CN103548524B - A kind of method of wheat increase yield - Google Patents
A kind of method of wheat increase yield Download PDFInfo
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- CN103548524B CN103548524B CN201310512634.0A CN201310512634A CN103548524B CN 103548524 B CN103548524 B CN 103548524B CN 201310512634 A CN201310512634 A CN 201310512634A CN 103548524 B CN103548524 B CN 103548524B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of wheat increase yield.Drip irrigation device of the present invention is: a kind of method of wheat increase yield, 4-6 days after wheat flower, the i.e. development of grain initial stage, that carries out exogenous NO gas donor sodium nitroprusside solution to wheat plant sprays process, the molar concentration of described sodium nitroprusside solution is 75-150 μm of ol/L, and the amount of spraying of sodium nitroprusside solution is 50-80 L/ mu.Compared with prior art, on Components of Wheat Yield impact significantly, output significantly improves in the present invention, be embodied in thousand grain weight of wheat do not reduce or to a certain degree increase while, grain number per spike significantly increases, theoretical yield and actual production also significantly improve.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of increasing crop yield technology, be specifically related to a kind of method of wheat increase yield.
Background technology
The three elements that wheat yield is formed are respectively a mu spike number, grain number per spike and thousand kernel weight, some or two factors are constant or have when to a certain degree increasing wherein, impel the increase of other key elements to be general thinkings of attain high output of wheat.The coordination that the mode that existing cultivation step many employings liquid manure is planned strategies for realizes wheat yield three elements increases, not only working strength is greatly but also costly for these methods, more also comparatively large to the pressure of the environment such as soil, water body, there is the problem such as yield increasing effect instability and longevity of residure length in traditional plant growth regulator.Nitric oxide (NO) is a kind of bioactive molecule being distributed widely in organism, and it take part in the different physiological roles in plant, as the growing of respiration, seed germination, root and leaf, aging, stress response etc.Along with the development of agricultural science and technology, exogenous NO gas is a kind of simple diatomic Small molecular, and it has positive effect to increasing crop yield, and this is that the measure of improving yield of wheat chemical regulation provides new selection.Correlative study is pointed out, 50-100 μm of ol/L sodium nitroprussiate (SNP, exogenous NO gas donor) contributes to the inhibitory action alleviating the growth of Drought and salt Leaf of Wheat Seedling.Research is pointed out in addition, the foliage-spray 75-400 μm of ol/L SNP solution when shooting stage and wheat flag leaf launch completely, contributes to wheat ripening rate and grain increase heavily, contributes to the raising of wheat yield.Existing research does not all relate to the paid related content surveying product of small plot experiment, about the concrete condition of actual production it be unclear that.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves there is provided a kind of ecology, safety, high yield and the efficient method that increases of wheat, this method for increasing is a kind of under field cultivating condition, improve thousand grain weight of wheat and grain number per spike, increase substantially the chemical regulation method of wheat yield.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of method of wheat increase yield, it is characterized in that: 4-6 days after wheat flower, the i.e. development of grain initial stage, that carries out exogenous NO gas donor sodium nitroprusside solution to wheat plant sprays process, the molar concentration of described sodium nitroprusside solution is 75-150 μm of ol/L, and the amount of spraying of sodium nitroprusside solution is 50-80 L/ mu.
The method of wheat increase yield of the present invention, after wheat flower 5 days, i.e. the development of grain initial stage, that carries out exogenous NO gas donor sodium nitroprusside solution to wheat plant sprays process, the molar concentration of described sodium nitroprusside solution is 100 μm of ol/L, and the amount of spraying of sodium nitroprusside solution is 66.7L/ mu.
Compared with prior art, on Components of Wheat Yield impact significantly, output significantly improves in the present invention, be embodied in thousand grain weight of wheat do not reduce or to a certain degree increase while, grain number per spike significantly increases, theoretical yield and actual production also significantly improve.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described by the following examples, but this should be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to following embodiment.All technology realized based on foregoing of the present invention all belong to scope of the present invention.Test and carry out at He'nan Normal University's experimental field of wheat and pass, Hongmen Gate town, Hongqi District, Xinxiang City dike village school wheat field in 2011-2013.
Embodiment 1
He'nan Normal University's experimental field of wheat soil is sandy loam, and the soil of 0-30 cm soil layer is respectively 31.1 mg/kg, available potassium 92.1 mg/kg containing organic 10.7 g/kg, full nitrogen 0.46 g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 60.1 mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus.With three winter wheat variety Henan wheat 49-198, Xin Mai-208 and short anti-58 for test material, on October 18, autumn in 2011 is sowed, sowing on October 20, autumn in 2012 (short anti-58 tests of kind are closed except dike village school wheat field carries out in Hongmen Gate town, Hongqi District, Xinxiang City), Basic Seedling 150,000.Plot area is 2.9 m × 6 m(17.4 m
2), random district group arranges, and repeats 3 times.Dried poultrymanure 1.7 t/ mu is executed in each community before arable land, Stanley (three peaces) complex fertilizer 50 kg/ mu, N-P
2o
5-K
2o=18:18:18, total nutrient>=54 %, N-P
2o
5-K
2the mu consumption of O is 9 kg, coordinates respectively to water to impose Stanley (three peaces) each 25 kg/ mus of complex fertilizer, N-P in shooting stage and booting stage
2o
5-K
2the mu consumption of O is respectively 4.5 kg, and Stanley chemical fertilizer (Plain) Co., Ltd produces.In grain filling initial stage and Post flowering 15 d, supplementary foliage fertilizer is 12.5 g/L(net contents 1.238 × 10
1g/L) potassium dihydrogen phosphate, with 5.0 mL/L Tween-80s for adhesion promoter, so that its adhesion on blade, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is produced by Shandong Ke Saijinong Pty Ltd, KH
2pO
4>=99 %, K
2o>=34 %, P
2o
5>=52 %, the amount of spraying is converted into 100 mL/m
2, 66.7 L sodium nitroprusside solution/mus (amount to former medicine mu consumption 1.857 × 10
2g), carry out in dusk 18:00-19:00.On June 1st, 2012 gathers in the crops, and on May 30th, 2013 gathers in the crops.All the other control measures are with general field management.
Embodiment 2
It is clay loam that dike village school wheat field soil is closed in Hongmen Gate town, Hongqi District, Xinxiang City, and the soil of 0-30 cm soil layer is respectively 7.3 g/kg, full nitrogen 0.32 g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 18.7 mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 26.3 mg/kg, available potassium 83.4 mg/kg containing organic matter.With winter wheat variety short anti-58 for test material, on October 20, autumn in 2012 is sowed, Basic Seedling 150,000.Plot area is 2.9 m × 6 m(17.4 m
2), random district group arranges, and repeats 3 times.With reference to the fertilizing method that local large area adopts, MAP 50 kg/ mu is executed, N-P in each community before arable land
2o
5-K
2o=11:44:0, total nutrient>=55 %, N-P
2o
5-K
2the mu consumption of O is 5.5-22-0 kg, and Fei Ye Co., Ltd of Jiyuan City Toyota produces; Coordinate to water in the shooting stage and impose urea 25 kg/ mu, the mu consumption of total nitrogen>=46.4 %, N is 11.6 kg, and Henan XInlianxin Fertiliser Limited Company produces.Other are with He'nan Normal University's experimental field of wheat.
Embodiment 3
Processing method: exogenous NO gas donor is sodium nitroprussiate { sodium nitroprusside (two water), Na
2[Fe (CN)
4nO] 2H
2o, molecular weight 297.95; Sodium nitroprusside dihydrate, SNP}, purchased from Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Sinopharm Group, former medicine content>=99.0 %(analyzes pure).Concentration unit: weight analytical balance takes SNP 0.0596 g, be dissolved in 2 L distilled water, be mixed with 100 μm of ol/L(2.98 × 10-2 g/L) SNP solution, 5 d after wheat flower, namely the development of grain initial stage carries out complete stool and sprays, and the amount of spraying is converted into 100 mL/m
2, (amount to former medicine mu consumption is 19.8766 g) to 66.7 L sodium nitroprusside solution/mus, carries out in dusk 18:00-19:00.With 5.0 mL/L Tween-80s for adhesion promoter, so that its adhesion on blade.If do not add the experimental field of any process for contrast.
Embodiment 4
Processing method: weight analytical balance takes SNP 0.0447 g, is dissolved in 2 L distilled water, is mixed with the SNP solution of 75 μm of ol/L, 6 d after wheat flower, namely the development of grain initial stage carries out complete stool and sprays, and the amount of spraying is 80 L sodium nitroprusside solution/mus, carries out in dusk 18:00-19:00.With 5.0 mL/L Tween-80s for adhesion promoter, so that its adhesion on blade.If do not add any process for contrast.
Embodiment 5
Processing method: weight analytical balance takes SNP 0.0894 g, is dissolved in 2 L distilled water, is mixed with 150 μm of ol/L SNP solution, 4 d after wheat flower, namely the development of grain initial stage carries out complete stool and sprays, and the amount of spraying is 50 L sodium nitroprusside solution/mus, carries out in dusk 18:00-19:00.With 5.0 mL/L Tween-80s for adhesion promoter, so that its adhesion on blade.If do not add any process for contrast.
Embodiment 6
On June 1st, 2012, on May 30th, 2013, after comparative examples 3 processes reach maturity state time results carry out species test and output measuring and calculating.
2 m × 5 m(10 m are got from every community intermediate portion
2) area wheatear carries out paid survey product and thousand kernel weight is investigated, get one meter of duplicate rows plant from results intra-zone adjacent area and investigated actual Basic Seedling (strain) number, therefrom got representative plant 10 strain actual measurement effective ears and extrapolate a mu spike number; Get representative fringe 200 fringe, survey total grain number per spike and calculate Grain number per spike.
Theoretical yield and actual production is calculated according to investigated data.Species test and output calculate the results are shown in Table 1, table 2 and table 3.
From table 1, table 2 and table 3, three wheat breeds repeated test of continuous 2 years, wherein short anti-58 tests of kind are carried out in different location respectively, and result is basically identical.Compared with control group, 100 μm of ol/L SNP processed group are not under thousand kernel weight reduces or has increase condition in various degree, and grain number per spike is all higher, and its theoretical yield and actual production are also higher, difference reaches remarkable or pole significance level, wherein maximum with the increase rate of Henan wheat 49-198.As for three kinds in all lower phenomenon of 2012-2013 annual production, may be test material ecological condition change caused by.Wherein Henan wheat 49-198 and Xin Mai-208 is in 2012-2013 spring wheat generation loose kernel smut, its thousand kernel weight and output lower in this time.Short anti-58 tests are carried out at 2012-2013 dike at end of the year village school wheatland, its soil is clay loam, on the soil texture, larger difference is there is with the sandy loam of He'nan Normal University experimental field of wheat, Labile soil organic carbon is also poor, and its fertilising reference is the scheme that local large area adopts, lack supplementing of potash fertilizer, its grain number per spike, thousand kernel weight and output are also lower.100 μm of ol/L SNP are to the yield increasing effect of wheat, and the difference under the condition in different year and place only shows as the slight change of yield increasing effect power.According to above analysis of experiments, adopt and spend rear 5d, namely spray 100 μm of ol/L (2.98 × 10 at the development of grain initial stage
-2g/L) SNP solution, it is a kind of chemical regulation measure of practicable wheat increase yield, while reason of its volume increase is that thousand kernel weight does not reduce or has and increase in various degree, grain number per spike is greatly increased, thus wheat yield is also greatly increased.The processing method of embodiment 4,5 plays effect of increasing production in various degree too.
Table 1 wheat increase yield chemical regulation strategy is on the impact of Henan wheat 49-198 yield and yield component key element
Note: * and the * * after numerical value is illustrated respectively in significant difference in 0.05 and 0.01 level.Lower same.
Table 2 wheat increase yield chemical regulation strategy is on the impact of Xin Mai-208 yield and yield component key element
Table 3 wheat increase yield chemical regulation strategy is on the impact of short anti-58 yield and yield component key elements
Above chemical regulation measure is applied on improving yield of wheat, 5 d after spending exactly, namely wheat unit are mature spike number becomes fixed number the development of grain initial stage, while after spraying sodium nitroprussiate, thousand kernel weight does not reduce or has and to a certain degree increase, grain number per spike has growth by a relatively large margin, achieve increasing substantially of wheat yield, but also have following meaning.
(1) SNP is as exogenous NO gas donor, its chemical property is unstable under light, reagent is degraded after playing a role in the now with the current short time and causing wheat biological effect very soon, therefore there is the longevity of residure of medicine hardly, also can not cause harmful effect to soil and second stubble crop, be a kind of eco-friendly new plant growth Auto-regulator.Therefore, the present invention is that Wheat Production provides a kind of ecology, safe, highly efficient and productive chemical regulation measure.
(2) in the fertility middle and later periods management of wheat, generally to carry out the sprinkling of the how anti-reagent of a spray, the constituent that wherein plant growth regulator is wherein important often, in available reagent, there is not yet the use of exogenous NO gas at present, the present invention is that the reformed AHP of the how anti-complex reagent of a spray provides new selection.
Embodiment above describes general principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; under the scope not departing from the principle of the invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. the method for a wheat increase yield, it is characterized in that: after wheat flower 5 days, the i.e. development of grain initial stage, that carries out an exogenous NO gas donor sodium nitroprusside solution to wheat plant sprays process, the molar concentration of described sodium nitroprusside solution is 100 μm of ol/L, and the amount of spraying of sodium nitroprusside solution is 66.7L/ mu.
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| CN104163724B (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2016-09-07 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of Caulis et Folium Chrysanthemi segeti mill water culture nutrient solution and compound method thereof |
| CN105284451B (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2018-05-25 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | The application of sodium nitroprusside and/or sodium nitroprussiate in crop production reduction is slowed down |
| CN105794509A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-07-27 | 河南科技学院 | SNP chemical regulation method for increasing thermo-sensitive genic male sterile wheat BNS maturing rate |
| CN112703981A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-04-27 | 安徽农业大学 | Method for relieving wheat photosynthetic performance loss under high-temperature stress |
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| CN101326888A (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2008-12-24 | 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所 | Method for improving photosynthesis characteristics of dryland wheat |
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| CN101326888A (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2008-12-24 | 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所 | Method for improving photosynthesis characteristics of dryland wheat |
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Effective date of registration: 20170622 Address after: 221200 Jiangsu province Xuzhou County Suining modern agriculture demonstration area Guanghua village beam formation group Patentee after: Xuzhou Jiahe agricultural science and Technology Co. Ltd. Address before: 453007 Xinxiang East Road, Henan, No. 46 Patentee before: Henan Normal University |