CN103548548A - Tea garden planting method - Google Patents

Tea garden planting method Download PDF

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CN103548548A
CN103548548A CN201310576386.6A CN201310576386A CN103548548A CN 103548548 A CN103548548 A CN 103548548A CN 201310576386 A CN201310576386 A CN 201310576386A CN 103548548 A CN103548548 A CN 103548548A
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plantation
tea
tree
planting
centimetres
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CN103548548B (en
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徐天剑
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PUER MENGLIAN XINGJIAN PUER TEA DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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PUER MENGLIAN XINGJIAN PUER TEA DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a tea garden planting method which comprises the following steps: (S1100) excavating a planting ditch: excavating the planting ditch of which the bottom width is 55 to 65 cm, the upper opening width is 75 to 85 cm, and the depth is 65 to 75 cm; (S1200) backfilling soil in the planting ditch: backfilling soil in the planting ditch in May each year, backfilling raw soil at first, and then backfilling mellow soil, wherein a planting platform is kept to be low inside and high outside; (S1300) planting tea seedlings: planting the tea seedlings from June to July each year, wherein 1150 to 1250 seedlings are planted per mu in a single row, or 2350 to 2450 seedlings are planted per mu in double rows; (S1500) planting shading trees: planting the shading trees in the tea garden; (S1600) planting green manure in the tea garden: planting green manure in the planting platform and/or a protection band. Through the application of the tea garden planting method provided by the invention, the tea trees can be promoted to absorb nutritional ingredients, so that the survival rate of the tea trees is improved.

Description

A kind of tea place implantation methods
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tea garden management method, relate in particular to a kind of tea place implantation methods.
Background technology
China is the national treasure of native place ,Cha Shi China of tealeaves.Vast territory and abundant resources in China, and the kind of tealeaves is also a lot, and the implantation methods of each tea tree is different again, and the implantation methods of tea tree is the experience of continuing to use the long-term accumulation of China tea grower for a long time.But along with the precipitation in years, weather and environmental change are larger, a lot of experiences are also not suitable for the plantation of present tea tree.
Therefore, be desirable to provide a kind of promotion tea tree and absorb nutrient component, thereby improve the tea place implantation methods of tea tree survival rate.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, the present invention proposes a kind of novel tea place implantation methods of at least a portion that can address the above problem.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of tea place implantation methods, comprised
S1100 excavation plantation ditch step: plantation ditch is scraped out to 55~65 centimetres of bottom width, and 75~85 centimetres suitable for reading wide, and 65~75 centimetres dark;
S1200 is to plantation trench backfill soil step: annual May is to backfill soil in plantation ditch, the first backfill immature soil, then backfill mellow soil, and wherein, plantation platform keeps low outside, the inside high;
S1300 kind is planted tea shoot step: annual 6 plant tea shoot to July, every mu of plantation 1150~1250 strains of single file, or every mu of plantation 2350~2450 strains of duplicate rows;
S1500 kind is planted and is covered cloudy tree step: in tea place, cloudy tree is covered in plantation; And
S1600 tea place green manuring step: green manuring on plantation platform and/or boundary belt.
Alternatively, according to an embodiment of the invention, S1300 kind further comprises S1400 step after planting tea shoot step: use mulching planting platform.
Alternatively, according to an embodiment of the invention, in S1500 step, described in cover cloudy tree and at least comprise any one in following: Anlnus nepalensis, fragrant camphor tree, cinnamomum japonicum, flame-tree, southern wild jujube, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, acacia rachii and China tree.
Alternatively, according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, in S1500 step, in every mu of tea place, plant 30 and cover cloudy tree.
Alternatively, according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, in S1100 step, plantation ditch is scraped out to 60 centimetres of bottom width, 80 centimetres suitable for reading wide, and 70 centimetres dark.
Alternatively, according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, in S1100 step, plantation ditch is scraped out to 60 centimetres of bottom width, 75 centimetres suitable for reading wide, and 65 centimetres dark.
Alternatively, according to an embodiment of the invention, S1300 kind is planted in tea shoot step, 1200 strains of every mu of plantation tea shoot of single file, or 2400 strains of every mu of plantation tea shoot of duplicate rows.
Alternatively, according to an embodiment of the invention, S1300 kind is planted in tea shoot step, 1180 strains of every mu of plantation tea shoot of single file, or 2420 strains of every mu of plantation tea shoot of duplicate rows.
Application the invention provides tea place implantation methods and can promote tea tree to absorb nutrient component, and improves the survival rate of tea tree.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By reading below detailed description of the preferred embodiment, various other advantage and benefits will become cheer and bright for those of ordinary skills.Accompanying drawing is only for the object of preferred embodiment is shown, and do not think limitation of the present invention.And in whole accompanying drawing, by identical reference symbol, represent identical parts.Wherein in the accompanying drawings, a plurality of identical parts of alphabetic flag indication after reference number, when these parts of general reference, will omit its last alphabetic flag.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the tea place implantation methods of a preferred embodiment of the invention; And
Fig. 2 shows the tea place implantation methods of a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The invention provides many applicable creative concepts, this creativeness concept can be reflected in a large number of in concrete context.The specific embodiment of describing in following embodiments of the present invention is only as the exemplary illustration of the specific embodiment of the present invention, and do not form limitation of the scope of the invention.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and concrete embodiment, the invention will be further described.
The tea place implantation methods of a preferred embodiment of the invention as shown in Figure 1, a kind of tea place implantation methods, first enter S1100 excavation plantation ditch step: deep-cut plantation ditch and can promote tea tree to absorb the nutrient components that are conducive to its growth more, thereby survive better.Therefore, plantation ditch is scraped out to 55~65 centimetres of bottom width, 75~85 centimetres suitable for reading wide, and 65~75 centimetres dark.Evidence, scrapes out 60 centimetres of bottom width by plantation ditch, and 75 centimetres suitable for reading wide, and 65 centimetres of dark effects are better.Plantation ditch is scraped out to 60 centimetres of bottom width, and 80 centimetres suitable for reading wide, and 70 centimetres of dark effects are optimum.
Next enters S1200 to plantation trench backfill soil step: annual May is to backfill soil in plantation ditch, the first backfill immature soil, then backfill mellow soil, and wherein, plantation platform keeps low outside, the inside high.
The immature soil is that structure is tightr, gloss slightly, and color is even, and quality is pure, not containing the soil of mankind's activity remnants.
Mellow soil refers to the soil of being opened up wasteland by people exactly.
Plantation platform refers to: the platform between open up wasteland out for ease of tree plant cultivation, growth, final-period management 1.2 meters to 2 meters.The inclined-plane low inside general maintenance, outside is high.The offering of plantation platform be convenient to tea tree root to surrounding growth, be convenient to later stage intertillage, fertilising, tealeaves and gather.
Enter afterwards S1300 kind and plant tea shoot step: annual 6 plant tea shoot to July, every mu of plantation 1150~1250 strains of single file, or every mu of plantation 2350~2450 strains of duplicate rows.Evidence, 1180 strains of every mu of plantation tea shoot of single file, or every mu of plantation tea shoot 2420 strain effects of duplicate rows are better.1200 strains of every mu of plantation tea shoot of single file, or every mu of plantation tea shoot 2400 strain effects of duplicate rows are optimum.According to upper type plantation tea shoot, can guarantee that tea place enters high yield in advance.
Entering subsequently S1500 kind plants and covers cloudy tree step: in tea place, cloudy tree is covered in plantation.Describedly cover cloudy tree and at least comprise any one in following: Anlnus nepalensis, fragrant camphor tree, cinnamomum japonicum, flame-tree, southern wild jujube, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, acacia rachii and China tree.In every mu of tea place, plant 30 and cover cloudy tree.The beneficial effect that cloudy tree is covered in plantation has: first, the plantation of covering cloudy tree can be set up a tea place ecotope, forms tea place microclimate, causes the tea raw material that grows unique quality under the climatic environment of this sheet tea place uniqueness.Secondly, cover cloudy tree and can play the solid native effect of water conservation.Finally, cover after the cloudy branches and leaves of setting the trees that fall rot and can increase soil fertility.
Anlnus nepalensis, has another name called alnus nepalensis, alnus nepalensis, and wax gourd tree (Yunnan), is Betulaceae Alder megaphanerophyte, high approximately 18 meters, 1 meter of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground; The smooth green of little tree bark, the coarse lobe of veteran bark black; Branch is without hair, and sprout is dredged sometimes by yellow pubescence; Bud tool handle, 2 pieces of perulas, smooth.Leaf papery, avette, oval, long 10-16 centimetre, top is point or suddenly sharp gradually, rare blunt circle, the wide wedge shape of base portion, rare subcircular, edge tool is dredged tooth or full edge, and blade face is emerald green, Glabrous, the back side is grayish green, close raw gland point, during children, dredge by brown pubescence, in edge, arteries and veins is closeer, and more or less deposit place, the yellow beard of tool between arteries and veins armpit, lateral vein 12-16 couple; Petiole is sturdy, and long 1.5-2.5 centimetre is near without hair.The most panicles that form of male inflorescence, sagging.Infructescence Long Circle, is about 2 centimetres, 8 millimeters of diameters, and order stalk is short, and long 2-3 centimetre forms top by majority raw, the large infructescence of right circuit cone shape; Fruit bud is wooden, and deposit place, is about 4 millimeters, nose-circle, and tool 5 is shallow to be split.Fruit is nutlet, and Long Circle, is about 2 millimeters, parachute matter, and wide is 1/2 of fruit, rare wide with fruit.
Camphor tree, is the evergreen megaphanerophyte of Lauraceae, another name: wooden camphor tree, small wooden raft tree, fragrant camphor tree, black camphor tree, fragrant camphor tree, kind camphor tree, fragrant stamen, camphorwood.Camphor tree is the seeds that represent of Subtropical Evergreen Broad-leaf Forest, for the material that subtropical zone (southwest) is important is used and extraordinary economic tree.Bark crineous, has lobe rill.Avette or ellipticity is avette single leaf alternate, thin keratin, full edge, smooth surface, the back side is micro-white powder, and without hair, leaf margin is micro-is wavy, has from base three and goes out arteries and veins, and arteries and veins armpit has obvious body of gland.Androgyny, flower both sexes, panicle armpit is born in a top, yellow green little Hua, 4~May of florescence.Spherical berry, 10~November is ripe, when ripe, by green, transfers black purple to; Pericarp is atropurpureus, glossy.
Cinnamomum japonicum, is aiphyllium, high 10-15 rice, diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 30-35 centimetre.Branch is thin and delicate, cylindrical, and the utmost point is without hair, redness or bronzing, and taste is fragrant.Leaf is closely to life or in branch top person's alternate, ovum circle shape Long Circle is to oval shape lanceolar, long 7-10 centimetre, wide 3-3.5 centimetre, the sharp point of tip is to gradually sharp, the wide wedge shape of base portion or obtuse, keratin, green above, light, celadon below, dark and gloomy, two sides is without hair, from base three, go out arteries and veins, middle arteries and veins directly passes through end of blade, on blade top, there is minority offshoot, the raw lateral vein of base is from oblique the bearing of phyllopodium 1-1.5 centimeters, to leaf margin one side, there is minority offshoot, sometimes from phyllopodium place, bear a pair of a little obviously additional offshoot of protuberance, middle arteries and veins and lateral vein two sides protuberance, thready pulse is intensive and be obvious anastomose shape but be below tiny mesh in the above, petiole is sturdy, and abdomen hollow back is protruding, and bronzing, without hair.Panicle armpit is raw, long 3-4.5(10) centimetre, the long 1.5-3 centimetre of total stalk, all without hair, end is the cyme of 3-5 flower with the bennet of long 5-7 millimeter.
Flame-tree, fallen leaves megaphanerophyte, high 10~20 meters, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground can reach 1 meter.Tree-like is wide umbrella shape, and branch is many and carry out.Bark is coarse, taupe.The normal tomentellate of sprig also has obvious hole skin.Two times winglike compound leaf alternates,, have 10~24 pairs of accessory pinnas, to life by long 20~60 centimetres; Long 5~8 centimetres of accessory pinna, has 20~40 pairs, leaflet; The close life of leaflet, tiny, oblong, full edge, the blunt circle in top, base portion is crooked, and long 4~8 millimeters, wide 2.5~3 millimeters, papery, blade face is level and smooth and thin, dark green, and only middle veinclearing is aobvious for vein, and two sides is by thin,tough silk hair.Winter is when fall leaves, and numerous leaflet descends slowly and lightly as snowflake.Raceme umbrella room shape, top is raw or armpit is raw, long 20~40 centimetres.Spend greatly 7~15 centimetres of diameters.All 5, calyx and petal.Petal is red, and bottom pintongs is open and flat, is about 8 centimetres, and the 5th lobe is upright, slightly large, and has the spot of Huang Jibai, and stamen is red.Peony inside calyx, outside is green.5~August of florescence.Pod band shape or microbend are sickleshaped, flat, sagging, and ripe rear lignification, is dark brown, long 30~60 centimetres, includes 40~50, seed.400 grams of thousand grain weigths, kind skin is dapple.Autumn (November), fruit was ripe.
South wild jujube, deciduous tree, high 8-20 meters, bark taupe, lobe is peeled off in the form of sheets.Odd number winglike compound leaf, alternate, long 20-30 centimetre, leaflet is to life, papery, Long Circle is oval to oval shape, and long 4-10 centimetres, wide 2-4,5 centimetres, the long gradually point in top, base portion does not wait and deflection, has bundle hair in the arteries and veins armpit of the back side; Long 5-12 millimeters of petiolule.
One of distinctive aromatic plant resource of fruit of a cubeb litsea tree ,Wei China, fruit of a cubeb litsea tree happiness light or slightly resistance to shade, shallow root, in Chang Sheng and deserted mountain, wasteland, shrubbery or in sparse woods, border and roadside.Rudiment is strong, uses seminal propagation.
Acacia rachii another name acacia confusa, form: aiphyllium.Tree crown is circular.High 6~15m, without hair.Branch grey or brown, stingless.Seedling stage, rough leaf was winglike compound leaf, and after growing up, leaflet is degenerated; Stipule triangle, meat; Petiole is lobate, crescent, and long 6~10cm, wide 5~13mm, two ends are point gradually, without hair, has the parallel venation of 3~7 protuberances.Capitulum is spherical, single raw or 2~3 cluster in axil, diameter 1cm, total bennet is slim and frahile, long 8~10mm; Spend golden yellow, have micro-perfume (or spice); Calyx is about as corolla half; Petal light green, is about 2mm; Stamen is most, obviously exceeds outside corolla; Ovary is by yellowish-brown pubescence, and style is about 4mm.Pod is flat, long 4~12cm, and wide 7~10mm, has yellowish-brown pubescence during children, micro-contracting of hanging between seed, tip is blunt and have a plush copper, base portion wedge shape; 2~8, seed, ellipse, flattens, long 5~7mm.3~October of florescence, really 8~December of phase.
Margosa, is Meliaceae deciduous tree plant, high 10-20m.Bark crineous, lobe, old branch purple, has most tiny hole skins.Be born in wilderness or roadside, often cultivate after room anterior chamber.This plant requires not tight to soil, in acid soil, neutral soil and In Limestone Area, all can grow, on moistening fertile soil, grow particularly rapid, and be the good reproducting tree species of Plain and low height above sea level hills area, wing other plantation in village's is more suitable.Margosa is that material is used plant, is also medicinal plant, and its flower, leaf, fruit, root skin all can be used as medicine.Be widely distributed in Tropical Asian and subtropical zone, also there is cultivation Temperate Region in China.
Finally enter S1600 tea place green manuring step: selectively, at plantation platform and boundary belt, or only at plantation platform or green manuring on boundary belt only.Every mu of tea place green manuring on plantation platform, boundary belt, except can improving soil environment and increasing soil fertility, can also avoid the growth of weeds.
Green manure (green manure) is the green plants body as fertilizer.Green manure is a kind of nutrient biological source of manure completely.Plant green manure and be not only the effective ways that add the source of manure, improvement soil is also had to great role.
Application the invention provides tea place implantation methods and can promote tea tree to absorb nutrient component, thereby improves the survival rate of tea tree.
In order further to improve the survival rate of tea tree, the tea place implantation methods of a preferred embodiment of the invention as shown in Figure 2, S1300 kind further comprises S1400 step after planting tea shoot step: use mulching planting platform, so can offer shoot root portion water conservation, insulation tea, be convenient to tea shoot and survive, grow.
Mulch film is ground cover film, and normally transparent or black PE film, also has green, silver thin film, for ground, cover, to improve soil temperature, keep soil moisture, maintain soil structure, prevent disease that insect invasion and attack crop and certain micro-organisms cause etc., the function of Promoting plant growth.
Therefore in the embodiment designing in the present embodiment, be to design and obtain on the basis that has comprised S1100, S1200, S1300, S1400, S1500 and S1600 step.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 2, first enter S1100 excavation plantation ditch step: plantation ditch is scraped out to 55~65 centimetres of bottom width, and 75~85 centimetres suitable for reading wide, and 65~75 centimetres dark.Next enters S1200 to plantation trench backfill soil step: annual May is to backfill soil in plantation ditch, the first backfill immature soil, then backfill mellow soil, and wherein, plantation platform keeps low outside, the inside high.Enter subsequently S1300 kind and plant tea shoot step: annual 6 plant tea shoot to July, every mu of plantation 1150~1250 strains of single file, or every mu of plantation 2350~2450 strains of duplicate rows.Enter afterwards S1400 step: use mulching planting platform.Entering S1500 kind plants and covers cloudy tree step again: in tea place, cloudy tree is covered in plantation.Describedly cover cloudy tree and comprise: Anlnus nepalensis, fragrant camphor tree, cinnamomum japonicum, flame-tree, southern wild jujube, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, acacia rachii and China tree.In every mu of tea place, plant 30 and cover cloudy tree.Alternatively, described in, cover cloudy tree and comprise one or more in above-mentioned.Finally enter S1600 tea place green manuring step: green manuring on plantation platform and boundary belt.Application the invention provides tea place implantation methods and can promote tea tree to absorb nutrient component, thereby improves the survival rate of tea tree.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 2, first enter S1100 excavation plantation ditch step: plantation ditch is scraped out to 60 centimetres of bottom width, and 80 centimetres suitable for reading wide, and 70 centimetres dark.Next enters S1200 to plantation trench backfill soil step: annual May is to backfill soil in plantation ditch, the first backfill immature soil, then backfill mellow soil, and wherein, plantation platform keeps low outside, the inside high.Enter subsequently S1300 kind and plant tea shoot step: annual 6 plant tea shoot to July, 1180 strains of every mu of plantation tea shoot of single file, or 2420 strains of every mu of plantation tea shoot of duplicate rows.Enter afterwards S1400 step: use mulching planting platform.Entering S1500 kind plants and covers cloudy tree step again: in tea place, cloudy tree is covered in plantation.Describedly cover cloudy tree and comprise: Anlnus nepalensis, fragrant camphor tree, cinnamomum japonicum, flame-tree, southern wild jujube, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, acacia rachii and China tree.In every mu of tea place, plant 30 and cover cloudy tree.Alternatively, described in, cover cloudy tree and also comprise one or more in above-mentioned.Finally enter S1600 tea place green manuring step: green manuring on plantation platform and boundary belt.Application the invention provides tea place implantation methods and can promote tea tree to absorb nutrient component, thereby improves the survival rate of tea tree.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 2, first enter S1100 excavation plantation ditch step: plantation ditch is scraped out to 60 centimetres of bottom width, and 75 centimetres suitable for reading wide, 65 centimetres.Next enters S1200 to plantation trench backfill soil step: annual May is to backfill soil in plantation ditch, the first backfill immature soil, then backfill mellow soil, and wherein, plantation platform keeps low outside, the inside high.Enter subsequently S1300 kind and plant tea shoot step: annual 6 plant tea shoot to July, 1200 strains of every mu of plantation tea shoot of single file, or 2400 strains of every mu of plantation tea shoot of duplicate rows.Enter afterwards S1400 step: use mulching planting platform.Entering S1500 kind plants and covers cloudy tree step again: in tea place, cloudy tree is covered in plantation.Describedly cover cloudy tree and comprise: Anlnus nepalensis, fragrant camphor tree, cinnamomum japonicum, flame-tree, southern wild jujube, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, acacia rachii and China tree.In every mu of tea place, plant 30 and cover cloudy tree.Alternatively, described in, cover cloudy tree and comprise one or more in above-mentioned.Finally enter S1600 tea place green manuring step: green manuring on plantation platform and boundary belt.Application the invention provides tea place implantation methods and can promote tea tree to absorb nutrient component, thereby improves the survival rate of tea tree.
Rule of thumb draw: general traditional planting method survival rate is at 60-70%, and the survival rate of the tea shoot of turning out by this method provided by the invention can reach 92-95%.
It should be noted, the present invention will be described rather than limit the invention for above-described embodiment, and those skilled in the art can design alternative embodiment in the situation that do not depart from the scope of claims.In the claims, any reference symbol between bracket should be configured to limitations on claims.Word " comprises " not to be got rid of existence and is not listed as element or step in the claims.Being positioned at word " " before element or " one " does not get rid of and has a plurality of such elements.The use of word first, second and C grade does not represent any order.Can be title by these word explanations.

Claims (8)

1. a tea place implantation methods, comprises
(S1100) excavation plantation ditch step: plantation ditch is scraped out to 55~65 centimetres of bottom width, and 75~85 centimetres suitable for reading wide, and 65~75 centimetres dark;
(S1200) to plantation trench backfill soil step: the first backfill immature soil, then backfill mellow soil, wherein, planted platform and kept low outside, the inside high to planting backfill soil in ditch annual May;
(S1300) plantation tea shoot step: annual 6 plant tea shoot to July, every mu of plantation 1150~1250 strains of single file, or every mu of plantation 2350~2450 strains of duplicate rows;
(S1500) cloudy tree step is covered in plantation: in tea place, cloudy tree is covered in plantation; And
(S1600) tea place green manuring step: green manuring on plantation platform and/or boundary belt.
2. tea place according to claim 1 implantation methods, (S1300) further comprises (S1400) step after plantation tea shoot step: use mulching planting platform.
3. tea place according to claim 1 implantation methods, (S1500) in step, described in cover cloudy tree and at least comprise any one in following: Anlnus nepalensis, fragrant camphor tree, cinnamomum japonicum, flame-tree, southern wild jujube, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, acacia rachii and China tree.
4. according to the tea place implantation methods described in any one in claim 1-3, wherein, (S1500) in step, in every mu of tea place, plant 30 and cover cloudy tree.
5. according to the tea place implantation methods described in any one in claim 1-3, wherein, (S1100) in step, plantation ditch is scraped out to 60 centimetres of bottom width, 80 centimetres suitable for reading wide, and 70 centimetres dark.
6. according to the tea place implantation methods described in any one in claim 1-3, wherein, (S1100) in step, plantation ditch is scraped out to 60 centimetres of bottom width, 75 centimetres suitable for reading wide, and 65 centimetres dark.
7. according to the tea place implantation methods described in any one in claim 1-3, (S1300) plant in tea shoot step 1200 strains of every mu of plantation tea shoot of single file, or 2400 strains of every mu of plantation tea shoot of duplicate rows.
8. according to the tea place implantation methods described in any one in claim 1-3, (S1300) plant in tea shoot step 1180 strains of every mu of plantation tea shoot of single file, or 2420 strains of every mu of plantation tea shoot of duplicate rows.
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CN105248215A (en) * 2015-09-24 2016-01-20 广西百润源农业有限公司 High-yield plantation method of high-quality sweet tea
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