A kind of cotton defoliant
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of pesticide, be specifically related to a kind of cotton defoliant.
Background technology
The strategic materials that cotton Zeng Shi China is important, very important in agricultural economy general layout.Cotton in China is produced at the forefront in the world, is weaving big country and maximum cotton country of consumption, and the whole nation has 23 provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions to produce cotton, and Cotton Industry occupies critical role in national economy.
Because of the indeterminate growth habit of cotton and the restriction of weather conditions, particularly along with the development of summer sowing cotton, most of cotton region in China, when withered frost arrives, always there are many cotton bolls to have little time blow-of-cottons, a part of late autumn peach wherein at all can not be ripe, and the cotton boll that other can be ripe reluctantly also becomes the rear flower of frost.After frost, flower quality is very poor, and use value is very low.In many areas, receive again directly sowing, seedling growth and the output of the rear stubble of impact wheat the evening of cotton.Gathering is the important step in Cotton Production, but remains in the blade on cotton plant, not only affects the speed (especially mechanical harvesting) of gathering, but also affects the grade of cotton.Therefore, cotton is accelerated the ripening and disleave, to cotton high-quality, high yield with reap a bumper harvest of grain and cotton all significant in good time.
The cotton ripener generally using is at present ethrel.Ethrel is a kind of ethene releasing agent, can decompose in vivo, discharges ethene.Ethene promotes fruit maturation, also effective to cotton.Cotton bell is typical climacteric type fruit, and cotton boll produces ethene always under normal circumstances, before stage of ripeness cracking, occurs that ethene discharges peak, promotes series of complex physiological reaction relevant with cracking blow-of-cottons in cotton boll.Due to temperature restriction, the Boll Development of late origin is slow or stagnate, and oneself can not discharge enough ethene and reach physiological ripening.The artificial ethrel that uses, the deficiency that can supplement ethene in cotton boll, promotes maturation and blow-of-cottons.The mechanism of action that ethrel accelerates the ripening is to improve the content of ethene in cotton boll, accelerates the growth of cotton boll, is arrived in advance in the ethene release peak that must occur before cracking, thereby improves cracking blow-of-cottons.Test shows, uses in good time, in right amount ethrel can shift to an earlier date cotton boll blowing peak, and before frost, flower output increases by 25 50%, and fiber quality improves, and can be early suddenly with the little spring sown crop of multiple cropping.Ethrel has the good effect of accelerating the ripening to cotton, but defoliation effect is not as good as accelerating the ripening effect.
The cotton defoliant generally using is at present mainly Thidiazuron.Thidiazuron is a kind of new and effective plant growth regulator of tool cytokine activity, can promote crop photosynthesis, improves crop yield, improves fruit quality, strengthens fruit storage property.On cotton planting, make defoliant and use, after being absorbed by plant, can promote the chorista self-assembling formation between petiole and stem and come off.Thidiazuron does not directly injure blade, promotes the generation of ethene, the transportation of inhibition growth hormone, reduces the ratio of growth hormone and ethene.Thidiazuron is processed rear 24h, and the ethene that blade discharges reaches peak value, then maintains certain level until leaf abscission.
When cotton boll ftractures 70% left and right, every mu of use 50% Thidiazuron wetting powder 100g, is watered complete stool spraying, within 10 days, starts fallen leaves, and blow-of-cottons increase, and within 15 days, peaks, and within 20 days, declines to some extent.Tear-away 90% left and right of cotton leaf, to plant, without injury, blow-of-cottons are normal.But it is existent defect also, as: Thidiazuron onset is slow, especially true at low temperatures, does not advise using when therefore day samming is lower than 21 ℃.In all results adjuvants, after Thidiazuron requirement spray, without the time the longest (24h) of rain, illustrate that its absorption is slower.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, and a kind of cotton defoliant is provided, and this agent can be shortened the cotton defoliation time, improve disleave rate.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
, it contains following weight parts raw material: 8 20 parts of Thidiazurons, 80 92 parts of magnesium chlorates.Two kinds of raw materials add and are combined into 100 parts.
Concrete, Thidiazuron can be selected 50% Thidiazuron wetting powder, and magnesium chlorate can be selected the magnesium chlorate of purity 98%, and both are common commercially available prod.
Preparation method: after Thidiazuron is mixed with magnesium chlorate, be placed in micronizer and carry out ultramicro grinding, then packing forms.
Using method: when cotton boll ftractures 70% left and right, every mu is watered 30kg, even spraying with product 75g of the present invention.Within 3 days, start disleave, 6 days cotton leaves come off and reach more than 85%, within 10 days, peak, and reach more than 95%, and to plant, without injury, blow-of-cottons are normal, do not affect fiber quality.
In this cotton defoliant, the effect of Thidiazuron is to promote the chorista self-assembling formation between petiole and stem and come off, the effect of magnesium chlorate is that the cotton leaf of infiltration makes cotton leaf dehydration and withers gradually, at petiole attachment region, form absciss layer and cotton leaf is come off, the two is had complementary advantages, and defoliation effect is more outstanding, rapid-action, disleave rate is high, does not pollute cotton-wool.
Compared to the prior art, there is following advantage in defoliant of the present invention:
1) by Thidiazuron and magnesium chlorate composite use in proportion, simple, convenient operation and large-scale production.
2) can effectively avoid the Thidiazuron impact of activity decreased on cotton defoliation at low temperatures, promote cotton defoliation speed, improve disleave rate.
3) magnesium chlorate is cheap compared with Thidiazuron, and both are composite, with alone Thidiazuron, as cotton defoliant, compares, and cost significantly reduces, and disleave rate is promoted to more than 95%.
4) product preparation manipulation is simple, and production cost is low, environmental friendliness, and environmental protection, draws materials extensively, is easy to get, and is easy to realize.The raw material adopting is cheap, efficient, pollution-free, and in soil without any residual, really realize eco-friendly cotton defoliation production.
Embodiment
By specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described below, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
embodiment 1
, it contains following weight parts raw material: 50% 8 parts of Thidiazuron wetting powders, 98% 92 parts of magnesium chlorates.
Preparation method: after Thidiazuron is mixed with magnesium chlorate, be placed in micronizer and carry out ultramicro grinding, then packing and obtaining.
embodiment 2
, it contains following weight parts raw material: 50% 10 parts of Thidiazuron wetting powders, 98% 90 parts of magnesium chlorates.Preparation method is with reference to embodiment 1.
embodiment 3
, it contains following weight parts raw material: 50% 15 parts of Thidiazuron wetting powders, 98% 85 parts of magnesium chlorates.Preparation method is with reference to embodiment 1.
embodiment 4
, it contains following weight parts raw material: 50% 20 parts of Thidiazuron wetting powders, 98% 80 parts of magnesium chlorates.Preparation method is with reference to embodiment 1.
the experimental study of cotton defoliant defoliation effect
1 test objective
For the field experiment effect of checking defoliant product of the present invention, JP is opened up this test.
materials and methods
2.1 basic conditions experimental field
Experimental field be selected in Baisha Zhen Er Shilipu village, Zhongmou County, Henan Province, belong to first of the wing of Lower Reaches of The Yellow River alluvial fan south, physical features is smooth, and the continental monsoon climate in typical middle latitude warm temperate zone, has a moderate climate, make a clear distinction between the four seasons, and rain hot same period.2366 hours sunshine of annual, 14.2 ℃ of average temperatures of the whole year, frost-free season is 240 days, 616 millimeters of average annual precipitations.Soil types is moisture soil, and soil property is sandy loam, preceding crop garlic, and basic physical and chemical is organic 17.6g/kg, available nitrogen 82.9mg/kg, available phosphorus 19.4mg/kg, effectively potassium 91.8mg/kg.Sowing on April 23, by per hectare 3.75 ten thousand strain sowings, field management measure is with conventional field management.
2.2 for examination material
2.2.1 for studying thing
Cotton variety: CCRI 56
2.2.2 reagent agent
50% Thidiazuron
98% magnesium chlorate
2.3 experimental scheme
5 processing are established in this test altogether, specific as follows:
Process 1: defoliant described in embodiment 1,75g is watered 30kg;
Process 2: defoliant described in embodiment 2,75g is watered 30kg;
Process 3: defoliant described in embodiment 3,75g is watered 30kg;
Process 4: defoliant described in embodiment 4,75g is watered 30kg;
C K: 50% Thidiazuron wetting powder, 75g is watered 30kg;
2.4 test and investigation methods
Select division of cells, cotton field even, neat, that grow sane, do not establish repetition, process randomized arrangement, community area 30m for 5
2, adopt Worth5302 pressure storage type to inflate atomizer spray, whole strain sprays, and evenly sprays.Spray date is September 20, from CK, starts to spray, and clears up sprayer and jet pipe while changing a kind of medicament.Every experimental plot is random selects 10 strain cottons to list, periodic investigation.Investigate respectively the 3rd day, the 6th day, the 10th day, the 15th day cotton leaf number before medicine, after medicine.While investigating radix before dispenser, the unification newborn vanelets of cotton plant of listing is all plucked only.
The computing formula of leaf abscission rate is: leaf abscission rate (%)=[(dispenser front vane sum-dispenser rear blade sum)/dispenser front vane sum] * 100.
results and analysis
Impact on defoliating cotton rate between 3.1 different medicament proportionings
As can be seen from Table 1, the composite Thidiazuron of magnesium chlorate, after cauline leaf spraying, can infiltrate fast in cotton plants body and make cotton leaf dehydration withered, forms absciss layer can promote the quick disleave of cotton at petiole place.Complex treatment 6 days defoliation effects after medicine all reach more than 85%, wherein process 2 disleaves the fastest, and expulsion rate reaches 89.54%; Process 1 and take second place, expulsion rate is 88.45%; 4 complex treatment defoliating cotton rates are followed successively by: process 2 > process 1 > process 3 > process 4.After medicine, 10 days defoliation effects all reach more than 95%, and what expulsion rate was the highest is processing 2, and expulsion rate is 96.22%, processing 1 takes second place, expulsion rate is that 95.18%, 4 complex treatment, 10 days expulsion rates after medicine are followed successively by processing 2 > process 1 > process 3 > process 4, identical with 6 days expulsion rate rules after medicine.All disleave was complete in 15 days after medicine for 4 complex treatments.Defoliation effect is all remarkable.
3.1 impacts of new medicament formula on cotton defoliation rate
(in Table 1) is compared in contrasting that Thidiazuron is sprayed with independent use Thidiazuron with the defoliation effect of magnesium chlorate complex treatment, can find out, spray impinging upon after medicine 6 days, its defoliating cotton rate is only 32.25%, and the expulsion rate of 4 complex treatments is all higher than 85%, on average high 55.16 percentage points than contrast; After medicine 10 days, the expulsion rate of control group (CK) was 67.39%, and the expulsion rate of 4 complex treatments is all higher than 95%, and it is high 28.01 percentage points that average specific contrasts; After medicine 15 days, the cotton leaf of 4 complex treatments all came off complete, and the expulsion rate that control group (CK) is processed just reaches 85%.This shows the defoliation effect that the composite defoliation effect of Thidiazuron and magnesium chlorate is processed separately apparently higher than Thidiazuron.This complex treatment can be used as a kind of new product and replaces spraying separately Thidiazuron processing.
brief summary and discussion
(1) Thidiazuron and magnesium chlorate are composite is significantly higher than Thidiazuron to cotton defoliation effect and processes separately.After medicine, 6 days cotton leaf expulsion rates can reach more than 85%, and after medicine, 10 days cotton leaf expulsion rates can reach more than 95%.Illustrate that both effects after composite are more satisfactory, the defoliation effect that sprays separately Thidiazuron with conventional treatment wants fast.Meet the demand that cotton planting family is fast to Chemical defoliation speed, efficiency is high.
(2) the composite cotton leaf expulsion rate of Thidiazuron and magnesium chlorate different proportion is all processed separately higher than Thidiazuron.The range of application that this formula is described is wider, especially in the larger region of temperature influence scope, can adjust the proportioning of Thidiazuron and magnesium chlorate as the case may be, but effect but can not be affected in good time.