CN102499713B - Cup type microwave thermoacoustic mammary gland imaging detection device - Google Patents
Cup type microwave thermoacoustic mammary gland imaging detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102499713B CN102499713B CN 201110325301 CN201110325301A CN102499713B CN 102499713 B CN102499713 B CN 102499713B CN 201110325301 CN201110325301 CN 201110325301 CN 201110325301 A CN201110325301 A CN 201110325301A CN 102499713 B CN102499713 B CN 102499713B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermoacoustic imaging, and discloses a 'cup' type microwave thermoacoustic mammary gland imaging detection device. The detection device consists of a pulse microwave generator, a transmitting antenna, a 'cup' detection device, a detection coupling platform, an ultrasonic transducer, microwave leakage-proof equipment and a data acquisition-image reconstruction device, wherein the 'cup' detection device is an uncovered closed container which consists of a metal 'cup' shell and a non-metal body bottom plate; a microwave absorbing material is covered on the integral cross section of the 'cup' detection device and is recessed inward to form a shape which is matched with shapes of human breasts; a polystyrene buffer cushion is covered on the microwave absorbing material seamlessly, and a hole is reserved in the center of the polystyrene buffer cushion; a detector lifting power device is arranged at the bottom of the closed container; and a detector lifting sliding groove is formed above the power device; and a multielement annular array ultrasound detector is arranged on the sliding groove. The resolution ratio of the detection device is 0.5 millimeter, so the detection device can discriminate millimeter-order microscopic tumors; and the image contrast is high, so the detection device can be popularized clinically.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the thermal acoustic imaging technical field, be specifically related to a kind of device that detects mammary gland, particularly a kind of " body cup " type microwave thermal sound mammary gland noninvasive imaging checkout gear.
Background technology
Microwave thermoacoustic imaging is a kind of novel Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement, because it has high-contrast and high-resolution, and safety and nondestructive, imaging depth advantages of higher and being paid close attention to more and more.During with certain material of pulse microwave irradiation, this material absorbing microwave energy can cause the moment temperature rise, if the Pulse width comparision of microwave is narrow, thermal diffusion can not occur in the persistent period at microwave pulse in the energy that absorbs, can regard adiabatic expansion this moment as, heat energy is converted into mechanical energy and radiate with the ultrasound wave form, is thermoacoustic effect.
According to the equation of heat conduction and wave equation as can be known: the generation of hot acoustical signal is not only relevant with excitaton source, and is also relevant with the electromaganic wave absorbing property of material.The main component of normal galactophore tissue is fat, and the microwave absorption coefficient of fat absorption is less, and the continuous growth of malignant tumor tissue must be attended by more juicy, ion, blood capillary hypertrophy, these substance changes the electrolyte balance of inside tumor, caused the strong absorption of microwave.So tumor tissues and larger take fatty tissue as dielectric constant and electrical conductivity attribute difference between main normal galactophore tissue, all 10 times of left and right, calculated by electrodynamics and learn, the microwave absorption of tumor tissues is than the large 6 times of left and right of normal galactophore tissue, and this just provides basis and foundation on high principle of contrast for the breast carcinoma imaging.Therefore, utilize microwave thermoacoustic imaging to check that breast carcinoma receives increasing concern, but also do not develop so far a kind of safe, comfortable, the device of instrumentation.Complete microwave thermal sound detection instrument should comprise following components: the pulse microwave generator, detect the coupling platform, ultrasonic transducer, microwave leakproof equipment, data acquisition-equipment for reconstructing image etc.
Acting as of ultrasonic transducer receives ultrasound wave and converts electrical signal conduction to data acquisition-equipment for reconstructing image.Ultrasonic transducer mainly divides with unit transducer and the large class of multielement transducer two.The unit transducer need to utilize all acquired signal of rotation one of machinery could rebuild the complete image of a frame, therefore need the more time of cost, if when being applied to detect breast carcinoma, be examined the relative detector moving of breast, can cause image blurring, influence time resolution, the ultrasonic transducer of therefore seeking the energy fast detecting is the task of top priority.Decay in air due to ultrasound wave greatly, therefore at sound producing body to being coated with ultrasonic coupling liquid between transducer, ultrasonic coupling liquid is generally deionized water or mineral oil, for the coupling efficiency and the accuracy that improve conduction, coupling liquid will be soaked sound producing body.Detect the coupling platform and will make " body cup " type, be suitable for the human breast shape.For fear of microwave from leakage to human body and on every side instrument cause damage, whole hot sound generating process all should carry out in totally enclosed microwave leakproof equipment.This shows, manufacture and design a kind of novel, safety, efficiently, comfortable hot sound breast cancer detection device is necessary.
Summary of the invention
Shortcoming and deficiency in order to overcome prior art the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of safe, high-resolution; " body cup " type microwave thermal sound breast imaging checkout gear high-contrast, that adapt to the human breast structure.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of " body cup " type microwave thermal sound breast imaging checkout gear comprises pulse microwave generator, transmitting antenna, " body cup " checkout gear, is used for carrying person's to be measured detection coupling platform, ultrasonic transducer, microwave leakproof equipment and data acquisition-equipment for reconstructing image; Pulse microwave generator, transmitting antenna, " body cup " checkout gear and ultrasonic transducer are positioned at microwave leakproof equipment; Be connected with " body cup " checkout gear for the detection coupling platform that carries person to be measured; Pulse microwave generator, transmitting antenna, " body cup " checkout gear are connected equipment for reconstructing image and are connected successively with data acquisition; Ultrasonic transducer is built in " body cup " checkout gear;
The operation principle of this breast cancer device is: the pulse microwave generator sends pulse microwave, on breast to be measured through the uniform irradiation of transmitting antenna in " body cup " checkout gear, breast microwave energy absorbing to be measured causes the moment temperature rise, this moment, the Pulse width comparision of microwave was narrow, thermal diffusion can not occur in the persistent period at microwave pulse in the energy that absorbs, can regard adiabatic expansion this moment as, produces thermoacoustic effect, and namely heat energy is converted into mechanical energy and radiate with the ultrasound wave form.This hot reflected acoustic signal the information of microwave absorption difference in the breast, in annular detector, each passage receives the hot acoustical signal of same plane diverse location, all the hot acoustical signal of passages converts electrical signal conduction in computer, through the reducible image that goes out complete reflection breast microwave absorption difference of filtering Inverse Projection.
Described transmitting antenna is the high power helical antenna, and the radius of spin is 10-20cm, and length is 15-25cm, and dominant frequency range is 100MHz-1GHz;
Described ultrasonic transducer is polynary annular array ultrasonic detector, is built in " body cup " checkout gear; At work, polynary annular array ultrasonic transducer does not need to rotate in the horizontal direction, but lifting in the vertical direction;
Described microwave leakproof equipment mainly plays the micro-wave screening effect, prevents microwave from leakage to space outerpace, avoids external environment condition or external instrument are caused interference.Its outward appearance is for covering on the thick ferrum case of 5mm of pulse microwave generator, transmitting antenna, " body cup " checkout gear, ultrasonic transducer outside, the hole of placement " body cup " checkout gear is left in the upper end, remainder is totally-enclosed, answers grounding, and inwall is close to microwave absorbing material.Kelvin effect can occur after running into metal in microwave, namely only there is microwave to exist at metal surface, its skin depth is in micron dimension, overwhelming majority microwave reflects, in reflection process, microwave one is had a try twice through microwave absorbing material, and most energy are absorbed, thereby can not come back reflective at microwave leakproof device interior.
Its structure of described " body cup " checkout gear is: metal " body cup " shell and non-metallic body base plate form a uncovered hermetic container; Microwave absorbing material is positioned at the internal tank upper end, and the whole cross section that it has covered " body cup " checkout gear only stays a hole at the center, and microwave absorbing material inwardly concaves and forms the shape that is complementary with human breast, and its edge is fixed on chamber wall; The polystyrene cushion pad seamlessly covers above microwave absorbing material, and its shape and microwave absorbing material are complementary, and boxes out equally in the center; Fill mineral oil with the coupling ultrasonic signal in hermetic container bottom, simultaneously, the hermetic container bottom is equipped with the detector lifting power plant, and the detector lifting power plant is by computer software control; Be carved with detector lifting sliding tray on the container inner wall above the detector lifting power plant, more than one yuan of annular array ultrasonic detector is installed on sliding tray, this detector is controlled by the detector lifting power plant, can slide up and down on sliding tray;
The material of described non-metallic body base plate is preferably hard ABS resin (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer), can see through microwave, and crushing resistance is good;
Described microwave absorbing material is a kind of mode of resonance arrowband frequency band suction ripple sponge (this material can be commercial), can rely on the characteristic of material itself, the absorbing high-frequency energy, its outward appearance is light blue or Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt thin layer flex foam sheet, can be crooked, the purpose of doing circlewise is only to allow microwave to pass through from the centre, and irradiation arrives breast to be measured, and does not allow its irradiation around breast.Interstitial hole is made a series of sizes, can change the microwave exposure area, be applicable to the breast of different sizes;
Described polystyrene (ps) cushion pad can conduct microwave and ultrasound effectively, and can be out of shape along with extruding, can and breast to be measured seamlessly stick together and there is no constriction;
Described data acquisition-equipment for reconstructing image is used for the hot acoustical signal that ultrasonic transducer detects is carried out image reconstruction, obtain reflecting the hot acoustic image of detected material microwave absorption, it is comprised of preamplifier, data collecting card, data processing card, image reconstruction software and computer.Ultrasonic transducer receives hot acoustical signal and is converted into the signal of telecommunication.Whole passages of this signal of telecommunication amplify through preamplifier, then by data collecting card and data processing card input computer and storage.Utilize filtered back projection's program of malab software programming the data reconstruction that collects to be gone out to reflect the image of breast microwave absorption difference.
A kind of microwave thermal sound breast imaging detection method based on said apparatus comprises the following steps:
(1) human body is prostrate is coated with " body cup " checkout gear on one deck coupling liquid back cover in detecting on the coupling platform with breast to be measured, gently extruded polystyrene (ps) material cushion pad to the cup without air;
(2) the unbalanced pulse microwave generator produces the ultrashort pulse microwave, is transferred in " body cup " checkout gear through microwave antenna, utilizes thermoacoustic effect to excite the generation ultrasonic signal; Ultrasonic signal is transferred on ultrasonic transducer through coupling liquid, is converted to the signal of telecommunication and imports data acquisition-equipment for reconstructing image on ultrasonic transducer;
As the need 3-D view, regulate ultrasonic detector lifting sliding tray, repeat above-mentioned steps;
The pulse width of the described ultrashort pulse microwave of step (2) is less than 1000ns.
The present invention has following advantage and effect with respect to prior art:
(1) in apparatus of the present invention, microwave conducts in " body cup " checkout gear, and an irradiation can not be leaked to space outerpace to detected part, can not cause interference to external environment condition or external instrument.
(2) microwave transmission has directivity, by progressively strengthening the microwave exposure energy, gets final product until detect ultrasonic signal, effectively avoids detected breast tissue is produced the hot injury.
(3) detect the coupling platform by adjusting, person to be measured can detect in a kind of pleasant mode; Breast to be measured is stressed less in " body cup " checkout gear, there is no constriction; Detection time is shorter, has improved greatly temporal resolution.
(4) apparatus of the present invention are considered the individual variation of udder size, shape, have the suitability widely.
(5) this device user tropism preferably antenna as energy feed-in source, do not need magnetron to carry out electric energy to the microwave transformation of energy, can guarantee that in whole body cup structure, microwave energy is more even, the zone that does not exist the low district of energy and energy to concentrate, device structure is simple and easy, working stability.
(6) apparatus of the present invention system bulk is little, and is lightweight, working stability, and continuous operating time is long, and is easy to use, and cost is low, and energy-output ratio is little; For clinicalization that realizes thermo-acoustic technology, huge impetus is arranged.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the composition schematic diagram of the present invention's a kind of " body cup " type microwave thermal sound breast imaging checkout gear; Wherein: 1-1 pulse microwave generator, 1-2 high power helical antenna, 1-3 " body cup " checkout gear, 1-4 detect coupling platform, 1-5 microwave leakproof equipment, 1-6 data acquisition-equipment for reconstructing image.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of " body cup " checkout gear, and a is configuration figure, and b is longitudinal sectional view; Wherein: 2-1 polystyrene (ps) cushion pad, 2-2 detector lifting sliding tray, the many first annular array ultrasonic detectors of 2-3, the 2-4 mineral oil, 2-5 detector lifting power plant, 2-6 metal " body cup " shell, 2-7 is the non-metallic body base plate, and 2-8 is microwave absorbing material.
Fig. 3 is the near-field pattern of transmitting antenna in " body cup " type microwave thermal sound breast imaging checkout gear.
Fig. 4 is the transmitting procedure schematic diagram of microwave in " body cup " type microwave thermal sound breast imaging checkout gear, and wherein: 4-1 is the outer insulating gas of transmitting antenna, and 4-2 is breast to be measured.
Fig. 5 is the transmitting procedure schematic diagram of hot acoustical signal in " body cup " type microwave thermal sound breast imaging checkout gear.
Fig. 6 utilizes " body cup " type microwave thermal sound breast imaging checkout gear to the breast tissue microwave thermoacoustic imaging figure of simulation, wherein 6-1 is low water content material (simulation NBT) border, and 6-2 is high-moisture material (simulation tumor tissues) border.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of " body cup " type microwave thermal sound breast imaging checkout gear, as shown in Figure 1, comprise pulse microwave generator 1-1, high power helical antenna 1-2, " body cup " checkout gear 1-3, detection coupling platform 1-4, polynary annular array ultrasonic detector 2-3, microwave leakproof equipment 1-5 and data acquisition-equipment for reconstructing image 1-6; Pulse microwave generator 1-1, high power helical antenna 1-2, " body cup " checkout gear 1-3, detection coupling platform 1-4, polynary annular array ultrasonic detector 2-3 and data acquisition-equipment for reconstructing image 1-6 are positioned at microwave leakproof equipment 1-5, to prevent microwave leakage; Detect coupling platform 1-4 and be used for carrying person to be measured; Pulse microwave generator 1-1, high power helical antenna 1-2, " body cup " checkout gear 1-3 are connected equipment for reconstructing image 1-6 and are connected successively with data acquisition; Polynary annular array ultrasonic detector 2-3 is built in " body cup " checkout gear 1-3;
The radius of spin of described high power helical antenna 1-2 is 10-20cm, and length is 15-25cm, and dominant frequency range is 100MHz-1GHz;
Described microwave leakproof equipment 1-5 mainly plays the micro-wave screening effect, prevents microwave from leakage to space outerpace, avoids external environment condition or external instrument are caused interference.Its outward appearance is for covering on the thick ferrum case of 5mm of pulse microwave generator 1-1, high power helical antenna 1-2, " body cup " checkout gear 1-3, polynary annular array ultrasonic detector 2-3 outside, the hole of placement " body cup " checkout gear 1-3 is left in the upper end, remainder is totally-enclosed, answer grounding, inwall is close to microwave absorbing material 2-8.
" body cup " checkout gear 1-3 wherein, as shown in Figure 2, its structure is: metal " body cup " shell 2-6 and non-metallic body base plate 2-7 form a uncovered hermetic container; Microwave absorbing material 2-8 is positioned at the internal tank upper end, and the whole cross section that it has covered " body cup " checkout gear 1-3 only stays a hole at the center, and microwave absorbing material 2-8 inwardly concaves and forms the shape that is complementary with human breast, and its edge is fixed on chamber wall; Polystyrene cushion pad 2-1 seamlessly covers above microwave absorbing material 2-8, and its shape and microwave absorbing material 2-8 are complementary, and boxes out equally in the center; Fill mineral oil 2-4 with the coupling ultrasonic signal in hermetic container bottom, simultaneously, the hermetic container bottom is equipped with detector lifting power plant 2-5, and detector lifting power plant 2-5 is by computer software control; Be carved with detector lifting sliding tray 2-2 on the container inner wall above detector lifting power plant 2-5, more than one yuan of annular array ultrasonic detector 2-3 of the upper installation of sliding tray 2-2, this detector 2-3 is controlled by detector lifting power plant 2-5, can slide up and down on sliding tray 2-2.
Described microwave absorbing material 2-8 is a kind of mode of resonance arrowband frequency band suction ripple sponge, can rely on the characteristic of material itself, the absorbing high-frequency energy, and its outward appearance is light blue or Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt thin layer flex foam sheet, can be crooked.This material can be commercial.
Described non-metallic body base plate 2-7 is made by hard ABS resin (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer), can see through microwave, and crushing resistance is good.
Its near-field pattern of high power helical antenna 1-2 wherein as shown in Figure 3, the directivity of this antenna is fine, in the time of making microwave radiation arrive breast, enough power is arranged, and has improved simultaneously uniformity.
The operation principle of above-mentioned " body cup " type microwave thermal sound breast imaging checkout gear comprises two stages:
1, microwave transmission
As shown in Figure 4, microwave is sent by pulse microwave generator 1-1, insulating gas 4-1 outside high power helical antenna 1-2, transmitting antenna, non-metallic body base plate 2-7, mineral oil 2-4 and polystyrene (ps) cushion pad 2-1 irradiation are to breast 4-2 to be measured successively, after microwave arrives breast 4-2 to be measured, thermoacoustic effect occurs, and produces the signal ultrasound wave.
2, hot acoustical signal transmission
As shown in Figure 5, the ultrasound wave that breast 4-2 to be measured produces is absorbed by polynary annular array ultrasonic detector 2-3 after passing through successively polystyrene (ps) cushion pad 2-1 and mineral oil 2-4, detector 2-3 converts hot acoustical signal to electrical signal conduction in computer, through the reducible image that goes out complete reflection breast microwave absorption difference of filtering Inverse Projection.
Embodiment 2
The device of employing embodiment 1 is realized the thermal acoustic imaging of object under test, comprises the following steps:
(1) fat of using pig contains 90% (mass fraction) water as low water content material (simulate breast tissue) with mass fraction, and the gelatin piece of 10% (mass fraction) kerosene is as high-moisture material (simulation tumor).Make udder shape, low water content material maximum gauge 50mm, high-moisture material maximum gauge 5mm is fixed in polystyrene (ps) cushion pad 2-1 top.
(2) pulse microwave generator 1-1 sends the microwave of 500ns short pulse width, through high power helical antenna 4-1 equably irradiation to sample below.Antenna end and sample below distance be 15cm, excite the hot acoustical signal of generation.
(3) hot acoustical signal is received by polynary annular array detector 2-3, imports data acquisition and reconstructing device 1-6 into after being converted to the signal of telecommunication, utilizes filter back-projection algorithm to reconstruct the thermal acoustic imaging figure of sample, as shown in Figure 6.
As seen from Figure 6,6-2 arrow indication is the border of simulation tumor tissues, and 6-1 arrow indication is simulation NBT; Utilize device of the present invention, can distinguish NBT and tumor tissues, thereby realize the detection to mammary gland.The thermal acoustic imaging resolution of checkout gear of the present invention reaches 0.5mm, is enough to the small tumor of discrimination millimeter magnitude; Picture contrast is very high, can be in clinical middle popularization.
Above-described embodiment is the better embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a body cup type microwave thermal sound breast imaging checkout gear, is characterized in that: comprise pulse microwave generator, transmitting antenna, " body cup " checkout gear, be used for carrying person's to be measured detection coupling platform, ultrasonic transducer, microwave leakproof equipment and data acquisition-equipment for reconstructing image; Pulse microwave generator, transmitting antenna, " body cup " checkout gear, detection coupling platform, ultrasonic transducer and data acquisition-equipment for reconstructing image are positioned at microwave leakproof equipment; Be connected with " body cup " checkout gear for the detection coupling platform that carries person to be measured; Pulse microwave generator, transmitting antenna, " body cup " checkout gear are connected equipment for reconstructing image and are connected successively with data acquisition; Ultrasonic transducer is built in " body cup " checkout gear;
Its structure of described " body cup " checkout gear is: metal " body cup " shell and non-metallic body base plate form a uncovered hermetic container; Microwave absorbing material is positioned at the internal tank upper end, and the whole cross section that it has covered " body cup " checkout gear only stays a hole at the center, and microwave absorbing material inwardly concaves and forms the shape that is complementary with human breast, and its edge is fixed on chamber wall; The polystyrene cushion pad seamlessly covers above microwave absorbing material, and its shape and microwave absorbing material are complementary, and boxes out equally in the center; Fill mineral oil in hermetic container bottom, simultaneously, the hermetic container bottom is equipped with the detector lifting power plant; Be carved with detector lifting sliding tray on the container inner wall above the detector lifting power plant, described ultrasonic transducer is installed on sliding tray.
2. body cup type microwave thermal sound breast imaging checkout gear according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described transmitting antenna is the high power helical antenna, and the radius of spin is 10-20cm, and length is 15-25cm, and dominant frequency range is 100MHz-1GHz.
3, body cup type microwave thermal sound breast imaging checkout gear according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described data acquisition-equipment for reconstructing image is comprised of preamplifier, data collecting card, data processing card, image reconstruction software and computer; Ultrasonic transducer receives hot acoustical signal and is converted into the signal of telecommunication; Whole passages of this signal of telecommunication amplify through preamplifier, then by data collecting card and data processing card input computer and storage; Utilize filtered back projection's program of matlab software programming the data reconstruction that collects to be gone out to reflect the image of breast microwave absorption difference.
4, body cup type microwave thermal sound breast imaging checkout gear according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described ultrasonic transducer is polynary annular array ultrasonic detector.
5, body cup type microwave thermal sound breast imaging checkout gear according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described microwave leakproof equipment is hollow ferrum case, the hole of placement " body cup " checkout gear is left in the upper end, and remainder is totally-enclosed, and inwall is close to microwave absorbing material.
6, body cup type microwave thermal sound breast imaging checkout gear according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the thickness of described ferrum case is 5mm.
7, body cup type microwave thermal sound breast imaging checkout gear according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described non-metallic body base plate is made by acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.
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| CN 201110325301 CN102499713B (en) | 2011-10-24 | 2011-10-24 | Cup type microwave thermoacoustic mammary gland imaging detection device |
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| CN 201110325301 CN102499713B (en) | 2011-10-24 | 2011-10-24 | Cup type microwave thermoacoustic mammary gland imaging detection device |
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| CN103202688B (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2015-11-18 | 华南师范大学 | Ultrashort pulse microwave thermal sound breast imaging checkout gear |
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