CN105680462B - Energy-storing and power-generating system and electric load wave crest progress control method - Google Patents

Energy-storing and power-generating system and electric load wave crest progress control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105680462B
CN105680462B CN201610155690.7A CN201610155690A CN105680462B CN 105680462 B CN105680462 B CN 105680462B CN 201610155690 A CN201610155690 A CN 201610155690A CN 105680462 B CN105680462 B CN 105680462B
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caisson
switch valve
expansion machine
pressure expansion
power
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CN105680462A (en
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黄居瑟
刘仙泰
彭杰
陈旭亮
杨钊铭
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Guangzhou Development Power Technology Co., Ltd.
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Guangzhou Development Power Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F01K13/02Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K3/00Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
    • F01K3/12Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having two or more accumulators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J15/00Systems for storing electric energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

Energy-storing and power-generating system and electric load wave crest progress control method, by the way that the flexible container of air energy storage device and rigid container are communicated respectively with high pressure expansion machine and low-pressure expansion machine.When load wave crest is generated electricity, even if the volume of flexible container is less than its volume threshold, it still can be by releasing by the compressed air in rigid container, further, it is generated electricity by low-pressure expansion machine, avoids the problem of rigid container transformation release air leads to that high pressure expansion machine pressure demand cannot be met.

Description

Energy-storing and power-generating system and electric load wave crest progress control method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of compressed air energy-storing and power-generating system and and progress control method, it can be used to power grids Load Regulation.
Background technology
Micro-capacitance sensor is to play one of maximally efficient mode of distributed power generation efficiency.Power energy storage equipment is as in micro-capacitance sensor Indispensable part plays vital effect.Electric energy storing system is by certain media storage electric energy, when needed Deposited energy is discharged and is generated electricity.Electric energy storing system is applied in power grid, and both network load can be adjusted, so as to significantly Power supply quality is promoted, while emergency power supply can be used as again, meets the needs of daily production and life.Developing electric energy storing system is Regenerative resource utilize on a large scale there is an urgent need to and improve the effective of typical power system efficiency, safety and economy Approach, while the still key technology of intelligent grid and distributed energy resource system.
Oneself has power energy storage technology to include at present:Physics energy storage (such as draw water energy storage, compressed-air energy storage, flywheel energy storage), (such as superconducting coil stores up for electrochemical energy storage (secondary cell, flow battery), chemical energy storage (Hydrogen Energy, synthetic natural gas), power energy storage Energy, ultracapacitor energy storage) and hot energy storage (fuse salt energy storage, sensible heat energy storage) etc..But since capacity, energy storage period, energy are close The reasons such as degree, efficiency for charge-discharge, service life, operating cost, environmental protection, so far oneself there was only power station of drawing water in the energy-storage system mainly run With two kinds of compressed air.
Compressed air energy storage power generating system has stored energy capacitance is big, the energy storage period is long, long lifespan and investment are relatively small etc. Advantage as a kind of technology maturation, feasible energy storage mode, has extensive in fields such as the productions, transport and consumption of electric power Application value.Compressed-air energy-storage system specifically includes:(1) peak load shifting (2) balancing electric power load compression (3) Demand-side electricity Power management (4) is applied to regenerative resource (5) stand-by power supply power station.
Compressed air energy storage power generating system is mainly by air compressor, caisson, expanding machine and other auxiliary and control System composition processed.When compressed air generates electricity there are mainly two types of working methods, one kind is transformation, and in power generation, air pressure can be sent out Changing;Another kind is constant pressure, it is mainly by keeping pressure stability, so as to reduce storage volume, ensure that power station is efficiently transported Row.
In the prior art, 201110165606 patent of invention proposes a kind of constant pressure compressed air energy storage power generating system, It by air by compressor in low power consumption by being pressed into underwater flexible caisson, so as to convert electrical energy into air It can store;In peak of power consumption, caisson mesohigh air drives generator to send out after heat exchanger absorbs heat by expanding machine Electricity;Make constant pressure inside caisson using Underwater Pressure, so as to fulfill the constant-pressure operation of system.But the hair of the prior art Bright also to have the disadvantage that, caisson is integrally fixed at specific position in river, river, lake, reservoir or artificial pond, wherein from Water level in right water source or reservoir can change with the influence of season and environment, lead to the pressure change of caisson;People The volume in work pond is fixed, although its water can be controlled, during caisson expands and shrinks, can be caused The raising or reduction of water level also result in the pressure change of caisson;In addition, the swelling volume of flexible apparatus is limited, After the volume of gas injection reaches certain limit, it is further continued for pouring the damage that may result in container.
As 201110165606 improvement, a kind of intelligent micro-grid Load Regulation is proposed in inventor's earlier application Energy-storing and power-generating system, when reaching its threshold value by the storage electrical energy of the flexible container in water source, by extra electric power energy Amount is stored in rigid second storage container, and in load wave crest, by the control for storage container, by rigid appearance The compressed air of device can also be generated electricity by constant pressure.But in the earlier application, electricity generation system when wave crest generates electricity, by In the minimal compression finite volume of flexible container, when its interior gas is less than its minimal compression volume, can not continue to provide compression Air, power generation terminate;But the compressed air equal to water source pressure is still had in rigid container at this time, also can not just it carry out Power generation, so as to cause can not abundant compressed air energy.As further improved technical solution, it is proposed that improved intelligence electricity Net energy-storing and power-generating system and electric load wave crest progress control method.
Invention content
As one aspect of the present invention, a kind of energy-storing and power-generating system is provided, including:Motor, for providing compressor Electric power needed for group;It calms the anger unit, for air compression to be entered caisson by electric power in energy storage;Caisson is used In the storage compressed air for receiving unit of calming the anger;Caisson is located in water source;Expand unit, power generation when, compressed air into Enter to expand unit expansion work;Generator, expansion unit driving generator generate electricity;The caisson includes the first gas storage Device and the second caisson;First caisson is set in pond, and first caisson is set to outside pond; First caisson is communicated with the second caisson by regulating valve;The expansion unit includes high pressure expansion machine and low Compression swelling machine, first caisson and the second caisson are respectively by switch valve and the high pressure expansion machine and low Compression swelling machine;In power generation, by the way that the switch valve control is controlled to enter the pressure for the compressed air for expanding unit.
Preferably, the compressor group passes through first switch valve and second switch valve and first caisson respectively And second caisson connection;First caisson is communicated by third switch valve with the high pressure expansion machine;It is described Second caisson is communicated by the 4th switch valve with the high pressure expansion machine.
Preferably, generate electricity start when, control device control the first switch valve, second switch valve, the 4th switch valve, Regulating valve is closed, and the third switch valve is opened.
Preferably, when first caisson and the second caisson are simultaneously by the third switch valve to described When the flow that high pressure expansion machine is conveyed is less than its metered flow, control device closes the third switch valve, opens described the Four switch valves.
Preferably, flowmeter is set in the air intake of the high pressure expansion machine, pressure is set in second caisson Strong meter;After power generation starts, the air intake flow is monitored in real time, when the air intake flow is less than flow threshold, institute It is the particular value less than its metered flow to state flow threshold, and the second caisson internal pressure is powerful in first gas storage In device during pressure, the control device controls the regulating valve to open, and controls the flow of the regulating valve equal to described Metered flow;When pressure is equal to pressure in the first caisson in second caisson and the air intake flow is small When the flow threshold, third switch valve and the regulating valve are closed, opens the 4th switch valve;When the described second storage Pressure is less than threshold pressure in device of air, closes the 4th switch valve.
As another aspect of the present invention, a kind of electric load wave crest operation controlling party of energy-storing and power-generating system is provided Method includes the following steps:1)When generating electricity beginning, control device controls the first switch valve, second switch valve, the 4th switch Valve, regulating valve are closed, and the third switch valve is opened, and first caisson conveys compressed air to the high pressure expansion machine It generates electricity;2)When first caisson and the second caisson are simultaneously by the third switch valve to the high pressure When the flow that expanding machine is conveyed is less than its metered flow, control device closes the third switch valve, opens the described 4th and opens Valve is closed, second caisson generates electricity to low-pressure expansion machine conveying compressed air.
As another aspect of the present invention, a kind of electric load wave crest operation controlling party of energy-storing and power-generating system is provided Method includes the following steps:1)When generating electricity beginning, control device controls the first switch valve, second switch valve, the 4th switch Valve, regulating valve are closed, and the third switch valve is opened, and first caisson conveys compressed air to the high pressure expansion machine It generates electricity;2)The high pressure expansion machine air intake flow is monitored in real time, when the air intake flow is less than the flow Threshold value, and the second caisson internal pressure is powerful when pressure in first caisson, the control device control The regulating valve is opened, and the flow of the regulating valve is controlled to be equal to the metered flow;First caisson and institute The second caisson is stated to generate electricity to high pressure expansion machine conveying compressed air by the third switch valve together;3)When Pressure is equal to pressure in the first caisson in second caisson and the air intake flow is less than the flow During threshold value, third switch valve and the regulating valve are closed, opens the 4th switch valve;Second caisson is to described Low-pressure expansion machine conveying compressed air generates electricity;4)When pressure is less than the pressure of low-pressure expansion machine in second caisson Threshold value closes the 4th switch valve.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system construction drawing of energy-storing and power-generating system of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, may be used also To obtain other attached drawings according to these attached drawings.
Referring to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the energy-storing and power-generating system of the embodiment of the present invention, including motor 1, calm the anger unit 2, water source 3rd, the first caisson 4, the second caisson 5, high pressure expansion machine 61, low-pressure expansion machine 62 and generator 7.Motor 1 is used In the electric power that offer is calmed the anger needed for unit 2, in low power consumption, motor 1 obtains the electric power of surplus by being used for compressed air.Pressure Mechanism of qi group 2, for air compression to be entered caisson by electric power in energy storage, air boosts heating in compressor, into Enter caisson.
Water source 3 be artificial pond, have specific volume, be set as area of section with the raising of height increased shape Shape.Caisson includes the first caisson 4 and the second caisson 5.Wherein, the first caisson 4 is flexible container, is set It puts inside water source 3,3 lower section certain height of water source is fixed on by fixing device.It preferably, can be by the first caisson 4 It is set as, in swelling volume maximum, the area of the pond cross section of height is less than the one of 3 topside area of water source where vertex Half.Setting in this way, even if when the volume change of flexible container leads to the height change at water source, at the top of water source Sectional area is larger, so as to which the variation of its relative altitude is smaller, so as to reduce water source height change for atmospheric pressure in flexible container Influence.Second caisson 5 is rigid container, is arranged on outside water source 3, passes through regulating valve 8 and 4 phase of the first caisson It is logical.
Unit 2 is calmed the anger respectively by first passage 9 and 10 and first caisson 4 of second channel and the second caisson 5 communicate.First switch valve 11 is set on first passage 9, setting second switch valve 12 on second channel 10.First caisson 4 It is communicated by third channel 13 with high pressure expansion machine 61, third switch valve 14 is set on third channel 13, the second caisson 5 is logical It crosses fourth lane 15 to communicate with low-pressure expansion machine 62, the 4th switch valve 16 is set in fourth lane 15.Expansion unit is used to send out When electric, compressed air enters expansion unit expansion work, and the air that wherein high pressure expansion machine 61 exports enters low-pressure expansion machine 62, So as to continue to generate electricity.It can be to set heat exchanger on third channel 13, for entering high pressure after compressed air is heated Expanding machine 61.Meanwhile heat exchanger is set between 61 and first expanding machine 62 of high pressure expansion machine.Generator 7, in peak of power consumption When, expansion unit driving generator generates electricity, and is supplied to electric system.
Control device, in low power consumption energy storage, control first switch valve 11 and second switch valve 12 start in energy storage Shi Kaiqi closes third switch valve 14 and the 4th switch valve 16, and the unit 2 while deliver compressed air to of calming the anger is stored up to first 4 and second caisson 5 of device of air.It is required when gas volume reaches maximum volume more than it in the first caisson 4 During gas volume, at this point, the energy storage of the first caisson 4 reaches maximum value, control device control first switch valve 11 close with And regulating valve 8 is closed;So as to which unit 2 of calming the anger is only by compressed air storage to the second caisson 5.At the end of energy storage, control Device second switch valve 12 and regulating valve 8 are closed.
Flowmeter is set in the air intake of high pressure expansion machine 61, pressure gage is set in the second caisson 5.In electricity consumption height When peak power generation starts, control device control first switch valve 11, second switch valve 12, the 4th switch valve 16, regulating valve 8 are closed, Third switch valve 14 is opened, and the first caisson 4 conveys compressed air to high pressure expansion machine 61 and generates electricity.In high pressure expansion machine 61 air intake setting flowmeter, 5 interior setting pressure gage of the second caisson.During power generation carries out, real time monitoring is empty Gas inlet flow rate, when air intake flow is less than flow threshold, which is less than 61 metered flow of high pressure expansion machine Particular value, and 5 internal pressure of the second caisson is powerful when pressure in the first caisson 4, and control device controls to adjust valve 8 and opens It opens, and the flow for controlling to adjust valve 8 is equal to the metered flow.When the first caisson 4 volume be less than its threshold volume, Pressure is equal to pressure in the first caisson 4 in the second caisson 5 at this time and 61 air intake flow of high pressure expansion machine is small When flow threshold, represent that the compressed air energy in the first caisson 4 is insufficient, but the second caisson 5 at this time The interior air still having equal to source pressure, closes third switch valve 14 and regulating valve 8, opens the 4th switch valve 16, leads to The second caisson 5 is crossed to generate electricity to the conveying of low-pressure expansion machine 62 compressed air;When in the second caisson 5 pressure be less than it is low The threshold pressure of compression swelling machine, closes the 4th switch valve 16, and power generation process terminates.
The electric load wave crest progress control method of energy-storing and power-generating system of the present invention, includes the following steps:1)It is opened in power generation During the beginning, control device controls the first switch valve 11, second switch valve 12, the 4th switch valve 16, regulating valve to close 8, third Switch valve 14 is opened, and the first caisson 4 conveys compressed air to high pressure expansion machine 61 and generates electricity;2)It is swollen to monitor high pressure in real time Swollen 61 air intake flow of machine, when air intake instantaneous flow be less than flow threshold, and 5 internal pressure of the second caisson it is powerful in In first caisson 4 during pressure, control device controls to adjust valve 8 and opens, and the flow for controlling to adjust valve 8 is equal to specified stream Amount;First caisson 4 and the second caisson 5 convey compressed air by third switch valve 14 to high pressure expansion machine 61 together It generates electricity;3)When pressure is equal to pressure in the first caisson in the second caisson 5 and 61 air of high pressure expansion machine enters When mouth flow is less than flow threshold, third switch valve 14 and regulating valve 8 are closed, opens the 4th switch valve 16;Second gas storage fills 4 are put to generate electricity to the conveying of low-pressure expansion machine 62 compressed air;4)When pressure is less than low-pressure expansion machine in the second caisson 4 Threshold pressure closes the 4th switch valve.
By the above-mentioned setting of the present invention, when load wave crest is generated electricity, even if the volume of flexible container is less than it Compressed air in rigid container still can be passed through low-pressure expansion machine by volume threshold by releasing, further Power generation avoids the problem of rigid container transformation release air leads to that high pressure expansion machine pressure demand cannot be met.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-described embodiment, All technical solutions belonged under thinking of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.For the ordinary skill people of the art For member, several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention should be regarded as falling into protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of energy-storing and power-generating system, including:Motor, for providing the electric power calmed the anger needed for unit;Calm the anger unit, for Air compression is entered by caisson by electric power during energy storage;Caisson, for receiving the storage compressed air for unit of calming the anger; Caisson is located in water source;Unit is expanded, in power generation, compressed air enters expansion unit expansion work;Generator, expansion Unit driving generator generates electricity;It is characterized in that:The caisson includes the first caisson and the second caisson; First caisson is set in pond, and second caisson is set to outside pond;First caisson with Second caisson is communicated by regulating valve;It is described expansion unit include high pressure expansion machine and low-pressure expansion machine, described first Caisson and the second caisson are communicated respectively by switch valve with the high pressure expansion machine and low-pressure expansion machine;It is sending out When electric, by the way that the switch valve control is controlled to enter the pressure for the compressed air for expanding unit;The compressor group passes through respectively First switch valve and second switch valve are connect with first caisson and the second caisson;The first gas storage dress It puts and is communicated by third switch valve with the high pressure expansion machine;Second caisson passes through the 4th switch valve and the low pressure Expanding machine communicates.
2. energy-storing and power-generating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:When generating electricity beginning, control device control institute It states first switch valve, second switch valve, the 4th switch valve, regulating valve to close, the third switch valve is opened.
3. energy-storing and power-generating system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:When first caisson and second store up When the flow that device of air is conveyed by the third switch valve to the high pressure expansion machine simultaneously is less than its metered flow, control Device closes the third switch valve, opens the 4th switch valve.
4. a kind of electric load wave crest progress control method of the energy-storing and power-generating system described in claim 3, includes the following steps: 1)When generating electricity beginning, control device controls the first switch valve, second switch valve, the 4th switch valve, regulating valve to close, institute The unlatching of third switch valve is stated, first caisson generates electricity to high pressure expansion machine conveying compressed air;2)Work as institute It states the first caisson and the second caisson while is conveyed by the third switch valve to the high pressure expansion machine When flow is less than its metered flow, control device closes the third switch valve, opens the 4th switch valve, second storage Device of air generates electricity to low-pressure expansion machine conveying compressed air.
5. a kind of electric load wave crest progress control method of the energy-storing and power-generating system described in claim 3, includes the following steps: 1)When generating electricity beginning, control device controls the first switch valve, second switch valve, the 4th switch valve, regulating valve to close, institute The unlatching of third switch valve is stated, first caisson generates electricity to high pressure expansion machine conveying compressed air;2)In real time The high pressure expansion machine air intake flow is monitored, when the air intake flow is less than the flow threshold, and described the Two caisson internal pressures are powerful when pressure in first caisson, and the control device controls the regulating valve to open, And the flow of the regulating valve is controlled to be equal to the metered flow;First caisson and second caisson one It rises and is generated electricity by the third switch valve to high pressure expansion machine conveying compressed air;3)When second caisson When interior pressure is equal to that pressure and the air intake flow are less than the flow threshold in the first caisson, closes third and open Valve and the regulating valve are closed, opens the 4th switch valve;Second caisson is to the low-pressure expansion machine delivery pressure Contracting air generates electricity;4)When pressure is less than the threshold pressure of low-pressure expansion machine in second caisson, described the is closed Four switch valves.
CN201610155690.7A 2016-03-19 2016-03-19 Energy-storing and power-generating system and electric load wave crest progress control method Active CN105680462B (en)

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JP6652621B1 (en) * 2018-10-23 2020-02-26 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Compressed air storage power generation device and compressed air storage power generation method
CN110274150B (en) * 2019-06-05 2021-04-06 许未晴 High-pressure air storage device and method for compressed air energy storage

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CN103452612A (en) * 2013-08-28 2013-12-18 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 Compressed air energy storage system using carbon dioxide as working medium
CN104410171A (en) * 2014-11-05 2015-03-11 江苏太阳宝新能源有限公司 Energy storage method for smart power grid and apparatus adopted by method
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CN105351022A (en) * 2015-11-23 2016-02-24 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 Distributive energy supply compressed gas energy storage system

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