CN103468283A - Rice hull carbonization device and method - Google Patents

Rice hull carbonization device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103468283A
CN103468283A CN2013103666518A CN201310366651A CN103468283A CN 103468283 A CN103468283 A CN 103468283A CN 2013103666518 A CN2013103666518 A CN 2013103666518A CN 201310366651 A CN201310366651 A CN 201310366651A CN 103468283 A CN103468283 A CN 103468283A
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rice husk
carbonizing
carbonization
carbonizing chamber
chamber
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CN103468283B (en
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丛培武
丛日博
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Shulan Jufeng Biological Renewable Energy Co ltd
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SHULAN JUNJI CARBONIZE Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

Abstract

The invention discloses a rice hull carbonization device. According to the invention, a high temperature resistant heat insulation material is covered on the inner wall of a furnace body of a rice hull carbonization device, so that the energy loss in the carbonization process can be reduced and the utilization ratio of heat is improved; sealing measures are adopted for a feed opening and a discharge opening, so that the sealing anoxic environment can be provided for the thermolysis carbonization; a thermocouple used for monitoring is arranged to adjust the carbonization temperature according to different materials; a steel pipe with the smooth inner wall is arranged at the lower part of a carbonization chamber to allow carbonized high temperature rice hulls to slide to a rotating roller, so that the temperature is cooled down rapidly, and the carbonization quality is improved. The invention also discloses a rice hull carbonization method of the device. The method obviously lowers the power consumption and the time required by the rice hull carbonization, improves the yield, and is simple to operate and convenient to maintain. According to the method, the rice hull carbonization rate is greater than 99.7%, the rice hull yield is greater than 99.5%, and the rice hull melting point is higher than 1800 DEG C.

Description

A kind of rice husk carbonizing device and rice husk carbonizing method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the rice husk carbonizing technical field, particularly a kind of rice husk carbonizing device and rice husk carbonizing method.
Background technology
One of main byproduct that rice husk is processed as cereal is a kind of inexpensive renewable resources that has a large capacity and a wide range.The rice husk surface is hard, and silicone content is high, be difficult for by bacterial degradation, and tap density is little, and discarded welding, become meter burden of industry enterprise, and the exploitation of rice husk are significant.Carbonization rice husk refers to that rice husk is through being heated to it below ignition temperature, makes its burn incompletely and the charcoal compound matter that forms.Its tool is lightweight, fusing point is high, stable performance, the few and practical and convenient characteristics of impurity.Be applicable to ladle, hot metal ladle, die casting and other metallic surface covering and heat insulatings in iron and steel enterprise.Carbonization rice husk has been widely used in the industries such as iron and steel, chemical industry, electronics.
In the rice husk carbonizing process, pyrolysis temperature is the most obvious on the physico-chemical property impact of the rice hull carbon of preparation.Prepare biomass charcoal respectively at 100-500 ℃ of scope internal combustion rice husk, show by analysis, biomass charcoal specific surface area, ash oontent, pH value all increase with the raising of pyrolysis temperature, but the rice hull carbon yield reducation; Results of elemental analyses shows, the biomass charcoal of preparation, except being rich in carbon, also contains a large amount of other elements, and as N, P, Ca and Mg, pyrolysis temperature is higher, and the constituent contents such as the P of the rice hull carbon of preparing, Ca and Mg are higher.The carbon content of the rice hull carbon that under anaerobic condition prepared by the pyrolysis agricultural crop straw is with the improve of preparation temperature, and content improves gradually, and the content of H and O reduces gradually.Total specific surface area of the rice hull carbon that under 250-650 ℃ of condition prepared by pyrolysis becomes large with the rising of pyrolysis temperature, and micropore size promotes with pyrolysis temperature and diminishes gradually, and adsorption to environmental pollutants also strengthens gradually.Component content, potential of hydrogen, specific surface area and the micropore size etc. of the rice hull carbon that as can be seen here, under condition of different temperatures prepared by pyrolysis all have very big-difference.
The carbonization rice husk production method is more, and traditional method is the outdoor carbonization kiln of building, and the ardent and flue gas that carbonization process produces is directly arranged in auspicious air, and environment is caused to severe contamination; At present, after the biomass charcoal technology of preparing of report mainly adopts the rice husk through drying, be placed in carbide furnace, thermal source or the heating of other thermals source that aerobic by the combustion chamber rice husk fully burns and produces, pyrolysis temperature is not added to control, the general pyrolysis temperature of the biomass charcoal prepared like this is all more than 500 ℃, the rice hull carbon character of preparing is difficult to control, in addition, the rice husk of institute's carbonization is not carried out effectively cooling, can not reach continuous production, do not reach the purpose for preparing as required suitable biomass charcoal, and the defect such as speed is slow, and efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
First technical problem that the present invention will solve is to provide a kind of rice husk carbonizing device, and described rice husk carbonizing device inboard wall of furnace body is covered with high temperature resistant heat insulation material, can reduce the power loss in carbonization process, improves the utilization ratio of heat; Its opening for feed and discharge port have all been taked seal approach, and the environment of sealing anoxic can be provided for RESEARCH OF PYROCARBON; And be provided with the thermopair for monitoring, can regulate carbonization temperature according to different material; The carbonizing chamber bottom is provided with the inner wall smooth steel pipe, makes the high temperature rice husk after carbonization slide into rotary drum, can make temperature cooling rapidly, improves the carbonization quality.
For solving first technical problem, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of rice husk carbonizing device, comprise carbonizing chamber, slip bell, inner wall smooth steel pipe, cylinder, furnace body support; Described carbonizing chamber top center position is opening for feed, and the slip bell is placed on the opening for feed of carbonizing chamber; One end of described inner wall smooth steel pipe is connected with the discharge port of carbonizing chamber bottom centre position, and the position of connection is provided with moving grate, and the other end is connected with cylinder; Described cylinder two ends are provided with gear, and the gear bottom position is provided with motor; The affixed furnace body support in bottom on described carbonizing chamber right side; Between the inner and outer wall of carbonizing chamber, insulation material layer is arranged, carbonizing chamber top is provided with inlet pipe and vapor pipe, and described inlet pipe is provided with intake valve, and described vapor pipe is with vent valve; Described carbonizing chamber inner bottom part is provided with circular electrical heating tube, and middle part is provided with the thermopair of thermometer and pressure warning unit.
Further, between carbonizing chamber and slip bell, be provided with sealing-ring, between carbonizing chamber and inner wall smooth steel pipe, be provided with sealing-ring.
Second technical problem that the present invention will solve is to provide a kind of rice husk carbonizing method, and present method has significantly reduced required watt consumption and the time of carbonization rice husk, improves yield rate, and simple to operate, easy to maintenance.
For solving second technical problem, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of rice husk carbonizing method, comprise the steps:
A. by after the rice husk removal of impurity, put into carbonizing chamber, cover the slip bell;
B. connect circular electrical heating tube, the paddy rice rice husk that ignites of switching on, the thermopair with thermometer by control linkage in carbonizing chamber, intake valve and air outlet valve, control carbonization room temp and pressure;
C. beat the active fire fire grate, make to slide into cylinder through the rice husk of high temperature cabonization along the inner wall smooth steel pipe, and realize cooling fast, cooling after, can collect the good rice husk of carbonization from the cylinder mouth.
Further, the volume of putting into the rice husk of carbonizing chamber described in step a is no more than 4/5 of carbonizing chamber.
Further, connect circular electrical heating tube in step b, switch on after 5-8 minute, open intake valve, make pressure reach 120-180 pounds/square inch of gauge pressure, temperature, at 92-115 ℃, continues 20-30 minute; Then close intake valve, open vent valve, pressure is controlled under 120-180 pounds/square inch of gauge pressure, persistently overheating to 192-208 ℃, keep 30-35 minute; Continue again to regulate the carbonization room temp after 810-900 ℃.Close vent valve, make rice husk carry out the pyrolysis carbonization in the sealing anaerobic environment, continue 40-50 minute.
Further, opening the active fire fire grate in step c, make the high temperature cabonization rice husk slide into cylinder along the inner wall smooth steel pipe, is that 25 rev/mins of cylinders rotate through speed, realizes coolingly fast, continues after 50-60 minute, can be from the good rice husk of cylinder mouth collection carbonization.
Further, the rice husk carbonizing rate is greater than 99.7%, yield rate is greater than 99.5%, fusing point is higher than 1800 ℃.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
Rice husk carbonizing method of the present invention due in the process of carbonization rice husk, is carried out the pyrolysis carbonization to removing residual water-content in anaerobic environment, and anaerobic environment can be avoided the material burning, reduces the pollution of discharge to environment, improves the output capacity of material; In carbide furnace, because inboard wall of furnace body is covered with high temperature resistant heat insulation material, can reduce the power loss in carbonization process, improve the utilization ratio of heat; Because opening for feed and discharge port have all been taked seal approach, can provide for RESEARCH OF PYROCARBON the environment of sealing anoxic; Owing to adopting Electric heating, and be provided with the thermopair for monitoring, can regulate carbonization temperature according to different material; Because the carbonizing chamber bottom is provided with the inner wall smooth steel pipe, make the high temperature rice husk after carbonization slide into rotary drum, can make temperature cooling rapidly, improved the carbonization quality, present method has significantly reduced required watt consumption and the time of carbonization rice husk, improves yield rate, and simple to operate, easy to maintenance.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view of rice husk carbonizing device of the present invention.
Wherein: 1, carbonizing chamber, 2, the slip bell, 3, inner wall smooth steel pipe 4, cylinder 5, furnace body support, 10, moving grate, 11, the carbonizing chamber outer wall, 12, pressure warning unit, 13, circular electrical heating tube, 14, insulation material layer 15, carbonizing chamber inwall, 161, inlet pipe, 162, vapor pipe, 17, intake valve, 18, vent valve, 19, with the thermopair of thermometer, 41, gear, 42, motor.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The 8kg rice husk, after the removal of impurity, is put into to carbonizing chamber 1, cover slip bell 2.Connect circular electrical heating tube 3, switch on 7 minutes, open the air compressor be connected with intake valve 17, make pressure reach 170 pounds/square inchs of gauge pressures, temperature, at 95 ℃, continues 25 minutes, removes the moisture in rice husk.Close air compressor, close intake valve 17, open vent valve 18, pressure is controlled under 170 pounds/square inchs of gauge pressures, persistently overheating to 200 ℃, keep 35 minutes.After 9 to 830 ℃ of the interior temperature of continuation adjusting carbonizing chamber 1.Close the vent valve 18 on carbonizing chamber, make rice husk carry out the pyrolysis carbonization in the sealing anaerobic environment, continue 45 minutes.Detaching active fire fire grate 10, make the high temperature cabonization rice husk slide into cylinder 4 along inner wall smooth steel pipe 3, is that 25 rev/mins of cylinders rotate through speed, realizes coolingly fast, lasting after 55 minutes, from the cylinder mouth, collects.
Implementation result: through aforesaid method, drop into altogether rice husk material 8kg, the production time is 167 minutes, produce carbonization rice husk 1.5kg, productive rate is 19%, C content 63%, H content 2.4%, N content 1%, the rice husk carbonizing rate is 99.9%, yield rate is 99.7%, fusing point is 1830 ℃.
Embodiment 2
By slip bell 2, suitable rice husk is installed in carbonizing chamber to 1, carbonizing chamber 1 inner bottom part two ends adopt circular electrical heating tube 3, make the rice husk direct heating, thereby impel it to ignite.The insulating material 4 that the carbonizing chamber inwall adopts reduces the thermosteresis of carbonizing chamber inner arm 5 in burning and pyrolytic process.At first carbonizing chamber 1 is pressurized.Open the air compressor be connected with intake valve 17, air is delivered in carbonizing chamber 1 through air intake valve 17, by lifting carbonizing chamber 1 internal pressure, realizes required pressure.Then, energising makes the rice husk in circular electrical heating tube 13 heating carbonizing chambers 1, in heat-processed, can carry air-breathing to carbonizing chamber 1.Perhaps, can first heat the temperature of rice husk to burning-point, then add air, make carbonizing chamber 1 inside reach required pressure.Discharge gas by vent valve 18 from the carbonizing chamber upper right quarter, further control the pressure in carbonizing chamber 1.Carbonizing chamber 1 internal temperature can be monitored by thermopair 9.Carbonizing chamber 1 internal pressure can be monitored by pressure warning unit 12.Between the heating period before lighting, because rice husk contains moisture, easily vaporization, pressure can rise.When rice husk is lighted, the meeting that temperature and pressure rise is faster.Now, in circular electrical heating tube 3 energisings, within 5-8 minute, can close swap switch, so that the outer energizing quantity of carbonizing chamber 1 reduces to best.Discharge the carbonizing chamber internal gas by vent valve 18 when pressure warning unit 12 reaches the pressure prescribed limit, this specified limit generally is no more than 380 pounds/square inchs of gauge pressures.The optimum pressure scope control is 120-180 pounds/square inch of gauge pressure, to maintain burning.By every kilogram of dry rice husk, calculate, the total air that is delivered to carbonizing chamber 1 is no more than 1.7 kilograms.Carry the air required time to depend on air and material amount, in 60-90 minute.Gas in vent valve 18 and vapor pipe 16 release carbonizing chambers 1, to reduce the pressure in carbonizing chamber 1.After the abundant carbonization of rice husk in carbonizing chamber 1, through active fire fire grate 10, slide into cylinder 4 along inner wall smooth steel pipe 3, rotate through cylinder 4, realize coolingly fast, there is gear 41 at cylinder 4 two ends, gear 41 bottom positions have motor 42, motor 42 synchronously rotates, and speed is 25 rev/mins, and last cooled carbonization rice husk is collected.
In the above conditions, the accurate carbonization time of the rice husk in carbonizing chamber depends on and the moisture content of rice husk still, generally is no more than 122 minutes.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention is only for example of the present invention clearly is described, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here can't give all embodiments exhaustive.Every still row in protection scope of the present invention of apparent variation that technical scheme of the present invention extends out or change that belong to.

Claims (7)

1. a rice husk carbonizing device, is characterized in that: comprise carbonizing chamber (1), slip bell (2), inner wall smooth steel pipe (3), cylinder (4), furnace body support (5); Described carbonizing chamber (1) top center position is opening for feed, and slip bell (2) is placed on the opening for feed of carbonizing chamber (1); One end of described inner wall smooth steel pipe (3) is connected with the discharge port of carbonizing chamber (1) bottom centre position, and the position of connection is provided with moving grate (10), and the other end is connected with cylinder (13); Described cylinder (4) two ends are provided with gear (41), and gear (41) bottom position is provided with motor (42); The affixed furnace body support in bottom (5) on described carbonizing chamber (1) right side; Be provided with insulation material layer (14) between the inwall (15) of carbonizing chamber (1) and outer wall (11), carbonizing chamber (1) top is provided with inlet pipe (161) and vapor pipe (162), described inlet pipe (161) is provided with intake valve (17), and described vapor pipe (162) is with vent valve (18); Described carbonizing chamber (1) inner bottom part is provided with circular electrical heating tube (13), and middle part is provided with thermopair (19) and the pressure warning unit (12) with thermometer.
2. a kind of rice husk carbonizing device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be provided with sealing-ring between carbonizing chamber (1) and slip bell (2), between carbonizing chamber (1) and inner wall smooth steel pipe (3), be provided with sealing-ring.
3. according to the rice husk carbonizing method as the described device of claim 1-2, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
A. by after the rice husk removal of impurity, put into carbonizing chamber (1), cover slip bell (2);
B. connect circular electrical heating tube (13), the paddy rice rice husk that ignites of switching on, the thermopair with thermometer by control linkage in carbonizing chamber (1) (19), intake valve (17) and air outlet valve (18), control the interior temperature of carbonizing chamber (1) and pressure;
C. beat active fire fire grate (10), make to slide into cylinder (4) through the rice husk of high temperature cabonization along inner wall smooth steel pipe (3), and realize cooling fast, cooling after, can collect the good rice husk of carbonization from the cylinder mouth.
4. rice husk carbonizing method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the described volume of putting into the rice husk of carbonizing chamber (1) of step a is no more than 4/5 of carbonizing chamber (1).
5. rice husk carbonizing method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: connect circular electrical heating tube (13) in step b, switch on after 5-8 minute, open intake valve (17), make pressure reach 120-180 pounds/square inch of gauge pressure, temperature, at 92-115 ℃, continues 20-30 minute; Then close intake valve (17), open vent valve (18), pressure is controlled under 120-180 pounds/square inch of gauge pressure, persistently overheating to 192-208 ℃, keep 30-35 minute; Continue again to regulate the interior temperature of carbonizing chamber (1) after 810-900 ℃.Close vent valve (18), make rice husk carry out the pyrolysis carbonization in the sealing anaerobic environment, continue 40-50 minute.
6. rice husk carbonizing method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: open active fire fire grate (11) in step c, make the high temperature cabonization rice husk slide into cylinder (4) along inner wall smooth steel pipe (3), through speed, be that 25 rev/mins of cylinders (4) rotate, realize cooling fast, continue after 50-60 minute, can collect the good rice husk of carbonization from cylinder (4) mouthful.
7. rice husk carbonizing method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the rice husk carbonizing rate is greater than 99.7%, yield rate is greater than 99.5%, fusing point is higher than 1800 ℃.
CN201310366651.8A 2013-08-21 2013-08-21 Rice hull carbonization device and method Active CN103468283B (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103963128A (en) * 2014-04-21 2014-08-06 武汉理工大学 Plant fiber semi-carbonization equipment
CN104479701A (en) * 2014-11-03 2015-04-01 嘉兴市新角机械制造有限公司 Biomass carbonization and cooling-filtrating integrated device
CN106047392A (en) * 2016-07-13 2016-10-26 河北天善生物技术有限公司 Biomass carbonization and purification technology and system achieving high gas production quantity
CN108085030A (en) * 2017-12-26 2018-05-29 许辰光 Inside and outside Hybrid Heating continuously carbonizing device

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1520450A (en) * 2001-06-28 2004-08-11 ̫ƽ��̼��ʯī�������ι�˾ Process for flash carbonization of biomass
CN201593035U (en) * 2009-12-16 2010-09-29 王士元 Gas production device using spiral dry distillation and decomposition of biomass
CN102533292A (en) * 2011-12-15 2012-07-04 江苏省农业科学院 Method of preparing biomass charcoal with biomass material and carbonization furnace

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1520450A (en) * 2001-06-28 2004-08-11 ̫ƽ��̼��ʯī�������ι�˾ Process for flash carbonization of biomass
CN201593035U (en) * 2009-12-16 2010-09-29 王士元 Gas production device using spiral dry distillation and decomposition of biomass
CN102533292A (en) * 2011-12-15 2012-07-04 江苏省农业科学院 Method of preparing biomass charcoal with biomass material and carbonization furnace

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103963128A (en) * 2014-04-21 2014-08-06 武汉理工大学 Plant fiber semi-carbonization equipment
CN104479701A (en) * 2014-11-03 2015-04-01 嘉兴市新角机械制造有限公司 Biomass carbonization and cooling-filtrating integrated device
CN106047392A (en) * 2016-07-13 2016-10-26 河北天善生物技术有限公司 Biomass carbonization and purification technology and system achieving high gas production quantity
CN108085030A (en) * 2017-12-26 2018-05-29 许辰光 Inside and outside Hybrid Heating continuously carbonizing device

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