CN103471715A - Common optical path combined optical field spectral imaging method and device - Google Patents
Common optical path combined optical field spectral imaging method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a common optical path combined optical field spectral imaging method and a common optical path combined optical field spectral imaging device. Target radiation information is projected into and passes through a main lens, after being modulated by an optical filter array arranged in the main lens, the target radiation information is divided by a beam splitter prism so as to obtain two optical paths, namely, a transmission optical path and a reflection optical path, wherein the transmission optical path realizes high spectral resolution optical field imaging with a detector A through a microlens array, the reflection optical path directly conducts high spatial resolution panchromatic imaging through a detector B, the high spectral resolution optical field imaging information and the high spatial resolution panchromatic imaging information are sent by the detector A and the detector B to a computer for image registration and reconstitution, and the high spatial resolution and high spectral resolution image is obtained by adopting a multi-source data fusion rule. The device has the advantages of simultaneously obtaining the complete spectrum image information and high spatial resolution image information of the target, having a simple structure and light weight, and being miniaturized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and apparatus that the object dimensional surface is carried out to imaging, specifically, is a kind of combined type spectrum imaging method and device that simultaneously has high spatial resolution and high spectral resolution, belongs to the light spectrum image-forming field
Background technology
In traditional multi-optical spectrum imaging system, the obtain manner of spectroscopic data is divided into gazing type, pushes away the type of sweeping and snapshot type three classes.The gazing type light spectrum image-forming can only obtain the two dimensional image of target under certain wavelength in Polaroid process, again by converting different wavelength coverages, obtain complete spectral information through multiexposure, multiple exposure, this gazing type light spectrum image-forming technology, in the application of the aspects such as monitoring of rapid movement or variation targets, possibly can't be obtained real time data accurately.Sweep and push away the spectral information that the type spectrum imaging system obtains the one dimension target in single exposure, need to push away the imaging of having swept two dimension target across rail, this scanning motion all has high requirements to the motion platform of its lift-launch or kinematic accuracy and the stable type of self scanning mechanism, be subject to the impacts such as external impact and motion platform vibrations, therefore difficulty of processing and the cost of moving component have been strengthened, the stability of its carrying platform had to higher requirement simultaneously, be not suitable for complicated working environment.
Utilizing the optical field imaging technology to realize the light spectrum image-forming of target is surveyed, is a kind of snapshot type spectrographic detection pattern.The optical field imaging technology is by the traditional optical imaging system, adding demodulating unit, the two-dimensional directional information of the distributed intelligence of target two-dimensional space and geometrical ray propagation is recorded simultaneously, can be extracted the two-dimentional light energy distribution of the target object under the different directions angle.Then utilize specific information processing method to realize the extraction to different directions information, therefore can realize obtaining of multidimensional information, for the instantaneous three-dimensional spectrum data cube that obtains target provides theoretical foundation and technical support.
But above-mentioned optical field imaging technology, the two-dimensional signal had more is that to sacrifice certain spatial resolution be cost, and therefore there is the problem that image spatial resolution reduces in existing optical field imaging camera, thus the application of restriction optical field imaging technology aspect spectrographic detection.How to obtain high spatial resolution and high spectral resolution, be an Important Problems that must solve simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of spectrum imaging method that can simultaneously obtain high spatial resolution full-colour image and high spectral resolution spectrum picture, by following step, realize:
Step 1: target emanation information is modulated;
Step 2: the target emanation information after modulation is carried out to light splitting, form transmitted light path and reflected light path;
Step 3: transmitted light path is carried out to the high spectral resolution optical field imaging, as the first image; Reflected light path is carried out to the high spatial resolution full color imaging, as the second image;
Step 4: the image information to the first image and the second image is carried out image registration and reconstruct, adopts the multisource data fusion rule, obtains high spatial resolution and high spectral resolution image.
The present invention also proposes that a kind of optical texture is simple, volume is small and exquisite and the system integration, and the anti-vibration ability is strong, the optical spectrum imaging device of high spatial resolution full-colour image and high spectral resolution spectrum picture be can obtain simultaneously, preposition optical imagery module, spectral module, light field light spectrum image-forming module, full color imaging module and image processing module comprised.
Wherein, preposition optical imagery module comprises main lens and filter arrays; Main lens vertically arranges, and the aperture diaphragm place between the eyeglass of main lens arranges filter arrays; Spectral module is Amici prism, being centered close on the main lens axis of Amici prism, and with the main lens angle be 45 °; Target emanation information is injected by the main lens front side, after being modulated by the linear gradient optical filter, after obtain the light of corresponding different wave length, and incide on Amici prism, carry out light splitting by Amici prism, form transmitted light path and reflected light path two-way light path.
Described light field light spectrum image-forming module comprises microlens array, detector A; Microlens array is arranged at the Amici prism rear, coaxial with Amici prism; Transmitted light path, after microlens array, is realized the high spectral resolution optical field imaging by detector A, as the first image; And detector A, by the high spectral resolution optical field imaging information of the first image, sends in computing machine and is stored.
Described full color imaging module is detector B, and reflected light path directly carries out the high spatial resolution full color imaging by detector B, as the second image; And detector B sends to the high spatial resolution full color imaging information of the second image in computing machine and is stored.
Described image processing module is computing machine, is used for the first image after storage and the image-forming information of the second image are carried out to image registration and reconstruct, adopts the multisource data fusion rule, obtains high spatial resolution and high spectral resolution image.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, the present invention is total to light path combined type light field spectrum imaging method, realization is obtained to the high spectral resolution spectral information of target and high spatial resolution images information the time, can obtain the fused images of high spatial resolution and high spectral resolution through multisource data fusion, and sweep or staring imaging without pushing away, can be applicable in the monitoring and tracking of variation fast or moving target;
2, the present invention is total to light path combined type light field optical spectrum imaging device, adopt light spectrum image-forming light path and full color imaging light path totally one main optical path, the visual angle error is minimum each other, can reduce the complicacy of follow-up data correction and the difficulty that data are processed, and reduce the multisource data fusion error, can improve the discrimination that target imaging is surveyed;
3, the present invention is total to light path combined type light field optical spectrum imaging device, optical field imaging mechanism based on microlens array and filter arrays are as the spectral modulation element, there is single exposure and just can obtain the advantage of complete three-dimensional data, the complete spectrum information of target can be obtained through the light field data extractive technique, and the imaging detection of variation fast or moving target can be applied to;
4, the present invention is total to light path combined type light field optical spectrum imaging device, there is no moving component, and easily realizes lightweight and the miniaturization of instrument, low to self and motion platform stability requirement;
5, the present invention's light path combined type light field optical spectrum imaging device altogether, adopt optical field imaging mechanism based on microlens array with filter arrays as the spectral modulation element, can realize the three-dimensional spectrum picture data cube of once photo taking acquisition two dimension target.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the present invention's light path combined type light field spectrum imaging method process flow diagram altogether;
Fig. 2 is the present invention's light path combined type light field optical spectrum imaging device structured flowchart altogether;
Fig. 3 is the present invention's light path combined type light field optical spectrum imaging device concrete structure schematic diagram altogether.
In figure:
The preposition optical imagery module of 1-2-spectral module 3-light field light spectrum image-forming module
4-full color imaging module 5-image processing module 101-main lens
102-filter arrays 201-Amici prism 301-microlens array
302-detector A 401-detector B
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further illustrated.
The present invention is light path combined type light field spectrum imaging method altogether, as shown in Figure 1, by following step, completes: step 1: the light that obtains corresponding different wave length after target emanation information (the different directions light of target emission or reflection) is modulated;
Step 2: the target emanation information after modulation is carried out to light splitting, form transmitted light path and reflected light path, respectively account for 50% of target emanation information;
Step 3: transmitted light path is carried out to the high spectral resolution optical field imaging, as the first image (the light field image with high spectral resolution, low spatial resolution information), stored; Reflected light path is carried out to the high spatial resolution full color imaging simultaneously, as the second image (gray level image with high spatial resolution, low spectral resolution information), stored;
Step 4: the image information to the first image and the second image is carried out image registration and reconstruct, adopts the multisource data fusion rule, obtains high spatial resolution and high spectral resolution image.
The present invention also proposes a kind of common light path combined type light field optical spectrum imaging device based on said method, comprises preposition optical imagery module 1, spectral module 2, light field light spectrum image-forming module 3, full color imaging module 4 and image processing module 5, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3.
Wherein, preposition optical imagery module 1 comprises main lens 101 and filter arrays 102; Main lens 101 vertically arranges, and the aperture diaphragm place between the eyeglass of main lens 101 is provided with filter arrays 102; The described filter arrays 102 linear gradient optical filtering band gap arrangement continuous by wide spectrum forms, and the number of the linear gradient optical filtering band that wide spectrum is continuous is determined by the spectrographic detection scope of Instrument Design and the performance parameter of optical filter; Spectral module 2 is Amici prism 201, being centered close on main lens 101 axis of Amici prism 201, and with main lens 101 angles be 45 °; The rete that Amici prism 201 1 sides are coated with is semi-transparent semi-reflecting (transmissivity is 50%, reflectivity be 50%); Thus, target emanation information is injected by main lens 101 front sides, after being modulated by linear gradient filter arrays 102, after obtain the light of corresponding different wave length, and incide on Amici prism 201, carry out light splitting by Amici prism 201, form transmitted light path and reflected light path two-way light path.In the spectral coverage information of above-mentioned filter arrays 102 each positions and light field, radiation direction is for corresponding one by one.
Described light field light spectrum image-forming module 3 comprises microlens array 301, detector A302.Microlens array 301 is arranged at Amici prism 201 rears, coaxial with Amici prism 201; Thus, transmitted light path, after microlens array 301, is distributed on the pixel of detector A302, realizes the high spectral resolution optical field imaging by detector A302, as the first image.Detector A302 is arranged at the place, focal plane of microlens array 301, is used for receiving the high spectral resolution optical field imaging information of the first image, sends in computing machine.
Described full color imaging module 4 is detector B401, and detector B401 and microlens array 301 are symmetrical arranged about Amici prism 201, to guarantee transmitted light path and reflected light path, has identical image planes position; Thus, reflected light path directly carries out the high spatial resolution full color imaging by detector B401, as the second image; And detector B401 sends to the high spatial resolution full color imaging information of the second image in computing machine.
Finally by computing machine, the first image after storing and the image-forming information of the second image are carried out to image registration and reconstruct, adopt the multisource data fusion rule, obtain high spatial resolution and high spectral resolution image.
Claims (8)
1. one kind is total to light path combined type light field spectrum imaging method, by following step, realizes:
Step 1: target emanation information is modulated;
Step 2: the target emanation information after modulation is carried out to light splitting, form transmitted light path and reflected light path;
Step 3: transmitted light path is carried out to the high spectral resolution optical field imaging, as the first image; Reflected light path is carried out to the high spatial resolution full color imaging, as the second image;
Step 4: the image information to the first image and the second image is carried out image registration and reconstruct, adopts the multisource data fusion rule, obtains high spatial resolution and high spectral resolution image.
2. a kind of altogether light path combined type light field spectrum imaging method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 2, transmitted light path and reflected light path respectively account for 50% of target emanation information.
3. one kind is total to light path combined type light field optical spectrum imaging device, comprises preposition optical imagery module, spectral module, light field light spectrum image-forming module, full color imaging module and image processing module;
Wherein, preposition optical imagery module comprises main lens and filter arrays; Main lens vertically arranges, and between the eyeglass of main lens, filter arrays is set; Spectral module is Amici prism, being centered close on the main lens axis of Amici prism, and with the main lens angle be 45 °; Target emanation information is injected by the main lens front side, after being modulated by the linear gradient optical filter, after obtain the light of corresponding different wave length, and incide on Amici prism, carry out light splitting by Amici prism, form transmitted light path and reflected light path two-way light path.
Described light field light spectrum image-forming module comprises microlens array, detector A; Microlens array is arranged at the Amici prism rear, coaxial with Amici prism; Transmitted light path, after microlens array, is realized the high spectral resolution optical field imaging by detector A, as the first image; And detector A, by the high spectral resolution optical field imaging information of the first image, sends in computing machine and is stored;
Described full color imaging module is detector B, and reflected light path directly carries out the high spatial resolution full color imaging by detector B, as the second image; And detector B sends to the high spatial resolution full color imaging information of the second image in computing machine and is stored;
Described image processing module is computing machine, is used for the first image after storage and the image-forming information of the second image are carried out to image registration and reconstruct, adopts the multisource data fusion rule, obtains high spatial resolution and high spectral resolution image.
4. a kind of altogether light path combined type light field optical spectrum imaging device as claimed in claim 3, the described filter arrays linear gradient optical filtering band gap arrangement continuous by wide spectrum forms.
5. a kind of altogether light path combined type light field optical spectrum imaging device as claimed in claim 3, described Amici prism one side is coated with semi-transparent semi-reflecting rete.
6. a kind of altogether light path combined type light field optical spectrum imaging device as claimed in claim 3, the spectral coverage information of each position of described filter arrays with the interior radiation direction of light field for corresponding one by one.
7. a kind of altogether light path combined type light field optical spectrum imaging device as claimed in claim 3, described detector A is arranged at the place, focal plane of microlens array.
8. a kind of altogether light path combined type light field optical spectrum imaging device as claimed in claim 3, described detector B and microlens array are symmetrical arranged about Amici prism.
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