CN103589070A - 物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN103589070A
CN103589070A CN201310636702.4A CN201310636702A CN103589070A CN 103589070 A CN103589070 A CN 103589070A CN 201310636702 A CN201310636702 A CN 201310636702A CN 103589070 A CN103589070 A CN 103589070A
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董景茹
汪全信
董文博
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TIANJIN POLYTECH POLYMER TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

一种物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料及其制备方法，该电缆料主要由以下重量份数的组分组成：高熔体强度聚丙烯树脂50至60份，乙烯-辛烯共聚物树脂树脂20至30份，乙烯-丁烯共聚物树脂20至30份，聚乙烯蜡5至8份，膨胀微球2至3份，流变剂0.1份。物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料的制备方法是，将除了高熔体强度聚丙烯树脂原料外按照各自重量份数配好计量后投入混合机内混合均匀，然后送入双螺杆挤出机中共混挤出、过滤拉条，再经过水槽冷却干燥，进入切粒机切成发泡母粒，再按照1：1的比例与高熔体强度聚丙烯树脂混合包装，得到成品；该电缆料发泡度高，强度高，成本低，可广泛用于电力电缆轻质内护套；其制备方法设计合理，操作简便。

Description

物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于电力电缆用轻质内护层的物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料及其制备方法，尤其涉及一种物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料及其制备方法。
背景技术
电力电缆对于现代生活就像人体的动脉血管一样必不可少，广泛深入到我们生活的方方面面，我们无法想象没有电的生活。目前输电用电力电缆敷设于地下或敷设专用电缆桥架上。为了不让电缆受到外部机械力的损伤，在电缆结构设计时，除了最外层用塑料或橡胶做外护套之外，其主要保护作用的内护套多用镀锌钢带或镀锌钢丝，这样的结构已经在电缆行业使用了上百年。但是由于钢带和钢丝比重大，为7.85g/cm3，所以钢带或钢丝重量在电缆总重比例达到20～60％，甚至70％，所以在制造和施工过程中需要大型叉车或吊车或牵引车搬运和拖动施工。人们开始考虑采用轻量化材料代替钢带和钢丝用于电缆内护层。可内护层要求强度高、低成本、生产效率高，起到保护电缆内绝缘的作用，采用物理发泡聚丙烯内护层可以满足要求：一方面比起绕包钢带或钢丝工艺相比简单，用常规挤出机挤出，可以大幅度提高生产效率，二是显著降低电缆重量，因为发泡聚丙烯密度只有0.6～0.7g/cm3，至少可以降低20～50％的重量，便于搬运和施工；三是成本低廉。
物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料技术难点主要在于：1.发泡基材必须用高熔体强度聚丙烯。普通聚丙烯树脂由于熔体强度低，根本无法发泡，即使发泡也容易破泡，产生塌陷，韧性差，强度低，无法使用；2.另一方面传统化学发泡剂存在分散性差，分解产物腐蚀金属模具、等缺点，从而造成发泡度不稳定、发泡度低；3.再一方面工艺方面采用传统的简单共混方法很容易造成分散不均匀导致发泡不均匀，易产生缺陷，最终影响产品质量。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服困扰该项技术三大缺点，提供一种物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料及其制备方法，采用高熔体强度聚丙烯树脂为基本原料，通过添加乙烯-辛烯共聚物树脂进一步提高熔体强度和韧性，添加乙烯-丁烯共聚物树脂改善加工性能，添加一种可发泡膨胀微球，加热可显著膨胀数倍，其发泡度在30～40％，产生均匀、细密、封闭的泡沫，添加低分子聚乙烯蜡降低熔体粘度，使发泡母粒再挤出造粒过程中不会提前发泡，在挤出电缆内护层生产过程中可均匀发泡，密度达到0.6～0.7g/cm3，并保持适当抗张强度和抗压强度以及弯曲性能，替代钢带或钢丝，大幅度降低电缆重量。其制备方法设计合理，操作简便。
本发明的目的是由以下技术方案实现的。
本发明物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料其特征在于，其主要成份和重量份数是：高熔体强度聚丙烯树脂50至60份，乙烯-辛烯共聚物树脂20至30份，乙烯-丁烯共聚物树脂20至30份，聚乙烯蜡5至8份，膨胀微球2至3份，流变剂0.1份。
前述的物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料，其中，根据权利要求1所述的物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料，其特征在于，所述高熔体强度聚丙烯树脂为熔指为0.5～2.0/10min，密度为0.90g/cm3，熔体强度不小于20cN的高熔体强度聚丙烯树脂；乙烯-辛烯共聚物树脂为熔指为0.5～2.0g/10min，密度为0.87g/cm3的乙烯-辛烯共聚物树脂；乙烯-丁烯共聚物树脂为熔指为15～30g/10min，密度为0.885g/cm3的乙烯-丁烯共聚物树脂；聚乙烯蜡为分子量为2000至3000，熔点为105至110℃的低分子聚乙烯蜡；膨胀微球为粒径28至40微米，起始膨胀温度为135至150℃的未膨胀微球干粉；流变剂为为四氟乙烯-偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物。
本发明所述的物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料的制备方法，其特征在于，将除了高熔体强度聚丙烯以外原料按照各自重量份数配好计量后投入混合机混合均匀，接着在双螺杆挤出机中共混、挤出、过滤、拉条，再经水槽冷却，通过鼓风机干燥，进入切粒机切成发泡母粒，再按照1：1的比例与高熔体强度聚丙烯混合均匀，最后包装，得到成品。
所述的物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述混合机的混合时间为5～10分钟；所述挤出机是直径为50mm的双螺杆挤出机，其挤出温度为100至130℃，挤出速度为200至300转/分钟；所述冷却后包装的温度是50℃以下。
本发明物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料及其制备方法的有益效果，其采用强度较高的高熔体强度聚丙烯树脂为基本原料；通过添加分子链较长的乙烯-辛烯共聚物树脂，可以进一步提高熔体强度和韧性；通过添加乙烯-丁烯共聚物树脂改善材料加工性能性能，添加聚乙烯蜡降低熔体粘度，添加膨胀微球，利用其加热可以膨胀到原来的3～10倍体积，降低密度，添加流变剂改善材料的表面，材料的使用范围广泛；提供一种物理发泡聚烯烃弹性体电缆料及其制备方法，挤出发泡后密度控制在0.6至0.7g/cm3之间。其制备方法设计合理，操作简便。
附图说明
图1是本发明的工作流程图。
具体实施方式
本发明物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料，其主要成份和重量份数是：高熔体强度聚丙烯树脂50至60份，乙烯-辛烯共聚物树脂20至30份，乙烯-丁烯共聚物树脂20至30份，聚乙烯蜡5至8份，膨胀微球2至3份，流变剂0.1份。
本发明的物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料，其中，所述高熔体强度聚丙烯树脂为熔指为0.5～2.0/10min，密度为0.90g/cm3，熔体强度不小于20cN的高熔体强度聚丙烯树脂；乙烯-辛烯共聚物树脂为熔指为0.5～2.0g/10min，密度为0.87g/cm3的乙烯-辛烯共聚物树脂；乙烯-丁烯共聚物树脂树脂为熔指为15～30g/10min，密度为0.885g/cm3的乙烯-丁烯共聚物树脂；聚乙烯蜡为分子量为2000至3000，熔点为105至110℃的低分子聚乙烯蜡；膨胀微球为粒径28至40微米，起始膨胀温度为135至150℃的未膨胀微球干粉；流变剂为为四氟乙烯-偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物。
本发明所述的物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料的制备方法，其特征在于，将除了高熔体强度聚丙烯以外原料按照各自重量份数配好计量后投入混合机混合均匀，接着在双螺杆挤出机中共混、挤出、过滤、拉条，再经水槽冷却，通过鼓风机干燥，进入切粒机切成发泡母粒，再按照1：1的比例与高熔体强度聚丙烯混合均匀，最后包装，得到成品。
本发明物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料的制备方法，其中，所述混合机的混合时间为5至10分钟；所述挤出机是直径为50mm的双螺杆挤出机，其挤出温度为100至130℃，挤出速度为200至300转/分钟；所述冷却后包装的温度是50℃以下。
实施例：
实施例1和实施例2按照表1中所示各组分重量份数配制：
表1为本发明实施例各组分重量份数表
Figure BDA0000423392070000041
实施例1的制备：
将表1中所述除了高熔体强度聚丙烯以外原料按照各自重量份数配好后投入混合机混合均匀，其混合时间为5至10分钟，接着送入直径为50mm的双螺杆挤出机共混、过滤、挤出拉条，其挤出温度为100℃至130℃，挤出速度为200转/分钟，然后经过冷却水槽冷却，通过鼓风机干燥，再进入切粒机切成发泡母粒，最后冷却至50℃以下，再按照1：1的比例与高熔体强度聚丙烯混合均匀，最后包装，得到成品，如图1所示。
实施例2的制备：
将表1中所述除了高熔体强度聚丙烯以外原料按照各自重量份数配好后投入混合机混合均匀，其混合时间为5至10分钟，接着送入直径为50mm的双螺杆挤出机共混、过滤、挤出拉条，其挤出温度为100℃至130℃，挤出速度为200转/分钟，然后经过冷却水槽冷却，通过鼓风机干燥，再进入切粒机切成发泡母粒，最后冷却至50℃以下，再按照1：1的比例与高熔体强度聚丙烯混合均匀，最后包装，得到成品。
本发明实施例制备如下表2所示：
表2为发明实施例制备物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料的主要性能要求
Figure BDA0000423392070000051
采用本发明实施例得到的物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料，按照GB/T2564标准要求，在200℃温度下压片，测试性能如表3所示：
表3为采用本发明实施例得到的物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料的性能表
Figure BDA0000423392070000052
从表3可以看出，本发明实施例制备的物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料性能完全符合使用要求。
本发明实施例为进行说明的内容为现有技术，故不再进行赘述。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (4)

1.一种物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料，其特征在于，其主要成份和重量份数是：高熔体强度聚丙烯树脂50至60份，乙烯-辛烯共聚物树脂20至30份，乙烯-丁烯共聚物树脂20至30份，聚乙烯蜡5至8份，膨胀微球2至3份，流变剂0.1份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料，其特征在于，所述高熔体强度聚丙烯树脂为熔指为0.5～2.0/10min，密度为0.90g/cm3，熔体强度不小于20cN的高熔体强度聚丙烯树脂；
所述聚烯烃弹性体树脂为熔指为0.5～2.0g/10min，密度为0.87g/cm3的乙烯-辛烯共聚物树脂；
所述乙烯-丁烯共聚物树脂树脂为熔指为15～30g/10min，密度为0.885g/cm3的乙烯-丁烯共聚物树脂；
所述聚乙烯蜡为分子量为2000至3000，熔点为105至110℃的低分子聚乙烯蜡；
所述膨胀微球为粒径28至40微米，起始膨胀温度为135至150℃的未膨胀微球干粉；
所述流变剂为为四氟乙烯-偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物。
3.一种如权利要求1所述的物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料的制备方法，其特征在于，将除了高熔体强度聚丙烯以外原料按照各自重量份数配好计量后投入混合机混合均匀，接着在双螺杆挤出机中共混、挤出、过滤、拉条，再经水槽冷却，通过鼓风机干燥，进入切粒机切成发泡母粒，再按照1：1的比例与高熔体强度聚丙烯混合均匀，最后包装，得到成品。
4.根据权利要求3所述的物理发泡聚丙烯电缆料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述混合机的混合时间为5～10分钟；所述挤出机是直径为50mm的双螺杆挤出机，其挤出温度为100至130℃，挤出速度为200至300转/分钟；所述冷却后包装的温度是50℃以下。
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