CN103690900B - 一种治疗功能性子宫出血的中药 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗功能性子宫出血的中药，其特征在于由以下重量配比的药材制成的：炙龟板50份、仙鹤草50份、生地黄30份、龙骨30份、牡蛎30份、黄精30份、墨旱莲25份、阿胶20份、白芍20份、茜草20份、黄芩20份、海螵蛸20份、柴胡10份、黄精30份、三七粉20份、莪术30份。本发明通过科学的方法精选适宜的药材，通过合理的配比，达到滋阴补肾、补脾摄血、平肝清热、佐以止血的功效，能有效治疗功能性子宫出血病。4年来，通过对300名患者的使用表明，有效率达100%，治愈率达98%，愈且不再复发。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药，特别是一种用于治疗功能性子宫出血的中药。
背景技术
功能失调性子宫出血（dysfunctionaluterinebleeding，DUB），简称功血，系指由于HPOU轴功能失调，而非为生殖道器质性病变所引起的，以月经失调为特征的异常性子宫出血。经诊查后未发现有全身及生殖器官器质性病变，而是由于神经内分泌系统功能失调所致。表现为月经周期不规律、经量过多、经期延长或不规则出血。根据排卵与否，通常将功血分为无排卵型及排卵型两大类，前者最为多见，约占80～90%，主要发生在青春期及更年期，后者多见于生育期妇女。正常月经周期有赖于中枢神经系统控制，下丘脑-垂体-卵巢性腺轴系统的相互调节及制约。任何内外因素干扰了性腺轴的正常调节，均可导致功血。功能性子宫出血是以性腺轴的功能与调节不完善为主要原因。由于下丘脑周期中枢延迟成熟，仅有下丘脑持续中枢发挥作用，其结果使垂体分泌FSH多于LH，FSH的分泌使卵泡发育，发育中的卵泡分泌雌激素，但垂体对雌激素的正反馈刺激缺乏反应，使月经中期无LH高峰出现，故无排卵发生。长期大量雌激素作用，使子宫内膜过度增生，而发生无排卵型功血。尤其在精神紧张、过度劳累或因其他因素影响下，更易引起功血发生。更年期功血主要因卵巢功能衰退，性激素对下丘脑及垂体的正反馈作用消失，垂体分泌FSH及LH增高，缺乏LH中期高峰，不能排卵，子宫内膜发生增生过长而引起无排卵功能性子宫出血。西医治疗，如服用性激素（雌、孕、雄激素）止血，服用止血药、抗纤溶药、前列腺素合成酶抑制剂、凝血因子、宫缩剂等；手术治疗，适合于激素或药物治疗无效或复发者。中医治疗如止血固冲汤等，西药治疗只是治标不治本，手术治疗不仅费用高，而且会对患者带来损伤，中医治疗是最好的治疗方法，但，目前所公开的用于治疗功能性子宫出血的中药，存在着治愈率低等缺陷。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种专用于治疗功能性子宫出血的中药，通过选择合适的药材及其配比，达到安全有效治愈功能性子宫出血的目的。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：一种治疗功能性子宫出血的中药，其特征在于由以下重量配比的药材制成的：
炙龟板50份、仙鹤草50份、生地黄30份、龙骨30份、牡蛎30份、黄精30份、墨旱莲25份、阿胶20份、白芍20份、茜草20份、黄芩20份、海螵蛸20份、柴胡10份、黄精30份、三七粉20份、莪术30份。
本发明配方中所采用的各种药材的来源及主治功效如下：
炙龟板【来源】为龟科动物chinemysreevesii的腹甲及背甲。醋龟板又名炙龟板，为净龟板片用砂子炒黄，趁热浸入醋中，用清水冲洗后晒干即为炙龟板。【性味】咸甘，平。【归经】入心、脾、肝三经。【功能主治】滋阴，潜阳，补肾，健骨。治肾阴不足，骨蒸劳热，吐血，衄血，久咳，遗精，崩漏，带下，腰痛，骨痿，阴虚风动，久痢，久疟，痔疮，小儿囟门不合。
仙鹤草【来源】本品为蔷薇科植物龙牙草AgrimoniapilosaLedeb.的干燥地上部分。【性味】苦、涩，平。【归经】归心、肝经。【功能主治】收敛止血，截疟，止痢，解毒。用于咳血，吐血，崩漏下血，疟疾，血痢，脱力劳伤，痈肿疮毒，阴痒带下。
生地黄【来源】本品为玄参科植物地黄RehmanniaglutinosaLibosch.的新鲜或干燥块根。将地黄缓缓烘焙至约八成干，即为“生地黄”。【性味】生地黄：甘，寒。【归经】归心、肝、肾经。【功能主治】清热凉血，养阴，生津。用于热病舌绛烦渴，阴虚内热，骨蒸劳热，内热消渴，吐血，衄血，发斑发疹。
龙骨【来源】为古代哺乳动物如象类、犀牛类、三趾马等的骨胳的化石。【性味】甘涩；平；无毒。【归经】入心经、肝经、肾经、大肠经。【功能主治】镇惊安神，敛汗固精，止血涩肠，生肌敛疮。主治：治惊痫癫狂，怔忡健忘，失眠多梦，自汗盗汗，遗精淋浊，吐衄便血，崩漏带下，泻痢脱肛，溃疡久不收口。
牡蛎【来源】本品为牡蛎科动物长牡蛎OstreagigasThunberg、大连湾牡蛎OstreatalienwhanensisCrosse或近江牡蛎OstrearivularisGould的贝壳。【性味】咸，微寒。【归经】归肝、胆、肾经。【功能主治】重镇安神，潜阳补阴，软坚散结。用于惊悸失眠，眩晕耳鸣，瘰疬痰核，症瘕痞块。煅牡蛎收敛固涩。用于自汗盗汗，遗精崩带，胃痛吞酸。
黄精【来源】本品为百合科植物滇黄精PolygonatumkingianumColl.etHemsl.、黄精PolygonatumsibiricumRed.或多花黄精PolygonatumcyrtonemaHua的干燥根茎。【性味】甘，平。【归经】归脾、肺、肾经。【功能主治】补气养阴，健脾，润肺，益肾。用于脾胃虚弱，体倦乏力，口干食少，肺虚燥咳，精血不足，内热消渴。
墨旱莲【来源】为菊科植物鳢肠的全草。【性味】甘、酸，寒。【归经】归肾、肝经。【功能主治】滋补肝肾，凉血止血。用于牙齿松动，须发早白，眩晕耳鸣，腰膝酸软，阴虚血热、吐血、衄血、尿血，血痢，崩漏下血，外伤出血。
阿胶【来源】为马科动物驴的皮，经漂泡去毛后熬制而成的胶质块。【性味】甘，微温。【归经】归肝、肾经。【功能主治】补血滋阴，润燥，止血。用于血虚萎黄，眩晕心悸，心烦不眠，肺燥咳嗽。
白芍【来源】本品为毛茛科植物芍药PaeonialactifloraPall.的干燥根。【性味】苦、酸，微寒。【归经】归肝、脾经。【功能主治】平肝止痛，养血调经，敛阴止汗。用于头痛眩晕，胁痛，腹痛，四肢挛痛，血虚萎黄，月经不调，自汗，盗汗。
茜草【来源】本品为茜草科植物茜草RubiacordifoliaL.的干燥根及根茎。【性味】苦，寒。【归经】归肝经。【功能主治】凉血，止血，祛瘀，通经。用于吐血，衄血，崩漏，外伤出血，经闭瘀阻，关节痹痛，跌扑肿痛。
黄芩【来源】本品为唇形科植物黄芩ScutellariabaicalensisGeorgi的干燥根。【性味】苦，寒。【归经】归肺、胆、脾、大肠、小肠经。【功能主治】清热燥湿，泻火解毒，止血，安胎。用于湿温、暑温胸闷呕恶，湿热痞满，泻痢，黄疸，肺热咳嗽，高热烦渴，血热吐衄，痈肿疮毒，胎动不安。
海螵蛸【来源】本品为乌贼科动物无针乌贼SepiellamaindronideRochebrune或金乌贼SepiaesculentaHoyle的干燥内壳。【性味】咸、涩，温。【归经】归脾、肾经。【功能主治】收敛止血，涩精止带，制酸，敛疮。用于胃痛吞酸，吐血衄血，崩漏便血，遗精滑精，赤白带下；溃疡病。外治损伤出血，疮多脓汁。
柴胡【来源】本品为伞形科植物柴胡BupleurumchinenseDC.或狭叶柴胡BupleurumscorzonerifoliumWilld.的干燥根。【性味】苦，微寒。【归经】归肝、胆经。【功能主治】和解表里，疏肝，升阳。用于感冒发热，寒热往来，胸胁胀痛，月经不调，子官脱垂，脱肛。
黄精【来源】本品为百合科植物滇黄精PolygonatumkingianumColl.etHemsl.、黄精PolygonatumsibiricumRed.或多花黄精PolygonatumcyrtonemaHua的干燥根茎。【性味】甘，平。【归经】归脾、肺、肾经。【功能主治】补气养阴，健脾，润肺，益肾。用于脾胃虚弱，体倦乏力，口干食少，肺虚燥咳，精血不足，内热消渴。
三七粉【来源】本品为五加科植物三七Panaxnotoginseng（Burk.）F.H.Chen的干燥根。【炮制】三七粉：取三七，洗净，干燥，碾细粉。【性味】甘、微苦，温。【归经】归肝、胃经。【功能主治】散瘀止血，消肿定痛。用于咯血，吐血，衄血，便血，崩漏，外伤出血，胸腹剌痛，跌扑肿痛。
莪术【来源】本品为姜科植物蓬莪术CurcumaphaeocaulisVal.、广西莪术CurcumaKwangsiensisS.G.LeeetC.F.Liang或温郁金CurcumawenyujinY.H.ChenetC.Ling的干燥根茎。【性味】辛、苦，温。【归经】归肝、脾经。【功能主治】行气破血，消积止痛。用于燀瘕痞块，瘀血经闭，食积胀痛；早期宫颈癌。
中医根据功能性子宫出血的发病特点和临床表现，归属于“崩漏”范畴。中医认为，功能性子宫出血的主要病因病机为冲任损伤，不能固摄所致。肾虚失藏，肾气不足，封藏失司，脾虚气陷，统摄无权，血热内炽，扰动血海，迫血妄行，冲任失固，不能固摄。导致冲任损伤的原因，多是血热、气虚、气郁、血瘀等，但其中以血热、气虚较为常见。临床症状表现为：下如注或淋漓不止，夹有紫血块，多有小腹痛、腰痛、乏力、盗汗、五心烦热，面色苍白或颊红赤，舌淡苔薄或无苔，脉沉细数。明代医家方约之在《丹溪心法附余》中云：“初用止血以塞其流，中期清热凉血以澄其源，末期用补血还其旧，若只塞其流不澄其源，则滔天之势不能遏;若只澄其源不复其旧，则孤子之阳无以立，故本末无遗，前后不紊，方可言治也。”后世医家将其所倡立的三大治则即“塞流”、“澄源”、“复旧”为治功血三大法则。本发明通过科学的方法精选适宜的药材，通过合理的配比，达到滋阴补肾、补脾摄血、平肝清热、佐以止血的功效，能有效治疗功能性子宫出血病。4年来，通过对300名患者的使用表明，有效率达100%，治愈率达98%，愈且不再复发。
下面结合临床实验数据说明本发明的有益效果：
1、一般资料
发明人2009年3月-2013年4月间共收集了500例功能性子宫出血病门诊患者，年龄24-43岁，病情1-6个月。随机分为：治疗组300例，对照组200例。两组年龄等资料无显著性差异，具有可比性。
2、试验方法
2.1对照组服用止血固冲汤，按照说明书服用。疗程30天。
2.2治疗组口服本发明按照具体实施例1制得的胶囊，早、中、晚各一次。疗程30天。
3、疗效标准及治疗结果
3.1疗效标准：
痊愈：功能性子宫出血的临床症状全部消失。好转：功能性子宫出血的临床症状减轻，病情得到控制。无效：临床症状无明显好转或加重。
3.2治疗统计结果见表1。
表1两组疗效比较
由此可见，采用本发明的组方制得的药物能够安全有效功能性子宫出血。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解与实施本发明，下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明。
具体实施例1
称取炙龟板50克、仙鹤草50克、生地黄30克、龙骨30克、牡蛎30克、黄精30克、墨旱莲25克、白芍20克、茜草20克、黄芩20克、海螵蛸20克、柴胡10克、黄精30克、莪术30克，加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；滤渣加6倍量水，煎煮1小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，再与20克三七粉、20克阿胶粉混合，装入胶囊壳，即得符合正常成人1天用量的胶囊剂。
用于治疗功能性子宫出血。口服，每日分早、中、晚三次服用。
具体实施例2
称取炙龟板50克、仙鹤草50克、生地黄30克、龙骨30克、牡蛎30克、黄精30克、墨旱莲25克、白芍20克、茜草20克、黄芩20克、海螵蛸20克、柴胡10克、黄精30克、莪术30克，加10倍量水，煎煮2小时，过滤；滤渣加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，再与20克三七粉、20克阿胶粉混合，包装，即得符合正常成人1天用量的散剂。
用于治疗功能性子宫出血。口服，每日分早、中、晚三次服用。
具体实施例3
称取炙龟板50克、仙鹤草50克、生地黄30克、龙骨30克、牡蛎30克、黄精30克、墨旱莲25克、白芍20克、茜草20克、黄芩20克、海螵蛸20克、柴胡10克、黄精30克、莪术30克，加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；滤渣加6倍量水，煎煮1小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，再与20克三七粉、20克阿胶粉混合，按照本领域常规工艺制粒，包装，即得符合正常成人1天用量的颗粒剂。
用于治疗功能性子宫出血。口服，每日分早、中、晚三次服用。
Claims (1)
1.一种治疗功能性子宫出血的中药，其特征在于由以下重量配比的药材制成的：炙龟板50份、仙鹤草50份、生地黄30份、龙骨30份、牡蛎30份、黄精30份、墨旱莲25份、阿胶20份、白芍20份、茜草20份、黄芩20份、海螵蛸20份、柴胡10份、黄精30份、三七粉20份、莪术30份。
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