CN104403690B - A kind of technique of broken coal slag gasification producing synthesis gas from coal and device - Google Patents
A kind of technique of broken coal slag gasification producing synthesis gas from coal and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104403690B CN104403690B CN201410763445.5A CN201410763445A CN104403690B CN 104403690 B CN104403690 B CN 104403690B CN 201410763445 A CN201410763445 A CN 201410763445A CN 104403690 B CN104403690 B CN 104403690B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/30—Fuel charging devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
- C10J3/60—Processes
- C10J3/64—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products
- C10J3/66—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products by introducing them into the gasification zone
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/86—Other features combined with waste-heat boilers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
- C10J2300/1615—Stripping
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Industrial Gases (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of technique of broken coal slag gasification producing synthesis gas from coal is the raw gas that broken coal passes through after gasification to extract out volume ratio 5 60% when drawing rough coal device of air (3) in the middle part of vaporizer, through cyclone separator (20) dedusting, coal gas extraction channel device (2) is drawn remaining raw gas and removes part dirt and tar with after the raw gas of cyclone separator (20) dedusting mixes through cyclone separator (21), then through scrubber cooler (5) dedusting again, waste heat boiler (8) recovery waste heat is entered after cooling, finally cooling raw gas is isolated the raw gas after condensate liquid (18) through gas-liquid separator (11) and is sent to lower procedure, coal gas water separation device (15) recovery sent to by condensate liquid after washing；The present invention has energy-conservation, and operating cost is low, coal dust drag-out is few, the few advantage of gas liquor containing tar.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to coal clean gas field, and in particular to a kind of technique of broken coal slag gasification producing synthesis gas from coal and
Device.
Background technology
Crushed coal pressurized-gasification furnace is a kind of fixed bed coal gasifier, low due to requiring to feed coal, that is, remove heavy caking coal
Outward, remaining coal can gasify, particularly the colm of low-order coal and high ash melting point.The gasification furnace is widely applied to coal
System synthesis ammonia, methyl alcohol, dimethyl ether, artificial oil and coal gas natural gas field.As current Coal Gasification Technology is towards major diameter, height
The direction of pressure is developed, and in the unit interval, the treating capacity of coal is stepped up, and the coal filling hole as crushed coal pressure gasifying locked by coal, needs not
Carry out punching press pressure release with stopping, the growth requirement of extensive coal gasification can not be met, the coal gasification ability that in addition high pressure makes is improved,
Producing coal gas amount increases, and along with the heat endurance difference etc. of low-order coal, single gas exit necessarily takes substantial amounts of coal dust out of, leads
Cause the workshop sections such as follow-up gas washing cooling, Waste Heat Recovery to result in blockage or difficult problem is separated, while making in washing process
Excessive water washing is used, causes gas liquor yield to increase, high-grade heat drop is low.
China Patent No. is single coal lock that 200580041975.8 patent discloses employing, has list on static distribution device
The fixed bed coal gasifier of one gas exit, the gasification furnace are the crushed coal pressurized-gasification furnaces for commonly using at present, and outstanding problem is
Raw gas band dirt problem is serious, and by-product low-pressure steam is many, the problems such as dust-laden gas liquor containing tar content is many.
Chinese patent：201320037548.4 patent is disclosed using being single coal lock, without static distribution device, single coal
Gas passage, equally exists the problems referred to above.
Chinese patent：201220582157.6 patent disclose a kind of two passage cloth device for coal for coal gasifier,
By coal entrance, gas exit, inner core, the composition such as raw gas passage composition.The purpose of the patent is to reduce coal gas enrichment area, drop
Low gas speed, reduces coal dust drag-out, and with certain effect, but action effect is limited.
Content of the invention
In order to overcome deficiency of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of broken coal slag gasification of coal system to close
The technique for becoming gas.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of coal lock punching press gas consumption is low, operating cost is low, coal dust drag-out is few,
The few gasification furnace of gas liquor containing tar.
A kind of technique of broken coal slag gasification producing synthesis gas from coal that the present invention is provided comprises the steps：
Present invention process comprises the steps：
(1) the double coal lock feed arrangement by the broken coal of 5-50mm through connection enters vaporizer top, relies on Action of Gravity Field
Slow decline and process drying, destructive distillation, methanation, gasification and carbon residue burn each bed from top to bottom, gasifying agent is with 60-70m/
The speed of s sprays into gasification furnace by burner, is allowed to be uniformly distributed in burning zone bed, and moment oxygen and carbon residue burning reach coal ash
More than coal ash fusion temperature, molten ash is formed, and gasification furnace is discharged by lime-ash floss hole；Burning zone is gasifier temperature highest area
Domain, is that other reactions on top provide heat, as hot gas rises through gasification layer along vaporizer, most of synthesis gas here
Generate, synthesis gas continuously rises to methanation layer, generating portion methane gas, methane gas and synthesis gas pass through in methanation layer
When drawing rough coal device of air in the middle part of vaporizer, extraction 5-60%, the raw gas of temperature 450-700 DEG C, remove through cyclone separator
Dirt, makes raw gas of the dust content less than 1mg/L；
(2) coal sample of the raw gas of methanation layer residue 40-95% to declining when destructive distillation layer is heated, and makes coal
Sample pyrolysis output contains the hydrogen-rich volatile matter of gas, steam and tar, as gas is further up, from the volatilization of dry distillation area
Divide and synthesis gas is cooled down further on gasification furnace top, and coal is then preheated and dry, eventually through upper of furnace body
Coal gas extraction channel device is drawn raw gas of the temperature between 210-300 DEG C and is mixed with the raw gas through cyclone separator dedusting
Through cyclone separator except part dirt and tar after conjunction, then through scrubber cooler again dedusting, cool after enter used heat
Boiler recovery waste heat, makes the temperature of raw gas be down to 220-280 DEG C, goes out the rough coal pneumatic transmission of condensate liquid through gas-liquid separator separates
To lower procedure, wash condensate liquid and coal gas water separation device gas recovery water is sent to, send from the dust of cyclone separator removing
Plant area, the dust containing tar that isolates from cyclone separator carry out follow-up tar production；
(3) dust-laden washed from scrubber cooler gas liquor enter waste heat boiler bottom initial gross separation dirt and
Water, the gas liquor of most of not dust-laden are pressurizeed by coal gas washing cycling water pump and return to washing after supplementing Coal-gas Washing Water Using mixing
Cooler is recycled, and the gas liquor of remaining dust-laden is delivered coal gas and water separator, and it is cold that isolated gas liquor returns to washing
But device is recycled；
(4) boiler feedwater needed for waste heat boiler is sent after low-pressure boiler feedwater water pump is pressurized to 4.0MPa-6.0MPa
Enter waste heat boiler and produce the mesohigh steam product that temperature is more than 200 DEG C.
In order to realize the purpose of the present invention, a kind of slack coal slag gasifier of the present invention, it include to connect double coal lock charging
Device and body of heater, it is characterised in that have connection double coal lock feed arrangement on body of heater, upper of furnace body has coal gas extraction channel to fill
Put, in the middle part of body of heater, have extraction rough coal device of air in the middle part of vaporizer, lower portion of furnace body is the slag area with nozzle, has in bottom of furnace body
Lime-ash floss hole.
First, described connection double coal lock feed arrangement, it include that coal lock, coal lock valve, coal lock lower valve, coal feed point, transition
Storehouse and coal outlet, coal lock have 2, and each coal lock top is coal feed point, is that coal locks valve, coal lock bottom and connection below coal feed point
Pipe top communicates, and locks lower valve at connecting tube top equipped with coal, and connection bottom of the tube is connected with transitional storehouse, and the bottom of transitional storehouse is for producing coal
Mouthful, gas passage is locked by least one coal between 2 coal locks and be connected.
Described coal lock gas passage is made up of two ends coal lock gas passage expanding reach and middle coal lock gas passage straight section, in coal
Lock gas passage straight section arranges band built with connection coal lock access valve on coal lock gas passage expanding reach with coal lock wall connector
Foraminate baffle plate, coal lock gas passage expanding reach wall are 30-60 degree with the angle α of coal lock wall.
Between 45-65%, the aperture of aperture is 0.2-1.0 millimeter to described baffle plate percent opening.
Described coal lock gas passage is located at the position between 0.45-0.55 times of whole coal lock height.
Connection double coal lock feed arrangement as above so that coal lock gas is recycled, recycling rate reach 60% with
On.
2nd, it includes gasify furnace outer wall, gasification stove internal wall to draw rough coal device of air in the middle part of described vaporizer, and gasification furnace is resistance to
Fiery lining, gasification furnace refractory brick and gas passage, are gasification furnace refractory liner between gasification stove internal wall and gasification furnace refractory brick,
The gas passage of at least 2 is had on gasification furnace outer wall gentleization stove inwall, and gas passage is in gasification furnace outer wall same level
On be uniformly distributed, the opening upwards of gas passage, gas passage are made up of gas passage outer wall and gas passage inwall, coal gas lead to
Pipeline outer wall is connected with gasification furnace outer wall, and becomes the angle β of 30-45 degree, and gas passage inwall is connected with gasification stove internal wall, in coal
The upper middle part junction of gas vias inner walls and gasification stove internal wall is provided with the baffle plate of aperture, and baffle plate is parallel with gasification stove internal wall.
Described gas passage is to measure from vaporizer bottom in the position of gasification stove internal wall, is vaporizer height
0.41-0.62 times.
Between 30-40%, small aperture is 4-8 millimeter to the percent opening of the baffle plate.
The baffle plate is justified for 1/10-1/3.
The gas passage has 2-6.
The gas temperature that gas passage in the middle part of the symmetrical vaporizer in middle part as above is extracted out is high, and in by-product, pressure is steamed
Vapour, lifts steam quality.
3rd, the described slag area with nozzle, it include gasify furnace outer wall, gasification stove internal wall, gasification furnace refractory liner,
Gasification furnace refractory brick and gasifier nozzle, are gasification furnace refractory liner between gasification stove internal wall and gasification furnace refractory brick, and burner is extremely
Contain 2 less, be uniformly distributed in same level, it is 70-90 degree that nozzle centerline forms angle γ with gasification furnace center line, spray
Mouth outlet is downwards.
Burner as above is 2-6.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1) nozzle is added to solve the remaining powder coal gasification of broken coal gasification.
2) coal gas of the gasification layer gasification generation without tar is drawn in the middle part of vaporizer, and main component is methane, hydrogen, an oxygen
Change carbon and carbon dioxide, in the flow velocity for reducing top gas exit simultaneously, moreover it is possible to using 450-650 DEG C in waste heat boiler
The middle pressure steam of coal gas of high temperature production higher quality.
3) double coal lock connection, coal lock gas are recycled, and are reduced coal lock punching press and are used fresh coal gas amount, are also lifting gasification energy
Power provides a kind of possible.
4) enforcement of the invention can substantially reduce top of gasification furnace dust-laden and pitch coal tolerance, reduce dust-laden and tar coal gas
The treating capacity of water.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process schematic representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is 1 front view of present invention connection double coal lock feed arrangement.
Fig. 3 is that the connection double coal lock device 1 of Fig. 2 faces operation diagram.
Fig. 4 is the A of Fig. 2 coal lock gas passway baffle plate to figure.
Fig. 5 is to draw 3 front view of rough coal device of air in the middle part of vaporizer.
Fig. 6 is the A of Fig. 5 gas passage mouth baffle plate to structural representation.
Fig. 7 is slag area (4) structural representation with nozzle.
As illustrated, 1- connection double coal lock feed arrangement, 2- coal gas extraction channel device, draw rough coal in the middle part of 3- vaporizer
Device of air, slag area of the 4- with nozzle, 5- scrubber cooler, 7- wash water-circulating pump, 8- waste heat boiler, 9- boiler feedwater water
Pump, 11- rough coal gas separating device, 12- gasification agent inlet, 13- lime-ash floss hole, 14- supplement Coal-gas Washing Water Using, 15- coal gas moisture
From device, 16- mesohigh steam, 17- waste heat boiler feed water, and 18- is through the raw gas of separator, 19- dust-laden coal gas containing tar
Water, the dust that 20- cyclone separator I, 21- cyclone separator II, 22- cyclone separator I is deviate from, 23- tar containing dust.
101- double coal lock, coal lock in left side in 101a- double coal lock, coal lock in right side in 101b- double coal lock, 102- coal lock valve,
In 102a- double coal lock, valve locked by left side coal, and in 102b- double coal lock, valve locked by right side coal, and 103- coal locks lower valve, 103a- double coal lock
Lower valve locked by middle left side coal, and coal lock lower valve in right side in 103b- double coal lock, 104- transitional storehouse, 105- coal lock gas passage, and 106- connects coal
Lock access valve, 107- connect pipeline section, connect pipeline section on the left of 107a-, connect pipeline section, 108- coal stopper plate, 109- on the right side of 107b-
Coal stopper plate aperture, 110- coal lock gas passage expanding reach, and 111- coal locks gas passage straight section, 112- coal lock gas passage expanding reach and coal
The angle α of lock outer wall, 113- coal outlet, 114- coal feed point
Symmetrical gas passage in the middle part of 301- vaporizer, 302- baffle plate, 303- aperture, the open portion of 304- baffle plate bottom
Point, 305- gasification furnace outer wall, 306- gasification stove internal wall, the folder that the gas passage in the middle part of 307- vaporizer is formed with gasification furnace outer wall
Angle beta, the gas passage inwall in the middle part of the vaporizer in the middle part of 308- vaporizer, the gas passage outer wall in the middle part of 309- vaporizer,
310- gasification furnace refractory liner, 311- gasification furnace refractory brick.
401- burner, 402- gasification furnace outer wall, 403- gasification stove internal wall, 404- gasification furnace refractory liner, 405- gas
Change stove refractory brick, 406- nozzle centerline, 407- gasification furnace center line.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below by specific embodiment, it should be understood that, these embodiments are only
For in more detail, specifically describe and be used, and be not to be construed as limiting the present invention in any form.
This part to used in the present invention to material and test method carry out general description.Although for realizing
Many materials used in the present invention and method of operating be it is known in the art that but the present invention still here make as detailed as possible
Description.It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that within a context, if not specified, material therefor of the present invention and method of operating are
Well known in the art.
More detailed description is done to the specific embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1
A kind of slack coal slag gasifier of the present invention, it include to connect double coal lock feed arrangement 1 and body of heater, it is characterised in that
There is connection double coal lock feed arrangement 1 on body of heater, upper of furnace body has coal gas extraction channel device 2, has vaporizer in the middle part of body of heater
Rough coal device of air 3 is drawn at middle part, and lower portion of furnace body is the slag area 4 with nozzle, has lime-ash floss hole 13 in bottom of furnace body.
1) connection double coal lock feed arrangement 1 includes that coal lock 101, coal locks valve 102, coal lock lower valve 103,114 and of coal feed point
Coal outlet 113, it is characterised in that coal lock 101 has 2, and it is coal feed point 114 that 101 tops locked by each coal, 114 lower section of coal feed point is coal
Lock 101 bottoms of valve 102, coal lock to communicate with 107 top of pipeline section is connected, lower valve 103 is locked at connection 107 top of pipeline section equipped with coal,
Connection 107 bottom of pipeline section is connected with transitional storehouse 104, and the bottom of transitional storehouse 104 is to pass through 1 between 113,2 coal locks 101 of coal outlet
Individual coal lock gas passage 105 is connected.Coal lock gas passage 105 is to lock gas passage by two ends coal lock gas passage expanding reach 110 and middle coal
Straight section 111 constitutes, and in coal lock gas passage straight section 111 built with connection coal lock access valve 106, locks gas passage expanding reach positioned at coal
Coal lock and on 101 walls, be provided with the coal stopper plate 108 of coal stopper plate aperture 109, the wall of coal lock gas passage expanding reach 110 and coal
Locking 101 walls becomes 48 ° of angle α 112.Between 49%, the aperture of coal stopper plate aperture 109 is 108 percent opening of coal stopper plate
0.2 millimeter.Coal lock gas passage 105 is located at the position of 0.48 times of coal lock height.
Double coal lock feed arrangement 1 described above realizes alternation by following steps：When coal lock 101a is in normal pressure
During state, corresponding coal lock lower valve 103a is closed, and the coal in coal bunker is added after normal pressure coal lock 101a, is closed and corresponds to
Coal lock valve 102a, while another coal lock 101b is sent into coal vaporizer, works as coal through transitional storehouse 104 under gravity
After sample all sends into vaporizer, coal lock 101b is filled with high pressure gas, now closes coal lock lower valve 103b of the coal lock, opens
High pressure coal full of coal gas is locked 101b and has been loaded between the normal pressure coal lock 101a of coal sample and connects coal lock access valve 106, treats two
Individual coal lock 101a and 101b pressure is equal, closes two coal lock 101a and 101b connection coal lock access valves 106 of connection, then takes out
The coal gas gone out in the coal lock 101b now not coaling, makes coal lock 101b coaling to after normal pressure, and two coal lock 101a and 101b are handed over
Temporary substitute is made, and carries out the filling of coal sample, and coal lock gas more than 60% is recycled.
2) in the middle part of the vaporizer described in draw raw gas device 3 it include gasify furnace outer wall 305, gasification stove internal wall 306,
Gasification furnace refractory liner 310, gasification furnace refractory brick 311 and gas passage 301, gasification stove internal wall 306 and gasification furnace refractory brick 311
Between be gasification furnace refractory liner 310, gasification furnace outer wall 305 and gasification stove internal wall 306 on have in the middle part of 1 pair of symmetrical vaporizer
Gas passage 301, the gas passage 301 in the middle part of vaporizer is by the gas passage outer wall 309 in the middle part of vaporizer and gas passage
Inwall 308 constitutes, and the gas passage outer wall 309 in the middle part of vaporizer is connected with gasification furnace outer wall 305 in the middle part of vaporizer, and becomes 42 degree
Angle β, the gas passage inwall 308 in the middle part of vaporizer is connected with the gasification stove internal wall 306 in the middle part of vaporizer, in vaporizer
The gas passage inwall 308 in portion sets the baffle plate 302 for having aperture 303, aperture with the upper middle part junction of gasification stove internal wall 306
303 percent openings are 30%, and 303 aperture of aperture is 8 millimeters.Baffle plate 302 is 1/3 circle.Gasification furnace in the middle part of baffle plate 302 and vaporizer
Inwall 306 is parallel.The position of gasification stove internal wall 306 of the gas passage 301 in the middle part of vaporizer in the middle part of vaporizer be from gasification
Metering is played in room bottom, 0.41 times of vaporizer height.
3) slag area 4 with nozzle described in, it include that gasification furnace outer wall 402, gasification stove internal wall 403, gasification furnace are resistance to
Fiery lining 404, gasification furnace refractory brick 405 and gasifier nozzle 401, between gasification stove internal wall 403 and gasification furnace refractory brick 405 be
Gasification furnace refractory liner 404, burner 401 have 2, are uniformly distributed in same level, nozzle centerline 406 and gasification furnace center
It is 73 degree that line 407 forms angle γ, and nozzle (401) outlet is downwards.
Using aqueous 35% low order coal gasification, vapor pressure is 4.0MPa, 1050 DEG C of gasification temperature, and coal sample is through broken
It is 5-50mm coal sample to obtain particle diameter after broken, screening, loads coal bunker and gets raw material ready for gasification, then carries out reality by following steps
Apply：
(1) the double coal lock feed arrangement 1 by the broken coal of 5-50mm through connection enters vaporizer top, relies on Action of Gravity Field
Slow decline and process drying, destructive distillation, methanation, gasification and carbon residue burn each bed from top to bottom, gasifying agent is with 60-63m/
The speed of s enters gasification furnace by burner spray 401, is allowed to be uniformly distributed in burning zone bed, and moment oxygen and carbon residue burning make coal ash
More than coal ash fusion temperature is reached, molten ash is formed, and gasification furnace is discharged by lime-ash floss hole 13；Burning zone be gasifier temperature most
High region, is that other reactions on top provide heat, as hot gas rises through gasification layer along vaporizer, most of synthesis
Gas here is generated, and synthesis gas continuously rises to methanation layer, generating portion methane gas, and methane gas and synthesis gas are in methanation
Extraction 58% layer is by drawing rough coal device of air 3 in the middle part of vaporizer when, the raw gas that 670 DEG C of temperature, removes through cyclone separator 20
Dirt, makes raw gas of the dust content less than 1mg/L.
Coal sample of the raw gas of methanation layer residue 42% to declining when destructive distillation layer is heated, and is pyrolyzed coal sample and is produced
Go out the hydrogen-rich volatile matter containing gas, steam and tar, as gas is further up, from volatile matter and the synthesis of dry distillation area
Gas is cooled down further on gasification furnace top, and coal is then preheated and dry.Draw eventually through the coal gas of upper of furnace body
Lane device draw raw gas of the temperature between 215 DEG C with through whirlwind after the raw gas of 20 dedusting of cyclone separator mixes
Separator 21 except part dirt and tar, then through scrubber cooler 5 again dedusting, cool after enter waste heat boiler 8 times
Waste heat being received, making the temperature of raw gas that 255 DEG C are down to, the raw gas 18 for condensate liquid being isolated through gas-liquid separator 11 is sent to downstream work
Sequence, washing condensate liquid send to 15 gas recovery water of coal gas water separation device.
The dust 22 removed from cyclone separator 20 sends plant area.
The tar containing dust 23 that isolates from cyclone separator 21 carries out follow-up tar production.
The gas liquor of the dust-laden washed from scrubber cooler 5 enter the bottom initial gross separation dirt of waste heat boiler (8) and
Water, most of not gas liquor of dust-laden are pressurizeed and supplemented after Coal-gas Washing Water Using 14 mixes by coal gas washing cycling water pumps 7 and returns to
Scrubber cooler 8 is recycled, and the gas liquor of remaining dust-laden is delivered coal gas and water separator 15；Isolated gas liquor is returned to
Scrubber cooler 5 is recycled；
Boiler feedwater 17 needed for waste heat boiler 8 is to feed water after water pump 9 is pressurized to 5.8MPa to send into used heat through low-pressure boiler
Boiler 8 produces the middle pressure steam product 16 that temperature is 245 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
Using aqueous 6% smokeless coal gasification, vapor pressure is 5.0MPa, 1250 DEG C of gasification temperature, coal sample through broken,
It is 5-50mm coal sample to obtain particle diameter after screening, loads coal bunker and gets raw material ready for gasification, is then implemented by following steps：
(1) the double coal lock feed arrangement 1 by the broken coal of 5-50mm through connection enters vaporizer top, relies on Action of Gravity Field
Slow decline and process drying, destructive distillation, methanation, gasification and carbon residue burn each bed from top to bottom, gasifying agent is with 62-64m/
The speed of s enters gasification furnace by burner spray 401, is allowed to be uniformly distributed in burning zone bed, and moment oxygen and carbon residue burning make coal ash
More than coal ash fusion temperature is reached, molten ash is formed, and gasification furnace is discharged by lime-ash floss hole 13；Burning zone be gasifier temperature most
High region, is that other reactions on top provide heat, as hot gas rises through gasification layer along vaporizer, most of synthesis
Gas here is generated, and synthesis gas continuously rises to methanation layer, generating portion methane gas, and methane gas and synthesis gas are in methanation
Extraction 36% layer is by drawing rough coal device of air 3 in the middle part of vaporizer when, the raw gas that 580 DEG C of temperature, removes through cyclone separator 20
Dirt, makes raw gas of the dust content less than 1mg/L.
Coal sample of the raw gas of methanation layer residue 64% to declining when destructive distillation layer is heated, and is pyrolyzed coal sample and is produced
Go out the hydrogen-rich volatile matter containing gas, steam and tar, as gas is further up, from volatile matter and the synthesis of dry distillation area
Gas is cooled down further on gasification furnace top, and coal is then preheated and dry.Draw eventually through the coal gas of upper of furnace body
Lane device 2 draw raw gas of the temperature between 235 DEG C with through revolving after the raw gas of 20 dedusting of cyclone separator mixes
Wind separator 21 except part dirt and tar, then through scrubber cooler 5 again dedusting, cool after enter waste heat boiler 8
Recovery waste heat, makes the temperature of raw gas be down to 245 DEG C, and the raw gas 18 for isolating condensate liquid through gas-liquid separator 11 is sent to downstream
Operation, washing condensate liquid send to 15 gas recovery water of coal gas water separation device.
The dust 22 removed from cyclone separator 20 sends plant area.
The tar containing dust 23 that isolates from cyclone separator 21 carries out follow-up tar production.
The gas liquor of the dust-laden washed from scrubber cooler 5 enters the bottom initial gross separation dirt of waste heat boiler 8 and water,
Most of not gas liquor of dust-laden is pressurizeed and supplemented after Coal-gas Washing Water Using 14 mixes by coal gas washing cycling water pump 7 and returns to washing
Cooler 5 is recycled, and the gas liquor of remaining dust-laden is delivered coal gas and water separator 15；Isolated gas liquor returns to washing
Cooler 5 is recycled；
Boiler feedwater 17 needed for waste heat boiler 8 is to feed water after water pump 9 is pressurized to 5.2MPa to send into used heat through low-pressure boiler
Boiler 8 produces the middle pressure steam product 16 that temperature is 215 DEG C.
Nucleus equipment crushed coal pressurized-gasification furnace implementation process is：
The double coal lock device of connection has 1 pair of symmetrical coal lock gas passage 105, is metered into gas positioned at lower valve 103 is locked from coal
Change the position between the 0.52 of room height, coal lock gas passage is opened on baffle plate by the coal stopper plate 108 arranged on coal lock gas passway
Coal stopper plate aperture 109, expanding reach 110, straight section 111 and valve 106 constitute, the angle α that expanding reach 110 is become with coal lock outer wall
112 is 45 °, and between 52%, the aperture of the coal stopper plate aperture 109 on coal stopper plate is 0.5 millimeter for the percent opening of baffle plate.
3 gas passages 301 are provided with the middle part of by gasification furnace, extract 36% raw gas out, gas passage 301 is in gasification
The position of stove inwall 306 is measured from vaporizer bottom, is 0.41 times of vaporizer height.Angle β 307 is 35 degree, baffle plate
Percent opening be 6.4 millimeters in 34% aperture (303) aperture, baffle plate 302 is 1/6 circle, and remaining 64% raw gas is by destructive distillation
Draw with the coal gas extraction channel device 2 after drying layer through upper of furnace body.
Burner 401 has 3, and it is 79 degree that nozzle centerline 406 forms angle γ with gasification furnace center line 407.Remaining is with real
Apply example 1.
Embodiment 3
Para bituminous coal using aqueous 20% gasifies, and vapor pressure is 5.4MPa, 1150 DEG C of gasification temperature, and coal sample is through broken
It is 5-50mm coal sample to obtain particle diameter after broken, screening, loads coal bunker and gets raw material ready for gasification, then carries out reality by following steps
Apply：
(1) the double coal lock feed arrangement 1 by the broken coal of 5-50mm through connection enters vaporizer top, relies on Action of Gravity Field
Slow decline and process drying, destructive distillation, methanation, gasification and carbon residue burn each bed from top to bottom, gasifying agent is with 67-68m/
The speed of s enters gasification furnace by burner spray 401, is allowed to be uniformly distributed in burning zone bed, and moment oxygen and carbon residue burning make coal ash
More than coal ash fusion temperature is reached, molten ash is formed, and gasification furnace is discharged by lime-ash floss hole 13；Burning zone be gasifier temperature most
High region, is that other reactions on top provide heat, as hot gas rises through gasification layer along vaporizer, most of synthesis
Gas here is generated, and synthesis gas continuously rises to methanation layer, generating portion methane gas, and methane gas and synthesis gas are in methanation
Extraction 5% layer is by drawing rough coal device of air 3 in the middle part of vaporizer when, the raw gas that 470 DEG C of temperature, through 5 dedusting of cyclone separator,
Make raw gas of the dust content less than 1mg/L.
Coal sample of the raw gas of methanation layer residue 95% to declining when destructive distillation layer is heated, and is pyrolyzed coal sample and is produced
Go out the hydrogen-rich volatile matter containing gas, steam and tar, as gas is further up, from volatile matter and the synthesis of dry distillation area
Gas is cooled down further on gasification furnace top, and coal is then preheated and dry.Draw eventually through the coal gas of upper of furnace body
Lane device 2 draw raw gas of the temperature between 275 DEG C with through revolving after the raw gas of 20 dedusting of cyclone separator mixes
Wind separator (21) except part dirt and tar, then through scrubber cooler 5 again dedusting, cool after enter waste heat boiler
(8) recovery waste heat, makes the temperature of raw gas be down to 225 DEG C, and the raw gas 18 for isolating condensate liquid through gas-liquid separator 11 is sent to
Lower procedure, washing condensate liquid send to 15 gas recovery water of coal gas water separation device.
The dust 22 removed from cyclone separator 20 sends plant area.
The tar containing dust 23 that isolates from cyclone separator 21 carries out follow-up tar production.
The bottom that the gas liquor of the dust-laden washed from scrubber cooler 5 enters waste heat boiler 8 with coal gas is preliminary
Dirt and water is separated, most of not gas liquor of dust-laden is pressurizeed by coal gas washing cycling water pump 7 and supplements Coal-gas Washing Water Using 14 and mixes
After return to scrubber cooler 5 and recycle, the gas liquor of remaining dust-laden is delivered coal gas and water separator 15；Isolated coal gas
Water returns to scrubber cooler 5 and recycles；
Boiler feedwater 17 needed for waste heat boiler 8 is to feed water after water pump 9 is pressurized to 4.2MPa to send into used heat through low-pressure boiler
Boiler 8 produces the middle pressure steam product 16 that temperature is 205 DEG C.
The double coal lock device of connection has 1 coal lock gas passage 105, is metered into vaporizer high positioned at lower valve 103 is locked from coal
Position between the 0.46 of degree, coal lock gas passage are opened on coal stopper plate by the coal stopper plate 108 arranged on coal lock gas passway
Coal stopper plate aperture 109, expanding reach 110, straight section 111 and valve 106 constitute, the angle α that expanding reach 110 is become with coal lock outer wall
112 is 33 °, and between 63%, the aperture of coal stopper plate aperture 109 is 0.8 millimeter for the percent opening of coal stopper plate.
4 gas passages 301 are provided with the middle part of by vaporizer, extract 5% raw gas, gas passage in the middle part of vaporizer out
301 is to measure from vaporizer bottom in the position of gasification stove internal wall 306,0.45 times of vaporizer height.Angle β 307 is 32
Degree, 32%, 303 aperture of aperture is 4.4 millimeters to the percent opening of baffle plate, and baffle plate 302 leads to for 1/9 circle, remaining 95% raw gas
Coal gas extraction channel device 2 after crossing destructive distillation and drying layer through upper of furnace body is drawn.
Burner 401 has 4, and it is 87 degree of remaining same enforcements that nozzle centerline 406 forms angle γ with gasification furnace center line 407
Example 1.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of broken coal slag gasifies the technique of producing synthesis gas from coal, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
(1) broken coal of 5-50mm is entered vaporizer top through connection double coal lock feed arrangement, gasifying agent is with 60-70m/s's
Speed sprays into gasification furnace by nozzle, forms molten ash and discharges gasification furnace by lime-ash floss hole；Methane gas and synthesis gas are in first
5-60% is extracted out alkanisation layer is by drawing rough coal device of air in the middle part of vaporizer when, the raw gas of temperature 450-700 DEG C, through whirlwind
Separator dedusting, makes raw gas of the dust content less than 1mg/L；
(2) raw gas of methanation layer residue 40-95% draws temperature eventually through the coal gas extraction channel device of upper of furnace body
Part dirt is removed with after the raw gas of cyclone separator dedusting mixes through cyclone separator in the raw gas between 210-300 DEG C
And tar, then through scrubber cooler again dedusting, cool after enter waste heat boiler recovery waste heat, make the temperature of raw gas
Degree is down to 220-280 DEG C, and the raw gas for going out condensate liquid through gas-liquid separator separates is sent to lower procedure, and washing condensate liquid is sent to
Coal gas water separation device gas recovery water, sends plant area from the dust of cyclone separator removing, isolates from cyclone separator
Dust containing tar carries out follow-up tar production；
(3) gas liquor of the dust-laden washed from scrubber cooler enters bottom initial gross separation dirt and the water of waste heat boiler, greatly
Partly the gas liquor of dust-laden is not pressurizeed by coal gas washing cycling water pump and returns to wash cooling after supplementing Coal-gas Washing Water Using mixing
Device is recycled, and the gas liquor of remaining dust-laden is delivered coal gas and water separator, and isolated gas liquor returns to scrubber cooler
Recycle；
(4) boiler feedwater needed for waste heat boiler is to send into after low-pressure boiler feedwater water pump is pressurized to 4.0MPa-6.0MPa to give up
Heat boiler produces the mesohigh steam product that temperature is more than 200 DEG C；
Above-mentioned technique using gasification furnace be slack coal slag gasifier, it includes to connect double coal lock feed arrangement (1) and body of heater,
There is connection double coal lock feed arrangement (1) on body of heater, upper of furnace body has coal gas extraction channel device (2), has gasification in the middle part of body of heater
Rough coal device of air (3) is drawn in the middle part of room, lower portion of furnace body is the slag area (4) with nozzle, has lime-ash floss hole in bottom of furnace body
(13)；
Described connection double coal lock feed arrangement (1) it include that coal lock (101), coal are locked valve (102), coal lock lower valve (103), entered
Coal mouth (114), transitional storehouse (104) and coal outlet (113), coal lock (101) have 2, and each coal lock (101) top is coal feed point
(114) it is, that valve (102) locked by coal below coal feed point (114), coal lock (101) bottom is communicated with connecting tube (107) top, even
Equipped with coal lock lower valve (103), connecting tube (107) bottom is connected with transitional storehouse (104), transitional storehouse (104) at adapter (107) top
Bottom is coal outlet (113), locks gas passage (105) by least one coal and be connected between 2 coals lock (101)；
It includes gasify furnace outer wall (305), gasification stove internal wall (306), gas rough coal device of air (3) to be drawn in the middle part of described vaporizer
Change stove refractory liner (310), gasification furnace refractory brick (311) and gas passage (301), gasification stove internal wall (306) is resistance to gasification furnace
Gasification furnace refractory liner (310) between firebrick (311), gasification furnace outer wall (305) and gasification stove internal wall (306) on have to
Few 2 gas passage (301), gas passage (301) are uniformly distributed in gasification furnace outer wall (305) same level, coal gas
The opening upwards of passage (301), gas passage (301) are made up of gas passage outer wall (309) and gas passage inwall (308),
Gas passage outer wall (309) is connected with gasification furnace outer wall (305), and becomes the angle β (307) of 30-45 degree, gas passage inwall
(308) it is connected with gasification stove internal wall (306), in gas passage inwall (308) and the upper middle part junction of gasification stove internal wall (306)
The baffle plate (302) of aperture (303) is provided with, baffle plate (302) is parallel with gasification stove internal wall (306)；
Described gas passage (301) is to measure from vaporizer bottom in the position of gasification stove internal wall (306), is that vaporizer is high
0.41-0.62 times of degree；
Baffle plate (302) justify for 1/10-1/3, and between 30-40%, aperture (303) aperture is the percent opening of baffle plate (302)
4-8 millimeter.
2. the slack coal slag gasifier that a kind of technique of broken coal slag gasification producing synthesis gas from coal is used as claimed in claim 1, its
Coal lock gas passage (105) for being characterised by described is straight by two ends coal lock gas passage expanding reach (110) and middle coal lock gas passage
Section (111) composition, in coal lock gas passage straight section (111) built with connection coal lock access valve (106), expands positioned at coal lock gas passage
Big section (110) locks the baffle plate (108) for being provided with aperture (109) on (101) wall connector with coal, and gas passage expanding reach locked by coal
(110) wall is 30-60 ° with the angle α (112) of coal lock (101) wall；
Between 45-65%, the aperture of aperture (109) is 0.2-1.0 millimeter to described baffle plate (108) percent opening.
3. the slack coal slag gasifier that a kind of technique of broken coal slag gasification producing synthesis gas from coal is used as claimed in claim 1, its
Coal lock gas passage (105) for being characterised by described is located at the position between 0.45-0.55 times of whole coal lock height.
4. the slack coal slag gasifier that a kind of technique of broken coal slag gasification producing synthesis gas from coal is used as claimed in claim 1, its
It is characterised by that the gas passage (301) has 2-6.
5. the slack coal slag gasifier that a kind of technique of broken coal slag gasification producing synthesis gas from coal is used as claimed in claim 1, its
The described slag area (4) with nozzle is characterised by, it includes gasify furnace outer wall (402), gasification stove internal wall (403), gasification
Stove refractory liner (404), gasification furnace refractory brick (405) and nozzle (401), gasification stove internal wall (403) and gasification furnace refractory brick
(405) it is gasification furnace refractory liner (404) between, nozzle (401) at least contains 2, is uniformly distributed in same level, nozzle
It is 70-90 degree that center line (406) forms angle γ with gasification furnace center line (407), and nozzle (401) outlet is downwards.
6. slack coal slag gasifier as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that described nozzle (401) is 2-6.
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| CN102041098B (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2013-01-23 | 云南煤化工集团有限公司 | Fixed bed slag gasification furnace |
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