CN103548510A - Method for breeding Holland Narcissus bulb under Shandong coastal climate condition - Google Patents
Method for breeding Holland Narcissus bulb under Shandong coastal climate condition Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a planting method of a Holland Narcissus bulb, and particularly to a method for breeding Holland Narcissus bulb under a Shandong coastal climate condition. The method comprises the steps of: performing crossed and longitudinal cutting from roots of the bulbs to 1/3 of the bulbs in the middle ten days of August; placing the bulbs in a carbendazim solution for soaking; after fishing out and air-drying the bulbs, planting the bulbs in washed and cleaned fine sands; keeping about 70% water moisture of the sands; placing the sands in a natural temperature environment conditions with the air humidity of more than 80% for 2 months; adopting ridging planting to plant the bulbs from Nov. 1 to Nov. 10 of each year; covering a grass pad on the ridged surface from Dec. 1 to Dec. 10 of each year; covering a plastic heat preservation shed while removing the grass pad from Jan. 20 to Jan. 31 in next year; removing a heat preservation shed from Mar. 1 to Mar. 10; adding soil of 2-5 cm thick around plants; digging the bulbs after the plants are died away; obtaining 10-20 small Holland Narcissus bulbs with the diameter of about 5-8 cm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods of Holland Narcissus kind ball, relate in particular to a kind of method of breeding Holland Narcissus kind ball under Along The Coast of Shandong Province weather conditions.
Background technology
Holland Narcissus belongs to spring flower class kind ball, originates in Mediterranean and area, warm temperate zone, Asia Minor, likes winter gentle, the weather cooling summer, and the certain chilling requirement of the requirement of surviving the winter, growth conditions is extremely strict.Its bulb propagation needs sowing in autumn (the 10-11 month), and bloom spring in next year (the 3-5 month), and summer (the 6-7 month), results were planted ball.If survived the winter, on the low side, the higher or growth season high temperature of temperature all causes spring flower class kind ball to plant less and less, and it is very narrow that it breeds region on a large scale.China is vast in territory, but the climatic superiority district of applicable spring flower kind ball large-scale breeding is few.Northeast, the Northwest are excessively cold winter, and kind of the napiform root that easily causes surviving the winter is freeze injury; South China, southwestern winter temperature are higher, and kind of the ball chilling requirement of surviving the winter is not enough, and growth season excess Temperature, and stem, leaf are too early old and feeble; High altitude mountainous area land resources is deficient, water resource is not enough, dry etc., become restriction China spring flower class bulb propagation production development principal element slowly.Shandong Coastal Area is cool in summer and warm in winter, and marine features is obvious, has abundant water resources, physical features is mild, land resources is abundant, has a good transport service, and is close to the market, there is when sky, the land productivity advantage of breeding on a large scale spring flower class flowering bulb kind ball, therefore, the fertility characteristic Shandong Coastal Area research spring flower class flowering bulb, expands cultivation accommodation, for saving import cost, improve China's industry of flowers and plants competitiveness significant.
The ground temperature of November first arrival early Febuary next year is the temperature important indicator of surviving the winter of Holland Narcissus, and the best ground temperature that is applicable to Holland Narcissus winter growth is between 0 ℃ to 9 ℃, following 10-15cm place, earth's surface; First arrival in April temperature is by the end of June the important indicator of Holland Narcissus temperature in vegetative period, and the best temperature that is applicable to Holland Narcissus growth in the Spring Festival is between 15 ℃ to 20 ℃.Site observation by is in recent years measured the weather conditions plantation of ， Shandong Province and is bred Holland Narcissus and still exists winter ground temperature on the low side, and the problem that spring temperature is higher, must take certain people just can produce high-quality Holland Narcissus kind ball for measure.
Summary of the invention
Although the ecological condition of Shandong Coastal Area is different from the ecological condition in Holland Narcissus original producton location, has similarity.The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of planting Holland Narcissus kind ball under Along The Coast of Shandong Province weather conditions, utilize the method plantation Holland Narcissus, can produce domestic kind of ball of Holland Narcissus that quality is equal to inlet ball standard.
The technical solution used in the present invention:
A kind of method of breeding domestic kind of ball of Holland Narcissus under Along The Coast of Shandong Province weather conditions:
(1) soil is selected and is processed: select sandy loam, by every mu executing 5-8m
3after the standard fertilising of cow dung, plough deeply 20-40cm;
(2) planting ball processes: mid-August, from kind of napiform root dish cross rip cutting to 1/3rd places of planting ball, be then placed in the carbendazim solution of 0.833-0.125wt% and soak 10-20 minute, pull out and be placed on the place backlight that ventilates and hang 3-6 hour.
(3) expedite the emergence of propagation callus: select the fine sand rinse well, dry, with the carbendazim solution that concentration is 0.833-0.125wt%, mix wetly, make water content reach 70% left and right.The kind ball that method 2 is handled well is planted in fine sand, is placed under the more than 80% natural temperature environmental condition of air humidity, places 2 months.
(4) planting patterns: adopt Ridged plant, ridge is east-west, row spacing 1.0-1.2m's, the high 6-10cm in ridge, row spacing 40-60cm; The capable kind ball of every ridge plantation 4-5, planting depth 2-5cm;
(5) plantation step: in annual 1-10 day kind in November, plant ball, after kind, water one time permeable, according to every mu rushing, execute ferrous sulfate 500-750g and 1000-1500g50% phoxim granule.1-10 in December day ridge face covers straw mat, removes straw mat fastener roof insulating simultaneously 20-31 day January in next year, and 1-10 day in March is removed roof insulating, increases the soil that 2-5cm is thick around plant simultaneously, and this soil adopts clayed soil; Digging kind ball after plant is withered.
In step (2) (3), when starting kind of napiform root dish rip cutting and expedite the emergence of the time place cross rip cutting of callus, is in order to accelerate to produce callus, forms a large amount of little bulbecs.
In step (4), described row spacing is the distance between two ridges; Described planting depth is the distance on ball apex distance earth's surface.
In step (5), the mean ground temperature of planting the preferred opportunity plant ball and be 10-15cm soil layer place is below 9 ℃; The preferred thickness of described straw mat is 5-10cm; The preferred specification of described roof insulating is bamboo frame structure, the high 1.2m of canopy, the wide 1.5m of canopy.After button roof insulating, when temperature surpasses 25 ℃ in canopy, need to carry out both sides ventilation." water one time permeable " belongs to the professional term in agricultural, refers to water ground is thoroughly shady.
The present invention applies cow dung, on the one hand as organic manure, provides fertilizer for soil; On the other hand, can change soil structure, improve loose soil and dredge air permeability; Thereby effectively improve the growth of flowering bulb root system and expanding of bulb.Ridged plant, can improve preferably soil ground temperature, strengthen the growth of root system and expanding of bulb.Employing applies special nutrient solution in the process of watering, and can effectively impel plant to shift to an earlier date sprout growth, extends the Bulb growth that growth time guarantees the later stage.The present invention by the pretreatment of kind of ball, soil are selected, the selecting of fertilizer, planting time, planting type, the preparation of nutrient solution be, research repeatedly, the improvement of the many factors such as removal time of the setup times of the size of roof insulating, roof insulating, roof insulating, through test for many years, finally drawn the technique scheme that resultant effect is best.Adopt method of the present invention, the napiform root system of planting by the end of December ball can grow to 10-15 centimetre of left and right, mid or late Febuary in next year kind ball start rudiment, bloom March, just can digging kind ball at the beginning of 6 months; The plant strain growth phase of Holland Narcissus has extended 1 month than outdoor cropping.Conventionally each plant can obtain 10-20 Zhou Jing in the little bulbec of Holland Narcissus of 5-8cm left and right, and these little bulbecs are planted the standard that can reach commodity ball for a year again.Such kind ball reproduction coefficient has reached international production standard completely.
Beneficial effect
First, the present invention is the climate characteristic according to China, a kind of endemic species ball mating system that research and probe goes out, has started the precedent of breeding domestic kind of ball of Holland Narcissus under Along The Coast of Shandong Province weather conditions, utilizes the Holland Narcissus kind ball of the method production and the quality of inlet ball on a par.Secondly, utilize the present invention can produce in a large number domestic kind of ball of Holland Narcissus of high-quality, broken the situation that domestic market for many years can only dependence on import ball completely, simultaneously also for we have saved certain foreign exchange reserve.Moreover the application of this method, gets rich for adjustment and the increasing peasant income of the structure of agricultural production of shandong economy high speed development coastal area, has obvious realistic meaning, meets the guiding of national agricultural policy.Kind of the ball that obtains is to breed out under climate in china condition, is relatively applicable to Chinese weather conditions growth, blooms.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
In Wendeng City, Shandong Province, select a sandy loam soil, by every mu executing 8m
3after the standard fertilising of cow dung, plough deeply 20cm.Started August 10 from kind of napiform root dish cross rip cutting to 1/3rd places of planting ball, be then placed in the carbendazim solution of 0.833-0.125wt% and soak 10 minutes, pull out and be placed on the place backlight that ventilates and hang 3 hours.The fine sand that selection is rinsed well, dries, and mixes wetly with the carbendazim solution that concentration is 0.833-0.125wt%, makes water content reach 70% left and right.The kind ball of handling well is planted in fine sand, is placed under the more than 80% natural temperature environmental condition of air humidity, place 2 months.Then along east-west direction ridging, row spacing 1.0m's, the high 6cm in ridge, row spacing 40cm.
In on the November of 2012 a kind plant ball, 4 row kind balls, planting depth 2cm are planted in every ridge.Kind after water one time permeable, according to every mu rushing, execute ferrous sulfate 500g and 1000g50% phoxim granule.December 1, ridge face cladding thickness was 5cm straw mat, removed straw mat on January 27th, 2013; The bamboo frame structure plastic, thermal-insulation canopy that the high 1.2m of canopy, the wide 1.5m of canopy are set simultaneously on ridge is incubated; When temperature surpasses 25 ℃ in canopy, carry out both sides ventilation.Removed roof insulating on March 1, increase the soil that 3-4cm is thick around simultaneously plant, this soil adopts clayed soil.Withered, the digging kind ball of plant on June 7.Average each plant can obtain the little bulbec of Holland Narcissus of 16-19 all footpath 5-7cm, and these little bulbecs are planted the standard that can reach commodity ball for a year again.Such kind ball reproduction coefficient has reached international production standard completely.
Embodiment 2
In Wendeng City, Shandong Province, select a sandy loam soil, by every mu executing 5m
3after the standard fertilising of cow dung, plough deeply 30cm.Started August 13 from kind of napiform root dish cross rip cutting to 1/3rd places of planting ball, be then placed in the carbendazim solution of 0.833-0.125wt% and soak 15 minutes, pull out and be placed on the place backlight that ventilates and hang 5 hours.The fine sand that selection is rinsed well, dries, and mixes wetly with the carbendazim solution that concentration is 0.833-0.125wt%, makes water content reach 70% left and right.The kind ball of handling well is planted in fine sand, is placed under the more than 80% natural temperature environmental condition of air humidity, place 2 months.Then along east-west direction ridging, row spacing 1.1m's, the high 8cm in ridge, row spacing 50cm.
In on the November of 2012 10 kind plant ball, 4 row kind balls, planting depth 2cm are planted in every ridge.Kind after water one time permeable, according to every mu rushing, execute ferrous sulfate 600g and 1250g50% phoxim granule.December 8, ridge face cladding thickness was 5cm straw mat, removed straw mat on January 31st, 2013; The bamboo frame structure plastic, thermal-insulation canopy that the high 1.2m of canopy, the wide 1.5m of canopy are set simultaneously on ridge is incubated; When temperature surpasses 25 ℃ in canopy, carry out both sides ventilation.Removed roof insulating on March 10, increase the soil that 2-3cm is thick around simultaneously plant, this soil adopts clayed soil.Withered, the digging kind ball of plant on June 10.Average each plant can obtain the little bulbec of Holland Narcissus of 14-18 all footpath 6-8cm, and these little bulbecs are planted the standard that can reach commodity ball for a year again.Such kind ball reproduction coefficient has reached international production standard completely.
Embodiment 3
In Wendeng City, Shandong Province, select a sandy loam soil, by every mu executing 6m
3after the standard fertilising of cow dung, plough deeply 40cm.Started August 15 from kind of napiform root dish cross rip cutting to 1/3rd places of planting ball, be then placed in the carbendazim solution of 0.833-0.125wt% and soak 20 minutes, pull out and be placed on the place backlight that ventilates and hang 6 hours.The fine sand that selection is rinsed well, dries, and mixes wetly with the carbendazim solution that concentration is 0.833-0.125wt%, makes water content reach 70% left and right.The kind ball of handling well is planted in fine sand, is placed under the more than 80% natural temperature environmental condition of air humidity, place 2 months.Then along east-west direction ridging, row spacing 1.2m's, the high 10cm in ridge, row spacing 60cm.
In on the November of 2012 3 kind plant ball, 5 row kind balls, planting depth 5cm are planted in every ridge.Kind after water one time permeable, according to every mu rushing, execute ferrous sulfate 750g and 1500g50% phoxim granule.December 3, ridge face cladding thickness was 10cm straw mat, removed straw mat on January 27th, 2013; The bamboo frame structure plastic, thermal-insulation canopy that the high 1.2m of canopy, the wide 1.5m of canopy are set simultaneously on ridge is incubated; When temperature surpasses 25 ℃ in canopy, carry out both sides ventilation.Removed roof insulating on March 6, increase the soil that 4-5cm is thick around simultaneously plant, this soil adopts clayed soil.Withered, the digging kind ball of plant on June 7.Average each plant can obtain the little bulbec of Holland Narcissus of 16-19 all footpath 5-7cm, and these little bulbecs are planted the standard that can reach commodity ball for a year again.Such kind ball reproduction coefficient has reached international production standard completely.
Claims (10)
1. under Along The Coast of Shandong Province weather conditions, breed a method for Holland Narcissus kind ball, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) soil is selected and is processed: select sandy loam, by every mu executing 5-8m
3after the standard fertilising of cow dung, plough deeply 20-40cm;
(2) planting ball processes: mid-August, from kind of napiform root dish cross rip cutting to 1/3rd places of planting ball, be then placed in the carbendazim solution of 0.833-0.125wt% and soak 10-20 minute, pull out and be placed on the place backlight that ventilates and hang 3-6 hour.
(3) expedite the emergence of propagation callus: select the fine sand rinse well, dry, with the carbendazim solution that concentration is 0.833-0.125wt%, mix wetly, make water content reach 70% left and right.The kind ball that method 2 is handled well is planted in fine sand, is placed under the more than 80% natural temperature environmental condition of air humidity, places 2 months.
(4) planting patterns: adopt Ridged plant, ridge is east-west, row spacing 1.0-1.2m's, the high 6-10cm in ridge, row spacing 40-60cm; The capable kind ball of every ridge plantation 4-5, planting depth 2-5cm;
(5) plantation step: in annual 1-10 day kind in November, plant ball, after kind, water one time permeable, according to every mu rushing, execute ferrous sulfate 500-750g and 1000-1500g50% phoxim granule.1-10 in December day ridge face covers straw mat, removes straw mat fastener roof insulating simultaneously 20-31 day January in next year, and 1-10 day in March is removed roof insulating, increases the soil that 2-5cm is thick around plant simultaneously, and this soil adopts clayed soil; Digging kind ball after plant is withered.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, fertilizer application norm is: every mu of ground 8m
3cow dung.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the standard of ploughing is: plough deeply 30cm.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, be the opportunity of planting ball rip cutting: August 13 planted ball and complete the time of flower bud differentiation under climate in china condition.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, mixes wet fine sand kind plant ball with the carbendazim solution of 0.125wt%, is placed under the natural environment of air humidity 80%; Or with the carbendazim solution of 0.833wt%, mix wet fine sand kind and plant ball, be placed under the natural environment of air humidity 90%.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, ferrous sulfate 500g and 1000g50% phoxim granule are executed in every mu of ground punching; Or ferrous sulfate 750g and 1500g50% phoxim granule are executed in every mu of ground punching.
7. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, be that the mean ground temperature at 10-15cm soil layer place is below 9 ℃ the preferred opportunity of open country plantation.
8. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the preferred thickness of described straw mat is 5-10cm.
9. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the specification of described roof insulating is bamboo frame structure, the high 1.2m of canopy, the wide 1.5m of canopy.When temperature surpasses 25 ℃ in canopy, carry out both sides ventilation.
10. a claim 1-9 processing method, it is characterized in that, November, 1-10 day kind was planted ball, napiform root system grows to 10-15 centimetre by the end of December, mid or late Febuary in next year, kind ball started rudiment, and bloom March, at the beginning of 6 months with regard to digging kind ball, the plant strain growth phase of Holland Narcissus has extended 1 month than outdoor cropping, and each plant can obtain 10-20 Zhou Jing in the little bulbec of Holland Narcissus of 5-8cm left and right.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104350922A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-02-18 | 刘瑞华 | Narcissus potting method |
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2013
- 2013-10-12 CN CN201310488923.1A patent/CN103548510B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
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| JPS6156022A (en) * | 1984-08-23 | 1986-03-20 | 協和醗酵工業株式会社 | Propagation of bulb by plant tissue culture |
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| CN103238457A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-08-14 | 常熟市佳盛农业科技发展有限公司 | Method for utilizing narcissus flakes to cultivate young narcissus balls |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104350922A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-02-18 | 刘瑞华 | Narcissus potting method |
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