CN103531913B - Hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna capable of feeding four radiation slots in phase. The antenna includes a dielectric substrate, an upper surface metal layer, and a lower surface metal layer. A T-shaped co-ground coplanar waveguide input end is etched on the upper surface metal layer, and four parallel rectangular radiation slots are etched on the lower surface metal layer. , the input end of the T-shaped coplanar waveguide straddles the first rectangular radiation slot, and the distance between the bend of the input end of the T-shaped coplanar waveguide and the reference line is that of the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity 1/3 of the distance from the cavity center to the reference line can excite the TM ₃₁₀ mode field distribution in the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity near the center operating frequency, and use the central hexagonal through hole array to integrate the hexagonal substrate The low-order resonance mode inside the waveguide cavity is suppressed, so as to realize the in-phase feeding of four parallel rectangular radiation slots. It is suitable for popularization and application in the field of antenna technology.

Description

Hexagonal Substrate Integrated Waveguide Slot Antenna

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of microwave and millimeter wave antennas, in particular to a hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna.

Background technique

The traditional metal waveguide cavity slot antenna has the advantages of narrow main lobe width, high radiation efficiency, high gain and fixed beam pointing, etc., and is widely used in microwave and millimeter wave radar and communication systems. A complete metal waveguide cavity slot antenna system is composed of multiple metal waveguides. Slits are etched on the wall of some of the waveguides whose terminals are short-circuited to form a radiation unit, and the other part of the waveguides is used as a feed network. However, the traditional metal waveguide cavity slot antenna also has problems such as difficult design, large volume, heavy weight, high cost, and difficulty in processing and planar integration.

The propagation characteristics of the substrate-integrated waveguide are similar to those of the rectangular metal waveguide. The hexagonal substrate-integrated waveguide slot antenna formed by the substrate-integrated waveguide technology has similar performance to the traditional metal waveguide cavity slot antenna. However, the resonance mode excited by the existing hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna is generally low, resulting in fewer radiation slots. Generally, there is only one slot, and it is impossible to feed multiple radiation slots in the same phase, and the excitation of high-order modes is difficult and difficult. Susceptible to interference patterns, it is difficult to obtain high gain and ideal pattern.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna capable of feeding four radiation slots in phase.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna includes a dielectric substrate and an upper surface metal layer and a lower surface metal layer arranged on the surface of the dielectric substrate. There is a peripheral metallized through-hole array that runs through the dielectric substrate. The peripheral metallized through-hole array together with the upper surface metal layer and the lower surface metal layer together form a hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity. The center of the chip integrated waveguide cavity is provided with a central hexagonal through-hole array composed of a plurality of metallized through-holes, a T-shaped co-ground coplanar waveguide input port is etched on the upper surface metal layer, and a T-shaped co-ground coplanar waveguide input end is etched on the lower surface metal layer. The eclipse has four rectangular radiation slots parallel to the end of the input end of the T-shaped coplanar waveguide, which are the first rectangular radiation slot, the second rectangular radiation slot, the third rectangular radiation slot, and the fourth rectangular radiation slot. The first The first rectangular radiation slot and the third rectangular radiation slot are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the central hexagonal through-hole array, the second rectangular radiation slot and the fourth rectangular radiation slot are respectively located on the left and right sides of the central hexagonal through-hole array, so The input end of the T-shaped coplanar waveguide crosses the first rectangular radiation gap, and the distance between the bend of the input end of the T-shaped coplanar waveguide and the reference line is the cavity of the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity 1/3 of the distance from the center to the reference line, the reference line is parallel to the first rectangular radiating slot and passes through the center of the metallized through hole located below the first rectangular radiating slot.

Further, the distance from the bend of the input end of the T-shaped co-ground coplanar waveguide to the reference line is 1/3 of the distance from the cavity center of the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity to the reference line.

Further, the circumscribed circle radius of the central hexagonal through hole array is 1/3 of the circumscribed circle radius of the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity.

Further, the height of the hexagonal substrate-integrated waveguide cavity is one twenty-seventh of the vacuum wavelength corresponding to the central operating frequency of the antenna.

Further, the slot width and slot length of the first rectangular radiation slot, the second rectangular radiation slot, the third rectangular radiation slot and the fourth rectangular radiation slot are all the same.

Further, the dielectric substrate is a Rogers 5880 dielectric board with a relative permittivity of 2.2 and a thickness of 0.508 mm.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: by setting a central hexagonal through hole array composed of a plurality of metallized through holes in the center of the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity, a T-shaped common ground is etched on the upper surface metal layer At the input end of the coplanar waveguide, four rectangular radiation slots parallel to the end of the input end of the T-shaped coplanar waveguide are etched on the metal layer on the lower surface, which are respectively the first rectangular radiation slot, the second rectangular radiation slot, and the third rectangular radiation slot. The radiation slot and the fourth rectangular radiation slot, the first rectangular radiation slot and the third rectangular radiation slot are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the central hexagonal through-hole array, the second rectangular radiation slot and the fourth rectangular radiation slot are respectively located in the center On the left and right sides of the hexagonal through-hole array, the input end of the T-shaped common-ground coplanar waveguide crosses the first rectangular radiation gap, and the distance between the bend of the input end of the T-shaped common-ground coplanar waveguide and the reference line is The cavity center of the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity is 1/3 of the distance from the reference line, and the planar microstrip circuit structure and the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity structure can be realized by using the T-shaped co-ground coplanar waveguide input end transition and impedance matching, and stimulate the TM ₃₁₀ mode field distribution in the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity near the central operating frequency, and use the central hexagonal through-hole array to control the low frequency inside the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity First-order resonant mode can be suppressed to suppress interference resonant mode, and it can better excite TM ₃₁₀ mode field distribution, thereby realizing in-phase feeding to four mutually parallel rectangular radiation slots, and the present invention adopts hexagonal The substrate-integrated waveguide cavity has both the high Q value of the circular cavity and the flexible combination of the rectangular cavity design. The hexagonal substrate-integrated waveguide slot antenna can be used as an antenna unit to realize flexible arrangement with adjacent units. combination, thereby reducing the area of the antenna array. In addition, the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna can be manufactured by mature PCB technology, and has the characteristics of low cost, high precision, good repeatability, easy processing, and easy planar integration. Mass production can be realized.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a side view of the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of geometric dimensions of the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a simulation diagram of the TM ₃₁₀ mode electric field distribution in the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity of the present invention at 22 GHz for the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna;

Fig. 5 is the test result of the reflection coefficient of the input end of the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the test result of the radiation pattern of the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna of the present invention at 22 GHz on the E plane and the H plane, the solid line is the E plane, and the dotted line is the H plane;

Explanation of marks in the figure: dielectric substrate 1, upper surface metal layer 2, lower surface metal layer 3, central hexagonal through-hole array 4, hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity 5, T-shaped co-ground coplanar waveguide input end 6. The first rectangular radiation slot 7 , the second rectangular radiation slot 8 , the third rectangular radiation slot 9 , and the fourth rectangular radiation slot 10 .

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna includes a dielectric substrate 1 and an upper surface metal layer 2 and a lower surface metal layer 3 arranged on the surface of the dielectric substrate 1. There is a peripheral metallized through-hole array that runs through the dielectric substrate 1, and the peripheral metallized through-hole array together with the upper surface metal layer 2 and the lower surface metal layer 3 forms a hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity 5. The center of the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity 5 is provided with a central hexagonal through-hole array 4 composed of a plurality of metallized through-holes, and a T-shaped co-ground coplanar waveguide input end is etched on the upper surface metal layer 2 6. Four rectangular radiation slots are etched on the lower surface metal layer 3 respectively parallel to the end of the input end 6 of the T-shaped co-ground coplanar waveguide, which are respectively the first rectangular radiation slot 7, the second rectangular radiation slot 8, and the third rectangular radiation slot. The rectangular radiation slot 9 and the fourth rectangular radiation slot 10, the first rectangular radiation slot 7 and the third rectangular radiation slot 9 are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the central hexagonal through-hole array 4, the second rectangular radiation slot 8, the third rectangular radiation slot The four rectangular radiation slots 10 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the central hexagonal through-hole array 4, the T-shaped common ground coplanar waveguide input end 6 crosses the first rectangular radiation slot 7, and the T-shaped common ground coplanar waveguide input end The distance between the bend of 6 and the reference line is 1/3 of the distance from the cavity center of the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity 5 to the reference line, and the reference line is parallel to the first rectangular radiation slot 7 and passes through The center of the metallized through hole located below the first rectangular radiation slot 7 . By setting a central hexagonal through-hole array 4 composed of a plurality of metallized through-holes in the center of the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity 5, a T-shaped co-ground coplanar waveguide is etched on the upper surface metal layer 2 The input end 6 is etched on the lower surface metal layer 3 with four rectangular radiation slots parallel to the end of the input end 6 of the T-shaped common-ground coplanar waveguide, which are respectively the first rectangular radiation slot 7, the second rectangular radiation slot 8, The third rectangular radiation slot 9 and the fourth rectangular radiation slot 10, the first rectangular radiation slot 7 and the third rectangular radiation slot 9 are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the central hexagonal through-hole array 4, and the second rectangular radiation slot 8 1. The fourth rectangular radiation slot 10 is respectively located on the left and right sides of the central hexagonal through-hole array 4, the T-shaped common-ground coplanar waveguide input end 6 straddles the first rectangular radiation slot 7, and the T-shaped common-ground coplanar waveguide The distance between the bend of the input end 6 and the reference line is 1/3 of the distance from the center of the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity 5 to the reference line, and the T-shaped coplanar waveguide input end 6 can Realize the transition and impedance matching between the planar microstrip circuit structure and the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity 5 structure, and stimulate the TM ₃₁₀ mode field distribution in the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity 5 near the central operating frequency, and utilize The central hexagonal through-hole array 4 suppresses the low-order resonance modes inside the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity 5, plays a role in suppressing interference resonance modes, and can better stimulate the TM ₃₁₀ mode field distribution, In this way, the in-phase feed to four mutually parallel rectangular radiation slots is realized, and the present invention adopts the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity 5, which has the characteristics of high Q value of the circular cavity and flexible design and combination of the rectangular cavity, and can The hexagonal substrate-integrated waveguide slot antenna is used as an antenna unit to realize flexible arrangement and combination with adjacent units, thereby reducing the area of the antenna array. In addition, the hexagonal substrate-integrated waveguide slot antenna can adopt a mature PCB Technology manufacturing has the characteristics of low cost, high precision, good repeatability, easy processing, and easy plane integration, and can realize mass production and manufacturing.

In the above embodiment, in order to achieve the best effect of suppressing the interference resonant mode of the central hexagonal through-hole array 4, the radius of the circumscribed circle of the central hexagonal through-hole array 4 is the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity 1/3 of the radius of the circumscribed circle of body 5.

The height of the hexagonal substrate-integrated waveguide cavity 5 is one twenty-seventh of the vacuum wavelength corresponding to the central working frequency of the antenna, which can effectively suppress the gap structure of the T-shaped common-ground coplanar waveguide input end 6 at the corresponding The upper half space radiation at the frequency can also make the antenna have the characteristics of small size, low profile, light weight, high gain, high radiation efficiency and high isolation.

In addition, the slot width and slot length of the first rectangular radiation slot 7 , the second rectangular radiation slot 8 , the third rectangular radiation slot 9 , and the fourth rectangular radiation slot 10 are all the same. The first rectangular radiation slot 7, the second rectangular radiation slot 8, the third rectangular radiation slot 9, and the fourth rectangular radiation slot 10 are resonant radiation slots with the same central operating frequency, and they are surrounded by a hexagonal base near the central operating frequency. The TM ₃₁₀ mode field distribution in the chip integrated waveguide cavity 5 is fed in the same phase, which can improve the gain within the working bandwidth of the antenna.

Example

In this embodiment, the antenna works in the K-band, and the central operating frequency is 22 GHz. The dielectric substrate 1 is a Rogers 5880 dielectric board with a relative permittivity of 2.2 and a thickness of Hc=0.508 mm. The size of the antenna is shown in Figure 3, and the specific parameters are as follows: As shown in Figure 3, the specific dimensions of the antenna are: Rc=9.7mm, Lms=5.3mm, Wms=1.5mm, Lcpw1=4.15mm, Lcpw2=1mm, Gcpw=0.5mm, Ls=4.2mm, Ws=0.6mm, Os=1.4mm, Dv=1mm, Pv=1.4mm, Ov=1.15mm.

The antenna is at the central operating frequency of 22 GHz. The simulation results of the electric field distribution of the TM ₃₁₀ mode in the hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide cavity 5 are shown in Figure 4. It can be seen from the figure that the first rectangular radiation slot 7 and the second rectangular radiation slot 7 are at this time. The radiation slot 8, the third rectangular radiation slot 9, and the fourth rectangular radiation slot 10 are fed in the same phase; the test results of the reflection coefficient at the antenna input end are shown in Figure 5, and the relative bandwidth of -10dB is 0.88%, and the microstrip line transfer is effectively suppressed. Connected to the T-shaped common-ground coplanar waveguide input end 6, the slot structure at the corresponding frequency radiates in the upper half space; the antenna is at 22GHz, the maximum gain test result is 11.82dBi, and the E-plane and H-plane radiation pattern test results are as follows As shown in Figure 6, the half-power main lobe width test results of the E-plane and H-plane are 49° and 40° respectively.

Claims (5)

1. hexagon chip integrated waveguide slot antenna, comprise medium substrate (1) and be arranged on the upper surface metal level (2) on medium substrate (1) surface, lower surface metal layer (3), described upper surface metal level (2) is arranged on the upper surface of medium substrate (1), described lower surface metal layer (3) is arranged on the lower surface of medium substrate (1), described medium substrate (1) is provided with the peripheral metal via-hole array through medium substrate (1), described peripheral metal via-hole array and upper surface metal level (2), lower surface metal layer (3) surrounds a hexagon substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave (5) jointly, it is characterized in that: the central hexagonal via-hole array (4) being provided with multiple plated-through hole composition at the center of hexagon substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave (5), upper surface metal level (2) is etched with T-shaped co-planar waveguide input (6) altogether, lower surface metal layer (3) is etched with four parallel with the end of T-shaped co-planar waveguide input (6) altogether respectively rectangular radiation gaps, be respectively the first rectangular radiation gap (7), second rectangular radiation gap (8), 3rd rectangular radiation gap (9), 4th rectangular radiation gap (10), described first rectangular radiation gap (7), 3rd rectangular radiation gap (9) lays respectively at the both sides up and down of central hexagonal via-hole array (4), second rectangular radiation gap (8), 4th rectangular radiation gap (10) lays respectively at the left and right sides of central hexagonal via-hole array (4), described T-shaped altogether co-planar waveguide input (6) strides across the first rectangular radiation gap (7), the bending place of T-shaped co-planar waveguide input (6) altogether is that the chamber central of hexagon substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave (5) is to 1/3 of datum line distance to the distance between datum line, described datum line is parallel with the first rectangular radiation gap (7) and cross the center of plated-through hole being positioned at the first below, rectangular radiation gap (7), described T-shaped altogether co-planar waveguide input (6) is an elongated metal layer, and the both sides of this elongated metal layer are provided with a first rectangular gap, a second rectangular gap is respectively arranged with in the both sides of the T-shaped end of co-planar waveguide input (6) altogether, and the first rectangular gap end of T-shaped co-planar waveguide input (6) either side altogether is connected with the second rectangular gap head end is vertical.

2. hexagon chip integrated waveguide slot antenna as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the circumradius of described central hexagonal via-hole array (4) is 1/3 of the circumradius of hexagon substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave (5).

3. hexagon chip integrated waveguide slot antenna as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the height of described hexagon substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave (5) is 1/27th of the corresponding vacuum wavelength of center of antenna operating frequency.

4. according to the hexagon chip integrated waveguide slot antenna in claims 1 to 3 described in any one claim, it is characterized in that: the gap width in described first rectangular radiation gap (7), the second rectangular radiation gap (8), the 3rd rectangular radiation gap (9), the 4th rectangular radiation gap (10) is all identical with gap length.

5. hexagon chip integrated waveguide slot antenna as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: described medium substrate (1) adopts relative dielectric constant to be 2.2, and thickness is Rogers 5880 dielectric-slab of 0.508mm.