comprises the gas cleaning unit that the flue gas of flue gas that described heat treatment system is produced and the discharge of described decomposing system purifies;
Described one-level sorter, secondary classification device, reclassify device are linked in sequence successively, described incinerator is connected with described reclassify device, described gas cleaning unit and heat energy recycle device are connected with described incinerator, described device for thinning is connected with described secondary classification device, described decomposition chlorination equipment is connected with described device for thinning, and described heat energy recycle device is connected with described decomposition chlorination equipment.
Described one-level sorter comprises broken bag unit, separates the rough segmentation sieve unit of special-shaped object and stone, separates the pulse electromagnetic unit of scrap iron, the first rubbish transfer equipment unit and scrap iron collector unit; Top, described broken bag unit is provided with rubbish holding tank, below, described broken bag unit is located in described rough segmentation sieve unit, described rough segmentation sieve apparatus connects described the first rubbish transfer equipment unit, the top of described the first rubbish transfer equipment unit is provided with pulse electromagnetic equipment successively, and described pulse electromagnetic unit is connected with scrap iron collector unit.
Described broken bag unit is the broken screening device of drum-type cylinder mould, the broken screening device of described drum-type cylinder mould is horizontal by the setting that has a down dip of 25-45 degree angle, the broken screening device of described drum-type cylinder mould comprises shell, cylinder mould and pricker, described cylinder mould is located at described enclosure, and described pricker is located at described cylinder mould inside.
The broken screening device of described drum-type cylinder mould arranges horizontal by 30 degree angles.
Described secondary classification device comprises pneumatic separator and the second rubbish transfer equipment, described pneumatic separator comprises blowing device, air channel and catcher, described blowing device is connected with air channel, described air channel is just to described catcher, and described air channel and described catcher coaxially arrange, described the second rubbish transfer equipment is located under the garbage shaft transmitting described the first rubbish transfer equipment unit, described garbage shaft is vertical with described air channel to be arranged, the top of described the second rubbish transfer equipment is located in described air channel, described air channel and described catcher are located at the both sides in described garbage shaft.
Described catcher is conveyer belt type catcher, and described catcher is provided with the catching net thorn for catching plastics and waste paper.
Described decomposing system comprises machinery point sieve apparatus, fine crushing equipment, decomposition sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus, output equipment and coarse crushing equipment, described machinery divides sieve apparatus to be all connected with fine crushing equipment with coarse crushing equipment, described fine crushing equipment is connected with described decomposition sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus, and described output equipment is connected with described decomposition sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus.
Described gas cleaning unit comprises wet scrubber, the first Smoke-heating device, denitrogenation device, smoke washer, flocculation sediment groove, neutralization chamber, filter, emission-control equipment, blower fan, sack cleaner, sprayer-washer, the second Smoke-heating device, cigarette tapping equipment and water tapping equipment, described wet scrubber, the first Smoke-heating device, denitrogenation device, smoke washer, flocculation sediment groove, neutralization chamber, filter and water tapping equipment are linked in sequence successively, flue gas is discharged in atmosphere by cigarette tapping equipment through described the second Smoke-heating device after described smoke washer, described emission-control equipment, blower fan, sack cleaner, sprayer-washer, neutralization chamber is linked in sequence successively, described sack cleaner is connected with filter, described sprayer-washer is connected with the second Smoke-heating device.
Described incinerator adopts mechanical grate incinerator, described fire grate is tilted to lower setting, and described fire grate comprises dry section, combustion zone and burning-out zone, and rubbish is successively by dry section, combustion zone and burning-out zone, the temperature of burning is 800-1000 degree, and be 1.7-3s burning time.
A waste disposal method that utilizes above-mentioned municipal refuse purification utilization system, comprises the steps:
A. pretreatment: first scrap iron and special-shaped object and stone are separated; Then waste paper and plastics are separated; Again the waste paper of separating and plastics are separated;
B. refinement decomposition and heat treatment: the isolated Other Waste of secondary classification device is carried out to refinement decomposition, to heat-treating through the isolated Other Waste of reclassify device; Described refinement decompose that the described Other Waste exactly secondary classification being separated is pulverized and and decompose sterilization, described heat treatment is exactly that the described Other Waste that reclassify is separated burns, and heat energy is recycled;
C. gas cleaning discharge: the flue gas that heat treatment is produced carries out purified treatment, carries out exhaust gas purification to the effluent decomposing after sterilization; The flue gas that heat treatment is produced carries out purified treatment and comprises following flow process: a. flue gas is through cyclone dust collectors filtering particle, and particle is returned to incinerator and burn, b. flue gas is discharged successively after wet scrubber, the first Smoke-heating device, denitrogenation device, smoke washer and the second Smoke-heating device again, and the thing that smoke washer precipitates is discharged by water tapping equipment successively after flocculation sediment groove, neutralization chamber, filter; Exhaust gas purification comprises following flow process: the effluent decomposing after sterilization is discharged flue gas successively after emission-control equipment, blower fan, sack cleaner, sprayer-washer and the second Smoke-heating device, dust filtering device in belt deduster is discharged after filtering, and has sprayed the sediment in washer and has discharged after neutralization is filtered;
D. the rubbish after refinement decomposition is used for moving back native also field, improvement soil, compost utilization or plants training materials; Isolated scrap iron is for metallurgical processing; Waste paper is for papermaking; Plastics are for freshening diesel oil.
Advantage and the good effect that the utlity model has are: the structure and characteristics of the utility model system fully shows its processing benefit to municipal refuse, the defect that on society, municipal refuse run into and the demand of processing are overcome and have met, the function of mechanical classification and the processing method of science on treating method for urban garbage, are increased, reduce processing cost, and simplify the internal structure of cleaning equipment, make it be easy to manufacture, be convenient to implement, reduce equipment failure rate, a not only safe and reliable, energy-conserving and environment-protective again, convenient operation, make full use of secondary energy sources and process the cleaning system of municipal refuse, fill up the defect of municipal refuse mechanization processing, increase technology and equipment guarantee for reducing artificial pollution environment, return because municipal refuse is stacked a large amount of soils that occupy, also solved owing to stacking and the contaminated land that causes of landfill waste and the problem of groundwater resources secondary pollution, more follow-up obstacle has been cleared away in the classification processing of municipal refuse, compared to bulky in prior art, and expend existing resource, easily in processing procedure, produce the cleaning system of secondary pollution, cleaning equipment small scale in the whole cleaning system of the utility model, purification efficiency is high, use flexibly.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model system;
Fig. 2 is the broken screening device structural representation of drum-type cylinder mould of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of pneumatic separator of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 is technological process for flue gas purification figure of the present utility model.
In figure: 1. pricker, 2. shell, 3. cylinder mould, 4. air channel, 5. the second rubbish transfer equipment, 6. catcher, 7. catching net thorn.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present utility model is further described.
As Figure 1-4, a kind of municipal refuse purification utilization system, is characterized in that: comprise pretreatment system, decomposing system, heat treatment system and cleaning system;
Described pretreatment system comprises the one-level sorter that scrap iron and special-shaped object and stone are separated, the secondary classification device that waste paper and polybag are separated, the reclassify device that waste paper is separated with polybag;
Described heat treatment system comprises incinerator and heat energy recycle device and cyclone dust collectors that isolated reclassify device Other Waste is burned, described cyclone dust collectors are connected with the flue of incinerator, the particle that described cyclone dust collector is collected returns to incinerator and burns, and the heat energy that described heat energy recycle device produces incinerator reclaims and supply with decomposing system utilization;
Described decomposing system comprises the device for thinning and the decomposition chlorination equipment that isolated secondary classification device Other Waste are carried out to refinement and decompose sterilization;
Described cleaning system comprises the gas cleaning unit that the flue gas of flue gas that described heat treatment system is produced and the discharge of described decomposing system purifies;
Described one-level sorter, secondary classification device, reclassify device are linked in sequence successively, described incinerator is connected with described reclassify device, described gas cleaning unit and heat energy recycle device are connected with described incinerator, described device for thinning is connected with described secondary classification device, described decomposition chlorination equipment is connected with described device for thinning, and described heat energy recycle device is connected with described decomposition chlorination equipment.
Described one-level sorter comprises broken bag unit, separates the rough segmentation sieve unit of special-shaped object and stone, separates the pulse electromagnetic unit of scrap iron, the first rubbish transfer equipment unit and scrap iron collector unit; Top, described broken bag unit is provided with rubbish holding tank, below, described broken bag unit is located in described rough segmentation sieve unit, described rough segmentation sieve apparatus connects described the first rubbish transfer equipment unit, the top of described the first rubbish transfer equipment unit is provided with pulse electromagnetic equipment successively, and described pulse electromagnetic unit is connected with scrap iron collector unit.
Described broken bag unit is the broken screening device of drum-type cylinder mould, the broken screening device of described drum-type cylinder mould is horizontal by the setting that has a down dip of 25-45 degree angle, the broken screening device of described drum-type cylinder mould comprises shell 2, cylinder mould 3 and pricker 1, described cylinder mould 3 is located at described shell 2 inside, and described pricker 1 is located at described cylinder mould 3 inside.
The broken screening device of described drum-type cylinder mould arranges horizontal by 30 degree angles.
Described secondary classification device comprises pneumatic separator and the second rubbish transfer equipment, described pneumatic separator comprises blowing device, air channel 4 and catcher 6, described blowing device is connected with air channel 4, described air channel 4 is just to described catcher 6, and described air channel 4 coaxially arranges with described catcher 6, described the second rubbish transfer equipment 5 is located under the garbage shaft transmitting described the first rubbish transfer equipment unit, the setting vertical with described air channel 4 of described garbage shaft, the top of described the second rubbish transfer equipment 5 is located in described air channel 4, the both sides in described garbage shaft are located at described catcher 6 in described air channel 4.
Described catcher 6 is conveyer belt type catcher 6, and described catcher 6 is provided with the catching net thorn 7 for catching plastics and waste paper.
Described decomposing system comprises machinery point sieve apparatus, fine crushing equipment, decomposition sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus, output equipment and coarse crushing equipment, described machinery divides sieve apparatus to be all connected with fine crushing equipment with coarse crushing equipment, described fine crushing equipment is connected with described decomposition sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus, and described output equipment is connected with described decomposition sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus.
Described gas cleaning unit comprises wet scrubber, the first Smoke-heating device, denitrogenation device, smoke washer, flocculation sediment groove, neutralization chamber, filter, emission-control equipment, blower fan, sack cleaner, sprayer-washer, the second Smoke-heating device, cigarette tapping equipment and water tapping equipment, described wet scrubber, the first Smoke-heating device, denitrogenation device, smoke washer, flocculation sediment groove, neutralization chamber, filter and water tapping equipment are linked in sequence successively, flue gas is discharged in atmosphere by cigarette tapping equipment through described the second Smoke-heating device after described smoke washer, described emission-control equipment, blower fan, sack cleaner, sprayer-washer, neutralization chamber is linked in sequence successively, described sack cleaner is connected with filter, described sprayer-washer is connected with the second Smoke-heating device.
Compared to bulky in prior art and expend existing resource, easily in processing procedure, produce the cleaning system of secondary pollution, cleaning equipment small scale in the whole cleaning system of the utility model, purification efficiency is high, uses flexibly.
Described incinerator adopts mechanical grate incinerator, described fire grate is tilted to lower setting, and described fire grate comprises dry section, combustion zone and burning-out zone, and rubbish is successively by dry section, combustion zone and burning-out zone, the temperature of burning is 800-1000 degree, and be 1.7-3s burning time.
A waste disposal method that utilizes above-mentioned municipal refuse purification utilization system, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
A. pretreatment: first scrap iron and special-shaped object and stone are separated; Then waste paper and plastics are separated; Again the waste paper of separating and plastics are separated;
B. refinement decomposition and heat treatment: the isolated Other Waste of secondary classification device is carried out to refinement decomposition, to heat-treating through the isolated Other Waste of reclassify device; Described refinement decompose that the described Other Waste exactly secondary classification being separated is pulverized and and decompose sterilization, described heat treatment is exactly that the described Other Waste that reclassify is separated burns, and heat energy is recycled;
C. gas cleaning discharge: the flue gas that heat treatment is produced carries out purified treatment, carries out exhaust gas purification to the effluent decomposing after sterilization; The flue gas that heat treatment is produced carries out purified treatment and comprises following flow process: a. flue gas is through cyclone dust collectors filtering particle, and particle is returned to incinerator and burn, b. flue gas is discharged successively after wet scrubber, the first Smoke-heating device, denitrogenation device, smoke washer and the second Smoke-heating device again, and the thing that smoke washer precipitates is discharged by water tapping equipment successively after flocculation sediment groove, neutralization chamber, filter; Exhaust gas purification comprises following flow process: the effluent decomposing after sterilization is discharged flue gas successively after emission-control equipment, blower fan, sack cleaner, sprayer-washer and the second Smoke-heating device, dust filtering device in belt deduster is discharged after filtering, and has sprayed the sediment in washer and has discharged after neutralization is filtered;
D. the rubbish after refinement decomposition is used for moving back native also field, improvement soil, compost utilization or plants training materials; Isolated scrap iron is for metallurgical processing; Waste paper is for papermaking; Plastics are for freshening diesel oil.
For the feature of more outstanding municipal refuse cleaning system, we utilize system to be divided into four subsystems overall garbage purification;
Its object;
First; Make cleaning system systematization more, the phenomenon of stopping secondary pollution in purification process occurs;
Second; Reduce the input of cleaning equipment, save the occupation of land consumption of cleaning system;
The 3rd; Combustion adjuvant in heat treatment system, we use the waste grease through atomization; Do not use raw coal for combustion adjuvant, reduce and pollute so as to saving resource;
1, the one-level sorter of municipal refuse;
One-level sorter;
Capital equipment has; The first rubbish transfer equipment (conveyer belt), pulse electromagnetic device, rough segmentation sieve apparatus, the broken screening device of drum-type cylinder mould etc., these equipment will will play important effect in refuse classification the preliminary of the initial stage of purification, and remove the things such as wherein each class scrap iron, for lower treatment process together lays the first stone;
The effect of capital equipment;
1.; Holding tank; It is the container slot of collecting rubbish at the classified purified initial stage;
2.; Cylinder mould breaks screening device; This cylinder mould is broken selects machine equipment to be mainly used in abolishing of polybag in rubbish and packing material thereof; Cylinder mould 3 is to be made up at the iron grid of 20 millimeters of diameter; Charging aperture place diameter is large, discharging is young, and gradient is at 30 °, and the interior length that arranges of cylinder mould 3 is at 35 millimeters, and diameter is at the pricker 1 of 5 millimeters; Its effect is the deadweight by discarded object, have angle and pricker roll cage in more effectively polybag is abolished, separate foreign material wherein;
3.; Rough segmentation sieve apparatus; Mainly the things such as special-shaped in cleaning rubbish, stone;
4.; Conveyer belt; On this class conveyer belt, have uniform little lattice plate, its object can make pending rubbish enter more uniformly pulse electromagnetic device;
5.; Pulse electromagnetic device; The object of this pulse electromagnetic device is exactly that the material of the scrap iron composition in rubbish is disposed, and has the effect that continuous removing constantly separates;
Therefore, though its kind of rubbish is all many, by above-mentioned these equipment, by the preliminary classification playing rubbish, for the purification classification of follow-up rubbish is laid a solid foundation.
2, the secondary classification device of municipal refuse;
Secondary classification device;
Capital equipment has; Machinery classifying screen, pneumatic separator, waste paper and plastic bag recovery device, meal equipment etc., the recovery of not only classifying in secondary classification of these equipment, and the discarded of sorting can also be pulverized, to meet the needs of lower road cleaning procedure;
The effect of capital equipment;
1.; Machinery classifying screen; That rubbish is carried out to careful sub-sieve again; Its object, is that the residue in rubbish is effectively separated, and is beneficial to the processing of next procedure;
2.; Pneumatic separator; By means of wind-force, lighter discarded object is classified exactly, this class device is to the processing of ventilating of the rubbish after breaing up, and utilizes the screening of wind-force to adopt band pricker pull-in range to be reclaimed to the light thing floating; Article by this class device classification have; Waste plastics bag and waste paper are opened etc.;
3.; Waste paper and plastic bag recovery device; Collected waste paper and unified the transmission in three class sorting equipments of polybag are sorted;
4.; Coarse crushing equipment; Adopt hammerhead disintegrating apparatus, larger executing garbage is pulverized, be beneficial to the cleaning procedure of postorder;
3; Municipal refuse reclassify;
The object of reclassify, the waste plastics bag of exactly selection by winnowing being collected and waste paper the valuable discarded object such as are opened and are effectively separated, and by the discarded object without value for burning disposal;
The rubbish that carries out secondary classification is dropped into pneumatic separator, and under the effect of wind-force, making light property is exactly the thing such as polybag and waste paper down wind, and the catcher being stung by mesh belt is regained, to sort; Because the proportion of the shared house refuse of polybag in current municipal refuse is; 4-7%.And reclaim 1 ton of waste plastics can freshening the diesel oil of 600 kilograms.Reclaim 1500 tons of waste paper, can avoid the forest of felling for the production of 1200 tons of paper.Other discarded object also has main comprise discarded clothes, tablecloth, washcloth, school bag, footwear etc.Recycle by integrated treatment, 1 ton of scrap iron and steel of every recovery can refine 0.9 ton of steel, than cost-saving 47% with ore smelting, reduces air pollution 75%, reduces that 97% water pollutes and solid waste etc.; Accelerating the recovery of discarded object, is to be conducive to improving of overall situation, and its meaning is far-reaching.
4; Incineration of waste;
1.; The order ground burning;
The main purpose of burning is the discarded object destroying by fire as far as possible without value, makes the material being burned become harmless and subtract to greatest extent appearance, and reduces the generation of new polluter as far as possible, avoids causing secondary pollution.Also produce and accumulating amount for municipal refuse, can realize simultaneously and make refuse decrement, thoroughly destroy the toxicant in refuse by fire, and recycle and burn these three objects of used heat that produce.
2.; The use of incinerator;
Incinerator has been selected mechanical grate incinerator according to aggregative relative price; Operation principle: rubbish enters the fire grate (fire grate is divided into dry section, combustion zone, burning-out zone) under being tilted to by feed hopper, due to the crisscross motion between fire grate, rubbish is promoted downwards, make rubbish successively by the regional on fire grate (when rubbish You Yige district enters into another district, play an effect of standing up greatly), until after-flame is discharged burner hearth.The temperature of burning is 800-1000 DEG C of left and right, and burning time is at 1.7-3s; Combustion air enters from fire grate bottom and mixes with rubbish; High-temperature flue gas produces vapours by the heating surface of boiler, and while flue gas also obtains cooling, and last flue gas is discharged after flue-gas purification equipment is processed.
Conventional with current employing; Fluidized bed incinerator, pyrogenation incinerator, swinging incinerator are compared, and mechanical grate incinerator has advantages of;
First; Move back and forth fire grate, grate area is larger, and furnace volume is larger
Second; Rubbish does not need pretreatment, and combustion air is supplied with (according to operating mode) and easily regulated;
The 3rd; Rubbish residing time in furnace is longer, and the hot burn decrement rate of lime-ash is easily up to standard;
The 4th; To the adaptability of rubbish water content, can adapt to by adjusting dryer section the rubbish of different humidity;
The 5th; To the adaptive capacity of rubbish inhomogeneities, can transport reciprocating cutter to by fire grate and make rubbish reversion, make it even;
The 6th; Combustion medium is without carrier, and combustion conditions control is easier, lower containing amount of dust in flue gas;
The 7th; Flue gas is processed easier, and maintenance load is less; Operating cost is low; To the wide adaptability of engineering; The 8th; To the strong adaptability of rubbish, fault is few, and handling property is good, good environmental protection, and operating cost is lower;
3.; Heat energy output;
The heat energy that incinerator obtains has two aspects; The first heat energy, can directly produce steam with pressure after burning by drum is inherent, and this part heat energy is directly used in decomposition and the sterilization of material; The second heat energy, is the hot water energy being obtained by burner hearth afterbody water circulation, and the object of this device is the temperature in order to reduce smoke evacuation; This part thermal energy can be used for supplementing water and the domestic water of drum;
5; Flue gas purifying technique;
Incinerator, is the equipment of burning domestic garbage, and house refuse is at stove chamber inner combustion, become waste gas and enter secondary combustion chamber, after burning completely under the forced burning of burner (because the burning-point of rubbish is sometimes low, added nozzle according to the feature of rubbish, oxidizer is used oil etc.); Through cyclone dust collector, separate larger particle; Make flue gas enter wet scrubber, hydrofilter sprays into lime stone solution and removes the acidity in flue gas again; At this moment flue-gas temperature has been reduced to 140 DEG C, is unfavorable for like this denitrogenation of flue gas, so flue gas to 210 DEG C need be carried out to denitrogenation; The denitrogenation processing of flue gas completes in denitrogenation device, and the oxide that is filled with titanium, vanadium, tungsten in the layering in denitrogenation device is catalyst, and passes into NH3, the 2%-3% that the addition of ammonia is flue gas volume.In order to improve the dust removing effects in flue gas, flue gas is washed, to play the effect of depositing dust cooling, to the waste water producing in processing procedure, unified collecting adds flocculant in stillpot; Na2S, FeSO4.Stir precipitation process, add acid or alkali to neutralize filtration after removing sediment, its filter residue of discharge of purifying waste water is restored in incinerator and carries out high-temperature process through recovery system, avoids causing secondary pollution.In the time discharging, emit white cigarette for fear of flue gas, this is in flue gas, to have a large amount of aqueous vapor institutes extremely, after flue gas to be discharged need being heated by recirculation heater, enters atmosphere again through chimney.Compared to bulky in prior art and expend existing resource, easily in processing procedure, produce the cleaning system of secondary pollution, cleaning equipment small scale in the whole cleaning system of the utility model, purification efficiency is high, uses flexibly.
6; The pulverizing of municipal refuse;
The things such as the rubbish of classification are pulverized, and its object is exactly the morphological element that breaks its original cell, and the moisture content of its cell membrane in the process being broken is separated, and is beneficial to carry out pyrolytic; Because the composition in the garbage substance in city has a lot of not confirmability compositions; And moisture content sometimes more than 80%, is particularly easy to corruption at hot weather more greatly, this is also vegetative hotbed, so, must break original structure component; The primary structure of its disintegrating apparatus; With the structure of cagem type head band blade, namely wait the material of pulverizing when in access arrangement, at a high speed and under cage extrusion shearing by force, completed the pulverizing of material;
7; The decomposition sterilization of municipal refuse;
Mainly to adopt the reactor of the inner sealed cylinder formula with agitating device to complete; Reactor is provided with peep hole, temperature and pressure control operation dish, charging aperture and agitating device etc., in the time that quantitatively pending rubbish enters reactor, the computer meeting Lookup protocol reaction time, in course of reaction in order to improve the effect of its reaction decomposes, mixing plant meeting timing agitation, with guarantee reaction decomposes evenly, this thermal decomposition be a kind ofly can realize that refuse is innoxious simultaneously, the treatment technology of minimizing, resource; The reaction decomposes process that it is concrete;
High temperature, high-pressure decomposing;
Pending rubbish quantitatively enters after reactor, under the situation of the high temperature of 200 DEG C and 20 air pressure of pressurization, ceaselessly stirs and decomposes sterilization 10-20 minute, can play following effect;
First; Moisture content in can Processing for removing material cell more than 80%, and eliminate oxious component and the toxin in material;
Second; This be also through pulverizing after garbage raw material cell membrane broken, under HTHP, removed toxin and oxious component result wherein; Reach the effect of deodorizing, degerming;
The 3rd; Some combustible in these materials, the composition changing wherein by the decomposition of HTHP has been eliminated hidden danger;
The 4th; Handled thing after having sterilized by decomposition, can move back also field of soil, is the best additive of improvement soil; Not only can be used as the base-material of compost, but also be the soil additive that plantation is cultivated;
8; High temperature pressure system;
High temperature pressure system; By in the gas-separating tank of the high-temperature water vapor input sealing producing in burning, as high-temperature medium in the reactor device for decomposing and sterilize, this high temperature heat is also in the rubbish through the unworthy remnants of burning, to obtain in the process of disposal of refuse, and this is also at the sufficient discarded secondary energy sources of development and utilization;
9; Steam discharge cleaning equipment;
Steam discharge cleaning equipment, referring to through decomposing the raw material of sterilizing in the time discharging, have the discharge of certain reaction gas, is the toxic gas that at high temperature produced here, prevent that consequent dust from going along with waste hot gas is discharged in atmosphere, in order to avoid cause the cleaning equipment of secondary pollution; Cleaning equipment mainly comprises; Induced-draught fan, temperature lowering water circulator, sack cleaner and sprayer-washer discharge after the gas purifying is transported to the flue gas heater in the flue gas purification system of burning; In neutralization chamber in the waste water input incineration flue gas system of washing, process, after-purification water discharge to be filtered, filter residue, is sent into burn and is carried out high-temperature process together through recovery system together with the filter residue of sack cleaner, avoids the generation of secondary pollution;
10; Municipal refuse raw material after treatment can have following effect;
Through decomposing the garbage raw material after disinfecting, not only aseptic harmless, but also can be used as the best base-material that compost utilizes, particularly can play certain facilitation to the improvement of soil, and can be used as and move back also field best method of soil, be also to grow seedlings to cultivate the best base-material of planting;
Above embodiment of the present utility model is had been described in detail, but described content is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, can not be considered to for limiting practical range of the present utility model.All equalization variation and improvement etc. of doing according to the utility model scope, within all should still belonging to this patent covering scope.
Claims (9)
1. a municipal refuse purification utilization system, is characterized in that: comprise pretreatment system, decomposing system, heat treatment system and cleaning system;
Described pretreatment system comprises the one-level sorter that scrap iron and special-shaped object and stone are separated, the secondary classification device that waste paper and polybag are separated, the reclassify device that waste paper is separated with polybag;
Described heat treatment system comprises incinerator and heat energy recycle device and cyclone dust collectors that isolated reclassify device Other Waste is burned, described cyclone dust collectors are connected with the flue of incinerator, the particle that described cyclone dust collector is collected returns to incinerator and burns, and the heat energy that described heat energy recycle device produces incinerator reclaims and supply with decomposing system utilization;
Described decomposing system comprises the device for thinning and the decomposition chlorination equipment that isolated secondary classification device Other Waste are carried out to refinement and decompose sterilization;
Described cleaning system comprises the gas cleaning unit that the flue gas of flue gas that described heat treatment system is produced and the discharge of described decomposing system purifies;
Described one-level sorter, secondary classification device, reclassify device are linked in sequence successively, described incinerator is connected with described reclassify device, described gas cleaning unit and heat energy recycle device are connected with described incinerator, described device for thinning is connected with described secondary classification device, described decomposition chlorination equipment is connected with described device for thinning, and described heat energy recycle device is connected with described decomposition chlorination equipment.
2. municipal refuse purification utilization system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described one-level sorter comprises broken bag unit, separate the rough segmentation sieve unit of special-shaped object and stone, separate the pulse electromagnetic unit of scrap iron, the first rubbish transfer equipment unit and scrap iron collector unit; Top, described broken bag unit is provided with rubbish holding tank, below, described broken bag unit is located in described rough segmentation sieve unit, described rough segmentation sieve apparatus connects described the first rubbish transfer equipment unit, the top of described the first rubbish transfer equipment unit is provided with pulse electromagnetic equipment successively, and described pulse electromagnetic unit is connected with scrap iron collector unit.
3. municipal refuse purification utilization system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described broken bag unit is the broken screening device of drum-type cylinder mould, the broken screening device of described drum-type cylinder mould is horizontal by the setting that has a down dip of 25-45 degree angle, the broken screening device of described drum-type cylinder mould comprises shell, cylinder mould and pricker, described cylinder mould is located at described enclosure, and described pricker is located at described cylinder mould inside.
4. municipal refuse purification utilization system according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the broken screening device of described drum-type cylinder mould arranges horizontal by 30 degree angles.
5. municipal refuse purification utilization system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described secondary classification device comprises pneumatic separator and the second rubbish transfer equipment, described pneumatic separator comprises blowing device, air channel and catcher, described blowing device is connected with air channel, described air channel is just to described catcher, and described air channel and described catcher coaxially arrange, described the second rubbish transfer equipment is located under the garbage shaft transmitting described the first rubbish transfer equipment unit, described garbage shaft is vertical with described air channel to be arranged, the top of described the second rubbish transfer equipment is located in described air channel, described air channel and described catcher are located at the both sides in described garbage shaft.
6. municipal refuse purification utilization system according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described catcher is conveyer belt type catcher, and described catcher is provided with the catching net thorn for catching plastics and waste paper.
7. municipal refuse purification utilization system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described decomposing system comprises machinery point sieve apparatus, fine crushing equipment, decomposition sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus, output equipment and coarse crushing equipment, described machinery divides sieve apparatus to be all connected with fine crushing equipment with coarse crushing equipment, described fine crushing equipment is connected with described decomposition sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus, and described output equipment is connected with described decomposition sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus.
8. municipal refuse purification utilization system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described gas cleaning unit comprises wet scrubber, the first Smoke-heating device, denitrogenation device, smoke washer, flocculation sediment groove, neutralization chamber, filter, emission-control equipment, blower fan, sack cleaner, sprayer-washer, the second Smoke-heating device, cigarette tapping equipment and water tapping equipment, described wet scrubber, the first Smoke-heating device, denitrogenation device, smoke washer, flocculation sediment groove, neutralization chamber, filter and water tapping equipment are linked in sequence successively, flue gas is discharged in atmosphere by cigarette tapping equipment through described the second Smoke-heating device after described smoke washer, described emission-control equipment, blower fan, sack cleaner, sprayer-washer, neutralization chamber is linked in sequence successively, described sack cleaner is connected with filter, described sprayer-washer is connected with the second Smoke-heating device.
9. according to the municipal refuse purification utilization system described in claim 1-8 any one, it is characterized in that: described incinerator adopts mechanical grate incinerator, described fire grate is tilted to lower setting, described fire grate comprises dry section, combustion zone and burning-out zone, rubbish is successively by dry section, combustion zone and burning-out zone, the temperature of burning is 800-1000 degree, and be 1.7-3s burning time.
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| CN201320896507.0U CN203656932U (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2013-12-31 | Municipal waste purifying and utilizing system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103712217A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-09 | 天津市润彤磬科技发展有限公司 | Urban garbage purifying utilizing system and garbage processing method |
| CN109210546A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-01-15 | 中节能（连云港）清洁技术发展有限公司 | A kind of incineration plants material hole refuse processing method |
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2013
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103712217A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-09 | 天津市润彤磬科技发展有限公司 | Urban garbage purifying utilizing system and garbage processing method |
| CN103712217B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2017-01-18 | 天津市润彤磬科技发展有限公司 | Urban garbage purifying utilizing system and garbage processing method |
| CN109210546A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-01-15 | 中节能（连云港）清洁技术发展有限公司 | A kind of incineration plants material hole refuse processing method |
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