CN214830112U

CN214830112U - Biomass tubular cracking furnace

Info

Publication number: CN214830112U
Application number: CN202120546632.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杜清; 程韶宏; 丁无极
Original assignee: HANGZHOU SPECIAL EQUIPMENT INSPECTION AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Current assignee: HANGZHOU SPECIAL EQUIPMENT INSPECTION AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Priority date: 2021-03-17
Filing date: 2021-03-17
Publication date: 2021-11-23
Anticipated expiration: 2031-03-17

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biomass tubular cracking furnace, which comprises a furnace chamber and at least one group of cracking tubes arranged in the furnace chamber; a burner is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the furnace chamber; the cracking tube is vertically arranged in the furnace chamber, the upper end and the lower end of the cracking tube are respectively positioned outside the furnace chamber, the upper end and the lower end of the cracking tube are respectively provided with an opening, the opening at the upper end of the cracking tube is provided with a sealed rotary feed valve, the opening at the lower end of the cracking tube is provided with a sealed rotary discharge valve, and the sealed rotary feed valve and the sealed rotary discharge valve are in rotary sealing connection with the inner wall of the cracking tube; the center line of the inner cavity of the cracking tube is provided with a sealed ceramic filter tube, and the ceramic filter tube is provided with a fuel gas output tube communicated with the outside. Adopt the utility model discloses a living beings tubular cracking furnace obtains the combustible gas calorific value that is higher than adopting the air combustion method to obtain greatly.

Description

Biomass tubular cracking furnace

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a biomass energy equipment technical field, concretely relates to novel living beings tubular cracking furnace.

Background

At present, biomass energy resources such as straws, branches, shells, waste wood, old furniture, sawdust and the like are utilized, and the method at the forefront is to crush the biomass energy resources, send the crushed biomass energy resources into a boiler to generate steam, generate electricity by using the steam or prepare the steam into particles, replace coal and burn the particles in a small boiler, so that the value of the biomass is not utilized to the full extent; most biomass is still scattered to be burned as folk farm fuel, which pollutes the environment and has low utilization efficiency, or an earth kiln is used for preparing carbon, combustible gas is wasted and pollutes air.

At present, although a biomass air carbonization furnace can generate fuel gas and carbon after cracking and simultaneously recover tar and wood wax, the generated fuel gas has lower calorific value (5 MJ/m)³) In order to increase the calorific value of fuel gas, membrane type oxygen production is adopted, and the calorific value of fuel gas is increased by an oxygen gasification method, so that the investment cost is increased, and therefore, a biomass cracking furnace capable of solving the problems is needed.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide a novel living beings tubular cracking furnace for with living beings cracking biomass charcoal and combustible gas.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a living beings tubular cracking furnace, include: a furnace chamber and at least one set of cracking tubes disposed in the furnace chamber;

the furnace chamber is a sealed chamber formed by enclosing a high-temperature-resistant furnace wall, and a burner is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the furnace chamber;

the cracking tube is vertically arranged in the furnace chamber, the upper end and the lower end of the cracking tube are respectively positioned outside the furnace chamber, the upper end and the lower end of the cracking tube are respectively provided with an opening, the opening at the upper end of the cracking tube is provided with a sealed rotary feeding valve, the opening at the lower end of the cracking tube is provided with a sealed rotary discharging valve, and the sealed rotary feeding valve and the sealed rotary discharging valve are in rotary sealing connection with the inner wall of the cracking tube;

the cracking tube is characterized in that a sealed ceramic filter tube is arranged at the center line of the inner cavity of the cracking tube, and a fuel gas output tube communicated with the outside is arranged on the ceramic filter tube.

As the utility model discloses a biomass tubular cracking furnace's improvement:

and metal fins are arranged outside the tube wall of the cracking tube and are positioned in the furnace chamber.

As a further improvement of the biomass tubular cracking furnace of the utility model:

and a valve front cooling device is sleeved on the outer surface of the pipe wall of the lower end of the cracking pipe extending out of the bottom of the furnace chamber.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are mainly embodied in that:

the biomass passing through the sealed cracking tube is subjected to dry distillation at the temperature of 600 ℃ to separate out combustible gas and porous biomass charcoal, and the calorific value of the combustible gas can reach 15MJ/m³The heat value of the combustible gas is greatly higher than that of the combustible gas obtained by adopting an air combustion method, the post-treatment and the application of the combustible gas are facilitated, and meanwhile, the obtained porous biomass charcoal has wide application range and can reasonably and comprehensively utilize biomass energy.

Drawings

The following describes the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a biomass tubular cracking furnace of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the cracking tube 17 in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the scope of protection of the invention is not limited thereto:

example 1, a novel biomass tubular cracking furnace, as shown in fig. 1-2, an apparatus for cracking biomass into biomass char and combustible gas, comprising a furnace chamber 12 and a cracking tube 17 disposed in the furnace chamber 12;

the furnace chamber 12 is a sealed chamber enclosed by a high-temperature-resistant furnace wall 9, a combustor 3 is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the furnace chamber 12, and the combustor 3 is connected with an external air source and used for heating the furnace chamber 12 and providing the temperature required by biomass cracking; as a conventional technique, a furnace chamber 12 is further provided with heating accessories such as an explosion-proof door, a temperature sensor, and a flue port.

According to the yield of biomass cracking, N groups of cracking pipes 17 are arranged in a furnace chamber 12, the pipe body of each group of cracking pipes 17 is a sealed pipeline made of a material with good metal heat resistance and is vertically arranged in the furnace chamber 12, so that biomass can be heated into biomass charcoal by high temperature in the process of moving from top to bottom in the cracking pipes 17 by means of the self gravity, the upper end and the lower end of each cracking pipe 17 are open and are respectively positioned outside the furnace chamber 12, a sealed rotary feed valve 13 is arranged at the opening at the upper end of each cracking pipe 17, the sealed rotary feed valve 13 is connected with the inner wall of each cracking pipe 17 in a rotary sealing manner, when in feeding, the biomass with a certain size is fed into the cracking pipes 17 through continuous rotation of the sealed rotary feed valves 13, and meanwhile, the sealed rotary feed valves 13 can enable the inner cavities of the cracking pipes 17 to be always kept in a sealing state; the pipe wall outer surface of the lower end of the cracking pipe 17 extending out of the bottom of the furnace chamber 12 is sleeved with a valve front cooling device 4, the valve front cooling device 4 adopts a water cooling jacket mode, a sealed rotary discharge valve 19 is arranged at an opening at the lower end of the cracking pipe 17 (positioned below the valve front cooling device 4), the sealed rotary discharge valve 19 is in rotary seal connection with the inner wall of the cracking pipe 17, when discharging, cracked biomass charcoal firstly passes through the part of the cracking pipe 17 surrounded by the valve front cooling device 4, so that the temperature of the biomass charcoal is reduced, the biomass charcoal is convenient to discharge from the furnace and package, then the cooled biomass charcoal is discharged out of the cracking pipe 17 through the sealed rotary discharge valve 19 which continuously rotates, and meanwhile, the sealed rotary discharge valve 19 can enable the inner cavity of the cracking pipe 17 to be always kept in a sealed state; the residence time of the biomass in the cracking pipe 17 can be controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of the sealed rotary feed valve 13 and the sealed rotary discharge valve 19, so that different biomasses can be sufficiently cracked and converted into biomass charcoal in the cracking pipe 17, and the sealed rotary feed valve 13 and the sealed rotary discharge valve 19 always keep the inside of the cracking pipe 17 in a sealed state when the furnace chamber 12 is heated and cracked.

A sealed ceramic filter pipe 14 is arranged at the center line of the inner cavity of the cracking pipe 17, the ceramic filter pipe 14 is hollow and used for filtering and collecting combustible gas generated during cracking of biomass, a fuel gas output pipe 18 is arranged on the ceramic filter pipe 14, and the fuel gas output pipe 18 is communicated with an external fuel gas collecting device (such as a gas storage tank) and used for conveying the combustible gas in the ceramic filter pipe 14 to the external fuel gas collecting device, so that clean combustible gas is obtained;

the outer wall of the cracking tube 17 is provided with a metal fin 171, and the metal fin 171 is positioned in the furnace chamber 12 and used for increasing the heating surface and enhancing the heat transfer.

The utility model discloses a use method does:

1. biomass is pretreated to a feed size suitable for the sealed rotary feed valve 13;

2. first start-up phase

Firstly, baking and heating the furnace chamber 12, and feeding and putting into production after the furnace temperature in the furnace chamber 12 reaches 600 ℃ so that the cracking tube 17 is filled with pretreated biomass;

after the biomass in the cracking pipe 17 is cracked into biomass charcoal, starting the combustor 3, the sealed rotary feed valve 13 and the sealed rotary discharge valve 19, and entering a continuous production stage;

3. continuous production phase

The pretreated biomass continuously enters the cracking pipe 17 through the rotation of the sealed rotary feeding valve 13;

the sealed rotary feeding valve 13 and the sealed rotary discharging valve 19 continuously rotate, so that the biomass entering the cracking pipe 17 continuously moves from the upper end to the lower end, and in the moving process, the biomass is heated at high temperature to generate cracking reaction to form biomass charcoal; meanwhile, combustible gas is released, filtered by the wall of the ceramic filter pipe 14, enters the inner cavity of the ceramic filter pipe 14, and then is discharged to an external fuel gas collecting device through a fuel gas output pipe 18 for collection and storage;

the biomass charcoal moving to the lower part of the cracking pipe 17 enters the part of the cracking pipe 17 surrounded by the cooling device 4 in front of the valve, exchanges heat with the cooling device 4 in front of the valve, and is discharged to the outside through the sealed rotary discharge valve 19 after the temperature of the biomass charcoal is reduced to the required temperature;

during continuous production, the furnace temperature in the furnace chamber 12 is maintained at 600 ℃.

It should be noted that, each step in the above method can be controlled by a manual or an external control center, and since the external control center does not belong to the scope of the present invention, the implementation principle and the specific structure thereof are not described in detail herein.

Finally, it is also noted that the above-mentioned list is only a few specific embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and many modifications are possible. All modifications which can be derived or suggested by a person skilled in the art from the disclosure of the invention should be considered as within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A biomass tubular cracking furnace, characterized by comprising a furnace chamber (12) and at least one set of cracking tubes (17) arranged in the furnace chamber (12);

the furnace chamber (12) is a sealed chamber formed by enclosing a high-temperature-resistant furnace wall (9), and a combustor (3) is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the furnace chamber (12);

the cracking pipe (17) is vertically arranged in the furnace chamber (12), the upper end and the lower end of the cracking pipe (17) are respectively positioned outside the furnace chamber (12), the upper end and the lower end of the cracking pipe are respectively opened, a sealed rotary feed valve (13) is arranged at the opening at the upper end of the cracking pipe (17), a sealed rotary discharge valve (19) is arranged at the opening at the lower end of the cracking pipe (17), and the sealed rotary feed valve (13) and the sealed rotary discharge valve (19) are in rotary sealing connection with the inner wall of the cracking pipe (17);

the central line of the inner cavity of the cracking pipe (17) is provided with a sealed ceramic filter pipe (14), and the ceramic filter pipe (14) is provided with a fuel gas output pipe (18) communicated with the outside.

2. A biomass tubular cracking furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

and metal fins (171) are arranged outside the tube wall of the cracking tube (17), and the metal fins (171) are positioned in the furnace chamber (12).

3. A biomass tubular cracking furnace as claimed in claim 2, wherein:

the outer surface of the pipe wall of the lower end of the cracking pipe (17) extending out of the bottom of the furnace chamber (12) is sleeved with a valve front cooling device (4).