CN103467933A - 一种改性聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯颗粒料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种改性聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯颗粒料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种改性聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯颗粒料的制备方法，该方法以79～85重量份聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯为基本原料，添加14～20重量份马来酸酐接枝苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物和0.5～1重量份三（2,4-二叔丁基苯基）亚磷酸酯，通过干燥除湿、物料混合、熔融挤出、牵引冷却、切粒包装工艺加工而成改性聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯颗粒料。采用本方法制成的颗粒料，与纯聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯树脂相比，断裂伸长率提高200%以上，缺口冲击强度提高130%以上，拉伸强度和弯曲强度有所下降，相对密度和熔点略有降低，物理力学性能优良，适用于注射成型抗冲击电子电器壳体、抗冲击工程塑料配件等制品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及改性塑料颗粒料的制备方法，具体的说是一种改性聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯颗粒料的制备方法。
背景技术
聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PBT)是一种结晶型热塑性工程塑料，具有耐热温度高、耐疲劳性好、尺寸稳定、力学强度高、电绝缘性能好、高温下蠕变小等优点，已成为继聚酰胺（PA)、聚碳酸酯（PC)、聚甲醛（POM)和改性聚苯醚（MPPO)之后的第五大通用工程塑料，并在汽车、机械、家用电器等领域得到应用。然而，纯PBT存在对缺口冲击敏感、韧性差、缺口冲击强度低等缺陷，从而限制其应用领域。
近年来，国内外研究人员采用增韧改性方法对PBT进行改性，如采用POE-g-MA对PBT增韧改性，研究了不同接枝率的POE-g-MA对PBT／POE-g-MA共混物力学性能、结构以及熔融结晶行为的影响，结果表明，POE接枝MA后可明显提高POE与PBT的相容性及PBT的冲击性能；又如，选用硅烷偶联剂对钠基蒙脱土进行改性，采用熔融共混法制备了不同类型的蒙脱土／PBT纳米复合材料，提高PBT复合材料的拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度。检索大量的专利文献和公开发表的研究论文，尚未见采用聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PBT）为基本原料，添加马来酸酐接枝苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物 (SEBS-g-MAH)、三（2,4-二叔丁基苯基）亚磷酸酯，制成改性聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（改性PBT）颗粒料的报道。
发明内容
为了克服现有聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PBT）缺口冲击敏感、制品韧性差、缺口冲击强度低等缺陷，本发明提供了一种改性聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯颗粒料的制备方法。本方法以聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PBT）为基本原料，添加马来酸酐接枝苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物 (SEBS-g-MAH)、 三（2,4-二叔丁基苯基）亚磷酸酯，通过干燥除湿、物料混合、熔融挤出、牵引冷却、切粒包装工艺加工而成改性聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（改性PBT）颗粒料。采用本方法制成的颗粒料，与纯PBT树脂相比，断裂伸长率提高200%以上，缺口冲击强度提高130%以上，拉伸强度和弯曲强度有所下降，相对密度和熔点略有降低，物理力学性能优良，适用于注射成型抗冲击电子电器壳体、抗冲击工程塑料配件等制品。
为了实现本发明目的所采用的以下技术方案：
配方
聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PBT）79～85重量份，马来酸酐接枝苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物 (SEBS-g-MAH)14～20重量份，三（2,4-二叔丁基苯基）亚磷酸酯0.5～1重量份。
制备方法
将聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PBT）置于电热恒温鼓风干燥机中，控制电热恒温鼓风干燥机温度117±1℃，干燥4h；将马来酸酐接枝苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物 (SEBS-g-MAH)置于另一台电热恒温鼓风干燥机中，控制电热恒温鼓风干燥机温度102±1℃，干燥2h；按配方比例称取干燥后的聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PBT）和干燥后的马来酸酐接枝苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS-g-MAH)置于高速搅拌机中，加入计量后的三（2,4-二叔丁基苯基）亚磷酸酯，控制高速搅拌机转速500r/min、温度93±1℃，搅拌混合5 min成混合料；将混合料置于同向双螺杆挤出成型机料斗中，控制同向双螺杆挤出成型机料筒温度：Ⅰ区197～202℃、Ⅱ区208～213℃、Ⅲ区217～222℃、Ⅳ区228～233℃、Ⅴ区238～243℃、Ⅵ区247～252℃、Ⅶ区255～260℃、Ⅷ区258～262℃，模头温度：252～255℃，控制同向双螺杆挤出成型机螺杆转速220-260 r/min，熔融共混挤出；再经牵引冷却、切粒包装成颗粒料。
本发明所述的聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PBT），其相对密度为1.32、熔点为225℃、缺口冲击强度为3.45KJ/m2、断裂伸长率为14.25%、拉伸强度为58.56MPa、弯曲强度为78.83 MPa。
本发明所述的马来酸酐接枝苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物 (SEBS-g-MAH)，其马来酸酐接枝率质量百分数为1.8％、熔体质量流动速率为3.5g/10min。
本发明的有益效果是：采用马来酸酐接枝苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物 (SEBS-g-MAH)为增韧材料，对聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PBT）进行增韧改性，大幅度提高PBT / SEBS-g- MAH共混材料的断裂伸长率和缺口冲击强度；采用三（2,4-二叔丁基苯基）亚磷酸酯为抗氧剂，提高PBT / SEBS-g- MAH共混材料熔融挤出过程抗氧化效果和热成型加工稳定性。本方法制成的改性PBT颗粒料，与纯PBT树脂相比，断裂伸长率提高200%以上，缺口冲击强度提高130%以上，拉伸强度和弯曲强度有所下降，相对密度和熔点略有降低，物理力学性能优良，适用于注射成型抗冲击电子电器壳体、抗冲击工程塑料配件等制品。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
将相对密度为1.32、熔点为225℃、缺口冲击强度为3.45KJ/m2、断裂伸长率为14.25%、拉伸强度为58.56MPa、弯曲强度为78.83 MPa的PBT树脂置于电热恒温鼓风干燥机中，控制电热恒温鼓风干燥机温度117℃，干燥4h；将马来酸酐接枝率质量百分数为1.8％、熔体质量流动速率为3.5g/10min 的SEBS-g-MAH 置于另一台电热恒温鼓风干燥机中，控制电热恒温鼓风干燥机温度102℃，干燥2h；称取干燥后的PBT树脂82㎏和干燥后的SEBS-g-MAH 17㎏置于高速搅拌机中，加入三（2,4-二叔丁基苯基）亚磷酸酯0.7㎏，控制高速搅拌机转速500r/min、温度93℃，搅拌混合5 min成混合料；将混合料置于同向双螺杆挤出成型机料斗中，控制同向双螺杆挤出成型机料筒温度：Ⅰ区200℃、Ⅱ区210℃、Ⅲ区220℃、Ⅳ区230℃、Ⅴ区240℃、Ⅵ区250℃、Ⅶ区257℃、Ⅷ区260℃，模头温度：253℃，控制同向双螺杆挤出成型机螺杆转速240 r/min，熔融共混挤出；再经牵引冷却、切粒包装成颗粒料。
实施例1制成的颗粒料，其性能测试结果见表1，与纯PBT树脂相比，其断裂伸长率提高了270.81%，缺口冲击强度提高了162.61%，拉伸强度降低了11.15%，弯曲强度降低了12.80%，相对密度降低了4.55%，熔点降低了1.42%，物理力学性能优良，适用于注射成型抗冲击电子电器壳体、抗冲击工程塑料配件等制品。
表1 纯PBT树脂、改性PBT颗粒料物理力学性能
实施例2：
将相对密度为1.32、熔点为225℃、缺口冲击强度为3.45KJ/m2、断裂伸长率为14.25%、拉伸强度为58.56MPa、弯曲强度为78.83MPa的PBT树脂置于电热恒温鼓风干燥机中，控制电热恒温鼓风干燥机温度116℃，干燥4h；将马来酸酐接枝率质量百分数为1.8％、熔体质量流动速率为3.5g/10min 的SEBS-g-MAH置于另一台电热恒温鼓风干燥机中，控制电热恒温鼓风干燥机温度101℃，干燥2h；称取干燥后的PBT树脂79㎏和干燥后的SEBS-g-MAH 20㎏置于高速搅拌机中，加入三（2,4-二叔丁基苯基）亚磷酸酯1㎏，控制高速搅拌机转速500r/min、温度92℃，搅拌混合5 min成混合料；将混合料置于同向双螺杆挤出成型机料斗中，控制同向双螺杆挤出成型机料筒温度：Ⅰ区197℃、Ⅱ区208℃、Ⅲ区217℃、Ⅳ区228℃、Ⅴ区238℃、Ⅵ区247℃、Ⅶ区255℃、Ⅷ区258℃，模头温度：252℃，控制同向双螺杆挤出成型机螺杆转速220 r/min，熔融共混挤出；再经牵引冷却、切粒包装成颗粒料。
实施例2制成的颗粒料，其性能测试结果见表2，与纯PBT树脂相比，其断裂伸长率提高了284.14%，缺口冲击强度提高了183.48%，拉伸强度降低了12.52%，弯曲强度降低了14.20%，相对密度降低了5.30%，熔点降低了1.56%，物理力学性能优良，适用于注射成型抗冲击电子电器壳体、抗冲击工程塑料配件等制品。
表2 纯PBT树脂、改性PBT颗粒料物理力学性能
实施例3：
将相对密度为1.32、熔点为225℃、缺口冲击强度为3.45KJ/m2、断裂伸长率为14.25%、拉伸强度为58.56MPa、弯曲强度为78.83 MPa的PBT树脂置于电热恒温鼓风干燥机中，控制电热恒温鼓风干燥机温度118℃，干燥4h；将马来酸酐接枝率质量百分数为1.8％、熔体质量流动速率为3.5g/10min 的SEBS-g-MAH 置于另一台电热恒温鼓风干燥机中，控制电热恒温鼓风干燥机温度103℃，干燥2h；称取干燥后的PBT树脂85㎏和干燥后的SEBS-g-MAH 14㎏置于高速搅拌机中，加入三（2,4-二叔丁基苯基）亚磷酸酯0.5㎏，控制高速搅拌机转速500r/min、温度94℃，搅拌混合5 min成混合料；将混合料置于同向双螺杆挤出成型机料斗中，控制同向双螺杆挤出成型机料筒温度：Ⅰ区202℃、Ⅱ区213℃、Ⅲ区222℃、Ⅳ区233℃、Ⅴ区243℃、Ⅵ区252℃、Ⅶ区260℃、Ⅷ区262℃，模头温度：255℃，控制同向双螺杆挤出成型机螺杆转速260 r/min，熔融共混挤出；再经牵引冷却、切粒包装成颗粒料。
实施例3制成的颗粒料，其性能测试结果见表3，与纯PBT树脂相比，其断裂伸长率提高了242.74%，缺口冲击强度提高了148.70%，拉伸强度降低了9.07%，弯曲强度降低了10.21%，相对密度降低了3.79%，熔点降低了1.16%，物理力学性能优良，适用于注射成型抗冲击电子电器壳体、抗冲击工程塑料配件等制品。
表3 纯PBT树脂、改性PBT颗粒料物理力学性能
Claims (3)
1.一种改性聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯颗粒料的制备方法，其特征是：
配方
聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯79～85重量份，马来酸酐接枝苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物14～20重量份，三（2,4-二叔丁基苯基）亚磷酸酯0.5～1重量份；
制备方法
将聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯置于电热恒温鼓风干燥机中，控制电热恒温鼓风干燥机温度117±1℃，干燥4h；将马来酸酐接枝苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物置于另一台电热恒温鼓风干燥机中，控制电热恒温鼓风干燥机温度102±1℃，干燥2h；按配方比例称取干燥后的聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯和干燥后的马来酸酐接枝苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物置于高速搅拌机中，加入计量后的三（2,4-二叔丁基苯基）亚磷酸酯，控制高速搅拌机转速500r/min、温度93±1℃，搅拌混合5 min成混合料；将混合料置于同向双螺杆挤出成型机料斗中，控制同向双螺杆挤出成型机料筒温度：Ⅰ区197～202℃、Ⅱ区208～213℃、Ⅲ区217～222℃、Ⅳ区228～233℃、Ⅴ区238～243℃、Ⅵ区247～252℃、Ⅶ区255～260℃、Ⅷ区258～262℃，模头温度：252～255℃，控制同向双螺杆挤出成型机螺杆转速220-260 r/min，熔融共混挤出；再经牵引冷却、切粒包装成颗粒料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的改性聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯颗粒料的制备方法，其特征是所述的聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯，其相对密度为1.32、熔点为225℃、缺口冲击强度为3.45KJ/m2、断裂伸长率为14.25%、拉伸强度为58.56MPa、弯曲强度为78.83 MPa。
3.根据权利要求1所述的改性聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯颗粒料的制备方法，其特征是所述的马来酸酐接枝苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物，其马来酸酐接枝率质量百分数为1.8％、熔体质量流动速率为3.5g/10min。
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| CN112778713A (zh) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-11 | 宁波能之光新材料科技股份有限公司 | 一种增韧改性的pbt树脂及其制备方法 |
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