CN101845326B - Spiral-flow melting pond gasifier - Google Patents
Spiral-flow melting pond gasifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN101845326B CN101845326B CN 201010001568 CN201010001568A CN101845326B CN 101845326 B CN101845326 B CN 101845326B CN 201010001568 CN201010001568 CN 201010001568 CN 201010001568 A CN201010001568 A CN 201010001568A CN 101845326 B CN101845326 B CN 101845326B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a spiral-flow melting pond gasifier, which comprises a cylindrical gasifier body, wherein the periphery of the cylindrical gasifier body is provided with a reducing cylindrical water-cooled jacket with a small upper part and a large lower part. The lower inner cylinder of the water-cooled jacket is connected with an expansion joint. A coal locking hopper is installed at the top part of the gasifier body. A coal distributor with a water-cooled jacket is arranged at the upper part of a hearth. An annular gap is kept between the upper inner wall of the hearth and the coal distributor. A coal gas outlet is arranged on one side of the gasifier body. An oxygen nozzle is arranged on the oxidization melting pond at the lower part of the gasifier body. The hearth is also provided with a reducing section, a drying section and a dry distilling section. A steam sprayer is arranged above the oxidization melting pond. The slag port of the gasifier body is arranged in the center of the oxidization melting pond and is higher than the bottom of the oxidization melting pond. The bottom of the slag port is connected with a granulated slag hopper. A fine pulverized coal feeding port is arranged on the side wall of the oxidization melting pond. By using high-speed sprayed oxygen in a tangent direction to enable molten liquid coal to rotate at high speed, the oxidization reaction is enhanced; lump coal, small pea coal, powder coal and high-sulfur coal can be used, the gasification intensity is high and the gas yield is high; the oxidizing fuel is fully combusted in the spiral-flow melting pond, the gasifier temperature is high and the content of active ingredients in coal gas is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to spiral-flow melting pond gasifier, it is applied to inflammable gass such as coal hydrogen carbon monoxide gas, further is processed as products such as synthetic ammonia, methyl alcohol, ydrogen peroxide 50 with these gases, also available it the artificial Sweet natural gas of coal conversion.
Background technology
Carbon in the coal runs into air (oxygen), and following oxidation (burning) thermopositive reaction takes place:
C+O
2＝CO
2+Q ……(1)
Emit heat and be stored in the charcoal layer, in the charcoal layer, add water vapor, thermo-negative reaction can take place to reduce as follows:
C+H
2O＝CO+H
2-Q?……(2)
Above-mentioned reaction (1) is a complete oxidation, and is not enough like oxygen supply, and the incomplete oxidation reaction can take place:
2C+O
2＝2CO+Q
1 ……(3)
Reaction (3) thermal discharge lacks than reaction (1) thermal discharge.
C+CO
2＝2CO-Q ……(4)
Reaction (4) also is the reduction thermo-negative reaction, the CO that reaction (1) generates
2Be reduced to CO.
CO and H
2Be available gas, heat supply is more, temperature is high more, and reaction (2) Shaoxing opera is strong, generates CO+H
2Many more.
Generate more CO+H
2, its most important condition is that heat supplied is many, promptly at first will add fast response (1).With regard to reaction mechanism, reaction (2) belongs to diffusion control, i.e. reaction is decided by whether oxygen can be diffused into carbon surface very soon, carries out chemical reaction on the surface, the CO+H that the reaction back generates
2Whether can be diffused into soon in the space (gas phase) and go.Increase the contact area of gas and coal, accelerate the diffusion of gas, just accelerate whole oxidizing reaction, further created competent thermal source for reaction (2), reaction (2) also can be accelerated, also having an essential condition is temperature, and temperature is high more, and reaction (2) is fast more, CO+H
2Just generate more.
Simple vapourizing furnace is a round shape, adds charcoal from furnace roof, and furnace bottom adds air and water vapor, and reaction generates H
2, CO, CO
2(being called water-gas or crude synthesis gas).Come out of the stove by stove top, reaction back carbon content breeze (title slag) seldom discharges out of the furnace from the bottom.Charcoal from top to bottom moves, and gas is by rising both countercurrent flows down.
The gasification that adds air is intermittently carried out, and promptly adds air earlier, carries out exothermic oxidation reaction, generates CO
2Emit heat, hot gas is toward rising, and heat is stored in the charcoal layer, and reaction generates gas blowing air.Blowing air mainly contains CO
2, be discharged in the atmosphere and go, stop to add air then, add steam, absorb the heat in the charcoal layer, and react with carbon, generate CO, H
2, so circulation is carried out, and this is an intermittent gasification, like " UGI " stove.
In air, mix the pure oxygen that oxygen is called oxygen enrichment (air of content more than 50%) or makes with air separation facility, if oxygen and steam add vapourizing furnace, gasification is controlled at below 1300 ℃ with the carbon temperature of reaction, generates H continuously
2, CO, the outlet of rising from the furnace side, top, slag discharges out of the furnace with solid-state, this is a lump coal dry ash extraction continuous gasification, like " Lurgi " stove.
Continuous gasification go into the stove coal, except with the piece charcoal, also can wear into fine coal, usually coal slaking to＜0.1mm, spray into vapourizing furnace with oxygen, mixture of steam, carry out oxidation and reduction reaction immediately, generation high temperature more than 1400 ℃ generates H simultaneously
2, CO, CO
2, with fine coal from top to bottom and stream motion, carbon reaction gasification in the coal, the cinder that can not react gasification is melted, melts descends, by water broken be granular, intermittently discharge; There is the part melts to be taken out of outside the stove by high-temperature gas, in the time of the water cooling gas that the cold one-tenth of melts is carefully grey, and in separator separates.This vapourizing furnace is claimed air-flow dry powder stove, like " Shell " stove.
To process coal powder density be 60% coal water slurry if add water to fine coal, pumps up and pure oxygen sprays in the vapourizing furnace, and oxygen is emitted a large amount of heats with the carbon reaction, and temperature is evaporated to steam to water simultaneously up to more than 1400 ℃, and steam reacts generation CO+H with carbon
2, cinder is also melted, and process is similar with air-flow dry powder stove thereafter; This vapourizing furnace is called coal slurry gasifier, like " TEXACO " stove.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is; Defective to the prior art existence; Propose a kind of spiral-flow melting pond gasifier, be provided with the fusion pool of a constant volume, utilize the oxygen of high speed tangent line ejection to make fused solution coal high speed rotating at furnace bottom; Gas-to-liquid contact surface fast updating is strengthened oxidizing reaction greatly; It can utilize the coal and the particle diameter≤3.5mm fine coal of various granularities, can save coal processing investment and tooling cost; Its gasification intensity is big, and gas production rate is high; Oxygenated fuel is carried out perfect combustion in the fusion pool of eddy flow, and furnace temperature is high, and the coal gas active constituent content is high, and methane content is low, and the coal gas tapping temperature is the end of than, and than oxygen consumption and all lower than coal consumption, steam decomposition rate is high; Also can self-produced MP steam; The gasification system facility investment is few; No waste gas, flushing cinder water can be recycled, and the vitreous state slag is a fine building village material. environmental friendliness.
Technical scheme of the present invention is; Said spiral-flow melting pond gasifier comprises that periphery is provided with the cylindrical furnace of water-cooling jacket; Water-cooling jacket is the big reducing round shape in little bottom, top, and big footpath, bottom inner core is connected to 1～3 in order to eliminate the expansion joint of thermal stresses that temperature variation produces, and coal lock bucket and following lock coal bunker are equipped with in the body of heater top; The upper furnace of body of heater also is equipped with the coal sparger of being with water-cooling jacket below following coal lock bucket; It is characterized in that between the upper furnace inwall of body of heater and the water-cooling jacket of said coal sparger annular space being arranged, body of heater one side is provided with the gas exit that is communicated with this annular space; The bottom of body of heater is that oxidation fusion pond and this oxidation fusion pond are provided with at least one pair of oxygen jet that relative oxidation fusion pond is tangential and symmetrical distribution; The burner hearth that rise from the bottom to top at top, said oxidation fusion pond is followed successively by reduction section, dryer section, retort section, and retort section is positioned at said coal sparger below; Top, oxidation fusion pond is provided with steam injector; The riser of slagging tap of said body of heater is located in the oxidation fusion pond and is higher than this bottom, oxidation fusion pond, and the riser bottom of slagging tap is connected to top water disintegrating slag pin bucket and bottom water slag pin bucket; Oxidation fusion pond sidewall is provided with fines and sends into mouth.
Below make and further specifying.
Referring to Fig. 1; Spiral-flow melting pond gasifier of the present invention comprises that periphery is provided with the cylindrical furnace 4 of water-cooling jacket 6; Water-cooling jacket 6 is the big reducing round shape in little bottom, top, and big footpath, bottom inner core is connected to 1～3 in order to eliminate the expansion joint 7 of thermal stresses that temperature variation produces, and coal lock bucket 1 and following lock coal bunker 2 are equipped with in body of heater 4 tops; The upper furnace of body of heater 4 also is equipped with the coal sparger 20 of band water-cooling jacket 3 in following coal lock bucket 2 belows; It is characterized in that between the upper furnace inwall of body of heater 4 and the water-cooling jacket 3 of said coal sparger 20 annular space 22 being arranged, body of heater 4 one sides are provided with the gas exit 5 that is communicated with this annular space 22; The bottom of body of heater 4 is that oxidation fusion pond 11 and this oxidation fusion pond 11 are provided with relative oxidation fusion pond 11 at least one pair of oxygen jet 9 for tangential and symmetrical distribution; The burner hearth that rise from the bottom to top at 11 tops, said oxidation fusion pond is followed successively by reduction section 17, dryer section 18, retort section 19, and retort section 19 is positioned at said coal sparger 20 belows; 11 tops, oxidation fusion pond are provided with steam injector 8; The riser 15 of slagging tap of said body of heater 4 is located in the oxidation fusion pond 11 and is higher than this bottom, oxidation fusion pond, and riser 15 bottoms of slagging tap are connected to top water disintegrating slag pin bucket 13 and bottom water slag pin bucket 14; Oxidation fusion pond 11 sidewalls are provided with fines and send into mouth.
It is the tangential nozzle of tangent line ejection that said oxygen jet 9 is arranged horizontally and makes the cylindrical relatively oxidation pond cavity of ejecta; And relative oxidation pond is symmetrical set one to four to (two to eight) said tangential nozzle, referring to Fig. 2 on same horizontal plane.Said oxygen jet 9 for horizontal tangential arrange a pair of to four pairs, can make oxygen with higher speed from oxygen jet 9 ejections and cause that melts form high speed rotary motions in the oxidation fusion pond 11.
The fines of said oxidation fusion pond 11 sidewalls is sent into mouth and is connected to fines downtake 21, and these fines downtake 21 port are connected to fines under lock bucket 23 and lock with fines and struggle against 24; Spiral propeller 16 is housed in the fines downtake 21.
The said riser 15 of slagging tap is located at 11 centers, oxidation fusion pond and is higher than this bottom, oxidation fusion pond 300mm～400mm; Make oxidation fusion pond 11 when gasifier operation, form the liquid slag bath of the high 300mm～400mm of liquid slag, slag flows down from the riser 15 of slagging tap at said center.
Can oxygen jet 9 be located at riser 15 height of slagging tap with upper/lower positions, promptly be located at below the fusion liquid level; Oxygen from oxygen jet 9 ejections, can not accumulate melt cinder in this nozzle with higher speed.
During gasifier operation of the present invention; Be shaped as>=patch fuel of 3.5mm adds the stove from furnace roof through last coal lock bucket 1; The Paniculate coal of particle diameter≤3.5mm with smear coal; Lock bucket 23, fines downtake 21 under fines is locked bucket 24 and fines, one or two fines of 11 sidewalls is sent into a mouthful adding oxidation fusion pond 11 from said oxidation fusion pond; Paniculate coal at particle diameter≤3.5mm adds a certain proportion of red stone, quicklime with smearing in the coal, make cinder melting yield temperature (FT) be reduced to 1250 ℃～1350 ℃, and it is well liquid to form flowing property; Heat is emitted in the reaction of oxygen and carbon in the said oxidation fusion pond 11, and solid fuel is heated melting for liquid, and is formed with the oxidation sludge melt pool of certain liquid level.
When oxidation fusion pond, said body of heater 4 bottom 11 was moved, melts was met water-cooling jacket 6 coolings and is formed layer of annular cured article (promptly solidify and melt flux shielding layer 10), sticks on water-cooling jacket 6 walls, plays the effect that resistance to high temperature corrosion is protected water-cooling jacket 6.
In the spiral-flow melting pond gasifier of the present invention, the annular space 22 between the upper furnace inwall of body water-cooling chuck 6 and the cylinder water-cooling chuck 3 of said coal sparger leads to the passage of gas exit 5 for coal gas.The effect of water-cooling jacket 6 is water flowing coolings, makes it not receive high temperature to damage.The effect of coal sparger is to make the coal of adding can uniform distribution in the stove, can not pile up very highly in the centre, and circumference is very low; And around having prevented to fall within than bulk; In the middle of granule, fragment fall within, prevented that air communication is out-of-date, resistance is different everywhere; Gas distribution is irregular, makes the gasification section temperature high, low on one side on one side.
In the spiral-flow melting pond gasifier of the present invention, drum 25 is set outside body of heater 4, the water-cooling jacket 6 of it and body of heater 4 forms water circulation systems; Produce MP steam and draw from drum 25 tops, make up water adds drum 25, feeds downtake and adds to water-cooling jacket 6, and vapor pressure should be greater than vapor pressure in the stove, the coal gas injury accident takes place to prevent that coal gas from bleeding in the steam.
The know-why of spiral-flow melting pond gasifier of the present invention one of is to be, as the coal of one of reactant, divide two-way or three tunnel to go into stove: main road adds from the body of heater top, and it is shaped as broken coal and the lump coal of 3.5mm to 50mm; Another road or two-way are the fine coal (+flux) of particle diameter≤3.5mm, directly are added to middle part, oxidation fusion pond from high-order coal lock bucket through downtake, carry out the oxidizing fire reaction immediately.From the coal of mining, bulk, little granular and powdery are always arranged.Existing air-flowing type dry powder vapourizing furnace, coal slurry gasifier all will with block, Paniculate coal is broken, grinds to form＜0.1mm fine coal, its system of processing is huge, occupation of land is many, and environment is still had certain dust pollution.The coal gas that gasification reaction generates is carried a large amount of coal dusts secretly and is come out of the stove, and increases the coal gas dust removal difficulty.Other vapourizing furnace can only utilize the little beans of lump coal again, maybe will fine coal be processed moulded coal and go into stove.The advantage of melting pond gasifier of the present invention is that the particle diameter≤3.5mm that accounts for total coal amount 40%～55% that utilizes the mixing pieces screen to select smears coal; Do not need attrition process, smear coal lock bucket by another and directly add the bottom fusion pool from the furnace side, bottom, in stove of the present invention, gasify the various type shape coals of raw coal; " eat up and use up "; Also be applicable to high sulphur coal, improve resource utilization greatly, practice thrift processing charges.
What the know-why of spiral-flow melting pond gasifier of the present invention was two is; Oxygen and water vapor are respectively in different positions adds stove; Oxygen promptly sprays into the oxidation fusion pond in the body of heater bottom, and superheated vapour sprays on the oxidation fusion pond, makes oxidation panel form the CO that generates
2Perfect combustion reaction, emit maximum heats, produce higher temperature.
What the know-why of spiral-flow melting pond gasifier of the present invention was three is; Same level gets in the stove oxygen tangent line in the face of two (or four, or six) tangential nozzles claim to be installed in the body of heater bottom; Coal dust reaction with the particle diameter≤3.5mm of direct adding; Heat release produces～1400 ℃ of high temperature, is liquid with the coal fusion, forms the oxidation fusion pond; Symmetrically arranged two oxygen that (or four, or six) nozzle tangential direction sprays into drive liquid and form swirling motion, and the gas-to-liquid contact face fast upgrades, and the combustion reactions of carbon and oxygen is sharply carried out, the CO of the carbon reaction back generation in the liquid
2Hightail the liquid phase surface toward rising, other material (slag) not gasifiable in the liquid flows to down through cinder notch, falls into the broken bucket of water, meets the broken shape vitreum of water-cooled granule.
Rise with CO
2Be main high-temperature gas with slowly under the coal of preheating contact, make coal become red-hot state, at this CO
2Carry out reduction reaction with carbon by previous reaction formula (4) and generate CO, on this, spray into superheated vapour by steam injector 8, water vapor carries out reduction reaction with carbon by reaction formula (2) immediately, generates H
2+ CO is in CO, the H of the condition of high temperature
2, unreacted water vapor rises, and continues to react by reaction formula (2) with the carbon of the preheating that moves down, and continues to generate H
2+ CO; The comparatively high temps H that reaction generates
2, CO, on 5%～10% water vapor of also having an appointment continues, with the charcoal heating that moves down, make wherein that volatile matter evaporates under the anaerobic situation, together with H
2, CO, steam rise, and the upper strata charcoal is carried out preheating, makes the water evaporation in the charcoal, coal is dried.Contain H
2, CO, CO
2, H
2The gasometer raw gas of O and volatile matter, subsequent disposal is carried out in the side outlet from stove top.
Known that by above the present invention is a spiral-flow melting pond gasifier, it has with respect to the remarkable advantage of prior art:
1. little beans and fine coal (particle diameter≤3.5mm) directly add in the eddy flow fusion pool, be heated swollen at once rise gasification and oxygen reaction;
2. the piece charcoal adds in the vapourizing furnace, from top to bottom moves, and gas (comprises O
2, H
2O, CO
2, H
2, CO) from bottom to top, the gas-solid contrary is to flowing, and upgrades soon than the co-current flow solid contact surface of taking offence, and helps reaction;
3. physical change and chemical transformation are arranged in the stove; From top to bottom be divided into drying layer, destructive distillation layer, reducing zone, oxidation fusion pond by changing conditions; The gas-liquid oxidizing reaction of carbon is carried out in the oxidation fusion pond, and reducing zone carries out the gas-solid reduction reaction, and destructive distillation, drying are physical processes;
4. oxygen sprays into tangential direction through the two or more symmetric nozzles in top, oxidation fusion pond, forms the eddy flow operation, has greatly accelerated gas-liquid oxidizing reaction speed;
5. the solubility promoter that adds can make slag in the time of 1250 ℃～1350 ℃, is molten into mobile well liquid; Be easier to form rotation and flow, formation has a constant volume, stores big calorimetric high-temp liquid slag fusion pool;
6. the present invention has desulfidation owing to add a certain amount of alkaline auxiliary solvent in high-temp liquid slag melt pool, is applicable to the high-sulfur coal gasification.
7. liquid at high speed swirling motion, the gas that reaction generates therefrom rises in the heart, the diffusion that helps gas with separate, slag floats over above the oxidation fusion pond, down flow in the broken bucket of water through riser;
8. top, oxidation fusion pond is red-hot carbon-coating, and superheated vapour sprays into, and presses reaction formula (2) row reduction reaction with carbon immediately, generates H
2+ CO.
Spiral-flow melting pond gasifier according to the invention can utilize the coal of various granularities, has saved coal processing investment and tooling cost; Gasification intensity is big, and gas production rate is high; Fuel carries out perfect combustion in the fusion pool of eddy flow, and furnace temperature is up to more than～1400 ℃, coal gas effective constituent CO+H
2Up to 90%; Coal gas tapping temperature＜600 ℃, lower than the oxygen consumption, lower than coal consumption, steam decomposition rate is more than 90%, also can self-produced MP steam; The gasification system facility investment is few; No waste gas, flushing cinder water can be recycled environmental friendliness.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of embodiment of spiral-flow melting pond gasifier of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the horizontal section structural representation of reduction section among Fig. 1.
In the drawings:
The last coal lock of 1-bucket, coal lock bucket under the 2-, the 3-water-cooling jacket,
The 4-body of heater, the 5-gas exit, the 6-water-cooling jacket,
The 7-expansion joint, the 8--vapor-nozzle, the 9-oxygen jet,
10--solidifies and melts the flux shielding layer, 11--oxidation fusion pond, and 12-blowing out slag-drip opening,
13-top water disintegrating slag pin bucket, 14-bottom water slag pin bucket, the 15-riser of slagging tap,
The 16-spiral propeller, the 17-reduction section, the 18-dryer section,
The 19-retort section, 20-coal sparger, 21--fines downtake,
22-annular space, 23-fines be the lock bucket down, the 24-fines bucket of locking,
The 25--drum, 26-hot water circulting pump, 27-slag bath.
Embodiment
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2; Said spiral-flow melting pond gasifier comprises that periphery is provided with the cylindrical furnace 4 of water-cooling jacket 6; Water-cooling jacket 6 is the big reducing round shape in little bottom, top, and big footpath, bottom inner core is connected to 1～3 in order to eliminate the expansion joint 7 of thermal stresses that temperature variation produces, and coal lock bucket 1 and following lock coal bunker 2 are equipped with in body of heater 4 tops; The upper furnace of body of heater 4 also is equipped with the coal sparger 20 of band water-cooling jacket 3 in following coal lock bucket 2 belows; It is characterized in that between the upper furnace inwall of body of heater 4 and the water-cooling jacket 3 of said coal sparger 20 annular space 22 being arranged, body of heater 4 one sides are provided with the gas exit 5 that is communicated with this annular space 22; The bottom of body of heater 4 is that oxidation fusion pond 11 and this oxidation fusion pond 11 are provided with relative oxidation fusion pond 11 at least one pair of oxygen jet 9 for tangential and symmetrical distribution; The burner hearth that rise from the bottom to top at 11 tops, said oxidation fusion pond is followed successively by reduction section 17, dryer section 18, retort section 19, and retort section 19 is positioned at said coal sparger 20 belows; 11 tops, oxidation fusion pond are provided with steam injector 8; The riser 15 of slagging tap of said body of heater 4 is located in the oxidation fusion pond 11 and is higher than this bottom, oxidation fusion pond, and riser 15 bottoms of slagging tap are connected to top water disintegrating slag pin bucket 13 and bottom water slag pin bucket 14; Oxidation fusion pond 11 sidewalls are provided with fines and send into mouth.
The fines of said oxidation fusion pond 11 sidewalls is sent into mouth and is connected to fines downtake 21, and these fines downtake 21 port are connected to fines under lock bucket 23 and lock with fines and struggle against 24; Spiral propeller 16 is housed in the fines downtake 21.
The said riser 15 of slagging tap is located at 11 centers, oxidation fusion pond and is higher than this bottom, oxidation fusion pond 300mm～400mm.
Said oxygen jet 9 is arranged a pair of for horizontal tangential.Oxygen jet 9 is located at riser 15 height of slagging tap with upper/lower positions.
During the stove operation; Be shaped as>=bulk of 3.5mm, granular fuel adds the stove from furnace roof through last coal lock bucket 1; The Paniculate coal of particle diameter≤3.5mm with smear coal; Lock bucket 23, fines downtake 21 under fines is locked bucket 24 and fines, two fines of 11 sidewalls are sent into a mouthful adding oxidation fusion pond 11 from said oxidation fusion pond; In coal, add fusing assistants such as a certain proportion of red stone, quicklime, cinder melting yield temperature (FT) is reduced to≤cinder softening temperature (DT), it is well liquid to form flowing property; Heat is emitted in the reaction of oxygen and carbon in the said oxidation fusion pond 11, forms certain high temperature, is liquid with the solid fuel melting, and is formed with the oxidation sludge melt pool of certain liquid level.
Said coal sparger 20 is rack-mount spheroid, and this spheroid is provided with cylinder water-cooling chuck 3 outward; Between this spheroid and cylinder water-cooling chuck 3 inwalls is the coal decline passway; The support of hollow communicates with cylinder water-cooling chuck 3.
Water-cooling jacket 6 inner cores of said reduction section 17 to gas exit 5 are provided with flame retardant coating.
Said water-cooling jacket (6) is formed cooling water circulation loop through pipeline with external drum 25.
Decline pipeline at said pipeline is provided with hot water circulting pump 26.
Blowing out slag-drip opening 12 is arranged at 11 bottoms, said oxidation fusion pond, and this slag-drip opening has quick-opening valve, and the valve core contact surface of said quick-opening valve has the anti-pyritous powder more than 1800 ℃ of one deck; When vapourizing furnace is out of service, open quick-opening valve, can be through this mouthful with all liquid slag discharges in the pond.
The present invention has gathered the advantage of various evaporating methods, and investment is more economized.
Claims (12)
1. spiral-flow melting pond gasifier; Comprise that periphery is provided with the cylindrical furnace of first water-cooling jacket (6) (4); First water-cooling jacket (6) is the big reducing round shape in little bottom, top; Big footpath, bottom inner core is connected to 1～3 in order to eliminate the expansion joint (7) of thermal stresses that temperature variation produces; Coal lock bucket (1) is housed at body of heater (4) top and following coal is locked bucket (2), and the upper furnace of body of heater (4) also is equipped with the coal sparger (20) with second water-cooling jacket (3) below following coal lock bucket (2), it is characterized in that; Between second water-cooling jacket (3) of the upper furnace inwall of body of heater (4) and said coal sparger (20) annular space (22) is arranged, body of heater (4) one sides are provided with the gas exit (5) that is communicated with this annular space (22); The bottom of body of heater (4) is that oxidation fusion pond (11) and this oxidation fusion pond (11) are provided with relative oxidation fusion pond (11) at least one pair of oxygen jet (9) for tangential and symmetrical distribution; The burner hearth that rise from the bottom to top at top, said oxidation fusion pond (11) is followed successively by reduction section (17), dryer section (18), retort section (19), and retort section (19) is positioned at said coal sparger (20) below; Top, oxidation fusion pond (11) is provided with steam injector (8); The riser of slagging tap (15) of said body of heater (4) is located in the oxidation fusion pond (11) and is higher than this bottom, oxidation fusion pond, and the riser of slagging tap (15) bottom is connected to top water disintegrating slag pin bucket (13) and bottom water slag pin bucket (14); Oxidation fusion pond (11) sidewall is provided with fines and sends into mouth.
2. according to the said spiral-flow melting pond gasifier of claim 1; It is characterized in that; The fines of said oxidation fusion pond (11) sidewall is sent into mouth and is connected to fines downtake (21), this fines downtake (21) port is connected to fines under that lock struggles against (23) and fines is locked bucket (24); Spiral propeller (16) is housed in the fines downtake (21).
3. according to the said spiral-flow melting pond gasifier of claim 1; It is characterized in that; The said riser of slagging tap (15) is located at (11) center, oxidation fusion pond and is higher than this bottom, oxidation fusion pond 300mm～400mm; Make oxidation fusion pond (11) when gasifier operation, form the liquid slag bath of the high 300mm～400mm of liquid slag, slag flows down from the riser of slagging tap (15) at said center.
4. according to the said spiral-flow melting pond gasifier of claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said oxygen jet (9) is arranged a pair of to four pairs for horizontal tangential; Every pair is two, makes oxygen cause the interior melts in oxidation fusion pond (11) to form high speed rotary motion with higher speed from oxygen jet (9) ejection.
5. according to claim 1 or 3 said spiral-flow melting pond gasifiers, it is characterized in that oxygen jet (9) is located at the riser of slagging tap (15) height with upper/lower positions, promptly is located at below the fusion liquid level; Oxygen from oxygen jet (9) ejection, can not accumulate melt cinder in this nozzle with higher speed.
6. according to the said spiral-flow melting pond gasifier of claim 1; It is characterized in that: during gasifier operation; Be shaped as>=bulk of 3.5mm, granular fuel adds the stove from furnace roof through last coal lock bucket (1); The Paniculate coal of particle diameter≤3.5mm, lock bucket (23), fines downtake (21) under fines is locked bucket (24) and fines, one or two fines of sidewall is sent into a mouthful adding oxidation fusion pond (11) from said oxidation fusion pond (11); In the Paniculate coal of particle diameter≤3.5mm, add a certain proportion of red stone, quicklime, cinder melting yield temperature (FT) is reduced to≤cinder softening temperature (DT), it is well liquid to form flowing property; 1300 ℃ of high temperature of thermosetting are emitted in interior oxygen in said oxidation fusion pond (11) and carbon reaction, are liquid with the solid fuel melting, and are formed with the oxidation sludge melt pool of certain liquid level.
7. according to the said spiral-flow melting pond gasifier of claim 1; It is characterized in that; When oxidation fusion pond, said body of heater (4) bottom (11) is moved; Melts is met first water-cooling jacket (6) cooling and is formed the layer of annular cured article, sticks on first water-cooling jacket (6) wall, plays the effect that resistance to high temperature corrosion is protected first water-cooling jacket (6).
8. according to the said spiral-flow melting pond gasifier of claim 1, it is characterized in that said coal sparger (20) is rack-mount spheroid, this spheroid is provided with round shape second water-cooling jacket (3) outward; Between this spheroid and round shape second water-cooling jacket (3) inwall is the coal decline passway; The support of hollow communicates with round shape second water-cooling jacket (3).
9. according to the said spiral-flow melting pond gasifier of claim 1, it is characterized in that first water-cooling jacket (6) inner core of said reduction section (17) to gas exit (5) is provided with flame retardant coating.
10. according to the said spiral-flow melting pond gasifier of claim 1, it is characterized in that said first water-cooling jacket (6) is formed cooling water circulation loop through pipeline with external drum (25).
11. according to the said spiral-flow melting pond gasifier of claim 10, it is characterized in that, hot water circulting pump (26) be set at the decline pipeline of said pipeline.
12. according to the said spiral-flow melting pond gasifier of claim 1; It is characterized in that; Blowing out slag-drip opening (12) is arranged at said oxidation fusion pond (11) bottom, and this slag-drip opening has quick-opening valve, and the valve core contact surface of said quick-opening valve has the anti-pyritous powder more than 1300 ℃ of one deck; When vapourizing furnace is out of service, open quick-opening valve, through the blowing out slag-drip opening whole liquid slag in the pond are discharged.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| CN101982526B (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2013-09-11 | 安徽淮化股份有限公司 | Rich oxygen continuous gasification mixing device and technology for gas furnace of fixed bed gas furnace |
| CN102417832B (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2014-02-19 | 湖北双环科技股份有限公司 | Gasification furnace and method for gasifying molded coal |
| DE102012009265B4 (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2013-12-05 | L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude | Cooled ring gas collector |
| CN103436300B (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2016-03-30 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Multifunctional low-voltage water-cooling jacket vapourizing furnace |
| CN104004544A (en) * | 2014-05-10 | 2014-08-27 | 舒定涛 | Biomass gasifier capable of improving gas yield and combustion gas calorific value |
| CN105132023B (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2018-06-19 | 上海泽玛克敏达机械设备有限公司 | Block powder integration gasification furnace and the method for block powder integration gasification |
| JP7147409B2 (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2022-10-05 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | Method for smelting oxide ore |
| CN113351384B (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2022-09-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Bipyramid low consumption abrasionproof decreases hydrocyclone |
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