CN103649106A - 用于治疗神经退行性和缺血性脑疾病的化合物和药学组合 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明描述包括藻蓝素(PCB)的肽,以及由于对它们鉴定的神经保护剂和/或神经再生效应而所述肽及PCB的医疗用途。此外,所述肽及PCB与具有协同效应的蛋白或其他肽的药学组合证明了它们的缺血性或神经退行性CNS疾病治疗的用途。
Description
【技术领域】
本发明涉及生物科学、药理学、神经生物学、生物技术和医疗科学,尤其神经病学和内科学。总的涉及用于进展或源于缺血性,炎性和/或神经退行性损伤的中枢神经系统(CNS)疾病的疗法。
本发明基于在其结构中呈现吡咯环的C-藻蓝素(C-Phyco)衍生物或此分子的部分用于脑血管疾病治疗的用途,其特征在于具有炎性和神经退行性组分的组织低氧和疾病。它们也包括所述化合物与其他生物分子的药学组合,它们被预防性地和治疗性施用。
【背景技术】
脑血管、脱髓鞘及神经退行性疾病的治疗代表神经科学领域中的新前沿。
脑血管意外(CVA)影响年龄65岁或更高的约5%的世界人口,并可在被影响的个体中产生严重的身体残疾(世界卫生组织:统计学信息系统.世界卫生组织,2004)。在年龄50岁或更高的人中发生多于90%的死亡,且在大致15%~30%的存活患者中呈现一些类型的后遗症(Buergo-Zuaznabar M A,et al.Revista Electrónica de lasCiencias Médicas en Cienfuegos:2-22;Miranda Q J A.Cerebrovascular Diseases,2004;1:17-21;Rosamond W,et al.Circulation.2007:169-171)。
根据世界卫生组织(WHO)数据,约80%的CVA属于源于主脑动脉之一被血栓或栓塞急性阻塞的缺血性类型(世界卫生组织:统计学信息系统.世界卫生组织,2004),其导致被该动脉冲洗的区的灌注的减小。
神经保护是预防剂和治疗剂治疗策略,根本性的目的是预防CNS疾病(诸如在缺血期间)中神经元发生的病理学损失。神经再生的根本性的目的是恢复神经炎症和神经退行性疾病(诸如多发性硬化(MS))中发生的损伤。
脑缺血治疗的主要目的是:(1)为减小缺血性区域的尺寸,限制其向相邻区可能的延伸;(2)为限制充足的治疗性窗内细胞死亡向可恢复的半影区域的进行性发展(Muhammad S H A S.eur Neurol.2008;59:4-14)。
新神经保护剂和/或神经再生剂治疗剂候选物必需在缺血性事件期间及之后阻断和/或衰减导致进行性脑损伤的细胞代谢生物化学过程。此外,它们必需涵盖脑损伤病原性机理内的广谱的可能的药理学靶(Ovbiagele B,et al.Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med.2003;5:441–449)。
存在自在缺血性类型病症以及在神经退行性疾病中具有神经保护剂和/或神经再生剂效应的天然来源提取的化合物的证据。几个研究指示,天然的和合成大麻素能在脑缺血(Mauler F,el at.J PharmacolExp Ther.2002;302(1):359-68;Iadecola C.Curr Opin Neurol.2001;14:89-94;Sinor A D,et al.Neurosci Lett.2000;278(3):157-60)、多发性硬化(Baker D,Pryce G,Croxford J L,Brown P,Pertwee RG,etal.Nature.2000;404(6773):84-87)、亨廷顿病(Lastres-Becker I,et al.Brain Res.2002;929(2):236-42)及帕金森病(Lange J M,et al.DDT.2005;10(10):693-702)中利用不同抗氧化机理和通过降低及阻断氨基酸和发炎介质的释放的兴奋性中毒抑制来产生神经保护剂效应。
尽管如此,存在很大程度依赖于剂量依赖性、依赖于各剂量的大麻素化合物的浓度、依赖于消费者经历和所耗时间的与大麻素关联的重要不利效果。
主要由于大麻素的抗胆碱能药效应,已报道急性效应,包括:口干燥,眼发红,模糊视觉,血压减小,心律增加,反应容量减小,感知的感觉的增加,协调障碍和心理运动步幅的减缓。也已报道慢性效应,诸如:具有癌发生率的可能的增加的免疫系统功能障碍,在肺癌的情况中,胜过烟草消费者的发生率。对于大麻素消费者而言,肝炎患者中急性心肌梗塞、不育、肝纤维化的风险增加和癫痫增加的可能的风险仍待讨论;及由印度大麻消费可引发感觉改变诸如幻觉、时间-空间感觉的扭曲、或人格解体和/或现实解体现象的事实给出的一些心理效应。焦虑危机,精神病类型急性危机,欣快,过量多言,以及认知功能障碍诸如短期记忆丧失或思维缓慢,非-可反转的认知改变,之前精神病学问题的恶化,精神分裂症风险的增加。也已描述情绪的改变(抑郁和/或发狂),社会边缘态,以及对印度大麻消费的依赖性,这些在一些情况中起始其他药物的消费。必需强调的是,在怀孕期间的印度大麻消费可导致后代在青春期期间的认知和精神病理学改变。
C-phyco是在一些蓝-绿藻诸如勃那特螺旋藻(Spirulina platensis)中发现的胆蛋白,其在许多国家常常被用作饮食补充剂,具有被良好证明的营养和细胞保护性质(Bockow B I.United States Patent.No.05709855(1998);Kay,R.A.Crit.Rev.Food Sci.Nutr.1991;30:555-573;González De R C,et al.Life Sci.1993;53:57-61)。
用C-Phyco的大部分研究的目的曾是展示抗氧化剂性质。C-Phyco自由基隔离作用通过对(1)化学-发光,及(2)2-脱氧核糖损伤的抑制的测定展示(Romay C,et al.Inflamm.Res.1998;47:36-41;Bhat VB,et al.Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.2000;275:20-25)。
已证明在抗坏血酸+Fe2+处理(Romay C,et al.Inflamm.Res.1998;47:36-41)或用2,2’偶氮双2-脒基丙烷盐酸盐(HAAP)处理后C-Phyco显著地抑制大鼠肝微粒体的脂质过氧化物的增加。后者是自由基形成的起始剂(Bhat V B,et al.Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.2000;275:20-25),指示此化合物是良好的脂质过氧化抑制物。
另一方面,C-Phyco通过由ONOO-介导的DNA的氧化损伤的抑制,限制肿瘤增殖发挥抗-致癌剂作用(Li B,et al.BiomedPharmacother.2005;59:551-60)。而且,显示此天然的化合物抑制血小板聚集(Hui-Fen Ch,et al.British Journal of Nutrition.2006;95:435–440)。
1~3mg/mL浓度的C-Phyco由于脑粒状细胞培养物中钾和血清缺失24h而防止神经元死亡(Rimbau V,et al.Naunyn SchmiedebergsArch Pharmacol.2001;364:96-104)。
也在由卡英酸诱导的大鼠脑损伤模型中检查C-Phyco活性(Rimbau V,et al.Neuroscience Letters.1999;276:75-78)。一个100mg/kg剂量的C-Phyco的施用减少相比未处理的对照组,在处理的动物中证明的病征迹象和改变。
此外,已通过(1)测定分离的酶和(2)完全血测定显示C-Phyco抑制COX-2(Reddy C M,et al.Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.2000;277:599-603)。
当在小鼠和大鼠中由角叉菜胶和葡萄糖氧化酶诱导的肿胀的爪模型(Romay Ch,et al.Pharm.Pharmacol.2000;52:367-368;Madhyastha HK,et al.J Cell Mol Med.2008)及在由花生四烯酸诱导的小鼠-耳发炎模型(Romay Ch,et al.Pharm.Pharmacol.2000;52:367-368)中由口腔途径以100~200mg/kg的剂量施用时,C-Phyco能减少水肿。
一篇综述总结在不同动物模型中用C-Phyco实施的主要研究(Curr Protein Pept Sci.2003Jun;4(3):207-16)。对于待观察的治疗效果,多数实验需要高剂量的C-Phyco(100mg/kg以上和至多300mg/kg)。
藻蓝素(PCB)是C-Phyco的生色团;从化学观点来看,其特征在于存在吡咯环,无蛋白片段。
干扰素(IFN)起初被发现为是具有抗病毒活性的可溶性蛋白,及它们可被分类为:IFN I型(IFNα和β)和II型(IFNγ)。尽管通常认为IFNα和β使用共同的复合受体,几个报道提示,对于诱导特定生物学效应,IFNα和β有能力差异。这些包括IFN-特异性基因的优先诱导(Rani MRS,et al.J Biol Chem1996,271:22878-22884;Platanias LC,et al.J Biol Chem1994,269:17761-17764),不同生长因子的抑制效应(Rosenblum MG,et al.J Interferon Res1990,10:141-151)和红血球生成效应(Means RT,et al.Exp Hematol1996,24:204-208)。由此可推导出,对于αIFN鉴定的生物学效应不必也对于βIFN鉴定,反之亦然。
α和βIFN之间的不同信号传导事件的可能的解释是与βIFN的特定受体(其似乎是磷酸化的酪氨酸)关联的磷蛋白的存在,及与αIFN的受体1(IFNAR1)关联(Croze E,et al.J Biol Chem.1996:271:33165-33168;Platanias LC,et al.J Biol Chem.1996,271:23630-23633)。
α和βIFN的作用机理高度复杂。这2种细胞因子通过不同信号传导途径发挥作用。后者有证据支持。在缺乏JAK激酶TYK2的UIA细胞中实施的研究(Velazquez L,et al.1992.Cell70:313-322)显示,这些细胞无法与αIFN结合及应答αIFN,但它们可与βIFN结合及应答βIFN(Pellegrini S,et al.1989.Mol Cell Biol9,4605-4612)。这提示,αIFN的结合位点需要TYK2的存在。在βIFN的结合位点的情况中,这些可在TYK2缺失下形成。
在MS中用αIFN实施的临床试验(CT)显示了差的功效(GilhusEN,World Neurology1995,5:10-12;Sheridan P(ed),MultipleSclerosis Research in progress1993-1994.Clinical Trials.International Federation of Multiple Sclerosis Societies,London,1995,pp.3-35;Trials with Alferon,human leukocyte interferon alpha.Clinical Trials Monitor,1997;4(12):4)。
βIFN是由美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)为MS批准的药物之一,且也报道反映其差的有效性和其为达到效应对高剂量的依赖性(ZaragozáGarcía F et al.Farm Hospit.2002;26:294-301)。
此外,对于IFN治疗,已描述依赖于剂量和施用途径的次生效应。患者可在各注射之后24~48小时之间经历假-流感反应诸如发热,肌痛,寒战及一般性不适。在5%的患者中发生注射位点的坏死。
另一方面,白细胞介素2(IL-2)的主要体内作用之一是促进胸腺发育和调控T细胞(cTreg)外周扩展。IL-2或IL-2Rβ缺陷小鼠中cTreg活性的损失产生严重的抗原依赖性淋巴结病,之后是致死自身免疫。IL-2依赖性cTreg的存在基于许多过继转移和遗传实验。最近已显示cTreg具有作为后缺血性炎性脑损伤的脑保护性调节物的重要作用(Liesz A et al.Nat Med200915,192-199)。
自身免疫疾病(诸如MS)和脑缺血的特征在于cTreg的相对缺乏。因此,cTreg扩展可改善这些疾病。IL-2可产生体内cTreg扩展,其提供此治疗模式的潜在临床应用(Liu R.Eur J Immunol.2010;40:1577-89)。
IL-2被认为是生物学应答修饰物,其已用于癌治疗诸如黑色素瘤和肾细胞癌以及HIV。由于低剂量达不到期望的治疗效果,已测试高剂量进程的IL-2。
高剂量进程暗示每8小时由静脉内途径施用IL-2,如果患者对其耐受,至达到15剂量。此进程具有显著次生效应,当治疗停止时在多数情况中可反转,但由于它们中一些的严重性,患者会住院且有时需要在重症监护的同时接收药物。
特别关心的另一产物是被称为GHRP-6(“生长激素释放肽-6”)的肽。此肽,原本被叙述为源于肠m-脑啡肽,此后在不同哺乳动物物种(包括人)中显示预料不到的生长激素(GH)促分泌剂效应(BowersCY,et al.Endocrinology.1984,114:1537-45;Pandya N,et al.J ClinEndocrinol Metab.1998,83:1186-9)。此分子已被作为促分泌剂静脉内施用给人,用于不同形式的侏儒症的差异临床诊断(Popovic V,et al.Lancet.2000;356:1137-42)。
在CNS中GHRP-6增加胰岛素-样生长因子1表达(IGF-1)(FragoL.M,et al.Endocrinology2002,143:4113-4122)。IGF-1介入特定过程,诸如:(1)增加与少突胶质细胞成熟相关的事件(Wilson H.C,etal.Glia2003,44:153-165),(2)阻断TNF-α依赖性凋亡途径,和(3)减少主要组织相容性复合物I类分子的表达(Ito T,et al.Am.J.Pathol2004,164:623-634)。
已显示,GH和IGF-1分泌减少与在老年人中更频繁的脑缺血性过程关联(Frutos MG,et al.Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab.2007,293:E1140-52)。
GH/IGF-1轴的老化必需用刺激GH产生和分泌的治疗恢复。成年大鼠用GHRP-6的慢性系统性处理增加几个脑区诸如下丘脑和小脑中的IGF-1水平。而且,与抗-凋亡性作用正常关联的细胞内信号传导级联在这些区中活化。异常高浓度的谷氨酸钠可引发产生细胞损伤和/或死亡的神经元兴奋过度。GHRP-6通过减少胱天蛋白酶7和9的活化来恢复谷氨酸盐-诱导的细胞死亡(Delgado-Rubín de Célix A,et al.J Neurochem2006,99:839-49)。
尽管GH促分泌剂合成肽成功,仍存在的问题是它们不得不一天注射几次,这是昂贵的,具有继发性效应,且它们很可能调控信号传导级联的内部受体,这表示它们的效应随时间减少。与GHRP-6注射关联的继发性效应是:癌,低血压,充血性心脏病,不受控的出血,腕隧道综合征,胰岛素敏感度减小,低血糖症,男子乳腺发育,水肿,儿童白血病,生酮和过敏性反应。
红细胞生成素(EPO)以非特异性方式对测定大量的完全不同的脑疾病的严重性或进展的“最终共同级联”的组分发挥作用。EPO具有抗-凋亡性,抗-炎性,抗氧化性,神经营养,血管发生和干细胞调节效应,因此能影响神经可塑性。EPO保护及再生性质已有报道,以及几种神经学和精神病学疾病动物模型中认知功能的改善。“哥廷根-EPO-中风试验”在急性脑疾病中为神经保护治疗在人中提供第1个有希望的证据。在精神分裂症患者中为改善认知功能用EPO的实验治疗代表慢性脑疾病的新策略。在慢性进行性MS中的探索性测定,作为神经系统的炎性疾病的一例,对运动和认知功能提供EPO治疗的第1个阳性结果(Ehrenreich H,et al.(2008)J Ren Nutr.18:146-53)。EPO在脑和其他器官中具有造血功能,特别在发育期间。无唾液酸EPO,或低唾液酸EPO,已在自神经元培养到脑损伤体内模型的各种广泛的实验情景中被鉴定为神经营养和神经保护剂。已认识无唾液酸EPO产生神经保护的不同机理:(i)减小谷氨酸钠毒性,(ii)抗-凋亡性神经元因素产生的诱导,(iii)发炎减少,(iv)一氧化氮诱导的损伤的减少,及(v)直接抗氧化效应。证据提示,无唾液酸EPO可为成年和儿童中广泛的CNS病症的新策略,尤其作为围产期窒息的可能的替代物(S Juul.(2002)Acta Paediatrica91s438:36-42)。
缺血性梗塞与影响神经元和神经胶质脑组织的各种病理-生理学变化关联。这些变化被翻译为特定蛋白被释放到外周血。神经元特异性烯醇酶蛋白、S100B蛋白和特定神经胶质纤维蛋白是人中梗塞后脑损伤的可能的标志物。
尽管EPO和无唾液酸EPO蛋白已被用于脑缺血和神经退行性疾病治疗,也已报道与它们的使用关联的不利效果。EPO治疗和血细胞比容的增加与不利的事件诸如高血压和血栓形成关联。在这些情况中,也证明显示更多功效的药物组合的使用,其可导致更低剂量的使用,其他施用途径和不利的事件的减少。
因此,需要发现用于CNS缺血性或神经退行性损伤治疗的更有力的药物或组合的分子以减少与达到期望效果需要的高剂量的药物关联的不利的事件。
【发明内容】
本发明通过提供具有序列表中显示的序列和在它们的结构中具有四-吡咯系统的发色肽(PCB-aa)来解决上述的问题。首先显示这些化合物具有在组织缺血或变性的预防或治疗中持续它们的使用的性质。在特定实施方式中,它们可用于缺血性和神经退行性疾病治疗。
本发明的发色或PCB-aa肽由自它们的酶促消化获得的C-Phyco的α(α-C-Phyco)和β(β-C-Phyco)链的3-6个氨基酸之间的序列组成。
这些肽是:
SEQ ID NO:1:79MAABLR84(β-C-Phyco);
SEQ ID NO:2:84BAR86(α-C-Phyco);
SEQ ID NO:3:80AABLR84(β-C-Phyco);
SEQ ID NO:4:82BLR84(β-C-Phyco);
SEQ ID NO:5:81ABLR84(β-C-Phyco)
其中B(粗体)是与藻蓝素(PCB)共价结合的半胱氨酸。
而且,本发明的目的是包含SEQ ID NO:1~5所示的至少一种肽和药学可接受的赋形剂的药物组合物。
本发明的新颖性在于,在细胞系PC12及脑缺血和MS动物模型中,关于C-Phyco展示高于发色肽和PCB的神经保护和神经-再生剂效应,显示免于由谷氨酸钠诱导的损伤的保护,模拟脑缺血的机理。
PCB-aa和PCB肽以比PCB-aa低25倍和比PCB低10倍的摩尔浓度显示保护(2μM的PCB-aa和5μM的PCB保护100%的经历损伤的细胞),而保护约75%的细胞需要50μM的C-Phyco。
此外,在特定实施方式中展示,当动物用PCB-aa和PCB处理时,蒙古沙鼠中脑缺血再灌注模型I/R中梗塞体积的减小。结果显示相对于PCB(43.1%),PCB-aa(49.2%)的更高有效性。
因此,本发明的目的也是选自SEQ ID NO:1~SEQ ID NO:5所示的肽的化合物(简称为PCB-aa)及PCB用于生产对于缺血或组织变性治疗有用的药物的用途。在特定实施方式中,所述化合物用于缺血性,炎性或神经退行性损伤CNS疾病预防或治疗。
本发明的另一方面是提供缺血或组织变性治疗或预防的方法,其特征在于将包含选自SEQ ID NO:1~SEQ ID NO:5所示的肽的化合物和PCB的药物组合物施用给有需要的受试者。在特定实施方式中,本发明方法被表征,因为缺血或组织变性产生随缺血性,炎性或神经退行性损伤进展的CNS疾病。
在另一实施方式中,本发明提供药学组合,其包含:第1组分,其选自SEQ ID NO:1~SEQ ID NO:5所示的肽和藻蓝素,及第2组分,其选自I型干扰素,所述I型干扰素包括α(IFN-α)和β(IFN-β)干扰素,白细胞介素-2(IL-2),红细胞生成素(EPO),无唾液酸EPO和人GH的促分泌肽(GHRP-6)。
活性组分的协同效应是指它们的神经保护和/或神经再生性质,证明它们在不同来源的脑缺血及在神经退行性疾病诸如MS、阿尔茨海默病、侧肌萎缩硬化、脊柱-小脑共济失调、亨廷顿病和帕金森病中的用途。
尽管α和βIFN是I型IFN,且使用复合共同受体,许多观察提示,对于诱导特定生物学效应,α和βIFN在性质上有差异。
在特定实施方式中,在关于独立有效成分展示PCB-aa/IFN-α和PCB/IFN-α组合的协同效应的实验自身免疫脑脊髓炎(EAE)模型中预防性进程中实施PCB-aa/IFN-α和PCB/IFN-α组合的评估,认为防止疾病发展。
在另一特定实施方式中,在蒙古沙鼠脑I/R模型中,通过将它们与它们的独立有效成分比较来评价PCB-aa和PCB与IFN-α和IFN-β的组合,将它们以3.375mg/Kg的PCB-aa,750μg/Kg的PCB和500ng/Kg的两种IFN的剂量施用而显示相对有效性,对于IFN-α与PCB和PCB-aa的组合,分别是83.3%和89.3%的脑梗塞体积的减小;及对于IFN-β与PCB和PCB-aa的组合,分别是87.0%和93.6%的脑梗塞体积的减小,这相比独立有效成分更高。
此外,在另一特定实施方式中,评价组合PCB-aa/IFN-β和PCB/IFN-β,将其以每天剂量的3.375mg/Kg的PCB-aa/Kg,750μg/Kg的PCB和6剂量的500ng/Kg的IFN-β施用。结果显示,在EAE模型中,临床症状减小中的相对有效性大于独立有效成分。因此,也展示EAE动物模型中的治疗效果。
其他实施方式包括评估由不同途径(腹膜内、鼻、口腔和直肠)施用到EAE模型中的PCB-aa/IFN-β和PCB/IFN-β的组合作为药学组合,在临床体征上展示近似药理学效应。可在单个治疗过程期间,将提及的药学组合的化合物形成部分同时或独立地应用于相同的个体。在本发明中,可将药学组合随用于这些途径的适当的赋形剂经肠胃外、鼻、口腔或直肠施用。
在另一特定实施方式中,在脑缺血中评价PCB-aa、PCB和IL-2的效应。在蒙古沙鼠脑缺血模型中,相比独立活性组分,组合PCB-aa/IL-2和PCB/IL-2在脑梗塞体积减小中具有协同效应(PCB-aa是49.2%有效性,PCB是43.1%有效性,IL-2是25.8%有效性,PCB-aa/IL-2的组合是84.3%有效性,组合PCB/IL-2是74.5%有效性)。
另一方面,实施组合PCB/GHRP-6和独立有效成分的评估,将它们腹膜内施用到蒙古沙鼠脑I/R动物模型中。从形态测定观点,观察组合的协同效应,所述组合具有85%有效性值,与此相比,PCB是35.8%,GHRP-6是36.1%)。
本发明的另一新颖性构成为,相比独立组分,组合PCB-aa/EPO和PCB-aa/无唾液酸EPO展示的梗塞体积减小的协同效应(PCB-aa是49.2%,EPO是36.9%,无唾液酸EPO是39.4%,组合PCB/EPO是87.7%,组合PCB/无唾液酸EPO是90.5%,组合PCB-aa/EPO是91.7%,组合PCB-aa/无唾液酸EPO是94.5%有效性)。前者证明所述组合用于治疗进展的,或作为缺血性损伤的结果的CNS疾病。
可在医疗过程期间将形成本发明的治疗性组合的组分同时或依次施用给相同的个体。
本发明也旨在药学组合用于生产用于预防或治疗缺血性,炎性或神经退行性来源的CNS疾病的药物的用途,所述药学组合包含:第1组分,其选自SEQ ID NO:1~SEQ ID NO:5所示的肽和藻蓝素,及第2组分,其选自:I型IFN,所述I型IFN包括α(IFN-α)和β(IFN-β)IFN,白细胞介素-2(IL-2),红细胞生成素(EPO),无唾液酸EPO和人GH促分泌肽(GHRP-6)。在本发明的一方面,所述药物保护急性或慢性疾病导致损伤的脑实质。
本发明也涵盖用于预防或治疗缺血性、炎性或神经退行性来源的CNS疾病的方法,其特征在于给有需要的受试者施用药学组合,所述药学组合包含:第1组分,其选自SEQ ID NO:1~SEQ ID NO:5所示的肽和藻蓝素;及第2组分,其选自:I型干扰素,所述I型干扰素包括α干扰素(IFN-α)和β干扰素(IFN-β),白细胞介素-2(IL-2),红细胞生成素(EPO),无唾液酸EPO和人生长激素的促分泌肽(GHRP-6)。此方法的特征在于形成组合的组分可在医疗治疗过程中同时或依次施用给相同的受试者。在特定发明中,此治疗应用于不同来源的脑缺血、MS、阿尔茨海默病、侧肌萎缩硬化、脊柱-小脑共济失调、亨廷顿病和帕金森病。
【附图说明】
图1.通过由代谢治疗获得的PCB(A)和由胰蛋白酶消化获得的发色肽的质量光谱法表征,一起被定义为:PCB-aa,B:SEQ ID NO:1;C:SEQ ID NO:2;D:SEQ ID NO:3~5。
图2.在神经元系PC12中C-藻蓝素(C-Phyco)(A)及PCB和PCB-aa(B)针对谷氨酸钠(50mM)诱导的损伤的神经保护剂效应的体外研究。符号指示培养基中相应化合物的存在(+),缺失(-)或浓度。不同字母指示根据ANOVA之后是Newman-Keuls多比较检验的统计学显著差异,p<0.05。图中显示的值是平均值±平均值的标准误差(MSE)。
图3.蒙古沙鼠中颈总动脉(CCA)瞬时阻塞(10min)的24h后PCB-aa(肽1~5)对脑梗塞体积的治疗性治疗效果。不同字母指示根据ANOVA之后是Newman-Keuls多比较检验的统计学显著差异,p<0.05。图中的值表示为平均值±MSE。
图4.在蒙古沙鼠中CCA瞬时(10min)阻塞的24h之后用PCB,PCB-aa(肽1),IFN-α和IFN-β和PCB/IFN-α,PCB/IFN-β,PCB-aa/IFN-α和PCB-aa/IFN-β组合治疗性治疗对脑梗塞体积的效应。不同字母指示统计学地显著差异认为I/R基+盐水,p<0.05。图中的值表示为平均值±MSE。
图5.PCB-aa(肽1)/IFN-β,PCB/IFN-β组合和它们的独立有效成分对C57BL6小鼠中EAE的临床过程的效应。图中显示的值是各组临床指标的平均值。
图6.PCB-aa(肽1)/IFN-β组合施用的由不同途径:腹膜内,鼻,口腔和直肠对患病EAE C57BL6小鼠临床指标的效应。图中显示的值是各组临床指标的平均值。
图7.在蒙古沙鼠中CCA瞬时(10min)阻塞的24h之后用PCB,PCB-aa(肽2),IL-2,或组合PCB/IL-2和PCB-aa(肽2)/IL-2对脑梗塞体积的治疗效果。不同字母指示相对于I/R+盐水组的显著差异,*p<0.05。图中显示的值是平均值±MSE。
图8.经历CCA瞬时(10min)阻塞的蒙古沙鼠中用PCB-aa(肽3),GHRP-6肽,或其组合治疗效果的形态测定评估。A:在缺血性事件的3、6和12h之后经历假手术(假),或用盐溶液处理的,或用PCB-aa(肽3)和GHRP-6(6.25μg/kg,腹膜内途径)处理的或用PCB-aa(肽3)/GHRP-6(维持对应剂量和施用途径)处理30min的动物左海马的代表性图像(4×放大率)。B:在对各实验组的两海马的C2,CA3和CA4区内实施双侧细胞计数。不同字母指示相对于I/R+盐水组的显著差异,*p<0.05。图中显示的值是平均值±MSE。
图9.在蒙古沙鼠CCA瞬时阻塞(10min)的24h后用PCB,PCB-aa(肽4),EPO,无唾液酸EPO或它们的相应组合PCB/EPO,PCB/无唾液酸EPO,PCB-aa(肽4)/EPO和PCB-aa(肽5)/无唾液酸EPO治疗性治疗对脑梗塞体积的效应。不同字母指示相对于I/R+盐水组的显著差异,p<0.05。图中显示的值是平均值±MSE。
【实施例】
【实施例1.由代谢处理获得的藻蓝素(PCB)及发色肽(PCB-aa)的质量光谱法】
图1A显示对应于由C-Phyco代谢提取物的差异超滤获得的生色团PCB的m/z信号587.26。
图1B、C和D显示由C-Phyco的胰蛋白酶消化获得的PCB-aa的质量光谱。
【实施例2.PC12细胞系中C-Phyco,PCB和PCB-aa针对谷氨酸钠诱导的损伤的神经保护剂效应】
将PC12细胞(1.5×104细胞/孔)用C-Phyco(25,50μM)或PCB(0.5;1;5μM)或PCB-aa(0.25;1;2μM)预处理24h期间,然后使其与对应产物(不同剂量)一起与50μM谷氨酸钠共温浴4h。由(3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基四唑鎓溴化物方法(MTT)测量细胞活力,并报道相对于对照的百分率,如显示于图2。可观察到,为达到与C-Phyco浓度所达到的类似细胞活力,需要更低浓度的PCB和PCB-aa。关于所述化合物,达到与PCB和C-Phyco类似效应的PCB-aa(肽1)浓度甚至更低。
【实施例3.在蒙古沙鼠I/R模型中由梗塞体积减小展示PCB-aa肽的神经保护剂和/或神经再生剂性质】
将动物在缺血性事件的3、6和12h之后用盐溶液或用累积剂量的PCB-aa肽(每只3.375mg/kg),由腹膜内途径处理30min。
各处理的有效性百分率根据以下式计算:有效性%=(1-Vi/VI/R)x100。Vi:用对应产物处理的缺血性组的梗塞体积;VI/R:用盐溶液处理的缺血性组的梗塞体积。
如可在图3中观察到,相对于用盐溶液处理的缺血性组,用由SEQID NO:1~SEQ ID NO:5组成的发色肽(PCB-aa)处理的动物显示梗塞体积的显著减小。
【实施例4.在沙鼠双侧缺血-再灌注模型中组合PCB/IFN-α,PCB-aa(肽1)/IFN-α,PCB/IFN-β和PCB-aa(肽1)/IFN-β的效应】
在缺血性事件的3、6和12h之后,用盐溶液(由腹膜内途径)或用一剂量的PCB(750μg/Kg,腹膜内途径)或PCB-aa(肽1)(3.375mg/kg),IFN-α和IFN-β(500ng/Kg,皮下途径)的个体化合物或用组合PCB/IFN-α,PCB/IFN-β,PCB-aa(肽1)/IFN-α和PCB-aa(肽1)/IFN-β根据图4中显示的剂量处理动物30min。如实施例3中所述计算有效性的百分率。
各组脑梗塞体积减小证明评价的处理的有效性(图4),观察梗塞指标减小,用PCB处理的组中有效性是43.1%;用PCB-aa(肽1)处理的组中有效性是49.2%;用IFN-α处理的组中有效性是35.4%;用IFN-β处理的组中有效性是37.0%;用PCB/IFN-α处理的组中有效性是83.3%;用PCB-aa(肽1)/IFN-α处理的组中有效性是89.3%;用PCB/IFN-β处理的组中有效性是87.0%;及用PCB-aa(肽1)/IFN-β处理的组中有效性是93.6%;证明用组合处理的动物中两种有效成分的协同效应。
【实施例5.关于EAE模型中的临床体征,相对于独立有效成分,PCB/IFN-α和PCB-aa(肽1)/IFN-α组合的药理学效应的展示】
另一方面,在EAE模型中,以预防性进程实施组合PCB/IFN-α和PCB-aa(肽1)/IFN-α的评估,(表1),其中展示以之前宣称的剂量防止疾病发展的所述组合的协同效应。
表1.EAE模型中预防进程中PCB-aa(肽1)/IFN-α和PCB/IFN-α组合和它们的有效成分独立地评估。
如显示于表1,用不同剂量的PCB/IFN-α和PCB-aa(肽1)/IFN-α的组合分别提供诱导发展EAE的85%和100%之间的动物的保护。
【实施例6.关于EAE模型中的临床体征,相对于独立有效成分,组合PCB/IFN-β和PCB-aa(肽1)/IFN-β的药理学效应的展示】
为了以预防性(表2)以及治疗性进程(图5),关于C57BL6小鼠EAE模型中临床体征的减小,展示组合PCB/IFNb和PCB-aa(肽1)/IFN-β的药理学效应,使用以下个体化合物:每天施用PCB(750μg/kg,腹膜内途径),PCB-aa(3.375mg/kg,腹膜内途径)经15天和将6剂量的IFNb(500ng/Kg,皮下途径)使用每周3次,或根据表2中显示的剂量使用它们的组合。
各处理的有效性的百分率根据以下式计算:有效性的%=(1-ACi/ACEAE)x100。ACi:用对应产物处理的组的曲线下区;ACEAE:EAE组的曲线下区。
以预防性进程,在EAE诱导的15天之前实施治疗,及以治疗性进程,自临床体征开始起始。对照组对应于未接收任何治疗的健康动物。
表2显示以预防性进程获得的结果,其中组合PCB/IFN-β和PCB-aa(肽1)/IFN-β分别保护90%~100%的动物免于EAE发展。因此,相对于独立有效成分观察到协同效应。
表2.EAE预防性模型中组合PCB-aa(肽1)/IFN-β和PCB/IFN-β,及它们的有效成分独立地评估。
图5显示大于用独立有效成分获得的临床体征减小的临床体征减小,PCB(750μg/kg,腹膜内途径),PCB-aa(3.375mg/kg,腹膜内途径),IFN-β(500ng/Kg,皮下途径),在EAE模型中,以治疗性进程,也在用组合治疗的组中证明协同效应,PCB(750μg/kg)/IFN-β(500ng/Kg)或PCB-aa(3.375mg/kg)/IFN-β(500ng/Kg),组合PCB/IFN-β是87.7%有效性;组合PCB-aa/IFN-β是94.5%有效性;PCB是46.1%有效性;PCB-aa是53.9%和IFNβ是34.8%有效性。
【实施例7.在EAE模型中由不同途径的组合PCB-aa(肽1)/IFNb的治疗效应的展示】
EAE组的动物每天接收由腹膜内途径施用盐溶液。将用组合PCB-aa(肽1)/IFN-β(PCB-aa3.375mg/kg+500ng的IFN-β/Kg)处理的小鼠根据以下施用途径分为不同组:腹膜内,口腔,鼻和直肠。在免疫的自第9天和至多第24天之后是治疗性进程连续15日。对照组对应于未接收任何处理的健康小鼠。在免疫之后第27天实施临床评估。
如在图6中证明,在评价的不同途径(腹膜内,鼻,口腔和直肠)之间未检测到统计学显著差异,表明它们可以等同的有效性使用。
【实施例8.在沙鼠双侧I/R模型中组合PCB/IL-2和PCB-aa(肽2)/IL-2的神经保护剂和/或神经再生剂效应】
在缺血性事件的3、6和12h之后,将动物用盐溶液(由腹膜内途径)或用累积剂量的PCB(750μg/Kg,由腹膜内途径),PCB-aa(肽2)(3.375mg/kg),IL-2(100ng/Kg,皮下途径)或用PCB/IL-2和PCB-aa(肽2)/IL-2(维持对应剂量和施用途径)处理30min。在图7中可观察到各组梗塞体积的减小。
如在实施例3中所述计算各处理的有效性的百分率,PCB是43.1%;PCB-aa(肽2)是49.2%;IL-2是25.8%;PCB/IL-2组合是74.5%;及PCB-aa(肽2)/IL-2是84.3%,这证明用组合处理的动物中两有效成分的协同效应。
【实施例9.沙鼠双侧缺血-再灌注模型中PCB/GHRP-6组合和其独立有效成分的治疗效果】
在经历瞬时(10min)CCA阻塞的蒙古沙鼠中测试用PCB-aa(肽3)、GHRP-6肽或其组合治疗性治疗的形态测定评估。在缺血性事件的3、6和12h之后评价用累积剂量的PCB-aa(肽3)(750μg/Kg,由腹膜内途径)、GHRP-6(6.25μg/kg,腹膜内途径)或用PCB-aa(肽3)/GHRP-6(维持对应剂量和施用途径)处理30min。对各实验组在C2,CA3和CA4区中实施双侧细胞计数,并将其以相对于假(阴性或假手术)组的百分率表示。结果显示,在I/R组动物中,有包括实际上全部海马区域(CA2,CA3,CA4)的细胞系的几乎完全丧失。
相对于独立有效成分(PCB-aa(肽3)是35.8%有效性和GHRP-6是36.1%有效性),在用PCB-aa组合(肽3)/GHRP-6处理的组中观察到协同效应(85%有效性)(图8)。
【实施例10.沙鼠双侧I/R模型中PCB/EPO,PCB-aa(肽4)/EPO,PCB/无唾液酸EPO和PCB-aa(肽5)/无唾液酸EPO组合和它们的独立有效成分的治疗效果】
在缺血性事件的3、6和12h之后,将动物用盐溶液(通过腹膜内途径)或用累积剂量的PCB(750μg/Kg,由腹膜内途径),PCB-aa(肽4)3.375mg/kg,EPO(500U/Kg,通过腹膜内途径),无唾液酸EPO(200U/Kg,通过鼻途径)或用PCB/EPO或PCB-aa(肽4)/EPO,PCB/无唾液酸EPO和PCB-aa(肽5)/无唾液酸EPO(维持剂量和对应施用途径)处理30min。
实施组合和它们的独立组分的治疗效果的评估。如在实施例3中所述计算各处理的有效性百分率。
观察脑梗塞体积/组的减小,这证明所评价的处理的有效性(图9),在用PCB处理的组中梗塞体积减小是43.1%有效性;PCB-aa(肽4)是49.2%;EPO是36.9%;无唾液酸EPO是39.4%;及在用PCB/EPO(87.7%有效性),PCB/无唾液酸EPO(90.5%有效性),PCB-aa(肽4)/EPO(91.7%)和PCB-aa(肽5)/无唾液酸EPO(94.5%)处理的组中甚至更大,这显示组合中的有效成分的协同效应。
Claims (16)
1.具有藻蓝素结构的3至6个氨基酸之间的序列的发色肽(PCB-aa),其特征在于,其氨基酸序列选自SEQ ID NO:1~SEQ IDNO:5所示的序列。
2.药物组合物,其特征在于,其包括至少一种权利要求1的发色肽(PCB-aa)和可接受的药学赋形剂。
3.权利要求2的药物组合物,其特征在于,其包括0.9~3.375mg范围内的由SEQ ID NO:1~SEQ ID NO:5组成的至少一种发色肽(PCB-aa)和药学可接受的赋形剂,所述药物组合物用于预防和治疗缺血性和神经退行性疾病。
4.化合物,其选自权利要求1的SEQ ID NO:1~SEQ ID NO:5所示的肽和藻蓝素,所述化合物用于预防或治疗缺血或脑退行。
5.权利要求4的化合物用于制备药物的用途,所述药物用于预防或治疗随缺血性,炎性或神经退行性损伤进展的中枢神经系统(CNS)疾病。
6.用于预防或治疗缺血或组织变性的方法,其包括施用包括至少一种权利要求4的化合物的药物组合物。
7.权利要求6的方法,其中缺血或组织变性产生随缺血性、炎性或神经退行性损伤进展的CNS疾病。
8.药学组合,其特征在于,其组分具有协同效应,且包含:
第1组分,其选自根据权利要求4的SEQ ID NO:1~SEQ ID NO:5所示的肽和藻蓝素,及
第2组分,其选自I型干扰素、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、红细胞生成素(EPO)、无唾液酸EPO和人生长激素的肽促分泌剂(GHRP-6)。
9.权利要求8的组合,其中第2组分可为干扰素α或干扰素β。
10.权利要求8的组合,其中使用:
0.9-3.375mg/Kg重量的SEQ ID NO:1~SEQ ID NO:5所示的任何肽,
300~750μg/Kg重量的藻蓝素、和
500~5000ng/Kg重量的α或β干扰素。
11.权利要求8的药学组合在制备用于预防或治疗缺血性,炎性或神经退行性来源的CNS疾病的药物中的用途,所述药学组合包含:
第1组分,其选自SEQ ID NO:1~SEQ ID NO:5所示的肽和藻蓝素,及
第2组分,其选自:I型干扰素,所述I型干扰素包括α干扰素(IFN-α)和β干扰素(IFN-β);白细胞介素-2(IL-2);红细胞生成素(EPO);无唾液酸EPO和人生长激素的肽促分泌剂(GHRP-6)。
12.权利要求11的用途,其中该药物保护急性或慢性疾病导致损伤的脑实质。
13.权利要求11的用途,其中CNS疾病包括:不同来源的脑缺血,多发性硬化,阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病。
14.用于预防或治疗缺血性、炎性或神经退行性来源的CNS疾病的方法,其特征在于,给有需要的受试者施用药学组合,所述药学组合包括:
第1组分,其选自SEQ ID NO:1~SEQ ID NO:5所示的肽和藻蓝素;及
第2组分,其选自:I型干扰素,所述I型干扰素包括干扰素α(IFN-α)和干扰素β(IFN-β);白细胞介素-2(IL-2);红细胞生成素(EPO);无唾液酸EPO和人GH的促分泌肽(GHRP-6)。
15.权利要求14的方法,其中所述组合保护急性或慢性疾病导致损伤的脑实质。
16.权利要求14的方法,其中形成所述组合的组分可在医疗治疗CNS疾病期间同时或依次施用给相同的受试者,所述CNS疾病诸如不同来源的脑缺血、多发性硬化、阿尔茨海默病、肌萎缩侧索硬化症、脊髓小脑共济失调、亨廷顿病和帕金森病。
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IN (1) | IN2014CN00510A (zh) |
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CN108752445A (zh) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-06 | 广东药科大学 | 一种螺旋藻蛋白的制备工艺及其神经保护用途 |
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WO2014206899A1 (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2014-12-31 | Icm (Institut Du Cerveau Et De La Moelle Épinière) | Boosting treg cells for treating alzheimer disease and related disorders |
US9119832B2 (en) | 2014-02-05 | 2015-09-01 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Methods of treating mild brain injury |
RU2613765C1 (ru) * | 2016-01-26 | 2017-03-21 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М.К.Аммосова" | Способ лечения спиноцеребеллярной атаксии |
KR102152407B1 (ko) * | 2019-02-26 | 2020-09-07 | (주)나우코스 | 스피루리나에서 유래한 파이코시아노블린 및 이의 유도체를 유효성분으로 포함하는 화장료 조성물 |
KR20210091664A (ko) | 2020-01-14 | 2021-07-22 | 경북대학교 산학협력단 | 중간엽 줄기세포 유래 단백질을 포함하는 소뇌성운동실조증의 치료 예후를 예측하기 위한 바이오마커, 및 이를 이용한 소뇌성운동실조증의 치료용 조성물 |
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US7025965B1 (en) * | 2003-02-12 | 2006-04-11 | Pharma Chemie, Inc. | Method of use and dosage composition of bluegreen algae extract for inflammation in animals |
ATE471720T1 (de) * | 2003-03-28 | 2010-07-15 | Faron Pharmaceuticals Oy | Erhöhung des adenosin-spiegels durch cytokin- induzierte expression von cd73 |
CU23581A1 (es) * | 2005-10-28 | 2010-10-30 | Ct Ingenieria Genetica Biotech | Interferon alfa y c-ficocianina para el tratamiento de enfermedades autoinmunes, alérgicas y cáncer |
AU2007264042B2 (en) * | 2006-06-27 | 2012-01-12 | Nutratec S.R.L. | Alphanizomenon Flos Aquae preparation, extracts and purified components thereof for the treatment of neurological, neurodegenerative and mood disorders |
EP3597188A1 (en) * | 2006-11-13 | 2020-01-22 | PCB Associates, Inc. | An isolated phycobilin for use in a method for prophylaxis or treatment of a medical condition |
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DANIEL J. LUNDELL: "Bilin Attachment Sites in the a! and /3 Subunits of B-Phycoerythrin", 《THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMIST》 * |
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CN108752445A (zh) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-06 | 广东药科大学 | 一种螺旋藻蛋白的制备工艺及其神经保护用途 |
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US20170119733A1 (en) | 2017-05-04 |
BR112013033970A2 (pt) | 2017-02-14 |
RU2014103246A (ru) | 2015-08-10 |
ES2601887T3 (es) | 2017-02-16 |
ZA201309554B (en) | 2014-08-27 |
AU2012280776A1 (en) | 2014-01-23 |
WO2013004203A1 (es) | 2013-01-10 |
KR101987978B1 (ko) | 2019-06-11 |
RU2569302C2 (ru) | 2015-11-20 |
CN103649106B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
AU2012280776B2 (en) | 2016-07-14 |
JP6023803B2 (ja) | 2016-11-09 |
BR112013033970B1 (pt) | 2022-10-18 |
CU23963B1 (es) | 2013-12-11 |
DK2733149T3 (en) | 2016-11-28 |
KR20140078601A (ko) | 2014-06-25 |
MX2013015206A (es) | 2014-02-20 |
CA2838496C (en) | 2020-01-07 |
AR087034A1 (es) | 2014-02-05 |
SI2733149T1 (sl) | 2017-01-31 |
CU20110146A7 (es) | 2013-02-26 |
EP2733149B1 (en) | 2016-09-28 |
CA2838496A1 (en) | 2013-01-10 |
EP2733149B9 (en) | 2019-05-15 |
US9518085B2 (en) | 2016-12-13 |
US20140356319A1 (en) | 2014-12-04 |
EP2733149A1 (en) | 2014-05-21 |
MX345534B (es) | 2017-02-03 |
JP2014520764A (ja) | 2014-08-25 |
IN2014CN00510A (zh) | 2015-04-03 |
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