CN103671742A - 等速万向节减速机 - Google Patents

等速万向节减速机 Download PDF

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CN103671742A
CN103671742A CN201210332957.7A CN201210332957A CN103671742A CN 103671742 A CN103671742 A CN 103671742A CN 201210332957 A CN201210332957 A CN 201210332957A CN 103671742 A CN103671742 A CN 103671742A
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ball
universal joint
reduction gear
constant velocity
eccentric
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CN201210332957.7A
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魏九洲
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/32—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/32—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear
    • F16H2001/322—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear comprising at least one universal joint, e.g. a Cardan joint

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)

Abstract

等速万向节减速机，涉及一种具有减速功能的等速万向节，它由滚珠(B1)，偏心轴(1)，球套(2)，外环(3)，保持架(4)和偏心套(5)及密封装置组成。滚珠的外侧与外环(3)的内侧的环摆齿曲面做纯滚动啮合传动，滚珠的内侧与偏心轴上的偏心球球面做纯滚动啮合传动。它可以变换角度地万向减速万向传动。它的重量和体积不超过普通减速机的百分之一。环摆齿永远不会弯曲，因此可承受无限大载荷。它在以往的全部减速机中，效率最高，噪音最低，转速最高。无油也可转动。它在飞机，航天，舰船，潜水艇，冶金，机械制造，铁路，汽车等领域有广泛的，独特的不可替代的应用。

Description

等速万向节减速机
技术领域：一种可以减速的等速万向节，它既是减速机，也是等速万向节，其制造方法类似于球轴承的制造方法。
技术背景：轴承减速(申请号：201110287850.0)已成功地将环摆齿齿轮传动代替了渐开线齿轮传动。但是它只适用于同轴传动，对于两个相交轴之间的传动，还没有环摆减速机，只有万向节连接，或用两个圆锥齿轮传动。
发明内容：本发明是要发明一种具有减速功能的等速万向节。其大小与普通的球笼式万向节相当。一般说来，将减速机的输出轴上安装一个万向节，就可同时实现减速和万向输出两种功能。但对于在对重量和体积敏感的设备上使用，，比如在直升飞机上使用就不太适合。而本专利就很适用于在飞机上使用。
本专利是这样实现的：输入轴的一端为花键轴，另一端为偏心球，其中部为用于动平衡的偏心配重轴，在偏心球上安装球套，在球套上加工出n个圆锥孔，在每个圆锥孔中安装一个滚珠，滚珠的两侧用保持架固定，滚珠的外侧是外环。外环的内侧是环摆齿，外环的外侧是花键，用于与低速轴相连接。
与现在的减速机相比，比如直升飞机的发动机与尾翼传动的减速机相比，本专利在重量和体积上都小了几十倍。而在承载载荷上却大了几倍。滚珠在偏心球与环摆齿之间的传动是纯滚动传动，而现有的减速机都是渐开线齿轮传动，两种传动有本质的区别，列表如下。
  渐开线齿轮   环摆齿轮
  轮齿   存在弯曲   不存在弯曲
  齿间滑动   存在   不存在
  载荷   小   增大几十倍
  转速   低   高
  体积   大   小几十倍
  重量   重   轻几十倍
  效率   低   高
  噪音   大   无
  重合度   外齿轮啮合齿数少于1.2   全部齿都在啮合状态
  无油转动时间   最多一小时   数十天
此外，由于渐开线齿轮的齿间滑动使得它在增速器的使用方面非常困难，它的效率低下，甚至无法转动。比如三环减速机转动效率就低下到无法作增速机使用。而环摆传动的纯滚动传动更适用于特大功率，长距离，低噪音的增速传动。比如在舰船或潜艇的发动机传动轴的减速机使用本专利就十分方便。
附图说明：图1是去掉密封装置和低速输出轴的总装配图，在图1中，1-偏心轴，2-球套，3-外环，4-保持架，5-偏心套。图2是外环3外环3项对于偏心轴1转过-30°的总图。此时，滚珠B1转过-15°。这是由于滚珠B1转动时，其边缘速度是其中心速度的一倍，因而实现了等速万向节传动。图3是偏心轴，其端部是偏心球，其另一端是花键，用于与高速的输出轴相连。图4是球套，图5是外环，图6是保持架。
具体实施方式：偏心轴(1)的一端为花键，用花键与高速轴固定安装在一起，中部用花键与偏心套(5)固定安装，另一端为偏心球。偏心球上以一定的间隙安装球套(2)，安装球套(2)以后，将球套口以一定的间隙压紧。此时，将偏心轴(1)和球套一起安装入外环(3)中。球套上有n个圆锥孔，每个圆锥孔中装入一个滚珠。然后在滚珠的两侧安装保持架(4)，并将两侧的保持架铆接或点焊在一起。下一步做动平衡。
使用时将低速输出轴用花键与外环(3)安装在一起。最后，在高速输入轴的端部与低速输出轴的端部之间安装密封波纹管外罩密封，并用钢带箍以适当的力量卡紧。

Claims (1)

1.一种具有减速功能的万向节-等速万向节减速机，它由密封装置等零件组成，其特征是：它还由偏心轴(1)，球套(2)，外环(3)，1保持架(4)和偏信套(5)组成，偏心轴(1)的一端和中部是花键，另一端是偏心球，偏心球外间隙安装球套(2)，球套(2)上有n个或n/2个孔，每个孔内安装一个滚珠(B1)，全部滚珠(B1)安装在保持架(4)内，滚珠(B1)的外侧是具有n+1个环摆齿的环摆齿面，与滚珠(B1)做纯滚动啮合传动，滚珠(B1)的内侧与偏心轴(1)的偏心球做纯滚动啮合传动，外环(3)的环摆齿面是一个球面环摆齿面，外环的外侧是花键或键，与低速输出轴固定安装在一起，偏心轴(1)的中部安装偏心套(5)，偏心套(5)用于动平衡，偏心轴(1)端部的花键与高速输入轴固定安装在一起。
CN201210332957.7A 2012-09-11 2012-09-11 等速万向节减速机 Pending CN103671742A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104265784A (zh) * 2014-09-30 2015-01-07 张金星 万向节式传动轮
CN106838186A (zh) * 2015-12-07 2017-06-13 上海宇航系统工程研究所 一种可维修驱动锁定机构

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104265784A (zh) * 2014-09-30 2015-01-07 张金星 万向节式传动轮
CN106838186A (zh) * 2015-12-07 2017-06-13 上海宇航系统工程研究所 一种可维修驱动锁定机构

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Application publication date: 20140326