CN103436296B - Slag gasifier for pressurized fixed bed - Google Patents
Slag gasifier for pressurized fixed bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN103436296B CN103436296B CN201310411452.4A CN201310411452A CN103436296B CN 103436296 B CN103436296 B CN 103436296B CN 201310411452 A CN201310411452 A CN 201310411452A CN 103436296 B CN103436296 B CN 103436296B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a slag gasifier for a pressurized fixed bed. The slag gasifier comprises a coal lock for intermittently taking coal from a bunker and feeding the coal into a pressurized gasifier container, a transition bin enabling the coal in the coal lock to be fed in the pressurized gasifier container conveniently, the pressurized gasifier container for combusting and gasifying carbon-containing solid fuels at a certain temperature and with certain pressure by virtue of a gasifying agent from a nozzle, a connection pup joint for gasifying operations of slagging, chilling, evacuation and the like, a chilling chamber for chilling and cooling molten slag and a slag lock for storing vitric slag particles and discharging the vitric slag particles to the outside by a cone valve. An operation method of the slag gasifier comprises the steps of adjusting the temperature of a raw gas outlet, gasifying carbon-containing solid fuels, adjusting the gasifying load of the gasifier, controlling the operation pressure of the gasifier, controlling the pressure difference between the connection pup joint and the gasifier, slag discharge of a slag discharging port and slag support operations, chilling and cooling molten slag, controlling water quantity of the chilling chamber to remove heat of the molten slag, storing slag particles and discharging the slag particles to the outside.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fixed-bed gasification furnace, relate more specifically to the working method of a kind of pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace and pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace.
Background technology
Pressurization static bed vapourizing furnace representative is both at home and abroad lurgi gasifier at present, and lurgi gasifier is a kind of equipment of coal pressure gasification, and adverse current gasifies, and uses mechanical grate to carry out dry method ash discharge; Temperature of combustion below the softening temperature of coal ash, must adopt and spray into a large amount of steam to control the temperature of combustion of oxygen and coal coke lower than coal ash fusion temperature.There is more defect in lurgi gasifier, as low in single stove operating load, steam consumption is large, produce that wastewater flow rate is large, dry method ash discharge contaminate environment, gasification efficiency is low, running cost is high.
Except the lurgi gasifier of fixed bed, conventional also has the airflow bed gasification furnaces such as Shell stove (representative of dry pulverized coal stove), Texaco stove (water-coal slurry furnace representative).Their feature is: the coal that enters of Shell stove is dry pulverized coal, and oxygen and steam are vaporized chemical, about 1400 ~ 1600 DEG C of gasification temperature, vapourizing furnace temperature out is greater than about 1000 DEG C, oxygen depletion amount is about 0.73kg/kg, and efficiency of carbon conversion is 99%, and cold gas efficiency is about 81%; Texaco stove adopts slag tap technology, and entering coal is coal water slurry, and pure oxygen is vaporized chemical, about 1400 ~ 1500 DEG C of gasification temperature, and vapourizing furnace temperature out is greater than about 1000 DEG C, and oxygen depletion amount is 0.82kg/kg, and efficiency of carbon conversion is 98%, and cold gas efficiency is 74%.There is following shortcoming in these two kinds of conventional vapourizing furnaces: dry pulverized coal system complex prepared by Shell stove, dust discharge amount is large, disposable apparatus investment cost is high, vapourizing furnace temperature out is high and structure is too complicated etc., and oxygen consumption is large; Texaco stove effective gas component content is low, cold gas efficiency is low, coal adaptability is poor, vapourizing furnace temperature out is high, the burner life-span is short, chilling ring problem is many, the shortcomings such as oxygen consumption is large, and the structure of vapourizing furnace is too complicated, dry feed dust discharge amount is large.
Therefore, in order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned vapourizing furnace, need the pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace that a kind of improvement is provided.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
The object of the invention is to, on the basis of introducing slag tap technology, for carbonaceous fuel provides a kind of effective way to the Efficient Conversion of synthetic gas, also provide a kind of environmental protection more, pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace that better, the comprehensive cost performance of economy is higher simultaneously.
(2) technical scheme
This pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace is on the basis of lurgi gasifier, amplifies, design improvement a kind of novel flexible and efficient vapourizing furnace developed through business runtime verification through test research and development for many years, industry.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace comprises the pressurized gasification container of a column.Coal or other carbonaceous fuel drop into from gasification pressurized gasification container top, utilize nozzle to be caused in the lower fuel of gas pressing gasification vessel by vaporized chemical, are vaporized at high temperature under high pressure.Residual ash (as slag and iron) is collected in the slag bath of gas pressing gasification vessel, and slag and Tie Tong cross the slag-drip opening of slag bath and discharge off and on (being usually called " deslagging "), enter in the water of slag bath bottom shock chamber.The products of combustion of heat is obtained by the burner in pipe nipple below slag-drip opening, upwards transmits, to hold slag and the iron in a pond in slag bath through slag-drip opening with bubbling form.By the blowdown system of controlled chilling room connecting short section to atmospheric steam exhaust, reduce the pressure of shock chamber's connecting short section, between shock chamber's connecting short section and gas pressing gasification vessel, produce differential pressure, promote the discharge of slag and iron.By the water cycle of the water inlet pipe in the water inlet pipe of connecting short section, shock chamber and rising pipe controlled chilling room to remove the heat of slag.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace comprises: coal is locked, and it is be positioned at transitional storehouse top, for getting the storage vessel of coal to pressurized gasification container coal from coal bunker off and on; Transitional storehouse, its be between coal lock with vapourizing furnace, impel coal to lock in coal to add " Y " type passage in pressurized gasification container by gravity; Pressurized gasification container, as the main body of gasification, it is between transitional storehouse and connecting short section, utilizes the nozzle of bottom to introduce vaporized chemical under certain temperature and pressure by the gasification vessel of carbonic solid fuels gasification, raw gas discharged by the top raw gas outlet pipe of pressurized gasification container, and the bottom slag bath of pressurized gasification container is collected slag and discharges slag off and on by slag-drip opening; Connecting short section, it is positioned at pressurized gasification lower vessel portion and top, shock chamber, for connecting pressurized gasification container and shock chamber, is the important connecting container that carry important emptying, gasification operation such as holder slag and deslagging etc.; Shock chamber, it is between connecting short section and slag lock, for Quench, cools slag and utilizes water cycle to remove the water-filled vessel of slag heat; With slag lock, it is for being positioned at bottom, shock chamber, for temporary transient store glass matter slag particles and by cone valve by solid slag particle discharge container out-of-bounds.The upper and lower of coal lock is provided with cone valve, and it is the parts for controlling coal.The upper and lower of slag lock is provided with cone valve, and it is the parts for controlling slag dumping.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, two or more coal lock is made up of cylindrical upper section and tapered lower portion, and upper and lower ends opening is equipped with cone valve, gets coal and to pressurized gasification container coal with alternately pressurization pressure release to coal bunker.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, transitional storehouse is in " Y " type, and top bifurcated respectively connects a coal lock, and its underpart is connected with the top of pressurized gasification container, impels coal to rely on gravity to enter in pressurized gasification container.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the pressurized gasification container of column comprises: the outlet of coal inlet, raw gas, nozzle, slag bath and slag-drip opening.Coal inlet is positioned at the top of pressurized gasification container, raw gas outlet is positioned at the top of pressurized gasification container, nozzle (such as six or multiple) is evenly distributed in the same level on slag bath top, slag bath is positioned at the bottom of pressurized gasification container, and slag-drip opening flange is connected to the bottom of pressurized gasification container.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, connecting short section comprises installation guard shield within it, burner, air endless tube and water inlet pipe.Under guard shield is arranged on slag-drip opening, lower end is immersed in the water.Burner and air endless tube all ringwise, around the slag-drip opening being arranged on guard shield top from inside to outside.Water inlet pipe is communicated with the chilling ring in connecting short section, is arranged on the middle and upper part of connecting short section.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, shock chamber is arranged on connecting short section bottom, inner filling water, and the top of shock chamber is provided with water inlet pipe and rising pipe.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the upper and lower opening of slag lock is equipped with cone valve, for discharging the solid impurity particle of solid off and on.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the center that the coal lock of arranging successively from top to down, transitional storehouse, pressurized gasification container, connecting short section, shock chamber and slag are locked all is positioned on same longitudinal axis.Carbonaceous fuel is from top to bottom successively by coal lock, transitional storehouse, pressurized gasification container, and the slag produced at pressurized-gasification furnace container bottom is discharged out-of-bounds successively after connecting short section, shock chamber and slag lock.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the various carbonaceous fuels of gasifiable a wider range, such as, comprise the rubbish of various bulk, biomass, plastics, low low grade coal, moulded coal, fat coal and various propellant combinations etc.
Particularly, present invention also offers following technical scheme:
1. a pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace, is characterized in that, it comprises:
Coal is locked, and it is positioned at transitional storehouse top, for getting coal to pressurized gasification container coal from coal bunker off and on;
Transitional storehouse, it is the passage between coal lock and vapourizing furnace, and the coal be convenient in being locked by coal relies on gravity to add pressurized gasification container;
Pressurized gasification container, it is between transitional storehouse and connecting short section, utilize nozzle introduce in the fuel of pressurized gasification lower vessel portion vaporized chemical by carbonic solid fuels burning and gasification gasification vessel, wherein said pressurized gasification container has top raw gas outlet pipe for discharging raw gas and bottom slag bath, and described bottom slag bath is collected slag and also discharged slag by slag-drip opening;
Connecting short section, it is positioned at vapourizing furnace bottom and top, shock chamber, for connecting pressurized gasification container and shock chamber;
Shock chamber, it is the water-filled vessel between connecting short section and slag lock, for Quench, cools and removes slag heat; And
Slag lock, it is the container being positioned at bottom, shock chamber, for store glass matter solid impurity particle and by cone valve by solid slag particle discharge out-of-bounds.
2. the pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace according to scheme 1, it is characterized in that, described pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace has two or more coal lock, described coal lock is made up of cylindrical upper section and tapered lower portion, the upper and lower end opening of described coal lock is equipped with cone valve, for pressurising pressure release and control to vapourizing furnace coal.
3. the pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace according to scheme 1, it is characterized in that, described transitional storehouse is in " Y " type, and the top of described transitional storehouse connects coal lock, the bottom of described transitional storehouse is connected with the top of described pressurized gasification container, for described pressurized gasification container coal.
4. the pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace according to scheme 1, it is characterized in that, described pressurized gasification container comprises: the outlet of coal inlet, raw gas, nozzle, slag bath and slag-drip opening, wherein said coal inlet is positioned at the top of described pressurized gasification container, described raw gas outlet is positioned at the top of described pressurized gasification container, described nozzle is evenly distributed in the same horizontal plane on described slag bath top, described slag bath is positioned at the bottom of described pressurized gasification container, and described slag-drip opening flange is connected to the bottom of described pressurized gasification container.
5. the pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace according to scheme 1, it is characterized in that, described connecting short section comprises the guard shield, burner, air endless tube and the water inlet pipe that are arranged on wherein, wherein said guard shield is arranged under described slag-drip opening and lower end and is immersed in the water, described burner and described air endless tube are all ringwise, around the slag-drip opening being arranged on described guard shield top from inside to outside, water inlet pipe is communicated with the chilling ring in connecting short section, is arranged on the middle and upper part of connecting short section.
6. the pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace according to scheme 1, it is characterized in that, described shock chamber is arranged on the bottom of described connecting short section, its inner filling water, and its top is provided with water inlet pipe, bottom is provided with rising pipe.
7. the pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace according to scheme 1, is characterized in that, the upper and lower part opening of described slag lock is equipped with cone valve, for discharging solid slag particle off and on.
8. a working method for pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace, is characterized in that, it comprises the following steps:
Use coal lock and transitional storehouse continuously or with gap to pressurized gasification container coal, adjustment raw gas temperature out and load;
Use the pressurized gasification container between transitional storehouse and connecting short section, utilize the nozzle of its underpart to introduce vaporized chemical by solid carbonaceous fuels burning and gasification;
Use the flowrate control valve be positioned on the nozzle upstream pipeline of bottom, control enters the vaporized chemical load of vapourizing furnace to adjust the gasification load of vapourizing furnace;
Use the pressure controlled valve be positioned on raw gas outlet pipe downstream line to control the working pressure of vapourizing furnace;
The air input of valve switch, burner and the air endless tube be positioned on the blow-down pipe of connecting short section and air inlet proportioning is used to come the differential pressure of control linkage pipe nipple and vapourizing furnace, the deslagging of slag-drip opening and hold in the palm slag operation;
Use the shock chamber between connecting short section and slag lock, come Quench and cooling slag by the water in shock chamber, form glassiness solid impurity particle;
Use and be positioned at water inlet pipe in the water inlet pipe of connecting short section, shock chamber and rising pipe controls water cycle to remove the heat of slag, make slag temperature drop low;
Use the slag lock be positioned under shock chamber to store solid impurity particle, and by the cone valve that slag is locked, vitreous solid impurity particle is discharged out-of-bounds.
9. the working method of the pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace according to scheme 8, it is characterized in that, described pressurized gasification container comprises: the outlet of coal inlet, raw gas, nozzle, slag bath and slag-drip opening, wherein said coal inlet is positioned at the top of described pressurized gasification container, described raw gas outlet is positioned at the top of described pressurized gasification container, described nozzle is evenly distributed in the same horizontal plane on described slag bath top, described slag bath is positioned at the bottom of described pressurized gasification container, and described slag-drip opening flange is connected to the bottom of described pressurized gasification container.
10. the working method of the pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace according to scheme 8, it is characterized in that, described connecting short section comprises the guard shield, burner, air endless tube and the water inlet pipe that are arranged on wherein, wherein said guard shield is arranged under described slag-drip opening and lower end and is immersed in the water, described burner and described air endless tube are all ringwise, around the slag-drip opening being arranged on described guard shield top from inside to outside, water inlet pipe is communicated with the chilling ring in connecting short section, is arranged on the middle and upper part of connecting short section.
(3) beneficial effect
It is moulded coal or lump coal that pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace of the present invention enters coal, and oxygen and steam are vaporized chemical, and vapourizing furnace temperature out is 300-550 DEG C, and oxygen depletion amount is 0.49kg/kg, and efficiency of carbon conversion is higher than 99.5%, and cold gas efficiency is 89%.Therefore, compared with the vapourizing furnace of other two kinds of common type, this pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace has that coal adaptability is strong, slag tap is pollution-free, efficiency of carbon conversion is high, low, the effective gas component content advantages of higher of disposable apparatus investment concurrently, is a kind of environmental protection more, fixed-bed gasification furnace that better, the comprehensive cost performance of economy is higher.
In design of the present invention, compare with the lurgi gasifier of same inner diameter, the mechanical grate of lurgi gasifier is instead of with the fire-resistant molten slag bath exported with centre bottom deslagging, dry method ash discharge is replaced with slag tap, gasifying process obtains good optimization, make the transition heat efficiency of coal coal gas higher, reach about 90%, and lurgi gasifier can only reach about 70%; Single stove load is higher, and can reduce by a half-gasification oven number of units, namely vapourizing furnace number of units is the half of lurgi gasifier number of units; Process steam consumption significantly reduces, and is 1/10 to ten/6th of lurgi gasifier, greatly reduces boiler scale thus, reduces boiler energy consumption; Wastewater flow rate significantly reduces, and saves wastewater treatment investment, more easily realizes waste water recycling or " zero " discharge; CO in raw gas
2content is few, reduces carbon emission; Efficiency of carbon conversion is higher than 99.5%, and in slag, carbon left is lower than 0.5%, be the nontoxic glass dregs of non-percolating, and in lurgi gasifier ash, carbon left is about 6%.
Specifically, adopt technical scheme of the present invention, following technique effect can be obtained:
1, slag tap makes efficiency of carbon conversion higher, and the glassiness solid impurity particle that slag is formed through Quench is pollution-free.Because slag bath slag temperature is between 1300-1600 DEG C, unconverted carbon can be made further to be transformed in slag bath, make efficiency of carbon conversion up to 99.8%; After slag discharges slag-drip opening, directly enter Quench and cooling in the water of shock chamber, the glassiness solid impurity particle of discharge is pollution-free, can be used as byproduct and uses in building with in building the road, or backfill or buried safely.
2, heat of gasification efficiency is high, invests low.Owing to having the overall flow principle of the adverse current gasification of the gasification of modern high-temperature slag and moving-bed concurrently, improve heat of gasification efficiency, the oxygen of other slag gasification technologies of oxygen loss-rate of gasification consumption is significantly reduced, save considerably the investment of equipment that sky graded.
3, waste heat recovery cost is low.The temperature out of raw gas is only 300 ~ 550 DEG C, improves the thermo-efficiency of gasification, saves oxygen depletion, considerably reduces demand and the equipment cost of waste heat recovery.
4, wide, the strong adaptability of the range of choice of coal.The gasifiable refinery coke of this vapourizing furnace, metallurgical coke, hard coal, bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, brown coal, and the mixed material feeding of these coals; For high ash melting point coal seed, only need to add limestone flux.Insensitive to the change of ature of coal in operating process, different gasified raw material can be switched online.
5, resource utilization is high, pollution-free.After the carbon of more than 99.5% is converted into gas, in coal, remaining mineral substance at high temperature melts, and is formed discharged by furnace bottom without the vitreous solid disintegrating slag particle of diafiltration through recirculated water Quench.The slag of discharging is pollution-free, can be used as byproduct and uses in building with in building the road, or backfill or buried safely.Gasification waste water is mainly from the condensed steam that the coal that feeds intake is discharged after stove inner drying, and the water yield is little, and the concentration of organic content is high, is conducive to being separated under comparatively lower production cost, and phenol and the ammonia of recovery have higher-value as byproduct.After adopting appropriate depth-averaged model technology, the water quality after purification can be made to reach the first discharge standard requirement of Chinese river, or all recovery recycle as technique or cooling water.
6, compared with gasification technology domestic and international with other, advantage is large.The cold gas efficiency high (>89%) of this vapourizing furnace, efficiency of carbon conversion high (>99.5%), thermo-efficiency are high, oxygen consumption is low, system operation reliability is high, maintenance cost is low.
Thered is provided description is provided and more obviously will sees the more suitable application area of the present invention.Should be appreciated that the description of this part and specific examples only for illustration of, do not limit the scope of the invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By reference to the accompanying drawings, by preferred embodiment provided herein, the present invention can be understood better.Accompanying drawing provided herein just in order to illustration purpose, and can not limit the scope of the invention, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of pressurization static bed according to an embodiment of the invention slag gasification furnace;
Fig. 2 is the layout schematic diagram of burner, air endless tube and blow-down pipe between slag-drip opening and guard shield in connecting short section according to an embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
More fully embodiments of the invention are described now with reference to accompanying drawing.Following description is only exemplary in essence, does not limit the present invention and application thereof or use.
As shown in Figure 1, pressurization static bed according to an embodiment of the invention slag gasification furnace comprise in coal lock 1(figure show two coals locks), transitional storehouse 2, pressurized gasification container 3, connecting short section 4, shock chamber 5 and slag lock 6.Coal lock 1 is positioned at transitional storehouse 2 top, for getting the storage vessel of coal to pressurized gasification container 3 coal from coal bunker (not shown) off and on.Transitional storehouse 2 is between coal lock 1 and pressurized gasification container 3, impels the coal coal locked in 1 to enter " Y " type passage of pressurized gasification container 3 by gravity.Pressurized gasification container 3 is as the main body for gasifying, be between transitional storehouse 2 and connecting short section 4, utilize nozzle 9 to introduce vaporized chemical under certain temperature and pressure by the gasification vessel of carbonic solid fuels gasification, raw gas discharged by the top raw gas outlet pipe 13 of pressurized gasification container 3, bottom slag bath 10 stores slag and discharges slag by slag-drip opening 11, and wherein slag-drip opening flange is connected to the bottom of pressurized gasification container 3.Connecting short section 4 is positioned at bottom pressurized gasification container 3, top, shock chamber 5, and connecting pressurized gasification container 3 and shock chamber 5, is the important container that carry the gasification operations such as important emptying, deslagging, Quench, holder slag.Shock chamber 5 is between connecting short section 4 and slag lock 6, for Quench, cools and utilize water cycle to remove the water-filled vessel of slag heat.Slag lock 6 is the bottoms being positioned at shock chamber 5, discharges container out-of-bounds for store glass matter solid impurity particle and small part chilled water and by solid slag particle.The upper and lower of coal lock 1 is respectively equipped with cone valve 7,8, and they are the parts for controlling coal, and the upper and lower of slag lock 6 is respectively equipped with cone valve 14,15, and they are the parts for controlling slag dumping.
Use the gasifiable various carbonaceous fuel of this device, as refinery coke, metallurgical coke, hard coal, bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, brown coal, or even rubbish, and the mixed material feeding etc. of these coals or rubbish.For high ash melting point coal seed, only need to add corresponding fusing assistant.Insensitive to the change of ature of coal in operating process, different gasified raw material can be switched online.
Coal or other carbonaceous fuel are from top to bottom successively through coal lock 1, " Y " type transitional storehouse 2, pressurized gasification container 3, in pressurized gasification container 3, after heating, drying, destructive distillation, gasification and burning slag, coal ash becomes slag, be collected in slag bath 10, discharged by slag-drip opening 11, through connecting short section 4, enter by Quench and cooling in the water of shock chamber 5, glassiness solid impurity particle of short duration storage interval in slag lock 6 of formation is discharged out-of-bounds.Glassiness slag can directly be used for paving the way or doing brick, nontoxic.
Coal lock 1 is provided with upper conical valve 7 and lower cone valve 8, and when operation starts, upper conical valve 7 is opened, and lower cone valve 8 cuts out; Feed coal in coal bunker enters coal lock 1, and after adding coal, upper conical valve 7 is closed; Coal lock 1 by carbonic acid gas or nitrogen or cold coal gas pressurization to the pressure of pressurized gasification container 3; Lower cone valve 8 is opened, and feed coal enters into pressurized gasification container 3 top by transitional storehouse 2.After the coal of pressurized gasification container 3 terminates, the lower cone valve 8 of coal lock 1 cuts out, and coal locks 1 pressure release to normal pressure.Afterwards, the upper conical valve 7 of coal lock 1 is opened, and lock 1 coal again from coal bunker to coal, then upper conical valve 7 is closed, coal lock 1 pressurization, starts a new circulation.It is pointed out that the operating mode according to raw gas temperature out and vapourizing furnace, use coal lock 1 and transitional storehouse 2 continuously or off and on to pressurized gasification container 3 coal, to reach the object regulating vapourizing furnace operating mode and raw gas temperature out.
Coal or other carbonaceous fuel are in the top of pressurized gasification container 3 and the back flow of gas heat exchange of burning from pressurized gasification lower vessel portion and gasify, heat and evaporate the moisture produced coal or in other carbonaceous fuel, after drying and destructive distillation, coal or other carbonaceous fuel progressively change coke into.In the bottom of pressurized gasification container 3, utilize the nozzle 9 of pressurized gasification container 3 bottom to be caused in solid carbonaceous fuels (coke) by vaporized chemical (as steam and the mixture of oxygen or the mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen), make it burn and gasify at high temperature under high pressure.And use the flowrate control valve (not shown) on nozzle 9 upstream line of pressurized gasification container 3 bottom, control enters the vaporized chemical load of vapourizing furnace to adjust the gasification load of vapourizing furnace.The gas that burning and gasification produce upwards with after coal or other carbonaceous fuel countercurrent flow is discharged by raw gas outlet pipe 13, after wash cooling, export battery limit (BL), wherein use the pressure controlled valve (not shown) be positioned on the downstream line of raw gas outlet pipe 13 to control the working pressure of vapourizing furnace.Ash content such as slag and iron that gasification produces are collected in the slag bath 10 of gasification container, and the slag-drip opening 11 that slag bath 10 is crossed by slag and Tie Tong is discharged (being usually called " deslagging ") off and on, enters in the water of bottom shock chamber 5 by Quench and cooling.Water cycle is carried out, to remove the heat of slag by the water inlet pipe 19 of the water inlet pipe 19 on connecting short section 4, shock chamber 5 and rising pipe 20.
With reference to Fig. 2, it is the layout schematic diagram of burner 12, air endless tube 17, blow-down pipe and water inlet pipe between slag-drip opening and guard shield in connecting short section according to an embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 2, the products of combustion of heat is obtained by the burner 12 in connecting short section 4, wherein air endless tube 17 passes into air or other combustion-supporting gas in order to aid burning, and the vertical pillar circular hole through slag-drip opening 11 upwards transmits with bubbling form, to hold slag and the iron in a pond in slag bath 10.By the blow-down pipe 16 of control discharge system to atmospheric steam exhaust, reduce the pressure of connecting short section 4, between connecting short section 4 and pressurized gasification container 3, produce differential pressure, promote the discharge of slag and iron.The air input of valve switch, burner and the air endless tube 17 be positioned on the blow-down pipe of connecting short section 4 and air inlet proportioning is used to come the differential pressure of control linkage pipe nipple and vapourizing furnace, the deslagging of slag-drip opening and hold in the palm slag operation.Use the shock chamber between connecting short section and slag lock, come Quench and cooling slag by the water in shock chamber, form vitreous solid impurity particle.Use and be positioned at water inlet pipe in the water inlet pipe of connecting short section, shock chamber and rising pipe controls water cycle to remove the heat of slag, make slag temperature drop low.Use the slag lock be positioned under shock chamber to store solid impurity particle, and by the cone valve that slag is locked, vitreous solid impurity particle is discharged out-of-bounds.
The equipment related in the present invention is pressurized vessel, and national standard pressure vessel design code can be used to design.
Unless Special Circumstances have other to limit, otherwise following definition is applicable to the term that uses in this specification sheets.In addition, unless be described separately, otherwise the implication of all scientific and technical terminologies used herein usually to understand with those skilled in the art in the invention be the same.If conflict occurs, be as the criterion with this specification sheets and the definition that comprises thereof.
For the present invention, the implication of some terms used in present specification is as follows:
" burner " refers to the combustion unit on industrial furnace, and burner is commonly called as in the industry as " burner ".
" blast orifice " refers to the gasification pressure vessel bottom near fixed bed slag gasification furnace, enter the combustion zone of vapourizing furnace for spraying into single stream stock (as introduced the mixture of steam and oxygen, air, nitrogen and carbonic acid gas etc.) or process stream (as coal water slurry, dry pulverized coal and tar etc.), these parts are commonly called as in the industry as " nozzle ".
" deslagging " refers to that, in fixed bed slag gasification furnace, the slag-drip opening that slag bath is crossed by slag and Tie Tong is discharged off and on downwards, enters the process in slag bath bottom shock chamber water.
When herein when describing material, method or equipment with the word of " those skilled in the art is known " phrase or synonym or phrase time, this term represents that described material, method and mechanical means are conventional when submitting present patent application to, and is included in this specification sheets.Be covered by equally in this description, but unconventionally at present will become art-recognized material, method and equipment when being applicable to similar object.
Describing the present invention in detail with reference to specific embodiment above, obviously, when not departing from the scope of the invention defined in claims, can carry out changing and changing.More specifically, although aspects more of the present invention are confirmed as preferred or favourable in this article, the present invention need not be limited to these preferred embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace, is characterized in that, it comprises:
Coal is locked, it is positioned at transitional storehouse top, for getting coal to pressurized gasification container coal from coal bunker off and on, wherein according to the operating mode of raw gas temperature out and vapourizing furnace, use coal lock and transitional storehouse continuously or with gap to pressurized gasification container coal, adjustment raw gas temperature out and load;
Transitional storehouse, it is the passage between coal lock and vapourizing furnace, and the coal be convenient in being locked by coal relies on gravity to add pressurized gasification container;
Pressurized gasification container, it is between transitional storehouse and connecting short section, utilize nozzle introduce in the fuel of pressurized gasification lower vessel portion vaporized chemical by carbonic solid fuels burning and gasification gasification vessel, wherein said pressurized gasification container has top raw gas outlet pipe for discharging raw gas and bottom slag bath, described bottom slag bath is collected slag and is discharged slag by slag-drip opening, wherein use the pressurized gasification container between transitional storehouse and connecting short section, utilize the nozzle of its underpart to introduce vaporized chemical solid carbonaceous fuels is burnt at high temperature under high pressure and gasifies, described vaporized chemical is the mixture of steam and oxygen or the mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen, and use the flowrate control valve be positioned on the nozzle upstream pipeline of bottom, control enters the vaporized chemical load of vapourizing furnace to adjust the gasification load of vapourizing furnace, and use the pressure controlled valve be positioned on raw gas outlet pipe downstream line to control the working pressure of vapourizing furnace,
Connecting short section, it is positioned at vapourizing furnace bottom and top, shock chamber, for connecting pressurized gasification container and shock chamber, it is the container that carry gasification operation, wherein use the valve switch be positioned on the blow-down pipe of connecting short section, the air input of burner and air endless tube and air inlet proportioning carry out the differential pressure of control linkage pipe nipple and vapourizing furnace, the deslagging of slag-drip opening and holder slag operation, wherein the products of combustion of heat is obtained by the burner in pipe nipple below slag-drip opening, upwards transmit with bubbling form through slag-drip opening, to hold slag and the iron in a pond in slag bath, and wherein said connecting short section comprises the guard shield be arranged on wherein, burner, air endless tube and water inlet pipe, wherein said guard shield is arranged under described slag-drip opening and lower end and is immersed in the water, described burner and described air endless tube are all ringwise, around the slag-drip opening being arranged on described guard shield top from inside to outside, water inlet pipe is communicated with the chilling ring in connecting short section, be arranged on the middle and upper part of connecting short section,
Shock chamber, it is the water-filled vessel between connecting short section and slag lock, for Quench, cool and remove slag heat, wherein use the shock chamber between connecting short section and slag lock, Quench and cooling slag is come by the water in shock chamber, form glassiness solid impurity particle, and use water inlet pipe, water inlet pipe in shock chamber and the rising pipe being positioned at connecting short section to control water cycle to remove the heat of slag, make slag temperature drop low; And
Slag is locked, it is the container being positioned at bottom, shock chamber, for store glass matter solid impurity particle and by cone valve by solid slag particle discharge out-of-bounds, the slag lock be positioned under shock chamber is wherein used to store solid impurity particle, and by the cone valve that slag is locked, vitreous solid impurity particle is discharged out-of-bounds, the upper and lower part opening of wherein said slag lock is equipped with cone valve, for discharging solid slag particle off and on.
2. pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace has two coal locks, described coal lock is made up of cylindrical upper section and tapered lower portion, the upper and lower end opening of described coal lock is equipped with cone valve, for pressurising pressure release and control to vapourizing furnace coal.
3. pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace has multiple coal lock, described coal lock is made up of cylindrical upper section and tapered lower portion, the upper and lower end opening of described coal lock is equipped with cone valve, for pressurising pressure release and control to vapourizing furnace coal.
4. pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described transitional storehouse is in " Y " type, and the top of described transitional storehouse connects coal lock, the bottom of described transitional storehouse is connected with the top of described pressurized gasification container, for described pressurized gasification container coal.
5. pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pressurized gasification container comprises: the outlet of coal inlet, raw gas, nozzle, slag bath and slag-drip opening, wherein said coal inlet is positioned at the top of described pressurized gasification container, described raw gas outlet is positioned at the top of described pressurized gasification container, described nozzle is evenly distributed in the same horizontal plane on described slag bath top, described slag bath is positioned at the bottom of described pressurized gasification container, and described slag-drip opening flange is connected to the bottom of described pressurized gasification container.
6. pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described shock chamber is arranged on the bottom of described connecting short section, its inner filling water, and its top is provided with water inlet pipe, and bottom is provided with rising pipe.
7. a working method for pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace, is characterized in that, it comprises the following steps:
According to the operating mode of raw gas temperature out and vapourizing furnace, use coal lock and transitional storehouse continuously or with gap to pressurized gasification container coal, adjustment raw gas temperature out and load;
Use the pressurized gasification container between transitional storehouse and connecting short section, utilize the nozzle of its underpart to introduce vaporized chemical burnt at high temperature under high pressure by solid carbonaceous fuels and gasify, described vaporized chemical is the mixture of steam and oxygen or the mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen;
Use the flowrate control valve be positioned on the nozzle upstream pipeline of bottom, control enters the vaporized chemical load of vapourizing furnace to adjust the gasification load of vapourizing furnace;
Use the pressure controlled valve be positioned on raw gas outlet pipe downstream line to control the working pressure of vapourizing furnace;
The air input of valve switch, burner and the air endless tube be positioned on the blow-down pipe of connecting short section and air inlet proportioning is used to come the differential pressure of control linkage pipe nipple and vapourizing furnace, the deslagging of slag-drip opening and hold in the palm slag operation, wherein the products of combustion of heat is obtained by the burner in pipe nipple below slag-drip opening, upwards transmit with bubbling form through slag-drip opening, to hold slag and the iron in a pond in slag bath;
Use the shock chamber between connecting short section and slag lock, come Quench and cooling slag by the water in shock chamber, form glassiness solid impurity particle;
Use and be positioned at water inlet pipe in the water inlet pipe of connecting short section, shock chamber and rising pipe controls water cycle to remove the heat of slag, make slag temperature drop low;
Use the slag lock be positioned under shock chamber to store solid impurity particle, and by the cone valve that slag is locked, vitreous solid impurity particle is discharged out-of-bounds;
Wherein said connecting short section is the container that carry gasification operation, and wherein said connecting short section comprises the guard shield, burner, air endless tube and the water inlet pipe that are arranged on wherein, wherein said guard shield is arranged under described slag-drip opening and lower end and is immersed in the water, described burner and described air endless tube are all ringwise, around the slag-drip opening being arranged on described guard shield top from inside to outside, water inlet pipe is communicated with the chilling ring in connecting short section, is arranged on the middle and upper part of connecting short section.
8. the working method of pressurization static bed slag gasification furnace according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described pressurized gasification container comprises: the outlet of coal inlet, raw gas, nozzle, slag bath and slag-drip opening, wherein said coal inlet is positioned at the top of described pressurized gasification container, described raw gas outlet is positioned at the top of described pressurized gasification container, described nozzle is evenly distributed in the same horizontal plane on described slag bath top, described slag bath is positioned at the bottom of described pressurized gasification container, and described slag-drip opening flange is connected to the bottom of described pressurized gasification container.
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| CN104479744B (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-11-23 | 赛鼎工程有限公司 | A kind of slack coal slag gasifier with nozzle |
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| CN104449857B (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2017-06-06 | 赛鼎工程有限公司 | The technique and device of producing synthesis gas from coal |
| CN104634504B (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2017-01-11 | 水煤浆气化及煤化工国家工程研究中心 | Device for accurately measuring pressure difference of slag hole of gasification furnace and measurement method thereof |
| CN105038857B (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2017-05-31 | 上海泽玛克敏达机械设备有限公司 | The multifunctional nozzle and its fixed bed slag gasification furnace of fixed bed slag gasification furnace |
| CN105154143B (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2019-03-15 | 上海泽玛克敏达机械设备有限公司 | From the environment protecting gasifying oven of processing waste water |
| CN105969428A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-09-28 | 上海泽玛克敏达机械设备有限公司 | Gasification furnace and gasification furnace feeding device |
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| CN106544061B (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2022-04-12 | 上海泽玛克敏达机械设备有限公司 | High-yield oil slag gasification furnace and coal gasification method |
| CN107446628A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2017-12-08 | 江西昌昱实业有限公司 | A kind of new fixed bed slag gasification reacting furnace and its gas making method |
| CN107723033B (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2023-09-12 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | Slag discharging system of fixed bed slag gasifier |
| CN108165310A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-06-15 | 中薪油武汉化工工程技术有限公司 | Slag Quench deslagging integral type fixed-bed gasification furnace |
| CN111961501A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-11-20 | 杨建平 | Counter-flow type high-temperature high-pressure coal gasification process and device |
| CN113234484B (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2022-06-24 | 上海柯来浦能源科技有限公司 | Coal gasification production system |
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| CN103215075A (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2013-07-24 | 上海泽玛克敏达机械设备有限公司 | Burner of slack coal slag gasifier |
| CN103215078B (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2014-10-22 | 上海泽玛克敏达机械设备有限公司 | Pressurizing and decompressing process for coal lock by utilizing byproduct carbon dioxide gas and coaling system |
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