CN105733687B - Multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion device and method - Google Patents
Multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105733687B CN105733687B CN201610203744.2A CN201610203744A CN105733687B CN 105733687 B CN105733687 B CN 105733687B CN 201610203744 A CN201610203744 A CN 201610203744A CN 105733687 B CN105733687 B CN 105733687B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
- C10J3/60—Processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
- F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
- F23C10/08—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
- F23C10/10—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1625—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with solids treatment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2201/00—Staged combustion
- F23C2201/10—Furnace staging
- F23C2201/102—Furnace staging in horizontal direction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2206/00—Fluidised bed combustion
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion device and methods.The device and method produce pyrolysis gas, tar, synthesis gas and heat using solid fuels such as coal, biomass, solid waste.The device is mainly made of multicompartment fluidized bed, cyclone separator and material returning device, wherein multicompartment fluidized bed is mainly made of pyrolytic layer, gasification layer and burning zone.Solid fuel is first pyrolyzed in pyrolytic layer, volatile matter is extracted in the form of tar and pyrolysis gas, it is pyrolyzed remaining semicoke and enters gasification layer, part gasification reaction occurs with oxygen and water vapour, it generates synthesis gas and exports, semicoke enters back into burning zone and air burning and discharges heat after partial gasification, and the heat ash after burning sends pyrolytic layer back to by returning charge valve after cyclone separator separates, heat needed for providing solid fuel pyrolysis.The present invention carries out thermal decomposition gasification combustion staged conversion to solid fuel using integrated apparatus, and it is smaller that device runs difficulty.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustions to produce oil, air and heat field, in particular to a kind of multilayer stream
Change bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion device and method.
Background technique
The coal and biomass resource rich reserves, coal and biomass in China occupy an important position in China's energy-consuming,
And leading position will be still kept in longer period of time.And waste plastic, waste tire and the waste textile fabric in China etc. is solid
The annual yield of body waste is also very huge, and is badly in need of being utilized effectively.If solid from coal, biomass, solid waste etc.
Tar is extracted by pyrolysis in fluid fuel, while being produced using the method for gasification and burning production pyrolysis gas, synthesis gas and heat etc.
Product can not only efficiently use various solid fuels, can also improve value of the product.Tar can produce fuel by hydrogenation modification
Oil, or extract a variety of high value compounds, pyrolysis gas and the synthesis gas such as phenols and can be used for chemical industry synthesis or combustion gas, heat can be used for
Steam is produced with heat supply or power generation.
National inventing patent CN201110090600.8 discloses a kind of solid fuel double fluidized bed thermal pyrolysis grade turn
Change device and method, which is mainly made of a bubbling fluidized bed pyrolysis oven and a circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace.Solid
Fuel is pyrolyzed in fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace, and volatile matter is precipitated, volatile matter is purified, it is cooling after isolate tar and pyrolysis
Gas is pyrolyzed in remaining semicoke feeding fluidized-bed gasification furnace and is gasified totally under oxygen and water vapour atmosphere, produces synthesis gas.It should
Device and method, using the conversion process being gasified totally, can only produce tar, pyrolysis gas and synthesis to pyrolysis char simultaneously
Gas, and the conversion difficulty that semicoke is gasified totally is larger, the consumption of expensive oxidant is also larger, synthesis gas it is effective at
Divide relatively low.
National inventing patent CN201210181304.3 discloses a kind of low order fine coal staged conversion and Cogeneration Project
In conjunction with method.Low-order coal is divided into two by pyrolysis extracting liq fuel and Organic Chemicals, remaining semicoke by this method
Part, a part are sent to coal-fired electric generation furnace combustion power generation, and another part, which is sent to char Gasification furnace, to gasify.In this method
In, semicoke is to carry out completely burned respectively and be gasified totally, rather than first partial gasification burns again, therefore does not divide semicoke
Grade utilizes, and the conversion difficulty that semicoke is gasified totally is also larger.In addition, also un-fluidized-bed, solid fuel adapt to the type of furnace used
Property is poor.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolysis gasification
Burn staged conversion device and method, to produce tar, pyrolysis gas, synthesis gas and heat.
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolysis gasification staged conversion device,
Including solid fuel feedstock machine, multicompartment fluidized bed, cyclone separator, standpipe, material returning device；The multicompartment fluidized bed ecto-entad
It is divided into coaxial pyrolytic layer, gasification layer, burning zone, wherein connection pyrolytic layer, gasification layer are equipped between pyrolytic layer and gasification layer
The first dipleg layer；The first dipleg layer is equipped with semicoke overflow port, the first dipleg layer bottom in the middle part of the outer wall of pyrolytic layer
The semicoke exit in portion is equipped with gasification layer returning charge valve；Be equipped between gasification layer and burning zone connection gasification layer, burning zone the
Two dipleg layers；The burning zone upper outlet is connected with cyclone inlet, and cyclone separator top goes out equipped with flue gas
Mouthful, cyclone separator lower part outlet is connected with standpipe, and standpipe is connected with returning charge valve feed space, returning charge valve discharge chamber and solid
Fuel feedstock machine is all connected with the outer wall of pyrolytic layer.
Further, pyrolytic layer bottom is equipped with pyrolytic layer air compartment, and circulation pyrolysis gas import is connected on pyrolytic layer air compartment, and
Pyrolytic layer blast cap is installed at the top of pyrolytic layer air compartment and opens up pyrolytic layer ash-removing mouth.Pyrolytic layer gas is provided at the top of pyrolytic layer
Solid separator, the pyrolytic layer gas-solid separating device top are volatilization sub-export, and lower part outlet is connected with the first dipleg layer.
Further, gasification layer bottom includes gasification layer air compartment, gasification layer returning charge valve gas chamber, upper cloth at the top of gasification layer air compartment
It is equipped with gasification layer blast cap and gasification layer ash-removing mouth, gasification layer air compartment bottom sets gasifying agent import；The gasification layer returning charge valve gas
Room bottom is provided with that gasification layer is counter to expect wind inlet, and gasification layer returning charge valve gas chamber top is provided with to be connected with the outlet of the semicoke of the first dipleg layer
Gasification layer returning charge valve inflating port, be provided with gasification layer gas-solid separating device, the gasification layer gas solid separation at the top of gasification layer
Device top is syngas outlet, and lower part outlet is connected with the second dipleg layer.
In multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion device in the present invention, multicompartment fluidized bed
Shell section be round, rectangular or other polygons, wherein it is preferably circular, then each layer cross section of multicompartment fluidized bed in a ring,
Generally hollow cylinder structure.
Preferably, the solid fuel feedstock machine of the present apparatus sets at least to two, and with multicompartment fluidized bed central axis is
The heart is arranged in the outer wall of pyrolytic layer in ring type.
Preferably, the semicoke overflow port of multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion device is at least set
Two are set to, and is in be arranged in the first dipleg layer in the middle part of the outer wall of pyrolytic layer centered on multicompartment fluidized bed central axis.
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides the solution of solid fuel pyrolysis gasification staged conversion method are as follows:
Solid fuel adds to the pyrolytic layer of multicompartment fluidized bed by solid fuel feedstock machine, the heat ash being transmitted back to material returning device
Mixing, solid fuel are heated up after hot ash heating, and volatile matter is precipitated in concurrent heat solution, and volatile matter entrained particles enter pyrolytic layer
Gas-solid separating device, particle enter the first dipleg layer after being separated, and volatile matter sent out by volatilization sub-export, into subsequent purification,
Cooling device obtains tar and pyrolysis gas, wherein pyrolysis gas is recycled back to circulation pyrolysis gas import, the fluidized gas as pyrolytic layer；
Then the semicoke generated after solid fuel pyrolysis is sent by semicoke overflow port into the first dipleg layer by gasification layer returning charge valve
Enter gasification layer, which carries out partial gasification with oxygen and water vapour in gasification layer, generates synthesis gas；Synthesis gas is entrainment of portion
Semicoke after gasification is divided to enter gasification layer gas-solid separating device, synthesis gas therein is sent out by syngas outlet after separation, and portion
Semicoke after gasification is divided to enter the second dipleg layer after separation, in the loosening wind that the second dipleg floor bottom is sprayed by loosening general mood room
Enter burning zone, with oxidant combustion reaction occurs for semicoke in burning zone after partial gasification, releases heat, the flue gas for generation of burning
Enter cyclone separator with hot ash, the flue gas after separation is discharged by exhanst gas outlet, and circulation pyrolysis gas can be used as the inflation of material returning device；
The running temperature of pyrolytic layer is between 450-750 DEG C, and the running temperature of gasification layer is 850-1000 DEG C, the running temperature of burning zone
It is 900-1200 DEG C, package unit can be run under common or pressurized conditions, and pressure limit is 0.1-5.0MPa when operation.
The present invention is compared compared with the existing technology with following remarkable advantage:
1, device provided by the invention can realize the thermal decomposition gasification combustion of the solid fuels such as coal, biomass, solid waste
Staged conversion, while pyrolysis gas, tar, synthesis gas and heat are produced, wherein tar can be used for producing fuel oil or extract high
Chemical products are worth, pyrolysis gas and synthesis gas can be used for chemical industry synthesis or combustion gas, and heat can be used for producing steam with heat supply or hair
Electricity has high economic value, it can be achieved that the multiple utilization of solid fuel；
2, multicompartment fluidized bed provided by the invention is followed successively by burning zone, gasification layer and pyrolytic layer, running temperature from inside to outside
From high to low, and the direction of transfer of heat is also to transmit outward from core space, therefore, in multicompartment fluidized bed the arrangement of each layer and heat
Amount direction of transfer is consistent, and the utilizing status of heat is preferable, and radiation loss is smaller；
3, multicompartment fluidized bed is by pyrolysis oven, gasification furnace, the combustion furnace Trinity, and globality is preferable, and device is easily operated
Operation；
4, method for transformation of the invention further implements gasification, and combustion staged conversion to pyrolysis char, compares traditional classification
Semicoke is gasified totally scheme in transformation technology, and expensive oxidant consumption amount is less, and synthesis gas effective component is also higher.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion device；
Fig. 2 is the multicompartment fluidized bed schematic cross-section that circular housing section is used in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the multicompartment fluidized bed schematic cross-section that pipe leg layer is used in the present invention；
Wherein: 1- solid fuel feedstock machine, 2- multicompartment fluidized bed, 3- pyrolytic layer, 4- pyrolytic layer gas chamber, 5- pyrolytic layer wind
Cap, 6- semicoke overflow port, 7- pyrolytic layer gas-solid separating device, the first dipleg of 8- layer, 9- gasification layer returning charge valve, 10- gasification layer return
Expect valve spout, 11- gasification layer returning charge valve gas chamber, 12- gasification layer, 13- gasification layer gas chamber, 14- gasification layer blast cap, 15- gasification layer
Gas-solid separating device, the second dipleg of 16- floor, 17- loosen wind snout, 18- loosens general mood room, 19- burning zone, 20- burning zone gas
Room, 21- burning zone blast cap, 22- cyclone separator, 23- standpipe, 24- material returning device, 25- recycle pyrolysis gas import, 26- pyrolytic layer
Ash-removing mouth, 27- volatilization sub-export, 28- gasification layer ash-removing mouth, 29- syngas outlet, 30- burning zone ash-removing mouth, 31- flue gas go out
Mouth, 32- gasification layer are counter to expect that wind inlet, 33- burning zone loosen wind inlet, 34- oxidant inlet, 35- gasifying agent import.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion device includes solid fuel
Batcher 1, multicompartment fluidized bed 2, cyclone separator 22, standpipe 23, material returning device 24；The 2 ecto-entad quilt of multicompartment fluidized bed
It is divided into coaxial pyrolytic layer 3, gasification layer 12, burning zone 19, wherein connection pyrolytic layer is equipped between pyrolytic layer 3 and gasification layer 12
3, the first dipleg layer 8 of gasification layer；The first dipleg layer 8 is equipped with semicoke overflow port 6 in the middle part of the outer wall of pyrolytic layer 3,
The semicoke exit of first dipleg layer, 8 bottom is equipped with gasification layer returning charge valve 9；Connection is equipped between gasification layer 12 and burning zone 19
Second dipleg layer 16 of gasification layer 12, burning zone 19；19 upper outlet of burning zone is connected with 22 import of cyclone separator
Connect, 22 top of cyclone separator is equipped with exhanst gas outlet 31, and 22 lower part outlet of cyclone separator is connected with standpipe 23, standpipe 23 and
24 feed space of returning charge valve is connected, and 24 discharge chamber of returning charge valve is all connected with the outer wall of pyrolytic layer 3 with solid fuel feedstock machine 1.
3 bottom of pyrolytic layer is equipped with pyrolytic layer air compartment 4, and circulation pyrolysis gas import 25 is connected on the side wall of pyrolytic layer air compartment 4,
And pyrolytic layer blast cap 5 is installed at the top of pyrolytic layer air compartment 4 and opens up pyrolytic layer ash-removing mouth 26, the top of pyrolytic layer 3 is provided with
Pyrolytic layer gas-solid separator 7,7 top of pyrolytic layer gas-solid separating device are volatilization sub-export 27, lower part outlet and first
Dipleg layer 8 is connected.
12 bottom of gasification layer includes gasification layer air compartment 13, gasification layer returning charge valve gas chamber 11, upper cloth at the top of gasification layer air compartment 13
It is equipped with gasification layer blast cap 14 and gasification layer ash-removing mouth 28,13 bottom of gasification layer air compartment sets gasifying agent import 35；The gasification layer
11 bottom of returning charge valve gas chamber is provided with that gasification layer is counter to expect wind inlet 32, and 11 top of gasification layer returning charge valve gas chamber is provided with and the first dipleg layer
8 semicoke exports connected gasification layer returning charge valve inflating port 10, is provided with gasification layer gas-solid separating device 15 at the top of gasification layer 12,
15 top of gasification layer gas-solid separating device is syngas outlet 29, and lower part outlet is connected with the second dipleg layer 16.
19 bottom of burning zone includes burning zone gas chamber 20, loosens general mood room 18, and 20 bottom of burning zone gas chamber is connected with air
Import 34,20 top layout burning zone blast cap 21 of burning zone gas chamber and burning zone ash-removing mouth 30；On the loosening general mood room 18
Portion is provided with the loosening wind snout 17 being connected with the second dipleg layer 16, and the bottom for loosening general mood room 18, which is equipped with, loosens wind inlet 33.
A kind of shell section for using multicompartment fluidized bed 2 is provided in the present invention for circle, as shown in Fig. 2, multicompartment fluidized bed
In a ring, generally hollow cylinder structure, pyrolytic layer 3, gasification layer 12 are toroidal cavity to each layer cross section, and burning zone 19 is cylinder
Cavity.Consistent with heat transfer direction using the arrangement of such form, the utilizing status of heat is preferable, and radiation loss is smaller.Then
The pyrolytic layer air compartment 4 of above layers bottom setting, gasification layer returning charge valve gas chamber 11, loosens general mood room 18, combustion at gasification layer air compartment 13
It burns layer gas chamber 20 and uses cyclic structure accordingly.
In addition to multicompartment fluidized bed shell section is circular configuration, the present invention also provides rectangular and other polygons shapes
Formula, cavity and each air compartment are changed accordingly, and are conventional alternative forms, therefore the present invention is not detailed.
The solid fuel feedstock of the multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion device of above-mentioned each form
Machine 1 sets at least to two, and is arranged in the outer wall of pyrolytic layer 3 in ring type centered on 2 central axis of multicompartment fluidized bed, to guarantee
Material and temperature are uniform in pyrolytic layer.
The semicoke overflow port 6 of multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion device sets at least to two
It is a, and the first dipleg layer 8 is arranged in the middle part of the outer wall of pyrolytic layer 3 in ring type centered on 2 central axis of multicompartment fluidized bed, with
Guarantee that the material entered in the first dipleg layer 8 and temperature are uniform.
First dipleg layer 8 and the second dipleg layer 16 provided in the present invention are to be arranged in pyrolytic layer 3 and gasification layer 12 and gas
Change the annular space of layer structure between layer 12 and burning zone 19, as shown in Fig. 2, therefore the pyrolytic layer gas solid separation of its entrance dress
Set 7 and gasification layer gas-solid separating device 15 may be configured as cyclic structure；In addition pyrolytic layer gas-solid separating device 7 and gasification layer gas-solid
Separator 15 can also require annular setting multiple using 2 axial line of multicompartment fluidized bed as axis according to separative efficiency.Wherein, hot
Labyrinth type inertia separator or other various impacting types can be used in solution layer gas-solid separating device 7 and gasification layer gas-solid separating device 15
Inertia separator.
In addition to above-mentioned form, the present invention also provides another dipleg layer forms, as shown in figure 3, i.e. pyrolytic layer 3 and gasification layer
The structure of the dipleg of multiple tubular types, dipleg number at least two, then in dipleg are set between 12 and gasification layer 12 and burning zone 19
Feed inlet at be correspondingly arranged gas-solid separating device.Then pyrolytic layer gas-solid separator 7 sets at least to two, and with multilayer
The top of pyrolytic layer 3 is arranged in centered on 2 central axis of fluidized bed in ring type；The gasification layer gas-solid of the multicompartment fluidized bed 2 point
Two are set at least to from device 15, and is arranged in the top of gasification layer 12 in ring type centered on 2 central axis of multicompartment fluidized bed.
In a kind of multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion method, solid fuel passes through solid fuel
Batcher 1 adds to the pyrolytic layer 3 of multicompartment fluidized bed 2, mixes with the heat ash that material returning device 24 is transmitted back to, and solid fuel is by hot ash heating
After heat up, volatile matter is precipitated in concurrent heat solution, and volatile matter entrained particles enter pyrolytic layer gas-solid separating device 7, and particle is separated
Enter the first dipleg layer 8 afterwards, volatile matter is sent out by volatilization sub-export 27, into subsequent purification, cooling device, obtains tar and heat
It vents one's spleen, wherein partial thermal decomposition gas is recycled back to fluidized gas of the circulation pyrolysis gas import 25 as pyrolytic layer 3, another part pyrolysis gas
Inflation as material returning device 24；The semicoke generated after solid fuel pyrolysis is by semicoke overflow port 6, into the first dipleg layer 8, so
Gasification layer 12 is sent by gasification layer returning charge valve 9 afterwards, which carries out partial gasification with oxygen and water vapour in gasification layer 12,
Generate synthesis gas；Synthesis gas enters gasification layer gas-solid separating device 15, synthesis gas warp therein entrainment of semicoke after partial gasification
It is sent out after separation by syngas outlet 29, and semicoke enters the second dipleg layer 16 after separation after partial gasification, in the second dipleg
16 bottom of floor is blown into burning zone 19 by the loosening wind that loosening general mood room 18 sprays, after partial gasification semicoke in burning zone 19 with sky
Combustion reaction occurs for gas, releases heat, and the flue gas and heat ash for generation of burning enter cyclone separator 22, and the flue gas after separation is by cigarette
31 discharge of gas outlet, the heat ash separated enter material returning device 24 through standpipe 23, are then transmitted back to multicompartment fluidized bed pyrolysis again
Layer 3, to provide heat required for solid fuel pyrolysis.
In a kind of multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion method, pyrolytic layer fluidized gas 25 and returning charge
The inflation of device 24 is all made of circulation pyrolysis gas, and gasification layer returning charge valve inflation 32 uses water vapour, and gasification layer fluidized gas 35 uses oxygen
Gas and water vapour loosen wind inflation 33 and use air, and burning zone fluidized gas 34 uses air；The running temperature of pyrolytic layer 3 is
450-750 DEG C, the running temperature of gasification layer 12 is 850-1000 DEG C, and the running temperature of burning zone 19 is 900-1200 DEG C, a whole set of
Device can be run under common or pressurized conditions, and pressure limit is 0.1-5.0MPa when operation.
Device and method provided by the invention can produce pyrolysis gas, tar, synthesis gas and heat simultaneously, can be fired according to solid
Expect that the reactivity of different component and economic value are carried out staged conversion and utilized, especially further implements gasification combustion to pyrolysis char
Burn staged conversion.Therefore gasifying agent consumption is relatively gasified totally and to lack, synthesis gas active constituent content is also higher.This is because of the invention
Semicoke partial gasification, the higher disordering of reactivity in gasification char are used when set multicompartment fluidized bed 2 works
The carbon of structure, and the carbon of the carbonization structure poor for reactivity is converted using burning.It therefore, there is no need to be passed through big
The gasifying agent of amount does not need raising gasification temperature yet and carrys out the poor graphitized carbon of gasification reactivity, therefore in partial gasification reaction, semicoke
Combustion share it is smaller, the carbon dioxide of generation is less, and synthesis gas active constituent content is higher.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion device, which is characterized in that including solid fuel
Batcher (1), multicompartment fluidized bed (2), cyclone separator (22), standpipe (23), material returning device (24)；The multicompartment fluidized bed
(2) ecto-entad is divided into coaxial pyrolytic layer (3), gasification layer (12), burning zone (19), wherein pyrolytic layer (3) and gasification layer
(12) the first dipleg layer (8) of connection pyrolytic layer (3), gasification layer is equipped between；The first dipleg layer (8) is close to pyrolytic layer
(3) semicoke overflow port (6) are equipped in the middle part of outer wall, the semicoke exit of first dipleg layer (8) bottom is equipped with gasification layer returning charge valve
(9)；The the second dipleg layer for being connected to gasification layer (12), burning zone (19) is equipped between gasification layer (12) and burning zone (19)
(16)；Burning zone (19) upper outlet is connected with cyclone separator (22) import, and cyclone separator (22) top is set
Have exhanst gas outlet (31), cyclone separator (22) lower part outlet is connected with standpipe (23), standpipe (23) and material returning device (24) into
Material room is connected, and material returning device (24) discharge chamber is all connected with the outer wall of pyrolytic layer (3) with solid fuel feedstock machine (1).
2. multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion device according to claim 1, feature exist
In the pyrolytic layer (3) bottom is equipped with pyrolytic layer air compartment (4), and circulation pyrolysis gas import is connected on pyrolytic layer air compartment (4)
(25), and pyrolytic layer blast cap (5) is installed at the top of pyrolytic layer air compartment (4) and is opened up pyrolytic layer ash-removing mouth (26), pyrolytic layer (3)
Top be provided with pyrolytic layer gas-solid separating device (7), pyrolytic layer gas-solid separating device (7) top be volatilization sub-export
(27), lower part outlet is connected with the first dipleg layer (8).
3. multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion device according to claim 1, feature exist
In the gasification layer (12) bottom includes gasification layer air compartment (13), gasification layer returning charge valve gas chamber (11), gasification layer air compartment (13)
Gasification layer blast cap (14) and gasification layer ash-removing mouth (28) are disposed on top, gasification layer air compartment (13) bottom sets gasifying agent import
(35)；Described gasification layer returning charge valve gas chamber (11) bottom is provided with that gasification layer is counter to expect wind inlet (32), gasification layer returning charge valve gas chamber
(11) top, which is provided with, exports the gasification layer returning charge valve inflating port (10) being connected, gasification layer (12) with the semicoke of the first dipleg layer (8)
Top is provided with gasification layer gas-solid separating device (15), and gasification layer gas-solid separating device (15) top is syngas outlet
(29), lower part outlet is connected with the second dipleg layer (16).
4. multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion device according to claim 1, feature exist
In the burning zone (19) bottom includes burning zone gas chamber (20), loosens general mood room (18), and burning zone gas chamber (20) bottom connects
It is connected to air intlet (34), burning zone gas chamber (20) top layout burning zone blast cap (21) and burning zone ash-removing mouth (30)；It is described
Loosening general mood room (18) top be provided with the loosening wind snout (17) being connected with the second dipleg floor (16), loosen general mood room (18)
Bottom be equipped with loosen wind inlet (33).
5. any one multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion described in -4 fills according to claim 1
It sets, which is characterized in that the multilayer fluidisation of any of the above-described kind of multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion device
The shell section of bed (2) is round, rectangular or other polygons.
6. multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion device according to claim 5, feature exist
In shell section is that the first dipleg layer (8), the second dipleg layer (16) of circular multicompartment fluidized bed (2) are set as toroidal cavity.
7. multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion device according to claim 5, feature exist
In shell section is that the first dipleg layer (8), the second dipleg layer (16) of circular multicompartment fluidized bed (2) are set as pipeline configuration.
8. multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion device according to claim 5, feature exist
In the solid fuel feedstock machine (1) of multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion device sets at least to two
It is a, and the outer walls of pyrolytic layer (3) is arranged in ring type centered on multicompartment fluidized bed (2) central axis.
9. multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion device according to claim 5, feature exist
Two are set at least in, the semicoke overflow port (6) of multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion device, and
The first dipleg layer (8) is arranged in the middle part of the outer wall of pyrolytic layer (3) in ring type centered on multicompartment fluidized bed (2) central axis.
10. a kind of method for transformation based on multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion device, feature exist
In solid fuel adds to the pyrolytic layer (3) of multicompartment fluidized bed (2) by solid fuel feedstock machine (1), conveys with material returning device (24)
The heat ash mixing returned, solid fuel are heated up after hot ash heating, concurrent heat solution, are precipitated volatile matter, volatile matter entrained particles into
Enter pyrolytic layer gas-solid separating device (7), particle enters the first dipleg layer (8) after being separated, and volatile matter is by volatilization sub-export (27)
Send out, into subsequent purification, cooling device, obtain tar and pyrolysis gas, wherein partial thermal decomposition gas be recycled back to circulation pyrolysis gas into
The fluidized gas of mouth (25) as pyrolytic layer (3), inflation of another part pyrolysis gas as material returning device (24)；After solid fuel pyrolysis
The semicoke of generation is by semicoke overflow port (6), into the first dipleg layer (8), is then sent into gasification by gasification layer returning charge valve (9)
Layer (12), the semicoke carry out partial gasification with oxygen and water vapour in gasification layer (12), generate synthesis gas；Synthesis gas entrainment of
Semicoke enters gasification layer gas-solid separating device (15) after partial gasification, and synthesis gas therein is after separation by syngas outlet (29)
It sends out, and semicoke enters the second dipleg layer (16) after separation after partial gasification, in the second dipleg layer (16) bottom by loosening wind
The loosening wind that gas chamber (18) sprays is blown into burning zone (19), and semicoke fires in burning zone (19) with oxidant after partial gasification
Reaction is burnt, heat is released, the flue gas and heat ash for generation of burning enter cyclone separator (22), and the flue gas after separation is by exhanst gas outlet
(31) it is discharged；For the running temperature of pyrolytic layer (3) between 450-750 DEG C, the running temperature of gasification layer (12) is 850-1000 DEG C,
The running temperature of burning zone (19) is 900-1200 DEG C, and package unit can be run under common or pressurized conditions, pressure when operation
Range is 0.1-5.0MPa.
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| IT201900013239A1 (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2021-01-29 | Milano Politecnico | Plant for the production of syngas starting from pre-treated recovery plastic polymers |
| CN114736700B (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2023-12-19 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Pyrolysis system and pyrolysis method |
| CN114806644A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-07-29 | 北京清创晋华科技有限公司 | Pyrolysis gasifier |
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| CN1786123A (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2006-06-14 | 太原理工大学 | Internal and external circulation coal gasification method and device |
| CN102504842A (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2012-06-20 | 浙江大学 | Three-fluidized-bed solid heat carrier coal pyrolysis, gasification and combustion cascade utilization method |
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| CN205821265U (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-12-21 | 张睿 | Multicompartment fluidized bed solid fuel pyrolytic gasification combustion staged conversion device |
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| CN1786123A (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2006-06-14 | 太原理工大学 | Internal and external circulation coal gasification method and device |
| CN102504842A (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2012-06-20 | 浙江大学 | Three-fluidized-bed solid heat carrier coal pyrolysis, gasification and combustion cascade utilization method |
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