CN110112549B - Differential feed three-frequency dual-polarized antenna - Google Patents

Differential feed three-frequency dual-polarized antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110112549B
CN110112549B CN201910455653.1A CN201910455653A CN110112549B CN 110112549 B CN110112549 B CN 110112549B CN 201910455653 A CN201910455653 A CN 201910455653A CN 110112549 B CN110112549 B CN 110112549B
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slot
gap
microstrip line
dielectric substrate
units
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CN110112549A (en
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李融林
王炫波
崔悦慧
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006Particular feeding systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0075Stripline fed arrays
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H01Q5/28Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/314Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
    • H01Q5/321Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors within a radiating element or between connected radiating elements

Abstract

The invention discloses a differential feed three-frequency dual-polarized antenna, which comprises a dielectric substrate and is characterized in that a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line which are mutually orthogonal are arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, an intersection point is positioned at the center point of the dielectric substrate, a gap radiation structure and a SIW back cavity structure are arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, and the gap radiation structure is positioned between the dielectric substrate and the SIW back cavity structure and is connected with the SIW back cavity structure; the slot radiation structure comprises four slot structure units and four pairs of parasitic slot units, and the four slot structure units and the four pairs of parasitic slot units are respectively positioned in four quadrants formed by the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line. The invention has simple structure, low profile, easy processing and integration, and has good application prospect in the fields of WiFi and 5G mobile communication.

Description

Differential feed three-frequency dual-polarized antenna
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wireless communication, in particular to a differential feed three-frequency dual-polarized antenna.
Background
In the last decade, the communication system is developed from a second generation mobile communication system (2G) and a third generation mobile communication system (3G) to a fourth generation mobile communication system (4G) nowadays, the communication technology is continuously innovated, and the communication system shows a trend of rapid and vigorous development. Antennas are the core components of a communication system, and their performance directly relates to the performance of the entire communication system. The multi-frequency antenna can solve the technical problems that the antenna in the prior art is large in size, single in frequency band and unfavorable for high integration of the system. The dual polarized antenna can effectively resist multipath fading of signals and is beneficial to improving communication capacity. Therefore, the dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna has wide application space in a wireless communication system. The differential antenna adopts the double-feed port, and has obvious advantages compared with the traditional antenna. The differential circuit can be directly connected with a differential circuit of a radio frequency system, so that balun and other conversion devices are avoided, meanwhile, the front end of the radio frequency has higher integration level, and electric fields formed by cross polarization currents of the differential antenna in a far field are mutually offset, so that the differential antenna has lower cross polarization. The Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) structure can realize the traditional metal waveguide transmission characteristic on a medium substrate, can effectively realize active and passive integration, and can be used for realizing passive devices with high Q values such as a filter, a duplexer and the like, and the whole microwave millimeter wave system can be manufactured in a packaging structure, so that the microwave millimeter wave system is miniaturized, and the Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) structure can be precisely realized by utilizing a PCB (printed circuit board) or LTCC (low temperature co-fired ceramic) process. Due to the excellent characteristics of SIW, it is widely used to design various antennas. The ieee802.11n standard proposed in 9 of 2009, 2.4-2.4835GHz and 5.15-5.85GHz are defined as wireless WiFi operating frequency bands. The WiFi technology has the advantages of high speed, wide coverage, high reliability and the like, and has important application value. With the continuous development of communication technology, the commercial use of the fifth generation mobile communication technology (5G) has been recently advanced, and according to the latest regulations of the national ministry of industry, the intermediate frequency of 5G mobile communication is defined between 3.3GHz-3.6GHz and 4.8GHz-5.0GHz; as the most important functional component in mobile communication, an antenna for 5G communication application has become a hot spot in recent years, and therefore, it is very significant to design a differential feed three-frequency dual-polarized antenna covering WiFi frequency bands and 5G mobile communication systems based on SIW.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides a differential feed three-frequency dual-polarized antenna.
The invention provides a differential feed three-frequency dual-polarized antenna which has the advantages of simple structure, low section, higher port isolation and convenient manufacturing realization by adopting a single-layer dielectric plate, two microstrip feeder lines, a gap structure and a SIW back cavity structure for combination.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the differential feed three-frequency dual-polarized antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, wherein a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line which are mutually orthogonal are arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, an intersection point is positioned at the center point of the dielectric substrate, a slit radiation structure and a SIW back cavity structure are arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, and the slit radiation structure is positioned between the dielectric substrate and the SIW back cavity structure and is connected with the SIW back cavity structure;
the slot radiation structure comprises four slot structure units and four pairs of parasitic slot units, and the four slot structure units and the four pairs of parasitic slot units are respectively positioned in four quadrants formed by the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line.
The four gap structure units have the same structure and comprise an elliptical gap, a rectangular gap and two arc-shaped gaps extending from two ends of the rectangular gap, the elliptical gap is loaded with the rectangular gap, a first gap structure extends from the middle position of the rectangular gap, and the first gap structure is positioned in a semicircle formed by the two arc-shaped gaps.
The first gap structure is composed of three gaps, wherein two gaps are parallel to each other, and the other gap is perpendicular to the two gaps which are parallel to each other.
The four pairs of parasitic gap units have the same structure and are formed by two right-angle gaps, and right-angle vertexes of the two right-angle gaps are positioned on diagonal lines of the dielectric substrate.
The first microstrip line and the second microstrip line have the same structure size and are formed by sequentially connecting three sections of microstrip lines.
The widths of the microstrip lines at the two ends of the three sections of microstrip lines are the same.
The slot radiation unit also comprises a polygonal slot, and the polygonal slot is respectively connected with the four slot structural units, so that the four slot structural units form a whole.
The invention also comprises two externally connected SMA heads, wherein one externally connected SMA head is provided with two groups of internal conductors and external conductors which are respectively connected with the first microstrip line and the slit radiation structure to feed the slit to form vertical polarized electromagnetic waves;
and the other group of inner and outer conductors respectively feed the seam by a seam radiation structure and a second microstrip line to form horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves.
The slot radiation structure is fed by differential signals, and differential signals with equal amplitude and 180-degree phase difference are directly fed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The differential feed three-frequency dual-polarized antenna disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the frequency band covered by the bandwidth of the differential mode reflection coefficient is 2.4-2.49GHz,3.29-3.6GHz and 4.8-5.05GHz, the port isolation is greater than 30dB, the radiation pattern is stable, the structure is simple, the section is low, the processing is easy, the integration is easy, and the differential feed three-frequency dual-polarized antenna has a good application prospect in the WiFi and 5G mobile communication fields;
(2) The rectangular gaps and the elliptical arc gaps in the gap radiation structure improve the covering capacity of the high frequency band, the earth-shaped gaps and the four pairs of parasitic gaps improve the covering capacity of the medium frequency band, and the arc gaps improve the covering capacity of the low frequency band;
(3) The SIW back cavity structure effectively reduces the section height of the antenna;
(4) The differential feed port is symmetrical about the center of the antenna, and the isolation between ports is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the slot radiating structure of FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is a top view of the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line in fig. 1;
FIG. 6 is the SIW back cavity structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a differential-mode reflection coefficient bandwidth and port isolation of-10 dB of the differential-fed triple-frequency dual-polarized antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a radiation pattern of the XOZ plane of the differential fed triple-frequency dual polarized antenna of the present invention horizontally polarized at a frequency of 3.5 GHz;
fig. 9 is a radiation pattern of the YOZ plane of the differential-fed triple-frequency dual polarized antenna of the present invention horizontally polarized at a frequency of 3.5 GHz.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1-6, a differential feed three-frequency dual-polarized antenna is suitable for a WiFi/5G system, and comprises a dielectric substrate 1, wherein a first microstrip line 3a and a second microstrip line 3b which are orthogonal to each other are arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, the intersection point is located at the center point of the dielectric substrate, the first microstrip line can be regarded as an X axis taking the center point of the dielectric substrate as an origin, and the second microstrip line is located at a Y axis. The lower surface of the medium substrate is provided with a gap radiation structure 2 and a SIW back cavity structure 4, and the gap radiation structure is positioned between the medium substrate and the SIW back cavity structure and is connected with the SIW back cavity structure.
The slot radiation structure 2 is composed of four slot units and four pairs of parasitic slots, wherein the four slot units are uniformly arranged on a circle taking the center point of the dielectric substrate as the center of the circle, the four slot units are specifically positioned in four quadrants formed by two mutually orthogonal first microstrip lines and second microstrip lines, and are symmetrical about the center points of the first microstrip line 3a, the second microstrip line 3b and the dielectric substrate, and the four pairs of parasitic slots are also positioned in four quadrants formed by two mutually orthogonal first microstrip lines and second microstrip lines and are arranged at the peripheral vertex angle positions.
The slot radiation structure 2 is composed of four slot structure units, the four slot structure units have the same structure, each slot structure comprises an elliptical slot, a rectangular slot, a first slot structure extending from the middle position of the rectangular slot, and two arc slots extending from two ends of the rectangular slot, and in this embodiment, the first slot structure is a 'soil' slot.
The oval gap is close to the central point of the medium substrate, then the diameter part of the oval gap loads the rectangle gap, the midpoint on the top edge of the rectangle gap extends out of the soil font gap, in this embodiment, two horizontal gaps of the soil font gap are equal, the vertical gap is connected with the rectangle gap, the soil font gap is located two arc gaps, two arc gaps constitute oval, and two arc gap ends interval certain distance.
Two arc shapesThe gap width w3 is the same, wherein w3 is 0.01λ 0 -0.08λ 0 The distance w4 between the tail end of the arc-shaped gap and the rectangular gap is 0.08λ 0 -0.2λ 0 . Wherein lambda is 0 For the free space wavelength corresponding to the antenna at the 2.4GHz frequency.
The slot radiation structure also comprises a square slot, and four vertexes of the square slot are vertexes of four semicircular arcs respectively, so that the four radiation units are connected into a whole. The length w5 of the square slit is 0.05λ 0 -0.08λ 0 Wherein lambda is 0 For the free space wavelength corresponding to the antenna at the 2.4GHz frequency.
The SIW back cavity structure 4 is internally provided with metallized through holes 5 and 6, and is connected with a metal layer where the slit radiation structure 2 is positioned and the bottom of the SIW back cavity structure 4.
The length and width height of the dielectric substrate 1 is d1 h1, and the SIW back cavity structure 4 is located below the dielectric substrate and is next to the dielectric substrate, and the size d2 h2. The diameter of the metallized vias 5 and 6 in the SIW back cavity structure 4 ranges from 0.006 lambda 0 -0.2λ 0 The relative dielectric constants of the dielectric substrate 1 and the SIW back cavity structure 4 are in the range of 1-6, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate 1 and the SIW back cavity structure 4 is in the range of 0.005 lambda 0 -0.06λ 0 Wherein lambda is 0 For the free space wavelength corresponding to the antenna at the 2.4GHz frequency.
The four pairs of parasitic gap units have the same structure and are formed by two right-angle gaps, right-angle vertexes of the two right-angle gaps are positioned on diagonal lines of the dielectric substrate, and the right angles face the center point direction of the dielectric substrate. The two right-angle gaps are arranged at a certain distance, right-angle edges of the two right-angle gaps are parallel to each other and are close to four corners of the medium substrate. In this embodiment, the perpendicular slits of the right-angle vertices and the soil-shaped slits are all located on the diagonal of the dielectric substrate.
The first microstrip line 3a and the second microstrip line 3b are respectively formed by three sections of microstrip lines, the width and the length of the microstrip lines at the two ends are the same, and the microstrip lines are symmetrical about the center point of the dielectric substrate. The microstrip line is composed of microstrip lines with lengths s1, s2 and s3 and widths g1, g2 and g3 respectively; the first microstrip line 3a is located on the X axis, theThe second microstrip line 3b is located on the Y axis, and each parameter range of the first microstrip line 3a and the second microstrip line 3b is: s1 is in the range of 0.06λ 0 -0.1λ 0 S2 is in the range of 0.06λ 0 -0.1λ 0 S3 is in the range of 0.3λ 0 -0.7λ 0 G1 is in the range of 0.01λ 0 -0.2λ 0 The g2 range is 0.01λ 0 -0.2λ 0 G3 is in the range of 0.003 lambda 0 -0.1λ 0
The first microstrip line 3a constitutes an impedance matching circuit with the antenna, and the second microstrip line 3b constitutes an impedance matching circuit with the antenna.
The electromagnetic wave generator also comprises two groups of externally connected SMA heads, wherein the inner conductors and the outer conductors of one group are respectively connected with the first microstrip line 3a and the slit radiation structure 2 to feed the slit to form vertical polarized electromagnetic waves;
the other group of inner and outer conductors respectively feed the seam by the seam radiating structure 2 and the second microstrip line 3b to form a horizontally polarized electromagnetic wave.
The slot radiating structure 2 is fed by differential signals, and differential signals with equal amplitude and 180 degrees phase difference are directly fed.
The specific dimensions in this example are as follows:
referring to FIG. 1, the dielectric substrate 1 and the SIW back cavity structure 4 have the relative dielectric constants of 3.48 and 2.65 and the thicknesses of 0.76mm and 6mm respectively; w1 in the slit radiation structure 2 is 0.06λ 0 W2 is 0.08λ 0 W3 is 0.018 lambda 0 W4 is 0.08λ 0 W5 is 0.07 lambda 0 S1 is 0.076λ 0 S2 is 0.076λ 0 S3 is 0.512 lambda 0 G1 is 0.014 lambda 0 G2 is 0.014 lambda 0 G3 is 0.004 lambda 0 And calculating the differential mode reflection coefficient, the isolation and the far-field parameters of the antenna through HFSS simulation software.
As can be seen from the results of FIG. 7, the differential-feed dual-polarized SIW back cavity antenna has a differential-mode reflection coefficient bandwidth coverage frequency band of 2.4GHz-2.49GHz,3.29GHz-3.6GHz and 4.8GHz-5.05GHz, and isolation of more than 30dB.
FIGS. 8 and 9 show the dielectric substrate 1 when the area is0.67λ 0 *0.67λ 0 The area of the back cavity of the SIW is 0.58 lambda 0 *0.58λ 0 And when the working frequency is 3.5GHz, the antenna horizontal polarization obtained by simulation calculation by using HFSS software is in the patterns of the XOZ plane and the YOZ plane. As can be seen from fig. 8 and 9, the antenna has good radiation characteristics.
The differential feed dual-polarized three-frequency antenna has the frequency bands covered by the bandwidth of the differential mode reflection coefficient of 2.4-2.49GHz,3.29-3.6GHz and 4.8-5.05GHz, port isolation of more than 30dB, stable radiation pattern, simple structure, low section, easy processing and easy integration, and has good application prospect in the fields of WiFi and 5G mobile communication.
The embodiments described above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments described above, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The differential feed three-frequency dual-polarized antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, and is characterized in that a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line which are mutually orthogonal are arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, an intersection point is positioned at the center point of the dielectric substrate, a gap radiation structure and a SIW back cavity structure are arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, and the gap radiation structure is positioned between the dielectric substrate and the SIW back cavity structure and is connected with the SIW back cavity structure;
the slot radiation structure comprises four slot structure units and four pairs of parasitic slot units, and the four slot structure units and the four pairs of parasitic slot units are respectively positioned in four quadrants formed by the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line;
the four gap structure units have the same structure and comprise an elliptical gap, a rectangular gap and two arc-shaped gaps extending from two ends of the rectangular gap, the elliptical gap is loaded with the rectangular gap, a first gap structure extends from the middle position of the rectangular gap, and the first gap structure is positioned in a semicircle formed by the two arc-shaped gaps;
the first gap structure is composed of three gaps, wherein two gaps are parallel to each other, and the other gap is perpendicular to the two gaps which are parallel to each other;
the four pairs of parasitic gap units have the same structure and are formed by two right-angle gaps, and right-angle vertexes of the two right-angle gaps are positioned on diagonal lines of the dielectric substrate.
2. The differential feed three-frequency dual-polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line have the same size and are formed by sequentially connecting three sections of microstrip lines.
3. A differential feed triple-frequency dual polarized antenna according to claim 2 wherein the microstrip lines at both ends of the three microstrip lines have the same width.
4. The differential feed triple-frequency dual polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein said slot radiating element further comprises a polygonal slot, said polygonal slot being connected to each of the four slot structural elements such that the four slot structural elements form a unitary body.
5. The differential feed three-frequency dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, further comprising two groups of externally connected SMA heads, wherein the two groups of externally connected SMA heads have inner and outer conductors respectively connected with the first microstrip line and the slot radiation structure to feed the slot to form a vertically polarized electromagnetic wave;
and the other group of inner and outer conductors respectively feed the seam by a seam radiation structure and a second microstrip line to form horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves.
6. The differential feed triple-frequency dual polarized antenna of claim 1 wherein said slot radiating structure is fed by differential signals directly feeding differential signals of equal amplitude and 180 degrees out of phase.
CN201910455653.1A 2019-05-29 2019-05-29 Differential feed three-frequency dual-polarized antenna Active CN110112549B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110729559B (en) * 2019-10-14 2021-06-04 大连理工大学 Multi-frequency differential directional hybrid antenna
CN110768003A (en) * 2019-10-24 2020-02-07 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 LTE base station antenna system
CN112072294B (en) * 2020-08-28 2022-01-25 电子科技大学 Broadband low-profile high-isolation dual-circular-polarization two-dimensional wide-angle scanning sparse array

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106654591A (en) * 2016-12-20 2017-05-10 东南大学 Cavity-backed slot dual-band circularly polarized antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide
CN108767437A (en) * 2018-04-24 2018-11-06 华南理工大学 A kind of differential bipolar antenna based on substrate integration wave-guide
CN109659680A (en) * 2018-12-11 2019-04-19 华南理工大学 A kind of dual-band dual-polarized antenna based on substrate integration wave-guide
CN209948038U (en) * 2019-05-29 2020-01-14 华南理工大学 Differential feed three-frequency dual-polarized antenna

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106654591A (en) * 2016-12-20 2017-05-10 东南大学 Cavity-backed slot dual-band circularly polarized antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide
CN108767437A (en) * 2018-04-24 2018-11-06 华南理工大学 A kind of differential bipolar antenna based on substrate integration wave-guide
CN109659680A (en) * 2018-12-11 2019-04-19 华南理工大学 A kind of dual-band dual-polarized antenna based on substrate integration wave-guide
CN209948038U (en) * 2019-05-29 2020-01-14 华南理工大学 Differential feed three-frequency dual-polarized antenna

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