CN109659680B - Dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide - Google Patents
Dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide Download PDFInfo
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- CN109659680B CN109659680B CN201811507361.XA CN201811507361A CN109659680B CN 109659680 B CN109659680 B CN 109659680B CN 201811507361 A CN201811507361 A CN 201811507361A CN 109659680 B CN109659680 B CN 109659680B
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
- H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
- H01Q5/335—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors at the feed, e.g. for impedance matching
Abstract
The invention discloses a dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide, which comprises a dielectric substrate, wherein a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line which are mutually orthogonal are arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, an intersection point is positioned at the center point of the dielectric substrate, a gap radiation structure and an integrated waveguide cavity structure are arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, and the gap radiation structure is connected with the integrated waveguide cavity structure; the slot radiation structure is composed of four slot units with the same structure, and the four slot units are respectively positioned in four quadrants formed by two mutually orthogonal first microstrip lines and second microstrip lines; the slit unit is composed of a semicircular slit, a rectangular slit and two narrow circular arcs extending from the rectangular slit, and the semicircular slit is connected with the rectangular slit. The antenna has good radiation characteristics.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wireless communication, in particular to a dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide.
Background
With the development of society and the progress of science and technology, wireless communication plays an increasingly important role in the life of people, and antennas have also been rapidly developed as an indispensable part in wireless communication. On the one hand, a plurality of wireless communication systems coexist; on the other hand, in order to meet the requirement of the rf system for multiple frequency bands, the antenna needs to have multiple frequency characteristics. The multi-frequency antenna can meet the requirement of high-speed transmission of a large amount of information between people, and can enable one antenna to work in a plurality of communication system frequency bands, so that the number of antennas on a carrier is reduced, and miniaturization of communication equipment is realized. The IEEE 802.11n standard is defined by the IEEE official of 9 months 2009, which specifies: 2.4-2.4835GHz and 5.15-5.85GHz are wireless WiFi working frequency bands. WiFi is an important component of WLAN, and nowadays, wiFi technology has become an essential communication technology for life of people, and an antenna is an essential part of wireless communication, so it is very significant to study a dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna covering the above frequency band.
The substrate integrated waveguide technology is a novel waveguide structure which can be integrated in a dielectric substrate and has the characteristics of low insertion loss, low radiation and the like, and is realized by opening a periodical metallized through hole array on a low-loss dielectric substrate (such as an LTCC dielectric substrate) with metal layers on the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface. The substrate integrated waveguide structure can realize the traditional metal waveguide transmission characteristic on a medium substrate, has the advantages of low radiation, low insertion loss, high Q value, miniaturization, easy connection and the like, can effectively realize active and passive integration, adopts SIW to realize passive devices with high Q value such as a filter, a duplexer and the like, can manufacture the whole microwave millimeter wave system in a packaging structure, and enables the microwave millimeter wave system to be miniaturized, and the substrate integrated waveguide structure can be accurately realized by utilizing a PCB (printed circuit board) or LTCC (low temperature co-fired ceramic) process.
The differential antenna changes the single-port feed design of the traditional antenna, adopts double-feed ports, and directly inputs differential signals to the two feed ports. The differential antenna has the following advantages over the conventional antenna: 1) The differential signals output by the front end of the radio frequency are converted into single-port signals without using balun and other conversion devices, so that the loss of the signals at the input port can be effectively reduced, and the efficiency of the antenna is improved. 2) The differential antenna can be directly connected with a differential signal output by the radio frequency front-end system, so that the radio frequency front-end has higher integration level. 3) The dual-polarized antenna adopts differential feed, so that higher differential port isolation can be obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides a dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide.
The invention provides a dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna of a substrate integrated waveguide, which has a simple structure, high port isolation and convenient manufacturing realization by adopting a single-layer dielectric plate, two microstrip feeder lines, a gap structure and a substrate integrated waveguide cavity structure for combination.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide comprises a dielectric substrate, wherein a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line which are mutually orthogonal are arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, an intersection point is positioned at the center point of the dielectric substrate, a gap radiation structure and an integrated waveguide cavity structure are arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, and the gap radiation structure is connected with the integrated waveguide cavity structure;
the slot radiation structure is composed of four slot units with the same structure, and the four slot units are respectively positioned in four quadrants formed by two mutually orthogonal first microstrip lines and second microstrip lines;
the slit unit is composed of a semicircular slit, a rectangular slit and two narrow circular arcs extending from the rectangular slit, and the semicircular slit is connected with the rectangular slit.
The four gap units with the same structure are symmetrical with respect to the center point of the first microstrip line, the second microstrip line and the medium substrate.
The slot radiation structure further comprises a square slot, and four connection points of the square slot are vertexes of four semicircular slots respectively.
The invention also comprises two groups of externally connected SMA heads, wherein the inner conductors and the outer conductors of one group are respectively connected with the first microstrip line and the slit radiation structure to feed the slit to form vertical polarized electromagnetic waves;
the other group of the inner conductors and the outer conductors are respectively connected with the slot radiation structure and the second microstrip line to feed the slot to form the horizontally polarized electromagnetic wave.
The first microstrip line and the second microstrip line have the same structure size and are formed by connecting five sections of microstrip lines.
And a metallized via hole is arranged in the integrated waveguide cavity structure.
The two narrow circular arc gaps have the same size and the width of 0.02lambda 0 -0.15λ 0 The distance between the tail end of the narrow circular arc gap and the rectangular gap is 0.1lambda 0 -0.3λ 0 . Wherein lambda is 0 The free space wavelength corresponding to the center resonance frequency of the high-frequency band of the antenna.
The slot radiation structure is fed by differential signals, and differential signals with equal amplitude and 180-degree phase difference are directly fed.
The thickness of the dielectric substrate and the integrated waveguide cavity structure of the invention is 0.03lambda 0 -0.6λ 0 Wherein lambda is 0 The free space wavelength corresponding to the center resonance frequency of the high-frequency band of the antenna.
The length of the rectangular gap is 0.1λ 0 -0.3λ 0 The total width of the semicircular gap and the rectangular gap is 0.1lambda 0 -0.3λ 0 Wherein lambda is 0 The free space wavelength corresponding to the center resonance frequency of the high-frequency band of the antenna.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna of the substrate integrated waveguide completely covers a WIFI frequency band, the port isolation is more than 40dB, the radiation pattern is kept stable, the structure is simple, the section is low, the processing is easy, the integration is easy, and the dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna has good application prospect in the field of wireless communication;
(2) The rectangular gaps and the semicircular gaps in the gap radiation structure improve the coverage capacity of a high frequency band, and the narrow circular arc improves the coverage capacity of a low frequency band;
(3) The substrate integrated waveguide cavity structure effectively reduces the section height of the antenna;
(4) The differential feed port is symmetrical about the center of the antenna, and the isolation between ports is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the slot radiating structure of FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is a top view of the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line in fig. 1;
FIG. 6 is a substrate integrated waveguide cavity structure of FIG. 1;
fig. 7 is an impedance bandwidth of a dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna of the substrate integrated waveguide of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a port isolation of the dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna of the substrate integrated waveguide of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a radiation pattern of the XOZ plane of the dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna of the substrate integrated waveguide of the present invention at a frequency of 2.45 GHz;
fig. 10 is a radiation pattern of the XOZ plane of the dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna of the substrate integrated waveguide of the present invention at a frequency of 5.5 GHz.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1-6, a dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide comprises a dielectric substrate 1, wherein a first microstrip line 3a and a second microstrip line 3b which are mutually orthogonal are arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, an intersection point is located at the center point of the dielectric substrate, the first microstrip line can be regarded as an X-axis taking the center point of the dielectric substrate as an origin, and then the second microstrip line is located at a Y-axis. The lower surface of the medium substrate is provided with a gap radiation structure 2 and a substrate integrated waveguide cavity structure 5, and the gap radiation structure is positioned between the medium substrate and the substrate integrated waveguide cavity structure and is connected with the substrate integrated waveguide cavity structure.
The slot radiation structure is composed of four slot units with the same structure, the four slot units are uniformly arranged on a circle taking the center point of the medium substrate as the center of the circle, and the four slot units are specifically positioned in four quadrants formed by two mutually orthogonal first microstrip lines and second microstrip lines and are symmetrical about the center points of the first microstrip lines, the second microstrip lines and the medium substrate.
The slot unit is composed of a semicircular slot, a rectangular slot and two narrow circular arcs extending from the rectangular slot, the semicircular slot is connected with the rectangular slot, the semicircular arc of the semicircular slot faces the center point of the medium substrate, the diameter of the semicircular slot in the implementation is smaller than the length of the rectangular slot, the widths of the two narrow circular arcs are the same, and the two narrow circular arcs are separated by a certain distance to form a semicircular structure.
The seam isThe slot radiating structure further comprises a square slot, wherein four vertexes of the square slot are vertexes of four semicircular arcs respectively, so that the four radiating units are connected into a whole. The length w5 of the square slit is 0.05λ 0 -0.15λ 0 Wherein lambda is 0 The free space wavelength corresponding to the center resonance frequency of the high-frequency band of the antenna.
The substrate integrated waveguide cavity structure is internally provided with a metallized via hole 4, and the metallized via hole is connected with a metal layer where the gap radiation structure is positioned and the bottom of the integrated waveguide cavity structure.
The length and width height of the dielectric substrate are d1 x h1, and the substrate integrated waveguide cavity structure 5 is located below the dielectric substrate and is close to the dielectric substrate, and the size d2 x h2. Metallized via holes 4 in the substrate integrated waveguide cavity structure, the diameter range of the metallized via holes 4 is 0.005 lambda 0 -0.2λ 0 The relative dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 1 and the integrated waveguide cavity structure 5 ranges from 1 to 10, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate 1 and the integrated waveguide cavity structure 5 ranges from 0.03λ 0 -0.6λ 0 Wherein lambda is 0 The free space wavelength corresponding to the center resonance frequency of the high-frequency band of the antenna.
The first microstrip line 3a and the second microstrip line 3b are respectively formed by five sections of microstrip lines, the width and the length of the microstrip lines at the two ends are the same, the length and the width of the microstrip line connected with the microstrip line with the widest two ends are the same, and the microstrip line with the smallest width is positioned in the middle and is symmetrical about the center point of the dielectric substrate. The microstrip line from the edge of the medium substrate to the center point of the medium substrate has the width from large to small, and specifically consists of microstrip lines with the lengths of s1, s2, s3, s4 and s5 and the widths of g1, g2, g3, g4 and g5 respectively; the first microstrip line 3a is located on the X axis, the second microstrip line 3b is located on the Y axis, and the ranges of parameters of the first microstrip line 3a and the second microstrip line 3b are as follows: s1 is in the range of 0.1λ 0 -0.5λ 0 S2 is in the range of 0.1λ 0 -0.5λ 0 S3 is in the range of 0.2λ 0 -0.6λ 0 S4 is in the range of 0.2λ 0 -0.6λ 0 S5 is in the range of 0.2λ 0 -0.6λ 0 G1 is in the range of 0.01λ 0 -0.2λ 0 The g2 range is0.01λ 0 -0.2λ 0 G3 is in the range of 0.01λ 0 -0.2λ 0 The g4 range is 0.01λ 0 -0.2λ 0 The g5 range is 0.001 lambda 0 -0.1λ 0 。
The first microstrip line 3a constitutes an impedance matching circuit with the antenna, and the second microstrip line 3b constitutes an impedance matching circuit with the antenna.
The external SMA head is provided with two groups, and the inner conductor and the outer conductor of one group are respectively connected with the first microstrip line and the slit radiation structure to feed the slit of the slit radiation structure so as to form vertical polarized electromagnetic waves;
and the other group of inner and outer conductors respectively feed the seam by a seam radiation structure and a second microstrip line to form horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves.
The slot radiation structure is fed by differential signals, and differential signals with equal amplitude and 180-degree phase difference are directly fed.
The specific dimensions in this example are as follows:
referring to fig. 7, the dielectric substrate 1 and the substrate integrated waveguide cavity structure 5 have the relative dielectric constants of 3.48 and 3.55 and the thicknesses of 0.76mm and 4mm respectively; w1 in the slit radiation structure is 0.16λ 0 W2 is 0.19λ 0 W3 is 0.2λ 0 W4 is 0.04 lambda 0 W5 is 0.12λ 0 S1 is 0.17λ 0 S2 is 0.17λ 0 S3 is 0.27λ 0 S4 is 0.27λ 0 S5 is 0.27λ 0 G1 is 0.03λ 0 G2 is 0.03λ 0 G3 is 0.022 lambda 0 G4 is 0.022 lambda 0 G5 is 0.008 lambda 0 And the reflection coefficient and isolation frequency characteristic of the antenna are calculated by HFSS simulation software.
According to the results of fig. 7 and 8, it can be seen that the return loss of the substrate integrated waveguide dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna reaches-10 dB when the working frequency band is 2.4GHz-2.5GHz and 5.03GHz-5.88GHz, the isolation exceeds 40dB, and the substrate integrated waveguide dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna has the working characteristic of high isolation.
FIGS. 9 and 10 show the dielectric substrate area when the dielectric substrate area is 1.17λ 0 *1.17λ 0 Substrate integrated waveguide cavity areaWhen the working frequency of the antenna is 1.11λ0 and 1.11λ0, the antenna is obtained through simulation calculation by using HFSS software, and the antenna is in an XOZ plane and YOZ plane gain pattern when the working frequency is 2.45GHz and 5.5 GHz. As can be seen from fig. 9 and 10, the antenna has good radiation characteristics.
The embodiments described above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments described above, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide is characterized by comprising a dielectric substrate, wherein a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line which are mutually orthogonal are arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, an intersection point is positioned at the center point of the dielectric substrate, a gap radiation structure and an integrated waveguide cavity structure are arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, and the gap radiation structure is connected with the integrated waveguide cavity structure;
the slot radiation structure is composed of four slot units with the same structure, and the four slot units are respectively positioned in four quadrants formed by two mutually orthogonal first microstrip lines and second microstrip lines;
the slit unit consists of a semicircular slit, a rectangular slit and two narrow circular arcs extending from the rectangular slit, and the semicircular slit is connected with the rectangular slit;
the four gap units with the same structure are symmetrical about the center points of the first microstrip line, the second microstrip line and the dielectric substrate;
the slot radiation structure further comprises a square slot, and four connection points of the square slot are vertexes of four semicircular slots respectively;
the external SMA heads are provided with two groups, and the inner conductors and the outer conductors of one group are respectively connected with the first microstrip line and the slit radiation structure to feed the slit to form vertical polarized electromagnetic waves;
the other group of the inner conductors and the outer conductors are respectively connected with the slot radiation structure and the second microstrip line to feed the slot to form the horizontally polarized electromagnetic wave.
2. The dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line have the same structure size and are formed by connecting five sections of microstrip lines.
3. The dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein a metallized via is disposed within the integrated waveguide cavity structure.
4. The dual-frequency and dual-polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein the two narrow circular arc slots are the same size and have a width of 0.02λ 0 -0.15λ 0 The distance between the tail end of the narrow circular arc gap and the rectangular gap is 0.1lambda 0 -0.3λ 0， Wherein lambda is 0 The free space wavelength corresponding to the center resonance frequency of the high-frequency band of the antenna.
5. The dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein the slot radiating structure is fed by differential signals, directly feeding differential signals of equal amplitude and 180 degrees out of phase.
6. The dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein the dielectric substrate and integrated waveguide cavity structure have a thickness of 0.03λ 0 -0.6λ 0 Wherein lambda is 0 The free space wavelength corresponding to the center resonance frequency of the high-frequency band of the antenna.
7. The dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein the rectangular slot has a length of 0.1λ 0 -0.3λ 0 The total width of the semicircular gap and the rectangular gap is 0.1lambda 0 -0.3λ 0 Wherein lambda is 0 The free space wavelength corresponding to the center resonance frequency of the high-frequency band of the antenna.
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| CN201811507361.XA CN109659680B (en) | 2018-12-11 | 2018-12-11 | Dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110112549B (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2024-01-09 | 华南理工大学 | Differential feed three-frequency dual-polarized antenna |
| CN112436294B (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2022-03-01 | 东南大学 | Millimeter wave dual-frequency dual-polarization common-aperture antenna with high isolation and low profile |
| CN116759816B (en) * | 2023-01-13 | 2023-10-27 | 安徽大学 | Dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101183743A (en) * | 2007-11-12 | 2008-05-21 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Single feedback low profile back cavity dual-frequency bilinear polarization antenna |
| CN103531913A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-01-22 | 电子科技大学 | Hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna |
| CN108767437A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-11-06 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of differential bipolar antenna based on substrate integration wave-guide |
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2018
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101183743A (en) * | 2007-11-12 | 2008-05-21 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Single feedback low profile back cavity dual-frequency bilinear polarization antenna |
| CN103531913A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-01-22 | 电子科技大学 | Hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna |
| CN108767437A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-11-06 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of differential bipolar antenna based on substrate integration wave-guide |
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