CN207958240U

CN207958240U - A kind of retort

Info

Publication number: CN207958240U
Application number: CN201820182556.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李咸杰
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-01-31
Filing date: 2018-01-31
Publication date: 2018-10-12
Anticipated expiration: 2028-01-31

Abstract

Include the carbonization furnace body with furnace chamber, combustion heating chamber, carbonization chamber, smoke-surveying device in stove the utility model discloses a kind of retort.Wherein, the design of the first layer iron covering at the top of second layer iron covering and carbonization chamber at the top of carbonization furnace body, so that carbonization chamber pressure after heated increases and so that two layers of iron covering is jacked up and gap occurs, this gap, which can effectively discharge fume, to be vented and balances the pressure difference inside and outside stove in time；In addition, there are the designs in gap between channel and upper cover, so that after heat is communicated up by channel, it can be transferred uniformly into after encountering upper cover at charing raw material, to make the heat and moderate temperature of carbonization chamber, both it will not make part material excessive burning because temperature and heat are excessively high, and the phenomenon that part material does not carbonize will not occur because temperature and heat are too low, to make entire furnace body be heated evenly.The utility model can integrate drying and charing, can make full use of heat in stove, effectively increase charcoal yield, application prospect is extensive.

Description

A kind of retort

Technical field

The utility model is related to biomass carbonated apparatus fields, and in particular to a kind of structure of retort.

Background technology

Charing refers to the process of that organic substance is thermally decomposed and leaves residue or charcoal.In this course, non-in raw material Carbonizable substance is removed, and generates the pore space structure based on fixed carbon, and reaction is relative complex.In general, biomass material into Enter in carbonizing apparatus, successively experience drying, pre- charing, charing and burning four-stage ultimately generate charcoal.China has long-drawn-out Long history of making charcoal, earliest carbonizing apparatus occur in the form of kiln, generally using earth kiln or brickkiln as reaction unit, charing is former Expect in (weeds, stalk, deadwood, fallen leaves etc.) filling kiln, provides carbonization process institute calorific requirement by kiln fuel combustion, then Carbonizing kiln is closed, kiln is open-top to have venthole, charing raw material to carry out Slow cooling in kiln in the environment of anoxic, be finally made Charcoal.The process is slow pyrolysis process and the highest carbonizing method of charcoal yield, but this charcoal processing mode it is long there are the period and Charcoal unstable quality obtained is not suitable for the problems such as large-scale production.

With the development of science and technology, carbonizing device has certain improvement, biomass carbonization device in the prior art Be divided into two types, one is carbonization kiln by hand and half industrial carbonization kettle, both devices need always during the work time according to Thermal energy is provided to carry out high temperature cabonization to biomass material by the external world, carbonization heating time at least needs 10 days, carbonization time length, Low yield, high energy consumption, and biomass material is more more than directly burned institute by the degree of generation polluted gas in carbonisation The degree for generating polluted gas, has seriously polluted the environment；Another kind is retort, and the retort is complicated, bulky, makes Valence cost is excessively high, be not appropriate for mass produce and promote, so at present charcoal production still generally with by hand be carbonized kiln and Based on half industry carbonization kettle, there is charing period length, carbonization process is difficult to control, char yield rate is not high enough, heat transfer is not uniform enough, money The shortcomings of source waste serious (direct emissions such as oil, gas).

Utility model content

In order to overcome drawbacks described above existing in the prior art, the utility model to give up cigarette indispensable in existing retort Chimney devises a kind of retort, wherein the first layer iron covering at the top of second layer iron covering and carbonization chamber at the top of carbonization furnace body Design, can both play the role of traditional chimney, effectively smoke evacuation exhaust, and can balance the pressure difference inside and outside stove in time；Meanwhile in stove Design in smoke-surveying device between channel roof and upper cover there are gap so that the heat and temperature being transferred at charing raw material are suitable In, to which entire furnace chamber body is heated evenly and improves char yield rate.

The solution that the utility model solves its technical problem is：A kind of retort includes the retort stove with furnace chamber The bottom of body, combustion heating chamber, carbonization chamber, smoke-surveying device in stove, the carbonization furnace body is equipped with combustion heating chamber, retort stove The lateral wall of body is the outer enclosure wall being built by refractory brick, and the top of carbonization furnace body is equipped with mobilizable second layer iron covering, described Also have in carbonization furnace body and be located at carbonization chamber above combustion heating chamber, the carbonization chamber by wall thickness 2mm or more the second layer Iron plate surrounds, and the top of carbonization chamber is equipped with mobilizable first layer iron covering, and the bottom of carbonization chamber is equipped with smoke-surveying device in stove, described There is smoke-surveying device the channel of connection carbonization chamber and combustion heating chamber, the top in the channel to be equipped with upper cover, and upper channel in stove Between have a gap, be additionally provided with vertical fence or plate washer in the stove at left and right sides of smoke-surveying device, the fence or plate washer Bottom is connected with the second layer iron plate of bottom of carbonization chamber, and the channel is higher than fence or plate washer, the combustion heating chamber and charcoal Change is additionally provided with first layer iron net between room.

As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, is additionally provided between the bottom of the carbonization chamber and first layer iron net One layer of iron plate.

As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, it is weldering between the fence or the bottom and second layer iron plate of plate washer It connects.

As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the upper cover is arc or hemispherical.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that：The utility model has given up chimney indispensable in existing retort, devises A kind of retort, wherein the design of the first layer iron covering at the top of second layer iron covering and carbonization chamber at the top of carbonization furnace body so that Pressure increases so that first layer iron covering and second layer iron covering are jacked up and gap occur in oven carbonization chamber after retort is heated, Furnace body is discharged in the useless cigarette and exhaust gas that charing raw material generates in dry and carbonization process from this gap, can both play conventional smoke The effect of chimney, effectively smoke evacuation exhaust, and the pressure difference inside and outside stove can be balanced in time；In addition, carbonizing smoke-surveying device in indoor stove In, there are the designs in gap between channel roof and upper cover so that the heat of combustion heating chamber outflow is communicated up by channel Afterwards, it can be transferred uniformly into after encountering upper cover at charing raw material, to make the effect of heat and moderate temperature at charing raw material Fruit both will not make part material excessive burning because temperature and heat are excessively high, portion will not occur because temperature and heat are too low The phenomenon that dividing raw material not carbonize, to make entire furnace chamber body be heated evenly and effectively increase char yield rate.The utility model can Integrate drying and charing, heat in stove can be made full use of, effectively increases charcoal yield, greatly reduce cost, apply Foreground is extensive.

Description of the drawings

It is required in being described below to embodiment in order to illustrate more clearly of the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model Attached drawing to be used is briefly described.Obviously, described attached drawing is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, rather than complete Portion's embodiment, those skilled in the art without creative efforts, can also be obtained according to these attached drawings it His design scheme and attached drawing.

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model；

Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged view in the portions A in Fig. 1；

Reference sign：

101, outer enclosure wall；102, second layer iron covering；103, first layer iron net；104, first layer iron plate；2, combustion heating chamber； 3, carbonization chamber；301, smoke-surveying device in stove；302, second layer iron plate；303, first layer iron covering；304, fence or plate washer；305, charcoal Change at raw material；306, raw material is carbonized；3011, channel；3012, upper cover.

Specific implementation mode

The technique effect of the design of the utility model, concrete structure and generation is carried out below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing It clearly and completely describes, to be completely understood by the purpose of this utility model, feature and effect.Obviously, described embodiment It is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, rather than whole embodiments, it is based on the embodiments of the present invention, the skill of this field The other embodiment that art personnel are obtained without creative efforts belongs to the model of the utility model protection It encloses.In addition, all connection/connection relations being previously mentioned in text, not singly refer to component and directly connect, and referring to can be according to specific reality Situation is applied, by adding or reducing couple auxiliary, to form more preferably coupling structure.Each technology in the utility model creation Feature, can be with combination of interactions under the premise of not conflicting conflict.

As shown in Figs. 1-2, a kind of retort includes the carbonization furnace body with furnace chamber, combustion heating chamber 2, carbonization chamber 3, stove The bottom of interior smoke-surveying device 301, the carbonization furnace body is equipped with combustion heating chamber 2, and the lateral wall of carbonization furnace body is by fire resisting It is brick at outer enclosure wall 101, the top of carbonization furnace body is equipped with mobilizable second layer iron covering 102, in the carbonization furnace body Also there is the carbonization chamber 3 for the top for being located at combustion heating chamber 2, carbonization chamber 3 to be surrounded by the second layer iron plate 302 of wall thickness 2mm, carbonize The top of room 3 is equipped with mobilizable first layer iron covering 303,3 top of second layer iron covering 102 and carbonization chamber at the top of carbonization furnace body First layer iron covering 303 design so that pressure increases so that first layer iron covering in oven carbonization chamber 3 after retort is heated 303 and second layer iron covering 102 jacked up and gap occur, the useless cigarette and exhaust gas that charing raw material generates in dry and carbonization process Furnace body is discharged from this gap, can both play the role of traditional chimney, effectively smoke evacuation exhaust, and can balance inside and outside stove in time Pressure difference；The bottom of carbonization chamber 3 is equipped with smoke-surveying device 301 in stove, and smoke-surveying device 301 has connection 3 He of carbonization chamber in the stove The top in the channel 3011 of combustion heating chamber 2, the channel 3011 is equipped with mobilizable upper cover 3012, and upper cover 3012 and channel There is gap between 3011 so that after the heat that combustion heating chamber 2 is spread out of is communicated up by channel 3011, encountering upper cover 3012 After can be transferred uniformly into charing raw material at 305, to make the effect of 305 heat and moderate temperature at charing raw material, neither It can make part material excessive burning because temperature and heat are excessively high, part material will not occur not because temperature and heat are too low The phenomenon that charing, to make entire furnace chamber body be heated evenly and effectively increase char yield rate；Smoke-surveying device 301 in the stove The left and right sides is additionally provided with vertical fence or plate washer 304, can effectively completely cut off the open fire from combustion heating chamber 2, the fence or The bottom of plate washer 304 is connected with the second layer iron plate 302 of 3 bottom of carbonization chamber, is effectively isolated charing raw material, makes charing raw material not It is in direct contact with higher 3011 outer wall of channel of temperature and the phenomenon that excessively carbonizing occurs, the channel 3011 is higher than fence or shelves Plate 304 helps have the radiating surface of bigger to carbonizing raw material by the heat that channel 3011, which is communicated up, encounters upper cover 3012 Product, to make heat more fully be utilized, first layer iron net 103 is additionally provided between the combustion heating chamber 2 and carbonization chamber 3, So that the heat of combustion heating chamber 2 is timely transmitted to the carbonization chamber 3 of top.Meanwhile set in the outer enclosure wall 101 of carbonization furnace body by The structure for the carbonization chamber 3 that second layer iron plate 302 surrounds so that the even heat in retort, poly- temp effect are excellent.

As further preferred embodiment, is additionally provided between the bottom and first layer iron net 103 of the carbonization chamber 3 One layer of iron plate 104, the hot-spot that can be effectively isolated between 3011 outer wall of channel and fence or plate washer 304 and make close to second There is excessively charing in the charing raw material of layer iron plate 302.

As further preferred embodiment, it is between the fence or the bottom and second layer iron plate 302 of plate washer 304 Welding makes fence or plate washer 304 and second layer iron plate 302 constitute charing raw material lay down location 305, and avoids weld appearance Open fire.

As further preferred embodiment, the upper cover 3012 is arc or hemispherical so that the heat of bottom can It is more uniformly transferred to from multiple directions 305 from charing raw material, degree of carbonization and charred effect to make raw material reach best.

The better embodiment of the utility model is illustrated above, but the invention be not limited to it is described Embodiment, those skilled in the art can also make various equivalent changes without departing from the spirit of the present invention Type or replacement, these equivalent modifications or replacement are all contained in the application claim limited range.

Claims

1. a kind of retort, it is characterised in that：Include the carbonization furnace body with furnace chamber, combustion heating chamber, carbonization chamber, send cigarette in stove The bottom of device, the carbonization furnace body is equipped with combustion heating chamber, and the lateral wall of carbonization furnace body is outer to be built by refractory brick Enclosure wall, the top of carbonization furnace body are equipped with mobilizable second layer iron covering, also have in the carbonization furnace body be located at burning plus Carbonization chamber above hot chamber, the carbonization chamber are surrounded by the second layer iron plate of wall thickness 2mm or more, and the top of carbonization chamber is equipped with and can live Dynamic first layer iron covering, the bottom of carbonization chamber are equipped with smoke-surveying device in stove, in the stove smoke-surveying device have connection carbonization chamber and The top in the channel of combustion heating chamber, the channel is equipped with upper cover, and has gap between upper channel, smoke-surveying device in the stove The left and right sides is additionally provided with vertical fence or plate washer, the second layer iron plate phase of the bottom and bottom of carbonization chamber of the fence or plate washer Connection, the channel are higher than fence or plate washer, first layer iron net are additionally provided between the combustion heating chamber and carbonization chamber.

2. retort according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Between the bottom and first layer iron net of the carbonization chamber also Equipped with first layer iron plate.

3. retort according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The bottom of the fence or plate washer and second layer iron plate it Between for welding.

4. retort according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The upper cover is arc or hemispherical.