CN103452612A - Compressed air energy storage system using carbon dioxide as working medium - Google Patents
Compressed air energy storage system using carbon dioxide as working medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN103452612A CN103452612A CN2013103823947A CN201310382394A CN103452612A CN 103452612 A CN103452612 A CN 103452612A CN 2013103823947 A CN2013103823947 A CN 2013103823947A CN 201310382394 A CN201310382394 A CN 201310382394A CN 103452612 A CN103452612 A CN 103452612A
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- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 526
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 523
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compressed air energy storage system using carbon dioxide as a working medium. The system utilizes the supercritical characteristic of carbon dioxide and the state change characteristic of the carbon dioxide near the critical point, and the assistance by the conditions of outside environments (such as underground and seabed cavities) is not needed, so the switching of the energy storage system among constant-pressure energy storage, constant-pressure energy releasing, constant-capacity energy storage and constant-capacity energy releasing is realized, and the different types of power storage and releasing can be realized. The system utilizes the characteristic of the carbon diode which is converted from the gas state into the supercritical or liquid state, so the carbon dioxide is stored, and compared with the gas storage, the complicated degree and design difficulty of the system are effectively reduced, and the cost of the energy storage system is reduced. Meanwhile, the double-storage device method is adopted, the switching of the system between energy storage and energy releasing is flexibly completed without utilizing the assistance by the outside environments (such as underground and seabed cavities), the energy storage and energy releasing characteristics of the system are changed by controlling the carbon dioxide storage/releasing method, and the flexibility of the system is enhanced. The system can be used together with the renewable energy sources, such as solar energy and wind energy, so the generation of other pollutants is avoided, and the environment-friendly characteristic is good.
Description
Technical field
The optimization that native system belongs to energy storage technologies utilizes field, specifically, be a kind of take compressed air energy storage technology as the basis, adopt daul-memory structure, utilize the energy storage of carbon dioxide when the change of state characteristic of Near The Critical Point realizes level pressure or constant volume/release can pattern and complete the energy storage system of switching between the two.
Background technique
From the industrial revolution so far, there is stronger dependence in the mankind for traditional energies such as coal, oil, and the carbon dioxide discharge amount caused due to the traditional energy utilization increases day by day, and consequent greenhouse effect are having a strong impact on the mankind's living environment.In order to reduce the pollution of carbon dioxide to environment, at present the great amount of carbon dioxide of the discharges such as macrofossil fuel power plant adopted to seizure and storage (Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage more, be called for short CCS) technology, that is: geological storage (is stored in existing geological structure, as oil and natural gas field, Underground Salt rock stratum etc.), ocean storage (be directly released in ocean water body or be injected in submarine sedimentary strata) and carbon dioxide is solidified into to inorganic carbonate etc., to carbon dioxide, also there is larger blank in further development and utilization.
Compressed air energy storage technology is a kind of energy storage technologies grown up in five sixties of last century, it take gas turbine technology as basis, cardinal principle is to utilize the electric power more than needed of power plant air is compressed and be stored in the underground gas storage chamber, again high-pressure air is discharged when needed, utilize turbine externally to do work.Traditional compressed air energy storage technology be take ambient air as working medium, when air compressing being caused to as complicated as the design of turbomachinery, heat exchanger etc. and difficultization of system unit during to elevated pressures, causes system scale huge, and cost is higher.In addition, owing to air compressing to elevated pressures (being not less than 40atm) will being stored, system needs the underground gas storage chamber of larger volume or seabed cavity volume to realize constant volume storage or level pressure storage as storage space, and once air storing cavity is determined, the energy storage of compressed-air energy-storage system/release the energy mode decision and can't change.This makes traditional compressed air energy storage technology not only have difficult design, higher, the baroque defect of cost, and can cause certain influence to environment, and the exploitation of the critical components such as underground gas storage chamber or seabed cavity volume and select greatly to have promoted system cost, simultaneously operating mode single cause the operability of compressed-air energy-storage system and flexibility poor.Therefore, how improving above-mentioned situation, reduce the system cost of energy storage technology, increase the flexibility of system applies simultaneously, is one of subject matter of facing of compressed air energy storage technology.
Utilizing carbon dioxide replacement air is a kind of effective ways that address the above problem as the working medium of energy storage technology.Carbon dioxide has outstanding physics and chemistry characteristic, and in air, ratio is 0.3%, is a kind of nontoxic, inert gas of not firing, and higher density is arranged
and lower critical temperature T is arranged
c=31.1 ℃ and moderate critical pressure P
c=7.38*10
6pa, as shown in Figure 3.Under supercritical state, carbon dioxide has the double grading of gas and liquid concurrently, and its density approaches liquid (be about air density 800 times), viscosity approaches gas, diffusion coefficient is close to gas, be liquid nearly a hundred times, there is better mobility and transmission characteristic.Compare air, when take carbon dioxide during as media implementation pressurized gas energy storage technology, characteristic high by carbon dioxide density and that more easily reach supercritical state not only can reduce the design difficulty of system core parts as turbomachinery, heat exchanger etc., the overall size of reduction system, greatly reduce system cost, and can further strengthen the Security of system and the flexibility of application.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of pressurized gas energy-storage system that carbon dioxide is working medium of take, this system adopts daul-memory structure, utilize carbon dioxide across critical characteristic complete the constant pressure energy storage of energy-storage system/release can or constant volume energy storage/release can, and can be in different energy storage/release and can be switched between mode.This invention has improved the flexibility of system applies, has optimized the supplied character of energy-storage system, does not need to use fossil fuel, does not produce the pollution gas such as sulphide, nitride simultaneously.
The present invention is that the technological scheme that its technical problem of solution is taked is:
A kind ofly take the pressurized gas energy-storage system that carbon dioxide is working medium, comprising: carbon dioxide feeding unit, carbon dioxide compression energy-storage units, carbon dioxide expanded release can unit, the heat-carrying agent circulation loop, it is characterized in that:
Described carbon dioxide feeding unit comprises normal pressure carbon dioxide storage;
Described carbon dioxide compression energy-storage units comprises low pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressor, high pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressor, liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph pump, supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph pump, liquid carbon dioxide storage and supercritical carbon dioxide storage, wherein
--the suction port of described low pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressor is communicated with the air outlet of described normal pressure carbon dioxide storage by pipeline, the pressurized gas that described low pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressor produces, through the hot fluid rear flank of low pressure stage cooler, pass into the suction port of described high pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressor through gas piping;
--the pressurized gas that described high pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressor produces pass the hot fluid rear flank of high pressure stage cooler, a part passes into described liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph pump through the gas piping with liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph switch valve, the pressurized gas that described liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph pump produces enter described liquid carbon dioxide storage through the hot fluid rear flank of liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph cooler, another part passes into described supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph pump through the gas piping with supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph switch valve, the pressurized gas that described supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph pump produces pass into cavity volume on described supercritical carbon dioxide storage,
--the liquid carbon dioxide of described liquid carbon dioxide memory stores, liquid feeding pipeline through being provided with liquid carbon dioxide supply section switch valve passes into cavity volume under described supercritical carbon dioxide storage, the liquid carbon dioxide of cavity volume storage under described supercritical carbon dioxide storage, the liquid feeding pipeline through being provided with liquid carbon dioxide reflux section switch valve passes into described liquid carbon dioxide storage;
Described carbon dioxide expanded releasing can comprise the carbon dioxide expanded machine of high pressure stage and the carbon dioxide expanded machine of low pressure stage in unit, wherein,
--the pressurized gas of described supercritical carbon dioxide memory stores, the gas piping of releasing energy section switch valve through being provided with supercritical carbon dioxide passes into successively preheating and passes into the carbon dioxide expanded machine of described high pressure stage with the cold fluid rear flank of heat exchanger and high pressure stage heat exchanger;
--the gas after the carbon dioxide expanded machine of described high pressure stage expands, the cold fluid rear flank that passes into the low pressure stage heat exchanger through gas piping passes into the carbon dioxide expanded machine of described low pressure stage;
--the gas after the carbon dioxide expanded machine of described low pressure stage expands flows into normal pressure carbon dioxide storage;
Described heat-carrying agent circulation loop comprises the heat-carrying agent supply, the high pressure stage heat reservoir, low pressure stage heat reservoir and preheating heat reservoir, heat-carrying agent in described heat-carrying agent supply passes into respectively the low pressure stage cooler by the road, the high pressure stage cooler, the cold fluid rear flank of liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph cooler enters described low pressure stage heat reservoir, the high pressure stage heat reservoir, the preheating heat reservoir, described low pressure stage heat reservoir, the high pressure stage heat reservoir, preheating passes into respectively the low pressure stage heat exchanger by the road with the heat-carrying agent in heat reservoir, the high pressure stage heat exchanger, preheating enters described heat-carrying agent supply with the hot fluid rear flank of heat exchanger.
Further, described heat-carrying agent supply divides heat-carrying agent by a common low temperature heat-carrying agent supply line cold flow side of delivering to low pressure stage cooler, high pressure stage cooler, liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph cooler, is provided with heat reservoir memory paragraph switch valve for preheating on the supply line between heat-carrying agent supply and liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph cooler.
Further, described low pressure stage heat reservoir, the high pressure stage heat reservoir, preheating with heat reservoir respectively by separately independently high temperature heat-carrying agent supply line heat-carrying agent is delivered to respectively to the low pressure stage heat exchanger, the high pressure stage heat exchanger, the hot-fluid side of heat exchanger is used in preheating, wherein, supply line between described low pressure stage heat reservoir and low pressure stage heat exchanger is provided with low pressure stage heat reservoir switch valve, supply line between described high pressure stage heat reservoir and high pressure stage heat exchanger is provided with high pressure stage heat reservoir switch valve, described preheating is provided with preheating with heat reservoir and preheating with the supply line between heat exchanger and releases energy section switch valve with heat reservoir.
Further, the inlet ductwork of described liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph pump is provided with liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph safety check, and export pipeline is provided with liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph pressure gauge.
Further, the inlet ductwork of described supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph pump is provided with supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph safety check, and export pipeline is provided with supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph pressure gauge.
Further, gas piping between described normal pressure carbon dioxide storage and low pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressor is provided with carbon dioxide air feed section switch valve, and/or carbon dioxide air feed section filter, and/or carbon dioxide air feed section safety check, and/or carbon dioxide air feed section exsiccator.
Further, the gas piping between the carbon dioxide expanded machine of described low pressure stage and normal pressure carbon dioxide storage is provided with carbon dioxide return-air section reduction valve, and/or carbon dioxide return-air section filter, and/or carbon dioxide return-air section switch valve.
Further, described low pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressor, high pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressor are respectively by low pressure stage motor, high pressure stage motoring.
Further, the carbon dioxide expanded machine of described high pressure stage, the carbon dioxide expanded machine of low pressure stage drive respectively high pressure stage generator, low pressure stage generator.
Further, described supercritical carbon dioxide storage is two cavity volume pressurized containers, comprises cavity volume and lower cavity volume, and can vertically slide by one in two cavity volumes centres and the dividing plate of airtight thermal insulation separates.
Further, cavity volume storage supercritical carbon dioxide on described supercritical carbon dioxide storage, lower cavity volume storage liquid carbon dioxide.
Further, described liquid carbon dioxide storage is connected with cavity volume under the supercritical carbon dioxide storage by liquid feeding pipeline, liquid return pipe road.
Further, on described supercritical carbon dioxide storage, cavity volume arranges air inlet pipeline and outlet pipe.
A kind of possible specific operation process of the present invention is:
The normal temperature and pressure carbon dioxide of storing in normal pressure carbon dioxide storage, control the gas supply by carbon dioxide air feed section switch valve.Carbon dioxide air feed section switch valve is opened, normal pressure carbon dioxide storage discharges the carbon dioxide of storage, through carbon dioxide air feed section filter, filter, elimination foreign gas, carbon dioxide air feed section safety check prevents that carbon dioxide from refluxing, through the carbon dioxide air feed section exsiccator drying of anhydrating, enter the low pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressor and compressed again.
The low pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressor is driven by the low pressure stage motor, and the electric energy of motor can be from renewable energy sourcess such as electric power more than needed or wind energies.After the compression of low pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressor, pressure carbon dioxide, temperature raise, and through the low pressure stage cooler, cool, and enter the high pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressor, and the high pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressor is driven by the high pressure stage motor.After the high pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressor realizes boosting intensification, carbon dioxide enters the cooling of high pressure stage cooler, subsequently according to energy storage/releasing energy pattern (level pressure or constant volume) experience respectively following process.
When adopting constant pressure energy storage/release can mode the time, liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph switch valve is opened, supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph switch valve cuts out, carbon dioxide is through liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph safety check, after boosting to goal pressure by liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph pump, cool through liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph cooler, enter the liquid carbon dioxide memory stores.Simultaneously, the supercritical carbon dioxide storage is two cavity volume pressurized containers, and can vertically slide by one in centre and the dividing plate of airtight thermal insulation separates.Supercritical carbon dioxide is stored in cavity volume, and liquid carbon dioxide is stored in lower cavity volume.Initial time, dividing plate is positioned at supercritical carbon dioxide storage bottom, liquid carbon dioxide supply section switch valve is opened, liquid carbon dioxide reflux section switch valve cuts out, in the liquid carbon dioxide storage, liquid carbon dioxide enters cavity volume under the supercritical carbon dioxide storage through the supply segment pipe, forms the connecting vessels structure, and in the liquid carbon dioxide storage, liquid level descends, under the supercritical carbon dioxide storage, the cavity volume liquid level rises, and promotes to move on dividing plate.Liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph pressure gauge is indicated liquid pressure carbon dioxide value, and when storage pressure reaches goal pressure, two storagies reach stable, and dividing plate and liquid level are all in settling position.
After this, close liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph switch valve, open supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph switch valve, high pressure stage cooler hot fluid side outlet place carbon dioxide is through supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph safety check, boost to goal pressure by supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph pump, supercritical carbon dioxide enters cavity volume storage on the supercritical carbon dioxide storage.Pressure data can be obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph pressure gauge.Now, liquid carbon dioxide supply section switch valve cuts out, liquid carbon dioxide reflux section switch valve is opened, when supercritical carbon dioxide enters on the supercritical carbon dioxide storage cavity volume, because the container upper pressure rises, dividing plate descends, and dividing plate promotes liquid carbon dioxide in lower cavity volume and is back in the liquid carbon dioxide storage, and in the liquid carbon dioxide storage, liquid level is gone up.When supercritical carbon dioxide stores desired value into, process finishes.Two storagies complete level pressure gas storage process thus.
Adopt constant pressure energy storage/release can mode in, releasing the energy stage, liquid carbon dioxide supply section switch valve is opened, liquid carbon dioxide reflux section switch valve cuts out, open supercritical carbon dioxide simultaneously and release energy section switch valve, the supercritical carbon dioxide storage discharges the supercritical carbon dioxide that is stored in cavity volume.Memory space minimizing along with cavity volume carbon dioxide on the supercritical carbon dioxide storage, liquid carbon dioxide storage liquid level descends, flow of liquid carbon dioxide enters cavity volume under the supercritical carbon dioxide storage, the promotion dividing plate rises, guarantee cavity volume constant pressure on the supercritical carbon dioxide storage, until on the supercritical carbon dioxide storage, the CO2 emission of cavity volume storage finishes, two storagies reach steady state.So far, two storagies complete the level pressure air-bleed process.
In addition, adopt constant pressure energy storage/release can mode in, in the energy storage stage, preheating is opened with heat reservoir memory paragraph switch valve, the heat-carrying agent supply discharges heat-carrying agent, enter respectively low pressure stage cooler, high pressure stage cooler and liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph cooler cold flow side, complete and carbon dioxide that temperature is higher between exchange heat, and the heat of collection is stored in respectively to low pressure stage heat reservoir, high pressure stage heat reservoir and preheating heat reservoir.
Adopt constant pressure energy storage/release can mode in, releasing the energy stage, cavity volume release of carbon dioxide on the supercritical carbon dioxide storage, carbon dioxide enters preheating and uses heat exchanger cold flow side, preheating is simultaneously released and can be opened by the section switch valve with heat reservoir, and preheating discharges heat-carrying agent with heat reservoir, enters preheating exchanger heat fluid side, complete the warm to carbon dioxide, the heat-carrying agent after heat release returns to the heat-carrying agent supply.Carbon dioxide after preheating enters high pressure stage heat exchanger cold flow side, now high pressure stage heat reservoir switch valve is opened, the high pressure stage heat reservoir discharges storage heat, complete exchange heat with carbon dioxide in the high pressure stage heat exchanger, heat-carrying agent after heat release returns to the heat-carrying agent supply, carbon dioxide after intensification enters the carbon dioxide expanded machine of high pressure stage and realizes the acting of expanding, and the carbon dioxide expanded machine of high pressure stage drives the high pressure stage generator and externally generates electricity.The carbon dioxide that leaves the carbon dioxide expanded machine of high pressure stage enters low pressure stage heat exchanger cold flow side, now low pressure stage heat reservoir switch valve is opened, the low pressure stage heat reservoir discharges the heat of storage, enter low pressure stage exchanger heat fluid side by heat-carrying agent and complete exchange heat, heat-carrying agent after cooling returns to the heat-carrying agent supply, carbon dioxide after intensification enters the carbon dioxide expanded machine of low pressure stage and realizes the acting of expanding, and the carbon dioxide expanded machine of low pressure stage drives the low pressure stage generator and externally generates electricity.
For the leakage that prevents carbon dioxide need be reclaimed carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide of the carbon dioxide expanded machine discharge of low pressure stage is controlled at normal pressure through carbon dioxide return-air section reduction valve by pressure carbon dioxide, complete again the impurity purification of carbon dioxide through carbon dioxide return-air section filter, and control by carbon dioxide return-air section switch valve, return in normal pressure carbon dioxide storage and stored.
When adopting constant volume energy storage/release can mode the time, liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph switch valve cuts out, supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph switch valve is opened, high pressure stage cooler hot fluid side outlet place carbon dioxide, through supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph safety check, boosts to goal pressure by supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph pump and enters cavity volume storage on the supercritical carbon dioxide storage.Due to cavity volume under supercritical carbon dioxide storage now and the liquid carbon dioxide storage separate, in lower cavity volume, without storage liquid, dividing plate is positioned at supercritical carbon dioxide storage bottom, therefore the supercritical carbon dioxide storage can be considered certain volume receptacle.Complete thus the constant volume storing process of supercritical carbon dioxide.
When adopting constant volume energy storage/release can mode the time, releasing can the stage, supercritical carbon dioxide be released and can be opened by a section switch valve, and the supercritical carbon dioxide storage discharges the supercritical carbon dioxide that is stored in cavity volume.Same, because cavity volume under supercritical carbon dioxide storage now is separate with the liquid carbon dioxide storage, in lower cavity volume, without storing liquid, the supercritical carbon dioxide storage can be considered certain volume receptacle.The supercritical carbon dioxide storage is realized the constant volume deflation course thus.
Adopt constant volume energy storage/release can mode in, in the energy storage stage, the heat-carrying agent supply discharges heat-carrying agent, enter respectively low pressure stage cooler, high pressure stage cooler cold flow side, complete and carbon dioxide that temperature is higher between exchange heat, and the heat of collection is stored in to low pressure stage heat reservoir, high pressure stage heat reservoir.So far, the heat recycle process in energy storage stage finishes.
Adopt constant volume energy storage/release can mode in, releasing the energy stage, supercritical carbon dioxide storage release of carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide enters high pressure stage heat exchanger cold flow side, now high pressure stage heat reservoir switch valve is opened, the high pressure stage heat reservoir discharges storage heat, complete exchange heat with carbon dioxide in the high pressure stage heat exchanger, heat-carrying agent after heat release returns to the heat-carrying agent supply, carbon dioxide after intensification enters the carbon dioxide expanded machine of high pressure stage and realizes the acting of expanding, and the carbon dioxide expanded machine of high pressure stage drives the high pressure stage generator and externally generates electricity.The carbon dioxide that leaves the carbon dioxide expanded machine of high pressure stage enters low pressure stage heat exchanger cold flow side, now low pressure stage heat reservoir switch valve is opened, the low pressure stage heat reservoir discharges the heat of storage, enter low pressure stage exchanger heat fluid side by heat-carrying agent and complete exchange heat, heat-carrying agent after cooling returns to the heat-carrying agent supply, carbon dioxide after intensification enters the carbon dioxide expanded machine of low pressure stage and realizes the acting of expanding, and the carbon dioxide expanded machine of low pressure stage drives the low pressure stage generator and externally generates electricity.Afterwards, the carbon dioxide of the carbon dioxide expanded machine discharge of low pressure stage is controlled at normal pressure through carbon dioxide return-air section reduction valve by pressure carbon dioxide, complete again the impurity purification of carbon dioxide through carbon dioxide return-air section filter, and control by carbon dioxide return-air section switch valve, return in normal pressure carbon dioxide storage and stored.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are:
1, the present invention is usingd carbon dioxide and is replaced the storage medium of air as energy storage technology, utilize carbon dioxide to hang down the characteristics of critical pressure, low critical temperature, change of state between, liquid state overcritical by it and gaseous state completes energy storage and exoergic process, with respect to take the energy-storage system that air is medium, adopt carbon dioxide can obviously reduce the design difficulty of energy-storage system core component, the reduction system scale, reduce system cost, and enhance system security and stability when guaranteeing higher system effectiveness.
2, the present invention utilizes the dual-memory mode, under the condition by external environment (as underground, seabed cavity) not, realized the constant pressure energy storage of system/release can or constant volume energy storage/release can and different energy storage/the release transformation between can pattern, make energy-storage system can more effectively complete storage and the release of energy, improved the flexibility of energy-storage system System Operation and power supply.
3, to adopt carbon dioxide be working medium in the present invention, successfully solved the problem of utilizing great amount of carbon dioxide that the CCS technology obtains but can not recycle, take full advantage of carbon dioxide, this invention simultaneously can be combined use with renewable energy sourcess such as wind energies, whole system does not produce the material of any befouling environment in the running engineering, is genuine environmental protection, energy conserving system.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is of the present invention take the structural representation of the pressurized gas energy-storage system that carbon dioxide is working medium;
Fig. 2 dual-memory working principle schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 carbon dioxide view.
In figure: 1 normal pressure carbon dioxide storage, 2 carbon dioxide air feed section switch valves, 3 carbon dioxide air feed section filters, 4 carbon dioxide air feed section safety check, 5 carbon dioxide air feed section exsiccators, 6 low pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressors, 7 high pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressors, 8 low pressure stage motor, 9 high pressure stage motor, 10 low pressure stage coolers, 11 high pressure stage coolers, 12 liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph switch valves, 13 supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph switch valves, 14 liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph safety check, 15 supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph safety check, 16 liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph pumps, 17 supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph pumps, 18 liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph pressure gauges, 19 supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph pressure gauges, 20 liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph coolers, 21 liquid carbon dioxide storagies, 22 liquid carbon dioxide supply section switch valves, 23 liquid carbon dioxide reflux section switch valves, 24 supercritical carbon dioxide storagies, 25 heat-carrying agent supplies, 26 high pressure stage heat reservoirs, 27 low pressure stage heat reservoirs, 28 preheating heat reservoirs, heat reservoir memory paragraph switch valve for 29 preheatings, 30 preheatings are released energy section switch valve with heat reservoir, 31 high pressure stage heat reservoir switch valves, 32 low pressure stage heat reservoir switch valves, 33 supercritical carbon dioxides are released energy section switch valve, 34 preheating heat exchangers, 35 high pressure stage heat exchangers, 36 low pressure stage heat exchangers, the carbon dioxide expanded machine of 37 high pressure stage, the carbon dioxide expanded machine of 38 low pressure stage, 39 high pressure stage generators, 40 low pressure stage generators, 41 carbon dioxide return-air section reduction valve, 42 carbon dioxide return-air section filters, 43 carbon dioxide return-air section switch valves.
Embodiment
For the purpose, technological scheme and the advantage that make this energy-storage system is clearer, referring to the accompanying drawing embodiment that develops simultaneously, the present invention is described in more detail.
As shown in Figure 1, of the present inventionly take the pressurized gas energy-storage system that carbon dioxide is working medium, by normal pressure carbon dioxide storage 1, carbon dioxide air feed section switch valve 2, carbon dioxide air feed section filter 3, carbon dioxide air feed section safety check 4, carbon dioxide air feed section exsiccator 5, low pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressor 6, high pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressor 7, low pressure stage motor 8, high pressure stage motor 9, low pressure stage cooler 10, high pressure stage cooler 11, liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph switch valve 12, supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph switch valve 13, liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph safety check 14, supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph safety check 15, liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph pump 16, supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph pump 17, liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph pressure gauge 18, supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph pressure gauge 19, liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph cooler 20, liquid carbon dioxide storage 21, liquid carbon dioxide supply section switch valve 22, liquid carbon dioxide reflux section switch valve 23, supercritical carbon dioxide storage 24, heat-carrying agent supply 25, high pressure stage heat reservoir 26, low pressure stage heat reservoir 27, heat reservoir 28 for preheating, heat reservoir memory paragraph switch valve 29 for preheating, preheating is released energy section switch valve 30 with heat reservoir, high pressure stage heat reservoir switch valve 31, low pressure stage heat reservoir switch valve 32, supercritical carbon dioxide is released energy section switch valve 33, heat exchanger 34 for preheating, high pressure stage heat exchanger 35, low pressure stage heat exchanger 36, the carbon dioxide expanded machine 37 of high pressure stage, the carbon dioxide expanded machine 38 of low pressure stage, high pressure stage generator 39, low pressure stage generator 40, carbon dioxide return-air section reduction valve 41, carbon dioxide return-air section filter 42, carbon dioxide return-air section switch valve 43 compositions such as grade, specific operation process is:
The normal temperature and pressure carbon dioxide of storage in normal pressure carbon dioxide storage 1, control the gas supply by carbon dioxide air feed section switch valve 2.Carbon dioxide air feed section switch valve 2 is opened, normal pressure carbon dioxide storage 1 discharges the carbon dioxide of storage, through carbon dioxide air feed section filter 3, filter, elimination foreign gas, carbon dioxide air feed section safety check 4 prevents that carbon dioxide from refluxing, through carbon dioxide air feed section exsiccator 5 drying of anhydrating, enter low pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressor 6 and compressed again.
Low pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressor 6 is driven by low pressure stage motor 8, and the electric energy of motor can be from renewable energy sourcess such as electric power more than needed or wind energies.After 6 compressions of low pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressor, pressure carbon dioxide, temperature raise, and through low pressure stage cooler 10, cool, and enter high pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressor 7, and high pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressor 7 is driven by high pressure stage motor 9.After high pressure stage carbon-dioxide gas compressor 7 realizes boosting intensification, carbon dioxide enters 11 coolings of high pressure stage cooler, subsequently according to energy storage/releasing energy pattern (level pressure or constant volume) experience respectively following process.
When adopting constant pressure energy storage/release can mode the time, liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph switch valve 12 is opened, supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph switch valve 13 cuts out, carbon dioxide is through liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph safety check 14, after boosting to goal pressure by liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph pump 16, cool through liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph cooler 20, enter 21 storages of liquid carbon dioxide storage.Simultaneously, supercritical carbon dioxide storage 24 is two cavity volume pressurized containers, and can vertically slide by one in centre and the dividing plate of airtight thermal insulation separates.Supercritical carbon dioxide is stored in cavity volume, and liquid carbon dioxide is stored in lower cavity volume.Initial time, dividing plate is positioned at supercritical carbon dioxide storage 24 bottoms, liquid carbon dioxide supply section switch valve 22 is opened, liquid carbon dioxide reflux section switch valve 23 cuts out, in liquid carbon dioxide storage 21, liquid carbon dioxide enters 24 times cavity volumes of supercritical carbon dioxide storage through the supply segment pipe, forms the connecting vessels structure, and in liquid carbon dioxide storage 21, liquid level descends, 24 times cavity volume liquid levels of supercritical carbon dioxide storage rise, and promote to move on dividing plate.The liquid pressure carbon dioxide value of liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph pressure gauge 18 indication, when storage pressure reaches goal pressure, two storagies reach stable, and dividing plate and liquid level are all in settling position.
After this, close liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph switch valve 12, open supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph switch valve 13, high pressure stage cooler 11 hot fluid side outlet place carbon dioxide are through supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph safety check 15, boost to goal pressure by supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph pump 17, supercritical carbon dioxide enters cavity volume storage on supercritical carbon dioxide storage 24.Pressure data can be obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph pressure gauge 19.Now, liquid carbon dioxide supply section switch valve 22 cuts out, liquid carbon dioxide reflux section switch valve 23 is opened, when supercritical carbon dioxide enters on supercritical carbon dioxide storage 24 cavity volume, because the container upper pressure rises, dividing plate descends, and dividing plate promotes liquid carbon dioxide in lower cavity volume and is back in liquid carbon dioxide storage 21, and in liquid carbon dioxide storage 21, liquid level is gone up.When supercritical carbon dioxide stores desired value into, process finishes.Two storagies complete level pressure gas storage process thus.
Adopt constant pressure energy storage/release can mode in, releasing the energy stage, liquid carbon dioxide supply section switch valve 22 is opened, liquid carbon dioxide reflux section switch valve 23 cuts out, open supercritical carbon dioxide simultaneously and release energy section switch valve 33, supercritical carbon dioxide storage 24 discharges the supercritical carbon dioxide that is stored in cavity volume.Memory space minimizing along with cavity volume carbon dioxide on supercritical carbon dioxide storage 24, liquid carbon dioxide storage 21 liquid levels descend, flow of liquid carbon dioxide enters 24 times cavity volumes of supercritical carbon dioxide storage, the promotion dividing plate rises, guarantee cavity volume constant pressure on supercritical carbon dioxide storage 24, until on supercritical carbon dioxide storage 24, the CO2 emission of cavity volume storage finishes, two storagies reach steady state.So far, two storagies complete the level pressure air-bleed process.
In addition, adopt constant pressure energy storage/release can mode in, in the energy storage stage, preheating is opened with heat reservoir memory paragraph switch valve 29, heat-carrying agent supply 25 discharges heat-carrying agent, enter respectively low pressure stage cooler 10, high pressure stage cooler 11 and liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph cooler 20 cold flow sides, complete and carbon dioxide that temperature is higher between exchange heat, and the heat of collection is stored in respectively to low pressure stage heat reservoir 27, high pressure stage heat reservoir 26 and heat reservoir 28 for preheating.
Adopt constant pressure energy storage/release can mode in, releasing the energy stage, cavity volume release of carbon dioxide on supercritical carbon dioxide storage 24, carbon dioxide enters preheating and uses heat exchanger 34 cold flow sides, the while preheating is released and can be opened by a section switch valve 30 with heat reservoir, and preheating discharges heat-carrying agents with heat reservoir 28, enters preheating and uses heat exchanger 34 hot-fluid sides, complete the warm to carbon dioxide, the heat-carrying agent after heat release returns to heat-carrying agent supply 25.Carbon dioxide after preheating enters high pressure stage heat exchanger 35 cold flow sides, now high pressure stage heat reservoir switch valve 31 is opened, high pressure stage heat reservoir 26 discharges storage heat, complete exchange heat with carbon dioxide in high pressure stage heat exchanger 35, heat-carrying agent after heat release returns to heat-carrying agent supply 25, carbon dioxide after intensification enters the carbon dioxide expanded machine 37 of high pressure stage and realizes the acting of expanding, and the carbon dioxide expanded machine 37 of high pressure stage drives externally generating of high pressure stage generator 39.The carbon dioxide that leaves the carbon dioxide expanded machine 37 of high pressure stage enters low pressure stage heat exchanger 36 cold flow sides, now low pressure stage heat reservoir switch valve 32 is opened, low pressure stage heat reservoir 27 discharges the heat of storage, enter low pressure stage heat exchanger 36 hot-fluid sides by heat-carrying agent and complete exchange heat, heat-carrying agent after cooling returns to heat-carrying agent supply 25, carbon dioxide after intensification enters the carbon dioxide expanded machine 38 of low pressure stage and realizes the acting of expanding, and the carbon dioxide expanded machine 38 of low pressure stage drives externally generating of low pressure stage generator 40.
For the leakage that prevents carbon dioxide need be reclaimed carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide of carbon dioxide expanded machine 38 discharges of low pressure stage is controlled at normal pressure through carbon dioxide return-air section reduction valve 41 by pressure carbon dioxide, the impurity that completes carbon dioxide through carbon dioxide return-air section filter 42 again purifies, and control by carbon dioxide return-air section switch valve 43, return in normal pressure carbon dioxide storage 1 and stored.
When adopting constant volume energy storage/release can mode the time, liquid carbon dioxide memory paragraph switch valve 12 cuts out, supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph switch valve 13 is opened, high pressure stage cooler 11 hot fluid side outlet place carbon dioxide, through supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph safety check 15, boost to goal pressure by supercritical carbon dioxide memory paragraph pump 17 and enter cavity volume storage on supercritical carbon dioxide storage 24.Because now 24 times cavity volumes of supercritical carbon dioxide storage and liquid carbon dioxide storage 21 are separate, nothing storage liquid in lower cavity volume, dividing plate is positioned at supercritical carbon dioxide storage 24 bottoms, therefore supercritical carbon dioxide storage 24 can be considered certain volume receptacle.Complete thus the constant volume storing process of supercritical carbon dioxide.
When adopting constant volume energy storage/release can mode the time, releasing can the stage, supercritical carbon dioxide be released and can be opened by a section switch valve 33, and supercritical carbon dioxide storage 24 discharges the supercritical carbon dioxide that is stored in cavity volume.Same, because now 24 times cavity volumes of supercritical carbon dioxide storage and liquid carbon dioxide storage 21 are separate, in lower cavity volume, without storage liquid, supercritical carbon dioxide storage 24 can be considered certain volume receptacle.Supercritical carbon dioxide storage 24 is realized the constant volume deflation course thus.
Adopt constant volume energy storage/release can mode in, in the energy storage stage, heat-carrying agent supply 25 discharges heat-carrying agent, enter respectively low pressure stage cooler 10, high pressure stage cooler 11 cold flow sides, complete and carbon dioxide that temperature is higher between exchange heat, and the heat of collection is stored in to low pressure stage heat reservoir 27, high pressure stage heat reservoir 26.So far, the heat recycle process in energy storage stage finishes.
Adopt constant volume energy storage/release can mode in, releasing the energy stage, supercritical carbon dioxide storage 24 release of carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide enters high pressure stage heat exchanger 35 cold flow sides, now high pressure stage heat reservoir switch valve 31 is opened, high pressure stage heat reservoir 26 discharges storage heat, complete exchange heat with carbon dioxide in high pressure stage heat exchanger 35, heat-carrying agent after heat release returns to heat-carrying agent supply 25, carbon dioxide after intensification enters the carbon dioxide expanded machine 37 of high pressure stage and realizes the acting of expanding, the carbon dioxide expanded machine 37 of high pressure stage drives externally generating of high pressure stage generator 39.The carbon dioxide that leaves the carbon dioxide expanded machine 37 of high pressure stage enters low pressure stage heat exchanger 36 cold flow sides, now low pressure stage heat reservoir switch valve 32 is opened, low pressure stage heat reservoir 27 discharges the heat of storage, enter low pressure stage heat exchanger 36 hot-fluid sides by heat-carrying agent and complete exchange heat, heat-carrying agent after cooling returns to heat-carrying agent supply 25, carbon dioxide after intensification enters the carbon dioxide expanded machine 38 of low pressure stage and realizes the acting of expanding, and the carbon dioxide expanded machine 38 of low pressure stage drives externally generating of low pressure stage generator 40.Afterwards, the carbon dioxide of carbon dioxide expanded machine 38 discharges of low pressure stage is controlled at normal pressure through carbon dioxide return-air section reduction valve 41 by pressure carbon dioxide, the impurity that completes carbon dioxide through carbon dioxide return-air section filter 42 again purifies, and control by carbon dioxide return-air section switch valve 43, return in normal pressure carbon dioxide storage 1 and stored.
Fig. 2 shows in detail dual-memory working principle schematic diagram of the present invention.During described supercritical carbon dioxide storage 24 work, supercritical carbon dioxide is stored in cavity volume, and liquid carbon dioxide is stored in lower cavity volume.Liquid carbon dioxide storage 21 is connected with cavity volume under the supercritical carbon dioxide storage by liquid feeding pipeline, liquid return pipe road, on supercritical carbon dioxide storage 24, cavity volume arranges air inlet pipeline and outlet pipe, completes storage and the release of supercritical carbon dioxide.
When adopting level pressure gas storage/bleed strategy:
In Fig. 2-A, initial time, the supercritical carbon dioxide storage is without gas, liquid storage, and dividing plate is positioned at supercritical carbon dioxide storage bottom.Liquid feeding pipeline is opened, and liquid carbon dioxide storage delivering liquid carbon dioxide enters cavity volume under the supercritical carbon dioxide storage, promotes to move on dividing plate, and liquid carbon dioxide storage liquid level descends simultaneously.When two cavity volume pressure reach balance, liquid carbon dioxide is no longer mobile, two cavity volume liquid level stabilizings, and dividing plate no longer rises.Now two storagies reach the steady state shown in Fig. 2-B.
The level pressure gas storage stage, as shown in Fig. 2-C, supercritical carbon dioxide enters cavity volume on the supercritical carbon dioxide storage by air inlet pipeline, the promotion dividing plate glides, under the supercritical carbon dioxide storage, the interior liquid carbon dioxide of cavity volume is squeezed and enters the liquid return pipe road, returns to the supercritical carbon dioxide storage.In this process, cavity volume air inlet on the supercritical carbon dioxide storage, dividing plate descends, and liquid carbon dioxide storage liquid level rises.When on the supercritical carbon dioxide storage, cavity volume reaches the designated store amount, the gas storage process finishes, and two storagies reach the steady state as shown in Fig. 2-D.In the level pressure air-bleed stage, as shown in Fig. 2-A, now on the supercritical carbon dioxide storage, cavity volume has been full of CO 2 medium.In upper cavity volume, carbon dioxide externally discharges by supercritical carbon dioxide storage outlet pipe, and memory space reduces.The liquid carbon dioxide storage, promotes to move on dividing plate to cavity volume supply liquid carbon dioxide under the supercritical carbon dioxide storage by liquid feeding pipeline, and in assurance, the cavity volume internal pressure is constant.When deflation course finishes, two cavity volumes reach balance again, and liquid carbon dioxide is no longer mobile, two cavity volume liquid level stabilizings, and dividing plate no longer rises, and now two storagies reach the steady state shown in Fig. 2-B.
As mentioned above, two storagies complete level pressure gas storage/deflation course.
When adopting constant volume gas storage/bleed strategy:
When adopting constant volume gas storage/bleed strategy, the supercritical carbon dioxide storage is in running order, and the liquid carbon dioxide storage is in idle state.Dividing plate is positioned at supercritical carbon dioxide storage bottom, and on the supercritical carbon dioxide storage, cavity volume can be considered a constant volume container, utilizes respectively supercritical carbon dioxide storage air inlet pipeline and outlet pipe to complete constant volume gas storage/venting.
In addition, take level pressure gas storage/bleed strategy and constant volume gas storage/bleed strategy as basis, the dual-memory system also can realize level pressure gas storage/constant volume venting or constant volume gas storage/level pressure air-bleed.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the scope of the present invention.
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| CN113931825A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-01-14 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Compressed air energy storage system |
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| CN115163234A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-10-11 | 中能安然(北京)工程技术股份有限公司 | Supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage system and control method thereof |
| CN115492658A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-12-20 | 钜变科技(深圳)有限公司 | Supercritical carbon dioxide power generation method, device, storage medium and system |
| CN116780783B (en) * | 2023-08-16 | 2024-01-26 | 势加透博(河南)能源科技有限公司 | Carbon dioxide trapping energy storage system and control method |
| CN116780783A (en) * | 2023-08-16 | 2023-09-19 | 势加透博(河南)能源科技有限公司 | Carbon dioxide trapping energy storage system and control method |
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