CN103444437A - High-yield cultivation method for black fungus - Google Patents
High-yield cultivation method for black fungus Download PDFInfo
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- CN103444437A CN103444437A CN2013104024674A CN201310402467A CN103444437A CN 103444437 A CN103444437 A CN 103444437A CN 2013104024674 A CN2013104024674 A CN 2013104024674A CN 201310402467 A CN201310402467 A CN 201310402467A CN 103444437 A CN103444437 A CN 103444437A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-yield cultivation method for black fungus. The high-yield cultivation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 70 parts by weight of saw dust and 30 parts by weight of nutrient, then completely filling the material to form sticks, placing in fungus stick bags and fastening the necks of the bags; feeding the fungus stick bags into a sterilizing room; feeding into an inoculation box to inoculate; selecting a shady, rain-proof and high-permeability fungus farm to cultivate the fungus; after fungi spread over the fungus sticks, sterilizing greenhouses with slaked lime, then perforating the fungus sticks with a perforator and placing in the greenhouses; picking when the diameter of the winter fungi is 1-3 cm and the diameter of the spring fungi is 3-5 cm, naturally drying and bagging and warehousing after all the fungi become hard. The black fungi produced by the cultivation method have uniform shapes, bright color and high yield. Compared with outdoor cultivation, the cultivation method has the advantages that the biotransformation rate is high, the yield and the quality are both obviously improved and the biotransformation rate can reach over 24 percent and is much higher than those of cut-log cultivation and outdoor bagging cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation of cloud ear, specifically a kind of cloud ear high-yield cultivating method.
Background technology
The cloud ear is woodear, and the entity for the Basidiomycetes Auriculariaceae plant auricularia auriculajudae of Mycophyta, blazon what all over the world.Chang Jisheng what mulberry, Chinese scholartree, willow, open up, on the withered trees of paper mulberry, all trees of elm, because body is gained the name as people's ear.
Current cloud ear cultivation, in the high-temperature resistance plastice bag of packing into special-purpose by wood chip, cotton seed hull, crops stalk crushing thing, wheat bran, mineral matter etc., go out ear and form through high temperature sterilization, inoculation, cultivation, scarfing, but cultivating on a large scale ubiquity yields poorly, poor quality, the problems such as pollution rate is high, and output is unstable.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of cloud ear high-yield cultivating method, adopt the cloud ear output of this method cultivation high, quality better.
The technical scheme that realizes the object of the invention is:
A kind of cloud ear high-yield cultivating method, comprise the steps:
(1) spice: take wood chip 70, fuel 30 by the materials weight part ratio and mix and mix thoroughly, make its moisture content remain on 55-60%, the pH value is 7.5-8.0;
(2) fill rod: the material that step (1) is mixed all fills rod, fills the long 40cm of rod after rod, diameter 10cm, and the heavy 2.7-3.0 jin of rod, then put into bacterium rod bag, tightens sack;
(3) sterilization: the bacterium of step (2) rod bag is sent in disinfection room, stacked neatly, closely, after closing hermatic door, open steam valve, disinfection room temperature in 60 minutes need reach 100 ℃, pressure 0.02Mpa, keep more than 40 hours steam off valve, cooling 12 hours of opening encapsulation door;
(4) inoculation: when bacterium rod temperature is cooled to 35 ℃, first inoculating hood is sprayed with 75% alcohol, the smog disinfecting time, after 30 minutes, is sent the bacterium rod into the inoculating hood inoculation, and inoculate bacterium rod quantity is 60-120 at every turn, and inoculation time is no more than 60 minutes; Finished bacterium rod packages with bagging immediately;
(5) bacteria: select to shelter from heat or light, the bacteria field of rainproof, good permeability, and with 0.2% disinfectant, spray disinfectant is carried out in the bacteria field before bacteria after, the bacterium rod of having inoculated is put into to the bacteria field, seedling rod south-north direction is stacked, every row is no more than 8 layers, two ends are groined type, and row's spacing is more than 50cm, and temperature is controlled between 25-30 ℃;
(6) added: as to treat that the bacterium rod covers with mycelia fully, get final product perforate after 7 days added, first with white lime, booth is carried out disinfection, put into canopy with opener after to the perforate of bacterium rod again, the hole gauge lattice are 10-20cm, each 5-8 hole, two ends, hole depth 0.8-1.0cm, spacing while putting between each bacterium rod is 15-20cm, inclination angle 15-30 degree, density be 15 rods/square metre;
(7) booth management: temperature of shed is not higher than 25 ℃, and sooner or later take a breath once every day, and each time of exchanging gas is not less than 30 minutes, and relative moisture is 75-95%; As temperature of shed, during higher than 25 ℃, in the reply canopy, carry out aeration-cooling; After 7-10 days, when mycelia bleaches fully, raise shade net, spray water once every day, each 10 minutes; After opening starts to occur black bacterium bud, spray water twice every day, each 50-60 minute, twice water spray is no less than 4 hours interval time; When the fruit body diameter reaches the harvesting requirement, in harvesting, stop spraying water the previous day;
(8) pluck: as winter ear diameter 1-3cm, during spring ear diameter 3-5cm, plucked, after each the harvesting, stopped the 5-7 days that sprays water, adopted the natural drying mode, individual layer, airing in the rainy day canopy, after the whole hardening of auricle, the pack warehouse-in.
Described fuel is wheat bran, cotton seed hulls, fine particle calcium carbonate etc.
Product is after testing: the cloud ear contains rich in protein, iron, calcium, vitamin, raw fiber, and wherein protein content and meat are suitable, iron is higher 10 times than meat, calcium is 20 times of meat, and the plain B2 of micro-life is more than 10 times of vegetables, and the cloud ear also contains multiple beneficial amino acid and trace element.
Advantage of the present invention is: not only a type is even to adopt the cloud ear of cultivation method output of the present invention, and color and luster is beautiful, and output is high.With respect to outdoor cultivation, biological transformation ratio, output, quality all are significantly improved, and its biological transformation ratio can reach more than 24%, more high than segment wood cultivated (generally being no more than 5%) and outdoor cultivating in bag (being generally 15%).
Embodiment
A kind of cloud ear high-yield cultivating method, comprise the steps:
1,
mixing material ratio: get main base-materialwood chip 70%, stack and highly to be no more than 50cm, first main base-material stirred one time, then fuel 30% evenly is sprinkling upon above main base-material, and adding water to fuel can not airborne dust, laterally stirs once, directly to stirring once.Survey water content by Moisture Meter, as lower than 55%, then sprinkle water, each stirs once anyhow.Check weighing is answered aforesaid operations again, until water content is between 55%-60%.During watering, being noted that once can not be too many, otherwise probably causes moisture content to exceed standard.
2, fill rod:the material of mixing must all fill rod in 8 hours.Fill rod and want closely, the long 40cm of rod, diameter 10cm, weight 2.7-3.0 jin, kick the beam and show rod pine, the overweight tension that shows.The rope of appointment for tying.First with hand, sack is compressed, Origuchi, rope is positive and negative respectively around 3 circles.Pierce through as the rod bag has by base-material, with adhesive plaster, post acanthopore.
3,
sterilization:
The front inspection disinfection room of doing the cooking seals situation.As sealant has breakage, with high temperature resistant adhesive plaster, fill.The bacterium rod will be handled with care, prevents from falling on the ground and abrade the bacterium bag.In disinfection room, press directly to stacking.Stack and want neat, tight, heap prevents from collapsing.Do the cooking complete, seal up a door, drive steam valve.As found, door has gas leakage, seals up a door again to without till steam leakage.
Do the cooking within latter 15 minutes and must pass into steam, disinfection room must not leaked steam, and in 60 minutes, temperature need reach 100 ℃, and pressure 0.02MPa kept more than 40 hours, closed steam valve and opened hermatic door, cooling 12 hours, went out kitchen range.
4,
inoculation:
Bacterium rod inoculation temperature must not surpass 30 ℃, and before bacterium rod inlet, inoculating hood sprays with 75% alcohol, smog disinfecting time 30 minutes, and inoculation time is no more than 60 minutes, and as can not be all finished in 60 minutes, the bacterium rod of remainder gives over to next case and inoculates.
Inoculation adopts three holes, and the opening cone is opened unprecedentedly at every turn and need be burnt on alcolhol burner 3-5 second, opening degree of depth 3-4cm, and the bacterial classification piece is consistent with mouthful diameter, and access port will compress, and the broken bacterial classification piece of opening must not be used, and finished bacterium rod will package with bagging immediately.
5,
bacteria
Bacteria field need shelter from heat or light (covering two-layer shade net), rainproof, good permeability, and before bacteria with 0.2%84 disinfectant spray disinfectant.Bacterium heap south-north direction, single, every row is no more than 8 layers, and the two ends groined type, more than row's spacing 50cm.Find to infect rod and clear up immediately, the bacterium stack temperature is between 25-38 ℃.
6,
added
It is can perforate after 7 days added that mycelia is covered with bacterium rod fully.Booth is sterilized with white lime in advance.Rod face perforate specification is 10x20,5-8 hole, two, degree of depth 0.8-1.0cm.It is between 15-20cm that the bacterium rod is put spacing, inclination angle 15-30 degree, density 15 Bang ∕ square metre.
7,
the greenhouse-environment requirement
Check canopy temperature every day, as found higher than 25 ℃, lift up booth two side shirt edges aeration-cooling at once.Below 25 ℃ the time, sooner or later take a breath once every day, and each time is not less than 30 minutes.
After 7-10 days, when mycelia bleaches fully, raise shade net.Spray water once every day, each 10 minutes.After opening starts to occur black bacterium bud, spray water twice every day, respectively once each 50-60 minute, sprayed water for twice and be no less than 4 hours interval time morning and afternoon.In each water spray process, the staff will dress raincoat and enter the booth inspection and touch pipe whether obstruction is arranged, if any cleaning immediately.
(8) pluck
Winter ear diameter 1-3cm, spring ear diameter 3-5cm, stop the 5-7 days that sprays water after each the harvesting, lifts up the booth shirt rim and breathe freely.When the fruit body diameter reaches the harvesting requirement, stop water spray in the previous day of plucking.
The cloud ear adopts the natural drying mode, individual layer, and airing in the rainy day canopy, after the whole hardening of auricle, the pack warehouse-in.
When producing, finish season, all waste mushroom sticks all are disposed across on the bacterium frame, and all booths shirt rim all lifts up, in order to dry the bacterium rod.
Claims (3)
1. a cloud ear high-yield cultivating method, comprise spice, sterilization, inoculation, bacteria, added, booth management and the step of gathering, and it is characterized in that:
(1) spice: take wood chip 70, fuel 30 by the materials weight part ratio and mix and mix thoroughly, make its moisture content remain on 55-60%, the pH value is 7.5-8.0;
(2) fill rod: the material that step (1) is mixed all fills rod, fills the long 40cm of rod after rod, diameter 10cm, and the heavy 2.7-3.0 jin of rod, then put into bacterium rod bag, tightens sack;
(3) sterilization: the bacterium of step (2) rod bag is sent in disinfection room, stacked neatly, closely, after closing hermatic door, open steam valve, disinfection room temperature in 60 minutes need reach 100 ℃, pressure 0.02Mpa, keep more than 40 hours steam off valve, cooling 12 hours of opening encapsulation door;
(4) inoculation: when bacterium rod temperature is cooled to 35 ℃, first inoculating hood is sprayed with 75% alcohol, the smog disinfecting time, after 30 minutes, is sent the bacterium rod into the inoculating hood inoculation, and inoculate bacterium rod quantity is 60-120 at every turn, and inoculation time is no more than 60 minutes; Finished bacterium rod packages with bagging immediately;
(5) bacteria: select to shelter from heat or light, the bacteria field of rainproof, good permeability, and with 0.2% disinfectant, spray disinfectant is carried out in the bacteria field before bacteria after, the bacterium rod of having inoculated is put into to the bacteria field, seedling rod south-north direction is stacked, every row is no more than 8 layers, two ends are groined type, and row's spacing is more than 50cm, and temperature is controlled between 25-30 ℃;
(6) added: as to treat that the bacterium rod covers with mycelia fully, get final product perforate after 7 days added, first with white lime, booth is carried out disinfection, put into canopy with opener after to the perforate of bacterium rod again, the hole gauge lattice are 10-20cm, each 5-8 hole, two ends, hole depth 0.8-1.0cm, spacing while putting between each bacterium rod is 15-20cm, inclination angle 15-30 degree, density be 15 rods/square metre;
(7) booth management: temperature of shed is not higher than 25 ℃, and sooner or later take a breath once every day, and each time of exchanging gas is not less than 30 minutes, and relative moisture is 75-95%; As temperature of shed, during higher than 25 ℃, in the reply canopy, carry out aeration-cooling; After 7-10 days, when mycelia bleaches fully, raise shade net, spray water once every day, each 10 minutes; After opening starts to occur black bacterium bud, spray water twice every day, each 50-60 minute, twice water spray is no less than 4 hours interval time; When the fruit body diameter reaches the harvesting requirement, in harvesting, stop spraying water the previous day;
(8) pluck: as winter ear diameter 1-3cm, during spring ear diameter 3-5cm, plucked, after each the harvesting, stopped the 5-7 days that sprays water, adopted the natural drying mode, individual layer, airing in the rainy day canopy, after the whole hardening of auricle, the pack warehouse-in.
2. cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fuel is wheat bran, cotton seed hulls and fine particle calcium carbonate.
3. the cloud ear of cultivating with the described cultivation method of claim 1 or 2.
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| CN2013104024674A CN103444437A (en) | 2013-09-07 | 2013-09-07 | High-yield cultivation method for black fungus |
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| CN2013104024674A CN103444437A (en) | 2013-09-07 | 2013-09-07 | High-yield cultivation method for black fungus |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103918474A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-16 | 浙江省农业技术推广中心 | Method of cultivating black fungus in southern districts |
| CN105009942A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-04 | 兴安县铭晖食用菌种植有限公司 | Method for planting black fungus |
| CN105052542A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-18 | 桂林宏旺菌业股份有限公司 | Black fungus cultivation method |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101851135A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2010-10-06 | 东至县兴农菌业有限责任公司 | Formula of cotton stalk scrap bag-carried feed of auricularia polytricha and cultivating method of auricularia polytricha |
-
2013
- 2013-09-07 CN CN2013104024674A patent/CN103444437A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101851135A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2010-10-06 | 东至县兴农菌业有限责任公司 | Formula of cotton stalk scrap bag-carried feed of auricularia polytricha and cultivating method of auricularia polytricha |
Non-Patent Citations (8)
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| 叶家栋等: "《食用菌栽培（下册）》", 31 May 1987, article "代料栽培", pages: 139 * |
| 姚方杰等: "我国黑木耳两种主栽模式浅析", 《食药用菌》, vol. 19, no. 3, 19 May 2011 (2011-05-19), pages 38 - 39 * |
| 姜守忠等: "《香菇黑木耳栽培技术》", 31 October 1980, article "原种栽培种生产", pages: 94 * |
| 崔德芳等: "《优质黑木耳栽培技术》", 31 January 2009, article "黑木耳菌棒的制作" * |
| 沈瑞: "黑木耳出耳期的管理", 《山东蔬菜》, no. 3, 20 August 2007 (2007-08-20) * |
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| 陈影等: "黑木耳代用料栽培的注意事项和建议", 《中国食用菌》, vol. 29, no. 02, 15 March 2010 (2010-03-15), pages 55 - 58 * |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103918474A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-16 | 浙江省农业技术推广中心 | Method of cultivating black fungus in southern districts |
| CN103918474B (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2016-01-06 | 浙江省农业技术推广中心 | The cultivation method of a kind of southern area woodear |
| CN105009942A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-04 | 兴安县铭晖食用菌种植有限公司 | Method for planting black fungus |
| CN105052542A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-18 | 桂林宏旺菌业股份有限公司 | Black fungus cultivation method |
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Application publication date: 20131218 |