CN103539325B - 含油污泥处理方法和系统 - Google Patents
含油污泥处理方法和系统 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103539325B CN103539325B CN201210237039.6A CN201210237039A CN103539325B CN 103539325 B CN103539325 B CN 103539325B CN 201210237039 A CN201210237039 A CN 201210237039A CN 103539325 B CN103539325 B CN 103539325B
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- oily sludge
- dehydration
- oily
- carried
- sludge
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Barium sulfate Chemical compound 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Abstract
本发明提供一种含油污泥的处理方法，包括：对含油污泥依次进行流化、破碎、均质处理、离心脱水、第一级脱水和第二级脱水，第一级脱水是在第一温度下进行的水分和油份的蒸发，第二级脱水是在大于第一温度的第二温度下以蒸馏方式进行的固液分离。还提供一种含油污泥处理系统，包括：流化罐，具有流化出口；破碎机，具有与流化出口连通的破碎原料入口、破碎出口；均质罐，具有与破碎出口连通的均质原料入口、和均质出口；离心机，具有与均质出口连通的供料口、以及第一排出口；二级脱水装置，与第一排出口连通。本发明将含油污泥中的油份、水分蒸发出来且不改变原油的物性，同时降低含油污泥经本发明方法处理后的含水率。
Description
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种含油污泥处理方法和系统。
背景技术
[0002] 含油污泥是指原油或成品油混入泥土或其他介质，其中的油份不能直接回收而可 能造成环境污染的多种形态的混合物。含油污泥按来源可分为三种不同类型：
[0003] (1)钻井污泥
[0004] 钻井污泥主要源自钻井完井作业过程中的废弃钻井完井液，岩肩，钻井设备运行、 维修产生的少量的废弃润滑油以及作业废水与井场地表泥土砂粒的混合物。钻井污泥含油 量较低、粘度大、颗粒细、脱水难，处理难度大，严重影响生态环境。
[0005] (2)油田采油、集输过程产生含油污泥
[0006] 油田采油过程中产生的含油污泥主要来自试采放喷、酸化、压裂、维修作业、管线 穿孔而产生的落地原油及含油污泥。集输系统含油污泥主要来源于接转站、联合站的油 罐、沉降罐、污水罐、隔油池、轻烃加工厂、天然气净化装置清除出来的油沙、油泥，油品储罐 在储存油品时，油品中的少量机械杂质、沙粒、泥土、重金属盐类以及石蜡和沥青质等重油 性组分沉积在油罐底部，形成罐底油泥。这类污泥的含油率在10~40%之间，含水率在 40%~90%之间。
[0007] (3)炼油厂含油污泥
[0008] 炼油厂的含油污泥主要来源于污水处理站隔油池底泥、浮选池浮渣、原油罐底泥 等，俗称"三泥"。这些含油污泥组成各异，通常含油率在10 %~50 %之间，含水率在40 %~ 90 %之间，同时伴有一定量的固体。
[0009] 我国石油、石化行业中，平均每年产生的钻井污泥、罐底泥、池底泥等各种含油污 泥达上百万吨。根据《国家危险废物名录》（编号HW08)规定，油田含油污泥属于危险废物 管理的范围。《国家清洁生产促进法》要求必须对含油污泥进行无害化处理。含油污泥的污 染治理技术已日益引起各级领导的重视。因此，
[0010] 从环境保护和回收能源，以及清洁生产的角度出发，加大处理含油污泥的力度，寻 找一种经济有效的适合油田含油污泥的处理及利用技术，开展含油污泥无害化处理十分必 要，污泥资源化利用将是今后最终处置的根本方式。
[0011] 2、含油污泥处理方法
[0012] 目前国内一般处理含油污泥的方法有：焚烧法、生物处理法、自然干化法、化学热 洗法等。
[0013] 焚烧法是经过预先脱水浓缩预处理后的含油污泥，送至焚烧炉进行焚烧，温度 800~850°C，经30min焚烧即可完毕，焚烧后的灰渣需进一步处理。焚烧处理法优点是污 泥经焚烧后，多种有害物几乎全部除去，减少了对环境的危害，废物减容效果好，处理比较 安全，缺点是耗能大，焚烧过程中产生了二次污染，油资源没有得到回收利用，浪费了宝贵 的资源；
[0014] 生物处理法需将含油污泥进行生物降解，历时较长，同样油资源没有得到回收利 用；自然干化法依靠蒸发脱水，占地面积大，易产生二次污染。
[0015] 化学热洗对含油量较高、乳化较轻的落地原油和油砂的原油回收处理应用较多。 分离后的污泥残渣含水量大于90%且含有大量的化学药剂，须进一步浓缩脱水处理，处理 成本较高，自动化程度低，工艺流程冗长、复杂，机械故障隐患较多。
[0016] 可见尽管处理的方法很多，但都由于投资、处理后残留有毒有害物质含量超标以 及运行成本高等原因，含油污泥处理问题一直没有在国内规模应用。
[0017] 例如，申请号为200710145460. 3的中国专利公开了一种现有的含油污泥处理方 法。
发明内容
[0018] 针对相关技术中存在的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种含油污泥处理方法和系 统，以将含油污泥中的油份、水分蒸发出来，同时降低含油污泥经本发明方法处理后的含水 率（重量百分比）。
[0019] 为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种含油污泥的处理方法，其特征在于，包括：对 含油污泥依次进行流化、破碎和均质处理；对均质处理后的含油污泥进行离心脱水，以产生 离心脱水后的含油污泥和与离心脱水后的含油污泥分离开的含油污水；对离心脱水后的含 油污泥依次进行第一级脱水和第二级脱水，其中，第一级脱水是在第一温度下进行的水分 和油份的蒸发，第二级脱水是在大于第一温度的第二温度下以蒸馏方式进行的固液分离。
[0020] 优选地，所述的均质处理后的含油污泥中污泥粒径小于2mm，第一温度小于等于 60°C，第二温度小于等于350°C。
[0021] 优选地，本发明方法还包括：对含油污水进行油水分离。
[0022] 优选地，本发明方法还包括：在破碎处理之后和均质处理之前，向经破碎处理后的 含油污泥中加入加重剂；在均质处理后和离心脱水之前，向经均质处理后的含油污泥中加 入絮凝剂。
[0023] 优选地，加重剂为滑石粉、重晶石、熟石灰中任一种，絮凝剂为PAM。
[0024] 优选地，对第一级脱水时蒸发产生的油份和水分、以及对第二级脱水时蒸馏出的 油份和水分均进行冷凝回收。
[0025] 优选地，本发明方法中的所有步骤均是在密闭的真空条件下进行的。
[0026] 优选地，本发明方法中的所有步骤均是在蒸汽保护下进行的。
[0027] 另一方面，本发明还提供一种含油污泥处理系统，包括：对含油污泥进行流化处理 的流化罐，具有供含油污泥进入的入口、和供流化处理后含油污泥排出的流化出口；对流化 后的含油污泥进行破碎处理的破碎机，具有与流化出口连通的破碎原料入口、和供破碎后 含油污泥输出的破碎出口；将破碎后的含油污泥进行均质处理的均质罐，具有与破碎出口 连通的均质原料入口、和供均质处理后含油污泥输出的均质出口；将均质处理后的含油污 泥进行离心脱水处理的离心机，具有与均质出口连通的供料口、以及供离心脱水后产生的 污泥排出的第一排出口；将离心脱水后产生的污泥依次进行第一级脱水和第二级脱水处理 的二级脱水装置，与第一排出口连通。
[0028] 本发明的有益技术效果在于：
[0029] 由于本发明含油污泥的处理方法为热解处理，并且包括：对含油污泥依次进行流 化、破碎、均质、离心脱水、第一级脱水、第二级脱水，从而将含油污泥中的油份、水分蒸发出 来，同时降低含油污泥经本发明方法处理后的含水率。
[0030] 另外，本发明方法在破碎处理之后和均质处理之前向含油污泥中加入加重剂，从 而便于均质处理。
[0031] 本发明方法还在均质处理后和离心脱水之前向含油污泥中加入絮凝剂，以利于含 油污泥的脱水。例如，在一个实施例中，离心脱水后含油污泥的含水率低于70 % (重量百分 比）。所加入的絮凝剂，要根据均质处理后含油污泥中含炭黑的情形而定。
[0032] 本发明的含油污泥处理系统在实施本发明方法时能够取得上述效果。
附图说明
[0033] 图1是本发明含油污泥处理方法的一个实施例的流程图；
[0034]图2是本发明系统中所采用的一个深度脱水装置的一个示例。
具体实施方式
[0035] 以下参见附图描述本发明具体实施例。
[0036] 参见图1，本发明含油污泥的处理方法包括以下步骤：
[0037] S1 :对含油污泥依次进行流化处理；
[0038]S2:对流化处理后的含油污泥进行破碎；
[0039]S3 :对破碎后的含油污泥进行均质处理，优选地，均质处理后的含油污泥中污泥粒 径可以小于2mm;
[0040]S4:对均质处理后的含油污泥进行离心脱水，以产生离心脱水后的含油污泥和与 离心脱水后的污泥分离开的含油污水；
[0041]S5 :对离心脱水后产生的含油污泥进行第一级脱水处理，以蒸发掉部分油分（轻 质油）和水分；
[0042] S6 :对经第一级脱水处理后的含油污泥进行第二级脱水处理，以通过蒸馏方式实 现固液分离的目的。
[0043] 上述S5和S6步骤在本发明中合在一起称之为深度脱水处理步骤（S7)。
[0044] 经本发明方法处理后的含油污泥，达到如下要求：⑴处理后残渣（第二级脱水处 理完毕后所产生的残渣）含水< 1%; (2)处理后残渣含油< 2%，符合《废矿物油回收利用 污染控制技术规范》（HJ607-2011)中有关规定。
[0045] 进一步，对于步骤S4产生的含油污水，可以进入油田的污水处理系统进行处理， 或用油水分离设备进行油水分离。对于步骤S5的第一级脱水时蒸发产生的油份和水分、以 及对步骤S6的第二级脱水时蒸馏出的油份和水分均进行冷凝回收，对回收的水可以循环 使用；本发明中经第二级脱水处理后产生的固体残渣，可用于建筑材料、筑路或用于绿化培 土，从而，本发明处理方法还能够实现资源回收和环境保护的双重效益。
[0046] 作为进一步的优选方式，本发明步骤S5中第一温度，是通过蒸汽或导热油对离心 脱水后的含油污泥进行间接加热获得的；本发明步骤S6中第二温度，是通过蒸汽或导热油 对经第一级脱水处理后的含油污泥进行间接加热获得的。因此，本发明可以以蒸汽为热源。
[0047] 应该理解，上述第一级脱水是在第一温度下进行的水分和油份的蒸发，上述第二 级脱水是在大于第一温度的第二温度下以蒸馏方式进行的固液分离，第一温度和第二温度 均为减压状态下的馏分温度，所谓减压状态是指第一级和第二级脱水进行时的压力状态， 这种减压状态可以是由于对第一级和第二级脱水装置采用真空栗而导致的，此时减压状态 即为第一级和第二级脱水装置中基本为真空状态；馏分温度是指在此温度下含油污泥中的 水分和油份能够蒸发出来。在一个实例中，第一温度小于等于60°C，所以本发明能实现低温 条件下的物料脱水干化处理，而第二级脱水中的第二温度小于等于350°C。但是，对于一般 的废液或市政污泥，在进行第一脱水时所采用的第一温度可以小于40°C。
[0048] 继续参见图1，为了便于含油污泥的均质处理、和加快离心脱水时污泥的脱水，本 发明方法还包括以下步骤：
[0049] S8 :在破碎处理之后和均质处理之前向含油污泥中加入加重剂，即步骤S8是在步 骤S2之后和步骤S3之前进行的，其中加重剂为滑石粉、重晶石、熟石灰中任一种；
[0050] S9 :在均质处理后和离心脱水之前向含油污泥中加入絮凝剂，即步骤S9是在步骤 S3之后和步骤S4之前进行的，絮凝剂用以使污泥中的被束缚水成为自由水更容易去除，絮 凝剂可用例如PAM等。
[0051] 为了满足清洁生产的需要，本发明方法中所有步骤均是在密闭的真空条件下进行 的；以及，为了提高了本发明方法的可靠性、安全性，本发明方法中所有步骤是在蒸汽保护 下进行的。
[0052]为进一步理解本发明方法，以下表格使出了本发明含油污泥处理方法与现有技术 中其他处理方法的比较图：
[0053]
[0054]显然，本发明处理方法完全符合减量化、无害化、资源化的原则。适用于处理石油 开采、集输、炼化及含油污水处理过程中产生的各种含油污泥。
[0055] 总之，本发明方法可以用于与对各类含油污泥进行无害化处理，并有效地回收原 油且不改变油品的物性（原油的物性），实现了污泥处理的资源化；本发明最终可将含油 污泥的含水率降至1 %以下（即使是对于含水率99%以下的污泥，也能干化至含水率小于 1 % )，体积缩小20倍以上，有效地实现了污泥处理的减量化；本发明还采用了高效的余热 回收技术，可节约20%以上的燃料消耗；污泥处理过程中的噪声、有毒有害气体、恶臭气体 的排放均符合国家环保要求，不产生二次污染，处理后的残渣各项指标均符合国家环保要 求，可直接还田或他用，实现了污泥处理的无害化；用以实施本发明方法的系统采用了人性 化设计，自动化程度高，可远程监控运行，提高了生产效率，降低了劳动强度，减少了运行成 本。
[0056]另一方面，本发明还提供了实施本发明方法的系统-含油污泥处理系统，其包括： 对含油污泥进行流化处理的流化罐、对流化罐排出的流化后含油污泥进行破碎的破碎机、 对破碎机排出的破碎后含油污泥进行均质处理的均质罐、对均质罐排出的均质处理后的含 油污泥进行离心脱水的离心机、对离心脱水后产生的含油污泥依次进行第一级脱水和第二 级脱水的深度脱水装置；以及，将污泥池中含油污泥栗入流化罐中的第一栗，将破碎处理后 的含油污泥栗入均质罐的第二栗，将均质罐中均质处理后的含油污泥栗入离心机中的第三 栗，储存离心脱水处理后产生的离心脱水后的含油污泥的料斗，深度脱水装置的处理对象 可来自上述料斗。
[0057] 其中，流化罐具有供含油污泥进入的入口、和供流化处理后含油污泥排出的流化 出口；破碎机具有与流化出口连通的破碎原料入口、和供破碎后含油污泥输出的破碎出口； 均质罐具有与破碎出口连通的均质原料入口、和供均质处理后含油污泥输出的均质出口； 离心机具有与均质出口连通的供料口、以及供离心脱水后产生的污泥排出的第一排出口； 二级脱水装置具有与第一排出口连通的入口，以使离心脱水处理后产生的含油污泥由该入 口进入后，能够依次进行第一级脱水和第二级脱水。
[0058] 上述的二次脱水装置，在本发明中称之为深度脱水装置，其实质是两个串联的完 全相同的脱水装置，为简化起见，图2仅示出了深度脱水装置中的一个脱水装置。显然，另 一同样的脱水装置的入口是与图2示出的脱水装置的残渣出口 10连通的，以保证第一级脱 水和第二级脱水能够先后依次进行。具体地，参见图2 :含油污泥通过物料进口 1进入蒸馏 釜2,低温蒸汽或高温蒸汽通过蒸汽进口进入蒸馏釜2给物料加热。物料在蒸馏釜2内气化 为油水混合物，油水混合物进第一换热器3进行初次换热冷凝，第一换热器3有供冷水流入 和流出的管道，以达到冷却的目的；视窗4为一透明窗口，与视窗连接有用于排出第一换热 器3冷却的水的第一管道11、和与视窗连接有用于排出剩余油水混合气体的第二管道12。 第一换热器3排出的水通过第一管道11排入缓冲水罐7,剩余的油水混合气体通过第二管 道12进入第二换热器5冷却（其原理和第一换热器3相同），经第二换热器5冷却后的油 水混合液体经射流器6射入缓冲水罐7,混合液体之所以可以射入缓冲水罐7,是因为真空 栗9使缓冲水罐7内的压力减小，混合液体才能射入缓冲水罐7 ;由于整个结构均为密封连 接，所以真空栗同时可以使整个装置都处于基本真空状态。缓冲水罐7中的油水混合物达 到一定高度后，水栗8将多余的油水混合物排走。
[0059] 显然，图2可以用作上述用以实现第一级脱水时的脱水装置（简称第一级脱水装 置），可根据物料再串联相同的另一脱水装置以实现第二级脱水（简称第二级脱水装置）， 即，第二级脱水装置的物料入口1与第一级脱水装置的残渣出口相连。
[0060] 另外，为了实施前述本发明方法中加入加重剂和絮凝剂的步骤，采用溶药罐即可 实现。
[0061] 本发明系统人性化设计，自动化程度高，可远程监控运行，提高了生产效率，降低 了劳动强度，减少了运行成本。
[0062] 以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技 术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修 改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1. 一种含油污泥的处理方法，其特征在于，包括： 对所述含油污泥依次进行流化、破碎和均质处理； 对均质处理后的含油污泥进行离心脱水，以产生离心脱水后的含油污泥和与所述离心 脱水后的含油污泥分离开的含油污水； 对所述离心脱水后的含油污泥依次进行第一级脱水和第二级脱水， 其中，所述第一级脱水是在第一温度下进行的水分和油份的蒸发，所述第二级脱水是 在大于所述第一温度的第二温度下以蒸馏方式进行的固液分离； 其中，在所述破碎处理之后和所述均质处理之前，向经所述破碎处理后的含油污泥中 加入加重剂； 在所述均质处理后和所述离心脱水之前，向经所述均质处理后的含油污泥中加入絮凝 剂。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于， 所述的均质处理后的含油污泥中污泥粒径小于2mm，所述第一温度小于等于60°C，所 述第二温度小于等于350°C。
3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括： 对所述含油污水进行油水分离。
4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于， 所述加重剂为滑石粉、重晶石、熟石灰中任一种，所述絮凝剂为PAM。
5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于， 对所述第一级脱水时蒸发产生的油份和水分、以及对所述第二级脱水时蒸馏出的油份 和水分均进行冷凝回收。
6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于， 所述方法中的所有步骤均是在密闭的真空条件下进行的。
7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于， 所述方法中的所有步骤均是在蒸汽保护下进行的。
8. -种含油污泥处理系统，其特征在于，包括： 对所述含油污泥进行流化处理的流化罐，具有供含油污泥进入的入口、和供流化处理 后含油污泥排出的流化出口； 对流化后的含油污泥进行破碎处理的破碎机，具有与所述流化出口连通的破碎原料入 口、和供破碎后含油污泥输出的破碎出口； 将破碎后的含油污泥进行均质处理的均质罐，具有与所述破碎出口连通的均质原料入 口、和供均质处理后含油污泥输出的均质出口； 将均质处理后的含油污泥进行离心脱水处理的离心机，具有与所述均质出口连通的供 料口、以及供离心脱水后产生的污泥排出的第一排出口； 将所述离心脱水后产生的污泥依次进行第一级脱水和第二级脱水处理的二级脱水装 置，与所述第一排出口连通。
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| CN105524643A (zh) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-04-27 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | 一种含油污泥提取石油的装置 |
| CN105621853A (zh) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-06-01 | 海乐分离设备工程（无锡）有限公司 | 一种炼油厂三泥处理系统 |
| CN105967494A (zh) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-09-28 | 山东成泰化工有限公司 | 一种石化污泥的脱水方法 |
| CN109502950A (zh) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-03-22 | 广州云轩环保工程有限公司 | 一种污泥脱水的处理工艺 |
| CN110204163A (zh) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-09-06 | 上海优华系统集成技术股份有限公司 | 一种污泥脱水预处理系统、采用其的联合回收系统及方法 |
| CN110937770A (zh) * | 2019-11-24 | 2020-03-31 | 安洁士环保（上海）股份有限公司 | 一种含油污泥减量化处理工艺 |
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| CN102212403A (zh) * | 2011-05-13 | 2011-10-12 | 江苏欣法环保科技有限公司 | 一种制备污泥成型燃料的方法及装置 |
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| CN102212403A (zh) * | 2011-05-13 | 2011-10-12 | 江苏欣法环保科技有限公司 | 一种制备污泥成型燃料的方法及装置 |
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