CN103549939A - Close-contact ultrasonic coupling adaptive device for photoacoustic/thermoacoustic mammary gland imaging detection, and detection method of adaptive device - Google Patents
Close-contact ultrasonic coupling adaptive device for photoacoustic/thermoacoustic mammary gland imaging detection, and detection method of adaptive device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a close-contact ultrasonic coupling adaptive device for photoacoustic/thermoacoustic mammary gland imaging detection, and belongs to the technical field of photoacoustic/thermoacoustic imaging. The adaptive device comprises a detection cup, a coupling liquid spray device and an air pressure regulating device, wherein a to-be-detected breast is placed in the detection cup with the shape and the size corresponding to the breast; the coupling liquid spray device is connected with the detection cup, and can spray ultrasonic coupling liquid between the to-be-detected breast and the detection cup; and the air pressure regulating device is connected with the detection cup by an air guide tube, and inhales or deflates between the to-be-detected breast and the detection cup. The adaptive device has the advantages that the adaptive device is good in matching degree, safe, comfortable, easy to replace, and high in automation degree.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optoacoustic/thermal acoustic imaging technical field, be specifically related to a kind of breast cancer device, particularly a kind of close contact formula ultrasonic coupling device and detection method thereof.The present invention can be assemblied in microwave thermal sound breast examination device and opto-acoustic imaging devices.
Background technology
Optoacoustic/the thermal acoustic imaging of pulse laser/microwave-excitation is the nearly a kind of novel Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement rising during the decade, because it has safety and nondestructive, and high-contrast, advantages such as high-resolution and high imaging depth and receive increasingly extensive concern.When certain material is subject to pulse laser/microwave exposure, material absorbing laser/microwave energy can cause moment temperature rise, if the pulsewidth of laser/microwave is enough narrow, can not within the pulse duration, there is thermal diffusion in the energy absorbing, now can regard adiabatic expansion as, heat energy will be converted into mechanical energy and radiate with hyperacoustic form, be optoacoustic/thermoacoustic effect.Known according to the equation of heat conduction and wave equation: the optoacoustic of generation/hot acoustical signal not only with excitaton source relating to parameters, also relevant with the electromagnetic absorption characteristic of material.When excitaton source is determined, ultrasonic signal is mainly derived from the absorption difference of material inside to laser/microwave.Actual for concrete application---breast tumor inspection, because the main component of normal breast to be measured is fat, and the microwave absorption coefficient of fat is less, the continuous growth of malignant tumor tissue, must be attended by more juicy, ion, blood capillary hypertrophy, these substance changes the electrolyte balance of inside tumor, caused electromagnetic strong absorption.Therefore tumor tissues and dielectric constant and the electrical conductivity difference of fatty tissue between main breast normal to be measured of take are larger, all 10 times of left and right.By electromagnetism, calculated and learnt, the microwave absorption of tumor tissues is than the large 6 times of left and right of normal breast to be measured.Equally due to the rapid amplification of cancerous cell, cause microvascularly sharply increasing, and hemoglobin in blood has strong absorption to the light of specific band.Therefore cause the light absorption difference that tumor tissues and fatty tissue are larger.These are just for breast carcinoma microwave thermoacoustic imaging and photoacoustic imaging provide theoretical basis and foundation.By optoacoustic/thermal acoustic imaging system, can provide human breast interior lights/microwave absorption differential image, accurately and intuitively reflect inside of human body situation, for scientific research provides abundant material and information.
The main difficulty that above-mentioned imaging system instrumentation faces has: research and development have high launching efficiency and high-resolution ultrashort pulse microwave source; Design high sensitivity ultrasound acquisition system and efficiently acoustical coupling device.The design mainly for be the ultrasonic coupling system of ultrasound acquisition system front end.Coupled system is mainly by the ultrasonic supersonic sounding acquisition system that is coupled to efficiently exciting, and reduces as far as possible the impact on excitaton source simultaneously.In reality detects, because the ultrasonic signal amplitude of laser/microwave-excitation is very little, conventionally in mv level and following, the efficient coupling of ultrasonic signal between different system seems particularly important like this, so in order to realize efficient coupling device, effectively way is to reduce laser/microwave loss and the ultrasound wave loss producing due to the coupling between the different parts of instrument internal as far as possible.
Microwave is as electromagnetic wave, and its propagation law meets as follows: Helmholtz fluctuation equation
Wherein E is electric field intensity, and electromagnetic wave propagation rule is exactly to study the dielectric constant u of medium in fact
0with pcrmeability ε
0the Changing Pattern of these two parameter times, space and frequencies.
Electromagnetic wave loss mainly comprises reflection loss and absorption loss.Absorption loss is decided by attenuation quotient, and its numerical value is directly proportional to the square root of conductivityσ and pcrmeability, is inversely proportional to the square root of dielectric constant, and reflection loss depends mainly on the natural impedance difference of transmission medium both sides, and the larger reflection of difference is larger.Natural impedance equals the square root of pcrmeability and dielectric constant ratio.The very little metallic conductor of dielectric constant, by the good reflector that is microwave, is unfavorable for penetrating of microwave, considers equally light loss, answers the material that selective light permeability is high.As transparent modified epoxy resin just all has good penetrance to light/microwave.
Pulse laser/microwave is organized transient absorption after coupling device, because thermoelastic effect produces ultrasonic.The ultrasonic echo signal as detection system, realizes ultrasonic Min. loss decay, is the key technology that optoacoustic/thermal acoustic imaging need to solve.Ultrasonic loss comprises reflection loss and absorption loss.Reflection loss depends mainly on the acoustic impedance Z of medium, when ultrasound wave is from acoustic impedance Z
1medium vertical incidence acoustic impedance Z
2medium, two kinds of different its sound intensity reflection coefficient of medium interface r of acoustic impedance Z are:
From above formula: the acoustic impedance Z difference on both sides, interface is larger, and reflection loss is larger, as sound intensity reflection coefficient on air-soft tissue interface reaches 0.99.And our medical ultrasonic probe takes to be close to skin conventionally, smear the method for ultrasonic coupling liquid and come air-out to realize the transitionality coupling of acoustic impedance, close with acoustic impedance and the skin of contact skin, with this, reduce ultrasonic loss.
Absorption loss depends mainly on the acoustic attenuation constant of material.Acoustic attenuation constant is relevant with propagated ultrasonic frequency, and the acoustic attenuation constant of different acoustic window materials has very large difference under different frequencies, and frequency is higher, and acoustic attenuation constant is larger.Conventional acoustic window material is mainly used in the sound absorber (polyurethane) of military submarine and the ultrasonic probe matching layer (silicone rubber, epoxy resin) that industry, medical treatment are used, and the former has good underwater sound entrant sound effect, but its material is flexible material.The latter can meet the demands in hardness, but ultrasonic dominant frequency 5MHz(being excited due to material is near 5MHz) ULTRASONIC ABSORPTION loss is excessive, can not meet our requirement.In conjunction with actual demand, there is Gao Guang/electromagnetic wave and penetrate efficiency and ultrasonic coupling efficiency, and to have the material of certain degree of hardness be the coupling material that is applicable to optoacoustic/thermal acoustic imaging.
In prior art, do not exist and be exclusively used in the ultrasonic coupling adaptive device that mammary gland optoacoustic/thermal acoustic imaging detects, and while detecting, laminating defective tightness, impact detects effect.
Summary of the invention
For the technical problem existing in prior art, the object of the invention is: a kind of human breast structure that adapts to is provided, can be effectively, close-coupled electromagnetic wave and hyperacoustic close contact formula ultrasonic coupling adaptive device and detection method thereof detecting for mammary gland optoacoustic/thermal acoustic imaging.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The close contact formula ultrasonic coupling adaptive device detecting for mammary gland optoacoustic/thermal acoustic imaging, comprises and detects cup, coupling liquid liquid-jet device and barometric control unit; Breast to be measured is placed in shape, size detection cup correspondingly; Coupling liquid liquid-jet device and detection cup join and spray into ultrasonic coupling liquid between breast to be measured and detection cups; Barometric control unit and detection cup join and air-breathing or venting between breast to be measured and detection cup.Adopt after this structure, detecting cup can the whole breast to be measured of fine laminating, breast to be measured is not yielding or displacement in testing process, simultaneously under the dual function of ultrasonic coupling liquid and negative pressure, realize the close contact that detects cup and breast to be measured, the hot acoustic pressure of breast tissue transmitting can penetrate preferably cup and be transferred to detector of sound through the couplant outside cup like this, has improved sound detection efficiency.
Adopt a detection cup support breast to be measured to carry out ultrasonic coupling; Described detection cup comprises cup and cup tail; Cup is and udder shape to be measured, the corresponding bowl structure of size that cup is fixedly connected with cup tail; Cup tail joins by airway with coupling liquid liquid-jet device or barometric control unit, and cup tail is that detachable-type sealed is connected with airway.Adopt after this structure, can make in advance the cup of different size (containing height and diameter), to adapt to different udder shapes, applied range; Cup tail adopts to be threaded to spin with airway and coordinates simultaneously, and it is convenient to change.Cup tail and cup tighten the bowl assembling structure of rear complete with screw, effect is to hold breast to be measured.
The material of cup and cup tail is modified epoxy.Adopt after this structure, the acoustic impedance of this material and tissue is more approaching, can obtain best detection effect.Wherein, a kind of commercially available polymeric material of modification, its attenuation quotient under the supersonic frequency of 5MHz is 3.64dB/cm, and hardness reaches Shao Shi 83D, and acoustic impedance is about 1.43 * 10
5/ (g/cm
2.s), this material is mainly used in ultrasonic probe now.Cup and cup tail adopt modified epoxy material, can reach best ultrasonic coupling effect.
Barometric control unit comprises: complete air pump air-breathing or venting action; Control the barostat of air pump action; Real-Time Monitoring detects atmospheric pressure value in cup, and testing result is transferred to the air pressure acquisition sensor of barostat.Adopt after this structure, can, effectively to detecting cup and breast evacuation to be measured, guarantee that it fits tightly.Barostat is a miniature processing system, can control air pump action according to setup parameter and air pressure acquisition sensor signal.Air pump effect is to carry out air-breathing or venting according to barostat instruction, realizes breast and fits tightly with detecting cup, there is no the air gap.
Coupling liquid liquid-jet device comprises device for atomizing liquid, liquid containing bottle and conduit; Device for atomizing liquid joins by conduit and liquid containing bottle, and ultrasonic coupling liquid is contained in liquid containing bottle.Adopt after this structure, can conveniently to detecting between cup and breast to be measured, spray ultrasonic coupling liquid, guarantee that it fits tightly.
Coupling liquid liquid-jet device and barometric control unit integrated setting; Air pump and device for atomizing liquid join and realize the action of venting hydrojet; Detect cup and connect after an airway, by changing the interface joining with the airway other end, join with coupling liquid liquid-jet device or barometric control unit, realize venting hydrojet or aspiratory action.Adopt after this structure, structure is simplified, easy to operate.Coupling liquid is medical supersonic coupling liquid, and its effect is to strengthen ultrasonic permeability, realizes tissue and mates with the acoustic impedance between modified epoxy, and contribute to squeeze away breast to be measured and detect the air between cup.
The close contact formula ultrasonic coupling adaptive device and the annular array checkout gear that for mammary gland optoacoustic/thermal acoustic imaging, detect are used in conjunction with; Annular array checkout gear comprises polynary annular array detector, pulse laser/microwave source, precision displacement platform and coupling slot; Polynary annular array detector rings is around the periphery of detecting cup, and by precision displacement platform upper and lower translation; Pulse laser/microwave source be positioned at detect cup under and towards detecting a cup emission pulse laser/microwave; In coupling slot, fill mineral oil, in the upper end of pulse laser/microwave source, polynary annular array detector and detection cup are immersed in.Adopt after this structure, breast tissue is connected with cup by ultrasonic coupling liquid, and cup has been isolated mineral oil and breast tissue simultaneously, has realized safety and sanitation, detects easily, can carry out precision to breast tissue and detects and locate.
The close contact formula ultrasonic coupling adaptive device detecting for mammary gland optoacoustic/thermal acoustic imaging also comprises a detection platform; Detect opening up being fixed in the installing port of offering in detection platform of cup.Adopt after this structure, human body only needs prostrate in detection platform, and breast is placed on and is detected in cup, and without doctor's manual scanning breast to be measured, testing result is reliable, and testing process human body sensory is comfortable.
The opening that detects cup arranges sealing ring, and when breast to be measured is placed in detection cup, sealing ring is close to breast to be measured and is detected cup.Adopt after this structure, further guarantee breast to be measured and detect fitting tightly of cup.
The detection method of the close contact formula ultrasonic coupling adaptive device detecting for mammary gland optoacoustic/thermal acoustic imaging, comprise the steps: by coupling liquid liquid-jet device, ultrasonic coupling liquid be sprayed on to breast to be measured and detect between cup, by barometric control unit, draw breast to be measured and detect the gas between cup again, under the effect of negative pressure and ultrasonic coupling liquid, the close contact of realizing breast to be measured and detection cup, finally scans by the annular array checkout gear being used in conjunction with.After adopting in this way, ultrasonic coupling liquid and negative pressure dual function, guarantee breast and detect fitting tightly of cup; Detect cup simultaneously and can guarantee that breast is indeformable in testing process, be not shifted, can not affect detection effect.
Generally speaking, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) in apparatus of the present invention, material therefor avirulence, and be applicable to optoacoustic, two kinds of breast imaging devices of thermal acoustic imaging simultaneously, be a kind of safe multipurpose checkout gear.
(2) the present invention considers individual variation and actual detection of udder shape and udder size, adopts the solid coupled modes of body cup-shaped, in testing process, breast can not be out of shape and be shifted, and has overcome the problem that fluid coupling is easy to deformation and displacement.By the coupling cup of solid shape, easily realize shape and the size organized to be measured and fix, facilitated the precise positioning detecting, there is novelty and the suitability widely.
(3) in the present invention, cup adopts special material, to light/microwave with ultrasonicly have a high permeability, by coupling liquid nebulizer and pneumatic shuttle, reaches combining closely of breast and cup.Tool novelty and high coupling efficiency.
(4) by barostat, regulate cup internal gas pressure, person to be measured can detect in a kind of pleasant mode; Breast to be measured is stressed less in detecting cup, and constriction is not obvious; When breast is taken out, only need venting to remove vacuum state, whole testing process is felt without discomfort.
(5) apparatus of the present invention system bulk is little, lightweight, working stability, and continuous operating time is long, easy to use, and cost is low, and energy-output ratio is little; For the clinical practice that realizes optoacoustic/thermal acoustic imaging technology, there is huge impetus.
(6) testing process automaticity is high.
(7) the present invention has realized the good sound transmission by ultrasonic coupling adaptive device, will organize and mineral oil isolation simultaneously, has ensured the safety and sanitation of testing process.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the position view of the present invention in optoacoustic/hot sound detection system.
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged drawing that the present invention detects cup.
Fig. 3 is overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Wherein, the 1st, shell, the 2nd, detect cup, the 3rd, polynary annular array detector, the 4th, coupling slot, the 5th, airway, the 6th, barometric control unit and coupling liquid liquid-jet device, the 7th, pulse laser/microwave source, the 8th, precision displacement platform, the 9th, detection platform, the 10th, Data Control bus, the 11st, acquisition control system, the 12nd, real-time display screen, the 13rd, human body, the 14th, breast to be measured, the 15th, sealing ring, the 16th, air pump, the 17th, barostat, the 18th, air pressure acquisition sensor, the 19th, interface.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described in detail.
The close contact formula ultrasonic coupling adaptive device detecting for mammary gland optoacoustic/thermal acoustic imaging, comprises and detects cup, coupling liquid liquid-jet device, barometric control unit and detection platform.
Detect cup and comprise cup and a cup tail, cup be and the corresponding bowl structure of udder shape, is fixedly connected with by screw with cup tail, and thread segment is set the tail end of cup tail so that replacing.In order better to mate the breast to be measured of different sizes, should design the cup of different size, it at least comprises and is not limited only to following several: 1, opening diameter 120mm, length 80mm; 2, opening diameter 100mm, length 60mm; 3, opening diameter 80mm, length 40mm.During use, according to breast size to be measured, select the detection cup of different model, screw and can use.The material that detects cup is modified epoxy, and thickness is 1mm.The opening that detects cup arranges sealing ring, when breast to be measured is placed in detection cup, sealing ring is close to breast to be measured and is detected cup, the material of sealing ring is rubber, diameter is slightly less than the opening diameter (cup size is different and different with detecting) that detects cup, there is 0.5mm fillet, during use, should fill medical supersonic coupling liquid to keep excellent sealing effect.
Barometric control unit comprises: complete air pump air-breathing or venting action; Control the barostat of air pump action; Real-Time Monitoring detects atmospheric pressure value in cup, and testing result is transferred to the air pressure acquisition sensor of barostat.Coupling liquid liquid-jet device comprises device for atomizing liquid, liquid containing bottle and conduit; Device for atomizing liquid joins by conduit and liquid containing bottle, and ultrasonic coupling liquid is contained in liquid containing bottle.Coupling liquid liquid-jet device and barometric control unit integrated setting; Air pump and device for atomizing liquid join and realize the action of venting hydrojet.After the cup tail of detection cup and airway screw thread spin, by changing the interface joining with the airway other end, join with coupling liquid liquid-jet device or barometric control unit, realization venting hydrojet or aspiratory action.
In detection platform, offer installing port, detect that cup is fixed in installing port and opening up.
The close contact formula ultrasonic coupling adaptive device and the annular array checkout gear that for mammary gland optoacoustic/thermal acoustic imaging, detect are used in conjunction with.Annular array checkout gear comprises polynary annular array detector, pulse laser/microwave source, precision displacement platform and coupling slot.Polynary annular array detector rings is around the periphery of detecting cup, and the scanning to breast to be measured by the realization of precision displacement platform upper and lower translation; Pulse laser/microwave source be positioned at detect cup under and to detecting a cup direction, send pulse microwave; In the coupling slot that shell surrounds, fill mineral oil, in the upper end of pulse laser/microwave source (being the position of transmitted pulse microwave), polynary annular array detector and detection cup are immersed in.
After barometric control unit and coupling liquid liquid-jet device integrated setting, by Data Control bus and acquisition control system, join, scanning result shows through real-time display screen.
During use, the detection cup that installation dimension is suitable, human body is prostrate in detection platform, and breast is placed on and detects in cup.Press switch key, by knob, extraction gas speed is set, and set air-breathing atmospheric pressure value.First by the venting jet mode of barostat, by air pump and device for atomizing liquid, ultrasonic coupling liquid is evenly sprayed on breast to be measured, then utilize air-breathing mode to extract the gas detecting in cup, under the combined effect of negative pressure and ultrasonic coupling liquid, realize the close contact of breast and cup, reach the object that there is no the air gap, effect is to see through to greatest extent laser/microwave and ultrasound.Next can carry out next step detection.Pulse laser/microwave source (laser/microwave generator) sends after pulse microwave, by mineral oil, detection cup and ultrasonic coupling liquid, irradiation to breast to be measured, because thermoacoustic effect inspires ultrasound wave, instant heating acoustical signal, ultrasonic signal spreads out of from organization internal, through ultrasonic coupling liquid, detection cup and mineral oil, after being received by polynary annular array detector, through Back end data, process, reconstruct hot acoustic image, reflection pathological information.
Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be equivalent substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the close contact formula ultrasonic coupling adaptive device detecting for mammary gland optoacoustic/thermal acoustic imaging, is characterized in that: comprise and detect cup, coupling liquid liquid-jet device and barometric control unit; Breast to be measured is placed in shape, size detection cup correspondingly; Coupling liquid liquid-jet device and detection cup join and spray into ultrasonic coupling liquid between breast to be measured and detection cups; Barometric control unit and detection cup join and air-breathing or venting between breast to be measured and detection cup.
2. according to the close contact formula ultrasonic coupling adaptive device detecting for mammary gland optoacoustic/thermal acoustic imaging claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopt a detection cup support breast to be measured to carry out ultrasonic coupling; Described detection cup comprises cup and cup tail; Cup is and udder shape to be measured, the corresponding bowl structure of size that cup is fixedly connected with cup tail; Cup tail joins by airway with coupling liquid liquid-jet device or barometric control unit, and cup tail is that detachable-type sealed is connected with airway.
3. according to the close contact formula ultrasonic coupling adaptive device detecting for mammary gland optoacoustic/thermal acoustic imaging claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the material of described cup and cup tail is modified epoxy.
4. according to the close contact formula ultrasonic coupling adaptive device detecting for mammary gland optoacoustic/thermal acoustic imaging claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described barometric control unit comprises:
-complete the air pump of air-breathing or venting action,
The barostat of-control air pump action,
-Real-Time Monitoring detects atmospheric pressure value in cup, and testing result is transferred to the air pressure acquisition sensor of barostat.
5. according to the close contact formula ultrasonic coupling adaptive device detecting for mammary gland optoacoustic/thermal acoustic imaging claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described coupling liquid liquid-jet device comprises device for atomizing liquid, liquid containing bottle and conduit; Device for atomizing liquid joins by conduit and liquid containing bottle, and ultrasonic coupling liquid is contained in liquid containing bottle.
6. according to the close contact formula ultrasonic coupling adaptive device detecting for mammary gland optoacoustic/thermal acoustic imaging claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described coupling liquid liquid-jet device and barometric control unit integrated setting; Air pump and device for atomizing liquid join and realize the action of venting hydrojet; Detect cup and connect after an airway, by changing the interface joining with the airway other end, join with coupling liquid liquid-jet device or barometric control unit, realize venting hydrojet or aspiratory action.
7. according to the close contact formula ultrasonic coupling adaptive device detecting for mammary gland optoacoustic/thermal acoustic imaging claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: it and annular array checkout gear are used in conjunction with; Annular array checkout gear comprises polynary annular array detector, pulse laser/microwave source, precision displacement platform and coupling slot; Polynary annular array detector rings is around the periphery of detecting cup, and by precision displacement platform upper and lower translation; Pulse laser/microwave source be positioned at detect cup under and towards detecting a cup emission pulse laser/microwave; In coupling slot, fill mineral oil, polynary annular array detector and detecting in cup is immersed in, pulse laser/microwave source Emission Lasers/microwave upwards below coupling slot, laser/microwave penetration mineral oil uniform irradiation is on breast to be measured.
8. according to the close contact formula ultrasonic coupling adaptive device detecting for mammary gland optoacoustic/thermal acoustic imaging claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: it also comprises a detection platform; Detect opening up being fixed in the installing port of offering in detection platform of cup.
9. according to the close contact formula ultrasonic coupling adaptive device detecting for mammary gland optoacoustic/thermal acoustic imaging claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described opening that detects cup arranges sealing ring, when breast to be measured is placed in detection cup, sealing ring is close to breast to be measured and is detected cup.
10. according to the detection method of the close contact formula ultrasonic coupling adaptive device detecting for mammary gland optoacoustic/thermal acoustic imaging described in any one in claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps: by coupling liquid liquid-jet device, ultrasonic coupling liquid be sprayed on to breast to be measured and detect between cup, by barometric control unit, draw breast to be measured and detect the gas between cup again, under the effect of negative pressure and ultrasonic coupling liquid, the close contact of realizing breast to be measured and detection cup, finally scans by the annular array checkout gear being used in conjunction with.
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| CN117357072A (en) * | 2023-12-07 | 2024-01-09 | 中国科学技术大学苏州高等研究院 | Breast cancer detection device based on diamond quantum sensor |
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