CN103555844B - 一种检测甘蔗赤条病菌的荧光定量pcr试剂盒 - Google Patents
一种检测甘蔗赤条病菌的荧光定量pcr试剂盒 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种检测甘蔗赤条病菌的荧光定量PCR试剂盒,包括:(1)阳性标准品;(2)阴性对照;(3)PCR反应液;(4)ExTaq酶液;(5)探针溶液;(6)无菌水。本试剂盒对甘蔗赤条病菌的检测有高度的特异性,与其他植物病菌无交叉反应;检测的灵敏度达100拷贝,可直接用于甘蔗植株、脱毒种苗等样本的定量检测甘蔗赤条病菌;利用本发明试剂盒检测快速简单,准确性好,灵敏度高,检测结果可靠稳定。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种检测植物病菌的PCR试剂盒,具体涉及一种检测甘蔗赤条病菌的荧光定量PCR试剂盒,属微生物检测领域。
背景技术
甘蔗赤条病(Sugarcane red stripe disease)是一种普遍发生的细菌性病害,几乎在主要甘蔗种植国家均有发生,我国甘蔗赤条病在几个种植甘蔗的省(区)都有零星发生。甘蔗赤条病菌被认为是红条纹假单胞菌Pseudomonas rubrilineans (Lee et al.) Stapp引起,其形态特征为无芽孢,呈杆状,大小为0.7 × 1.6 μm,有单根极生鞭毛,有薄荚膜,革兰氏染色反应为阴性。1992年Willems等将红条纹假单胞菌重新命名为燕麦噬酸菌燕麦亚种(Acidovorax avenae subsp. Avenae)。Zia-ul-Hussnain等(2011)从巴基斯坦甘蔗赤条病株上分离得到了燕麦噬酸菌燕麦亚种病菌,并对该病菌的菌体形态、培养性状、生理生化反应作了研究。燕麦噬酸菌燕麦亚种病菌其寄主范围除甘蔗外,还有水稻、玉米、铺地黍等禾本科的一些植物。病害有叶条斑和顶腐两种类型。两者可以单独发生,亦可并发。在潮湿温暖的条件下容易发病,而且病叶的伤痕表面常有细菌溢泌物,借助雨水和气流传播。患病的枯老蔗叶、病茎中的病原菌经4个月后仍然有致病力。因此建立甘蔗赤条病菌的快速、准确、灵敏的检测技术,对该病的防治起到十分关键的作用。
常用的检测病菌的方法有生物学鉴定法、电镜技术、酶联免疫技术和分子生物学技术等。生物学鉴定法耗时、且步骤繁琐;电镜技术需要植物组织切片,步骤繁琐,且只能通过形态学观察判断;酶联免疫技术需要特异性的抗血清,且灵敏度不及分子检测技术;基于PCR原理的分子生物学技术是一种灵敏度高、特异性强的快速检测技术,在其它甘蔗病原物的检测已得到广泛应用。目前,检测甘蔗赤条病菌燕麦噬酸菌燕麦亚种的荧光定量PCR试剂盒及其方法未见报道。
本发明在分离获得甘蔗赤条病菌,克隆测序病菌基因组核糖体rDNA序列基础上,选择甘蔗赤条病菌16S-23S rDNA间隔区序列(ITS),设计用于荧光定量PCR检测的引物及探针,通过对反应体系的优化,研制用于检测甘蔗赤条病菌的荧光定量PCR试剂盒及方法,为我国甘蔗科研、检疫、质检等部门提供快速、灵敏、准确的病害检测试剂盒产品和技术服务。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种检测甘蔗赤条病菌的荧光定量PCR试剂盒,该试剂盒能快速准确的对待测样品的甘蔗赤条病菌进行定量检测。该试剂盒不仅可使用于目前市场上的所有类型荧光定量PCR仪,而且能够灵敏、特异的对甘蔗赤条病菌进行定量检测。
为了实现本发明的目的,本发明的技术方案如下:
本发明采用Taqman探针建立荧光定量PCR检测甘蔗赤条病菌试剂盒,通过制备病菌DNA标准样品与待测样品同时检测,得到待测样品的初始病菌拷贝数,对病菌进行定量检测。
本发明提供了一种利用荧光定量PCR方法检测甘蔗赤条病菌的引物对QPCR-F5、QPCR-R5和Taqman探针QPCR-P5,所述的引物对序列如下:
QPCR-F5:5’-TCATCCTCCACCAACCAATA-3’,
QPCR-R5:5’-TACCGGACCAACAACAAAGA-3’;
Taqman探针QPCR-P5的序列如下:
5’-FAM-CACCAAAGCGGCTTCGCAAG-TAMRA-3’。
本发明还提供一种检测甘蔗赤条病菌的荧光定量PCR试剂盒,其特征在于该试剂盒由下列试剂组成:
(1)阳性标准品:采用常规PCR扩增含有16S-23S rDNA间隔区的DNA作为标准样品,1×1010拷贝/μL,50 μL/瓶,-20℃冷冻保存;
(2)阴性对照:采用无甘蔗赤条病菌感染的甘蔗叶片组织,提取叶片总DNA为阴性对照,100 ng/μL,50 μL/瓶,-20 ℃冷冻保存备用;
(3)PCR反应液:每个反应包括5×PCR缓冲液5.0 μL、10 mmol dNTPs 0.5 μL、25 mmol MgCl2 2.0 μL以及浓度为10 μmol/L的引物对 QPCR-F5和QPCR-R5各2.0 μL,共11.5 μL,50个反应体系共计575 μL,-20 ℃保存备用;
(4)Ex Taq酶:每个反应体系包括5 U/μL Ex Taq酶0.5μL,50个反应体系共计25 μL,-20℃保存备用;
(5)探针溶液:Taqman探针QPCR-P5采用5’-FAM和3’-TAMRA修饰,合成后采用无菌水稀释,浓度为10 μmol/L,每个反应体系0.4 μL,50个反应体系共计20 μL,-20℃保存备用;
(6)无菌水:2×10 mL/瓶。
本发明的优点和有益效果主要体现在:本试剂盒对甘蔗赤条病菌的检测有高度的特异性,与其他甘蔗病菌无交叉反应;检测的灵敏度达100拷贝,可以在甘蔗田间样品和脱毒种苗等样本中检测甘蔗赤条病菌;利用本发明试剂盒检测操作简单快速,从样品病菌核酸提取至完成检测,耗时2~3小时。
附图说明
图1是甘蔗赤条病菌DNA标准品荧光定量PCR的动力学曲线。图中横坐标代表荧光定量PCR扩增循环数,纵坐标代表荧光信号强度,扩增曲线分别是DNA标准品1×108拷贝/μL、1×107拷贝/μL、1×106拷贝/μL、1×105拷贝/μL、1×104拷贝/μL、1×103拷贝/μL、1×102和1×101拷贝/μL。
图2是甘蔗赤条病菌DNA标准品荧光定量PCR的标准曲线。横坐标x代表标准品拷贝数的对数值,纵坐标y代表PCR扩增循环数;y= -3.2167x+39.785;R代表相关系数,决定系数R2=0.9998。
具体实施方式
为了进一步阐明本发明而不是限制本发明,以下结合实施例加以说明。下述实施例中所述实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法;所述试剂和生物材料如无特殊说明均可从商业途径获得。
实施例1 一种检测甘蔗赤条病菌的荧光定量PCR试剂盒,包括Taqman探针QPCR-P5和引物对QPCR-F5、QPCR-R5,其中Taqman探针QPCR-P5序列为5’- CACCAAAGCGGCTTCGCAAG -3’,探针的5’端和3’端分别采用荧光基团FAM和TAMRA进行修饰;引物对QPCR-F5和QPCR-R5序列为5’- TCATCCTCCACCAACCAATA -3’和5’- TACCGGACCAACAACAAAGA -3’;该试剂盒包括下列试剂:
(1)阳性标准品:以16S-F3(5’-ACTGCGTGAAGTCGGAATC-3’)和23S-R1(5’-TCGGAATCTCGGTTGATG-3’)为引物,利用常规PCR方法扩增获得甘蔗赤条病菌16S-23S rDNA间隔区序列(ITS)片段,PCR产物纯化后作为甘蔗赤条病菌DNA标准样品。用核酸蛋白分析仪测定PCR产物DNA浓度后,稀释为100 ng/μL,PCR产物片段大小为1070 bp,根据公式计算DNA标准样品的拷贝数为8.52×1010拷贝/μL,并稀释成标准样品1×1010拷贝/μL,50 μL/瓶,-20 ℃冷冻保存。
(2)阴性对照:采用无甘蔗赤条病菌感染的甘蔗叶片组织,提取叶片总DNA为阴性对照,用核酸蛋白分析仪测定提取的总DNA浓度,并稀释成浓度为100 ng/μL作为阴性样品,50 μL/瓶,-20 ℃冷冻保存备用。
(3)无菌水:2×10 mL/瓶。
(4)PCR反应液:每个反应包括5×PCR缓冲液5.0 μL、10 mmol dNTPs 0.5 μL、25 mmol MgCl2 2.0 μL以及浓度为10 μmol/L的引物对 QPCR-F5和QPCR-R5各2.0 μL,共11.5 μL,50个反应体系共计575 μL,-20 ℃保存备用;
(5)Ex Taq酶:每个反应体系包括5 U/μL Ex Taq酶0.5μL,50个反应体系共计25 μL,-20℃保存备用;
(6)探针溶液:Taqman探针QPCR-P5采用5’-FAM和3’-TAMRA修饰,合成后采用无菌水稀释,浓度为10 μmol/L,每个反应体系0.4 μL,50个反应体系共计20 μL,-20℃保存备用。
实施例2 甘蔗赤条病菌的荧光定量PCR试剂盒检测应用
1)标准品DNA稀释:将甘蔗赤条病菌DNA标准品用无菌水按10倍稀释成1×108~1×101拷贝/μL的一系列DNA标准品。
2)标准曲线方程建立
以此稀释后DNA标准品为模板,每个标准样品处理重复3次。并以无甘蔗赤条病菌感染的甘蔗叶片总DNA为阴性对照,以无菌水为空白对照。按上述试剂盒内组分,荧光定量PCR反应总体系为25 μL,包括PCR反应液11.5 μL,反应酶混合液0.5 μL,探针溶液0.4 μL,标准样品DNA 1.0 μL,无菌水补至25 μL;然后放于ABI公司7500定量PCR仪进行荧光定量PCR扩增。扩增程序为:95 ℃ 15 s,60 ℃ 1 min,40个循环,在60 ℃进行单点荧光检测。获得如图1所示的扩增曲线,然后绘制如图2所示的标准曲线,构建标准曲线方程。本实施例构建的标准曲线方程为Y=-3.2167x+39.785,决定系数R2为0.9998,扩增效率为104.58 %,满足荧光定量PCR正常的标准曲线要求。检测灵敏度可10拷贝/μL。将荧光定量PCR方法获得产物用常规电泳检测,只能检测到104 拷贝/μL,比常规的PCR检测灵敏度至少高100倍。
3)待测样品DNA提取:采用CTAB法提取几份待测甘蔗叶片DNA,在核酸蛋白分析仪上测定DNA的光吸收值,计算提取的DNA浓度,然后统一稀释成100 ng/μL。
4)荧光定量PCR扩增:以待测样品的RNA为模板,荧光定量PCR反应总体系和扩增程序同上述标准曲线方程建立。在ABI公司7500定量PCR仪进行荧光定量PCR扩增,获得待测样品的甘蔗赤条病菌标准品荧光定量PCR的动力学曲线。将待测样品的Ct值代入标准曲线方程转化成初始病菌分子拷贝数,即一个分子拷贝数代表一个甘蔗赤条病菌,从而定量分析甘蔗样品中感染甘蔗赤条病菌的数量,结果如表1所示。检测结果表明,具有典型甘蔗赤条病症状的福农38号、福农1110这2个田间样品证实感染了甘蔗赤条病菌,病菌含量达105拷贝/μL;没有甘蔗赤条病症状的新台糖25、德宏06-24这2个田间样品没有检测出甘蔗赤条病菌。为了进一步证实福农38号、福农1110感染的病菌是否为甘蔗赤条病菌,我们将荧光定量PCR产物进行克隆和测序,核苷酸序列提交http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/比对,结果证实是甘蔗赤条病菌,属于燕麦噬酸菌燕麦亚种(Acidovorax avenae subsp. Avenae)。本发明建立的检测甘蔗赤条病菌荧光定量PCR方法具有很好的重复性,同一样品的Ct值变异系数小于1 %。
利用本发明的Taqman探针荧光定量PCR试剂盒进行检测时,可以准确快速的得到样品的甘蔗赤条病菌初始拷贝数,可以应用于甘蔗田间样品检测、脱毒种苗质量监控和甘蔗抗性鉴定。
表1 待测样品Ct值及稳定性
SEQUENCE LISTING
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<110> 福建农林大学
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Claims (2)
1.一种检测甘蔗赤条病菌的荧光定量PCR试剂盒,包括Taqman探针QPCR-P5和引物对QPCR-F5、QPCR-R5,其中Taqman探针QPCR-P5序列为5’- CACCAAAGCGGCTTCGCAAG -3’,探针的5’端和3’端分别采用荧光基团FAM和TAMRA进行修饰;引物对QPCR-F5和QPCR-R5序列为5’- TCATCCTCCACCAACCAATA -3’和5’- TACCGGACCAACAACAAAGA -3’。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的检测甘蔗赤条病菌的荧光定量PCR试剂盒,其特征在于该试剂盒由下列试剂组成:
(1)阳性标准品:采用常规PCR扩增含有16S-23S rDNA间隔区的DNA作为标准样品,1×1010拷贝/μL,50 μL/瓶,-20℃冷冻保存;
(2)阴性对照:采用无甘蔗赤条病菌感染的甘蔗叶片组织,提取叶片总DNA为阴性对照,100 ng/μL,50 μL/瓶,-20 ℃冷冻保存备用;
(3)PCR反应液:每个反应包括5×PCR缓冲液5.0μL、10 mmol dNTPs 0.5 μL、25 mmol MgCl2 2.0 μL,以及浓度为10 μmol/L的QPCR-F5和QPCR-R5各2.0 μL,共11.5 μL,50个反应体系共计575 μL,-20 ℃保存备用;
(4)Ex Taq酶:每个反应体系包括5 U/μL Ex Taq酶0.5 μL,50个反应体系共计25 μL,-20℃保存备用;
(5)探针溶液: Taqman探针QPCR-P5,采用5’-FAM和3’-TAMRA修饰,合成后采用无菌水稀释,浓度为10 μmol/L,每个反应体系0.4 μL,50个反应体系共计20 μL,-20℃保存备用;
(6)无菌水:2×10 mL/瓶。
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