CN103702832A - 生产卡体的方法 - Google Patents

生产卡体的方法 Download PDF

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CN103702832A
CN103702832A CN201280036535.3A CN201280036535A CN103702832A CN 103702832 A CN103702832 A CN 103702832A CN 201280036535 A CN201280036535 A CN 201280036535A CN 103702832 A CN103702832 A CN 103702832A
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玛丽亚德马尔.赛古拉
G.雷唐多
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Abstract

提出了一种生产用于便携式数据介质的坚硬的多层卡体的方法,包括以下步骤:提供由不透明塑料制成的层(3)(104);提供由碳纤维组织制成的碳纤维层(2,4)(102);用环氧树脂浸渍碳纤维层(2,4)(102);烘烤层(2,3,4)以产生半成品(110);以丝网印刷或胶印工艺将图案(12)印刷在半成品的碳纤维层的上侧(114);将塑料层(3)层压在印刷的上侧(118);借助分离工具使卡体从半成品脱离,所述分离工具沿描绘卡体的边缘轮廓的路径相对于半成品被引导。

Description

生产卡体的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及制造用于便携式数据载体的、基于碳纤维的卡体。具体地说,本发明涉及制造用于信用卡形式或芯片卡形式的便携式数据载体的卡体。
背景技术
信用卡形式的卡形便携式数据载体是普遍的。它们尤其用作现金卡或身份证,或者用作较小形式的验证卡或存储卡。大部分卡片配备有磁条和/或微处理器以及用于读取装置的数据界面,读取装置使得可借助卡片实施数据处理任务。微处理器IC例如经由十分小的尺寸制成特别防篡改的,但是与例如用于PC的标准微处理器相比,具有明显降低的计算能力,因此它们受限于资源。提及类型的卡片通常不具有或最多具有简化的用户界面,例如单行显示和/或少量键和/或捕获生物特征的传感器形式的用户界面。制造上面提及类型的卡片例如从W.Rankl,W.Effing于2008年在Karl HanserVerlag Munich出版的第五版Handbuch der Chipkarten”[“Hand book of chipcards”]或者T.tarantino,Y.Haghiri于1999年在Karl Hanser Verlag Munich出版的书“Vom Plastik zur chipkarte”[“From plastic to the chip card”]中是熟知的。相应地,卡片通常由通过层压而彼此结合的若干塑料层制成。特别地,常见的塑料是PVC、聚碳酸脂或基于聚酯的塑料。还已知利用纸或生物可降解材料用于卡片构造。层压多层卡片的常见替代例是通过注塑成型来制造卡片。已知的制造方法允许根据相应有关标准(例如用于芯片卡的标准ISO7810)有成本效益地大量制造卡片。
可通过选择适合的材料在一定频谱内影响根据已知方法制造的卡片的属性,尤其是物理和触觉属性。例如,可以制造较高或较低的弯曲刚度,或者可以生成较硬或较软的表面。另外,可以在一定限度内影响卡片的重量。尽管由此为卡片的物理设计提供了十分充裕的范围,但是仍需要制成与已知卡片不同的另外的卡片实施例。
从JP05-062031中已知的建议是制造卡体如IC模块般坚硬的IC卡,使得即使受到重复的弯曲荷载时,所述模块也不会从模块空腔脱离。为此,碳纤维铝合金用作卡基。未提供特定的制造工艺。
从DE10202125A1中进一步已知一种具有储能器的多层芯片卡,其中,位于储能器上方和/或下方的至少一个层实施为高强度箔片。高强度箔片可以是碳纤维复合材料。特别地,高强度箔片覆盖储能器,并具有位于芯片卡的一些部件上方的预制间隙。其可以通过粘合或热层压与储能器结合。高强度箔片确保完整的芯片卡具有针对弯曲荷载和压力负荷的高稳定性,尤其是在能量存储的区域中。两个高强度箔片可设置在储能器的两侧。
发明内容
本发明之目的是说明一种制造卡片的方法,所述卡片的物理和触觉状况明显不同于已知卡片。
该目的通过具有主权利要求的特征的方法来实现。根据本发明的方法制造的卡具有特别高的刚度,并易于通过在掉落到硬地面时对角部或边缘的撞击而发出的声音来识别。根据本发明的方法的优点是,所制造的卡片公开了采用的碳纤维材料,而仍然具有足够高的不透明性。其还具有的优点是,所制造的卡体的边缘是平滑的,并且特别地,不会磨损所采用的碳纤维材料。
在优选的实施例中,优选地具有PVC的塑料层合并在两个碳纤维层之间,以生产碳纤维核心层。在优选的实施例中,另外的两个外表面由透明塑料层覆盖,透明塑料层层压在另外的外表面上。
附图说明
在下文中通过参考附图更详细地说明本发明的实施例。
附图如下描述:
图1是制造卡体的流程图;
图2是根据该方法制造的卡体的横截面;以及
图3是根据该方法制造的替代卡体的横截面。
具体实施方式
对于下列说明,假设制造用于芯片卡的卡体,具有根据标准7810的常见外部尺寸-长度:85.72mm、宽度:54.03mm、厚度:0.76mm。然而,该方法可类似地用于制造具有其它尺寸的便携式数据载体。例如,还可用相同的方式生产处于较小SIM卡形式(所谓的ID-000形式)的便携式数据载体,或者类似地生产处于纵长矩形形状的较厚便携式数据载体,其与壳体一起例如充当USB棒。
该方法以图1的流程图形式示出。首先,在步骤100,优选地制成具有50至300μm厚度的两个碳纤维层2、4。碳纤维层2、4可呈现为网垫的形式。随后通过将碳纤维层2、4浸没在合成树脂中而浸渍碳纤维层2、4。在步骤102,合适的合成树脂是例如热固性环氧树脂。在有利实施例中,碳纤维层2、4合起来的厚度占核心结构10的总厚度的50%至70%、优选地60%至70%,有利地,碳纤维层2、4具有相同的厚度。在厚度为660μm的核心结构10中,碳纤维层2、4的厚度由此在各情况下等于例如约215μm,因此合起来约330μm。
而且,在步骤104制成塑料层3。有利地,塑料可以是PVC或不同的塑料聚合物。塑料层3具有100至600μm的厚度。其根据ISO/IEC7810:2003是不透明的,并有利地具有浸渍碳纤维材料的固有颜色,例如塑料层3是黑色的。
碳纤维层2、4和塑料层3布置成在层叠布置中位于彼此上方,使得塑料层3放置在碳纤维层2、4之间。在该布置中,在步骤110,层2、3、4彼此结合。为此,层2、3、4首先在约20°的温度下放置在彼此上方,并随后被加热至约60°。形成卡体的核心结构10。
核心结构10还可基本上由仅一个碳纤维层2以非对称结构制造。那么其更薄,但是相应地具有两个不同表面。对于该说明,对称结构的更多相关情况是可想得到的。
在图3所示实施方式变型例中,在可选的随后步骤112中,厚度为10至300μm、优选为50至200μm的透明中间层11、21层压在核心结构10的上侧上。该层压在制造芯片卡常用的条件下进行。层11、21充当随后印刷步骤的基底。
在随后的步骤114中,以丝网印刷工艺将图案12、22施加在核心结构10的一侧或两侧。图案可包括表面、结构和/或文字数字式字符。图案12、22可以在各侧制成不同。
为了进一步处理随后呈现的半成品,在步骤116制成两个透明或至少半透明的覆盖层13、23。覆盖层13、23比核心结构10更薄,并具有通常10至150μm厚度。假设完成的数据载体1具有磁条,则覆盖层之一配备有磁条。覆盖层13、23可由PVC或不同的透明塑料材料构成。
在随后的步骤118中,覆盖层13和碳纤维半成品以层压工艺彼此结合,该层压工艺具有一般制造芯片卡常见的层压参数。在完成步骤118之后,呈现了扁平的多层卡片半成品,其由具有图案12、22的核心结构10构成,所述核心结构的两侧由薄的透明或半透明覆盖层13、23覆盖。除了随后对IC的个性化和/或结合之外,卡片半成品的表面14、24对应于完成的便携式数据载体1的最终表面14、24。类似地,半成品的厚度已对应于完成的芯片卡的厚度,在芯片卡具有标准尺寸的情况下,其由此等于例如760μm。
在随后的步骤120中,具有用于数据载体1的最终外形的卡体从扁平的卡片半成品脱离。该分离借助分离工具来实施,该分离工具基本上垂直于卡片半成品的主平面接合,并沿描绘待制造的卡体的边缘轮廓的路径被引导。分离工具尤其是铣刀,其例如在56000rpm下操作,另外,在一定有限的程度下,可考虑锯切工具,因为碳纤维是高度研磨的,并易于导致强大的工具磨损。分离工具操作成经由在分离时产生的摩擦热在产生的竖直外边缘5处熔化放置在彼此上方的层2、3、4、13、23。
假设待制造的便携式数据载体是芯片卡类型的,则实施随后的步骤140、142,以在卡体中制造空腔,并将芯片模块插入所制造的空腔中。然而,当待制造的便携式数据载体是例如纯粹的磁性芯片或者不具有微处理器IC或磁条的纯粹的身份证时,省略步骤140、142。
在随后的步骤130中,可用常见的热冲压工艺将热冲压元件施加在卡体上。
在步骤150,随后呈现的卡体被最终个性化。这例如通过以热转印方法和/或通过刻纹施加个人数据而实现;还可使用本身已知的其它个性化方法。
图2示出根据该方法制造的卡体1的横截面。单独层的厚度在此并未按照比例绘制。卡体1由核心结构构成,核心结构又由两个碳纤维层2、4构成,不透明的塑料层3布置在两个碳纤维层之间。核心结构10具有位于两个向外取向侧的图案12、22,在图案的两侧,最终形成有相应的另外塑料层13、23。竖直外边缘5具有均匀且平滑的表面。
图3所示变型例另外具有两个透明中间层11、21,两个透明中间层分别布置在核心结构10和覆盖层13、23之间。
在不脱离本发明的基本理念的情况下,上述方法允许许多变型例和实施例。特别地,可使用仅一个碳纤维层,而不是两个碳纤维层。类似地,可使用三个或更多个碳纤维层,并相应地增加插入的塑料层的数量。还可单独地或全部省略塑料覆盖层13、23,或者相应的另外层可施加在覆盖层上。分离的步骤还可通过结合其它分离技术来实现,例如通过额外应用激光或通过预切割边缘轮廓来实现。

Claims (11)

1.一种制造用于便携式数据载体的坚硬的多层卡体的方法,具有以下步骤:
-制成不透明的塑料层(3)(104);
-制成碳纤维织物的碳纤维层(2,4)(102);
-用环氧树脂浸渍碳纤维层(2,4)(102);
-熔化层(2,3,4)以形成半成品(110);
-以丝网印刷工艺或胶印工艺将图案(12)印刷在半成品的碳纤维层的上侧(114);
-借助分离工具使卡体(1)从半成品脱离,所述分离工具沿描绘卡体(1)的边缘轮廓的路径相对于半成品被引导。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,塑料层(13)被层压在印刷的上侧(118)上。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,制成两个碳纤维层(2,3),并在层压时将塑料层(3)布置在碳纤维层(2,4)之间。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,图案(22)还被施加在半成品的碳纤维层(2,4)的后侧,塑料层(23)层压在半成品的碳纤维层(2,4)的后侧。
5.如以上权利要求任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,熔化时的温度等于20至60℃。
6.如以上权利要求任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述塑料层(13,23)是透明的。
7.如以上权利要求任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,借助铣刀进行所述脱离。
8.如以上权利要求任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,卡体(1)被热冲压。
9.如以上权利要求任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,通过热转印过程或刻纹过程使卡体(1)个性化。
10.如以上权利要求任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述塑料是PVC。
11.如以上权利要求任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,碳纤维层(2,4)合起来的厚度占熔化为半成品的层(2,3,4)的总厚度的50%至75%,优选地60%至70%。
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