CN111635783A - Slag gasification reaction furnace for preparing carbon monoxide and gas preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Slag gasification reaction furnace for preparing carbon monoxide and gas preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111635783A
CN111635783A CN202010629884.2A CN202010629884A CN111635783A CN 111635783 A CN111635783 A CN 111635783A CN 202010629884 A CN202010629884 A CN 202010629884A CN 111635783 A CN111635783 A CN 111635783A
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China
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slag
gasification
combustion
gas
furnace
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楚灼夫
郑西欧
桂春辉
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Jiangxi Changyu Industrial Co ltd
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Jiangxi Changyu Industrial Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/30—Fuel charging devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/34—Grates; Mechanical ash-removing devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/52—Ash-removing devices
    • C10J3/526—Ash-removing devices for entrained flow gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
    • C10J3/60—Processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • C10J3/76—Water jackets; Steam boiler-jackets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/06—Modeling or simulation of processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
    • C10J2300/0909—Drying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1861—Heat exchange between at least two process streams
    • C10J2300/1884—Heat exchange between at least two process streams with one stream being synthesis gas
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention relates to a slag gasification reaction furnace for preparing carbon monoxide and a gas preparation method thereof, belonging to the fields of coal chemical industry, coke (containing semi coke) gasification, fuel gas and the like and relating to chemical engineering, chemical engineering processes, chemical machinery, instruments and automation technology. The device comprises a gasification furnace body, a slag hole, a combustion short section, a chilling chamber and an automatic coke feeder; the gasifier furnace body includes: the device comprises a shell, an upper cylinder, a hearth inlet, a gas outlet, lining refractory bricks, a water jacket, a gasifying agent nozzle, a water-cooling coil, a slag bath, a furnace cover and a large connecting flange; because the slag gasification and slag tapping are adopted, the gasification temperature is high, the carbon conversion rate is improved, the effective gas content is high, the operation energy consumption is low, the cost is low, the methane content is low, the raw coal adaptability is wide, the investment is saved, the equipment is completely made in China, the maintenance is convenient, the operation is simple and easy, the requirements of safety, environmental protection and energy conservation are met, and the method is an upgrade for the pure oxygen continuous gasification technology.

Description

Slag gasification reaction furnace for preparing carbon monoxide and gas preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a slag gasification reaction furnace for preparing carbon monoxide and a gas preparation method thereof, belonging to the fields of coal chemical industry, coke (containing semi coke) gasification, fuel gas and the like and relating to chemical engineering, chemical engineering processes, chemical machinery, instruments and automation technology.
Background
The traditional fixed bed intermittent gasification furnace (UGI) adopts a solid slag discharging mode, still operates in the nitrogen fertilizer production in China at present, but does not meet the industry development requirements in the aspects of single furnace treatment capacity, operation cost, coal adaptability, energy efficiency, environmental protection and the like; the fixed bed pure oxygen continuous gasification also adopts a solid slag discharging mode, which brings some breakthroughs to the technical development of the fixed bed, but also needs to further improve the pyrolysis gasification temperature, improve the effective gas components, protect the environment and the like.
At present, the BGL gasification technology adopts a liquid state slag discharging mode, but the liquid state slag discharging mode is complex to control, the equipment manufacturing and processing difficulty is high, part of key equipment needs to be imported, the operation reliability is low, the investment is large, and meanwhile, the pressurized crude gas has high methane content, so that the BGL gasification technology is not beneficial to the production of synthetic ammonia and methanol.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the traditional solid slag discharging mode of a fixed bed is changed into liquid slag discharging, the gasification temperature is high and directly leads to the improvement of carbon conversion rate due to the adoption of slag gasification, the effective gas content is high, the operation energy consumption is low, the cost is low, the methane content is low, the raw coal adaptability is wide, the investment is saved, the equipment is completely domesticated, the maintenance is convenient, the operation is simple and easy, the requirements of safety, environmental protection and energy conservation are met, and the invention is an upgrade to a pure oxygen continuous gasification technology.
In order to achieve the above object and solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
a slag gasification reaction furnace for preparing carbon monoxide comprises a gasification furnace body, a slag hole, a combustion short section, a chilling chamber and an automatic coke feeder;
the gasifier furnace body includes: the device comprises a shell, an upper cylinder, a hearth inlet, a gas outlet, lining refractory bricks, a water jacket, a gasifying agent nozzle, a water-cooling coil, a slag bath, a furnace cover and a large connecting flange;
the hearth inlet is connected with a lower distributor flange of the automatic coke feeder;
the furnace cover is connected with the upper cylinder, and the coal gas outlet is positioned on the furnace cover;
the upper barrel body is connected with the slag pool through a large flange;
the gasification agent nozzle is connected with the slag pool;
the upper part of the slag hole is connected with a slag pool, and the lower part of the slag hole is connected with a combustion short section by a flange;
the upper part of the combustion short section is connected with a slag hole by a flange, and the lower part of the combustion short section is connected with a chilling chamber by a flange;
the bell jar is connected with the shell of the combustion nipple;
the combustion burner is connected with the shell of the combustion nipple; the sight glass is connected with the shell of the combustion nipple;
the upper end of a chilling tank of the chilling chamber is connected with the lower part of the combustion nipple by a flange; the lower end of the chilling tank is connected with a slag feeding valve;
the chilling ring is connected with the chilling tank;
the upper end of the upper slag valve is connected with the chilling tank, and the lower end of the upper slag valve is connected with the slag containing tank;
the upper end of the slag discharging valve is connected with the slag containing tank;
the chilling water inlet is connected with the chilling chamber; the exhaust port is connected with the slag containing tank;
and a flange of a lower distributing valve of the automatic coke feeder is connected with an inlet of a hearth of the gasification furnace.
Furthermore, the gasifier body, the slag hole, the combustion short section, the chilling chamber and the automatic coke feeder are all split structures and are connected by flanges.
Furthermore, the upper part of the gasification furnace body is made of a lining refractory material, the middle part of the gasification furnace body is a half-pipe type water jacket, and the lower part of the gasification furnace body adopts an annular coil pipe type water-cooled wall. According to the natural circulation design, the system operates according to forced circulation, and even if the water supply cannot be forced in a fault, the water system can still naturally circulate, so that the gasification safety stop is ensured. The water jacket and the water-cooled wall are internally cooled by demineralized water circulation to protect a furnace shell, and are provided with a steam pocket to produce a byproduct of steam;
furthermore, the slag hole of the gasification furnace comprises a heat-resistant slag hole, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, wherein the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are respectively arranged on two sides of the heat-resistant slag hole.
The position of the heat-resistant slag hole is a slag temperature control area, and the side surface of the slag temperature control area is a flow field control area.
A process for preparing CO gas from the molten slag gasifying reactor includes such steps as counter-current contact between the high-temp gas generated by lower part of said gasifying reactor and the raw material from the inlet of furnace, drying at less than 500 deg.C by hot gas while removing water, moving the dried carbon layer down to 500-900 deg.C for dry distillation, heating the volatile substance released by decomposing raw material, gasifying, reacting with the gas from combustion region, cooling, gasifying, raising the temp of raw material, mixing with the gas CO, and mixing with the gas CO2Oxygen enters the bottom of the gasification furnace through a gasification agent nozzle in a high-speed airflow, the oxygen rapidly reacts with coal in a combustion area to release a large amount of heat, the temperature of a combustion center is as high as 1800-2000 ℃, so that ash in raw materials is melted and mixed with a fluxing agent to form free-flowing liquid ash, and the ash is retained in a slag pool;
oxygen and fuel gas are combusted through a combustion nozzle, high-temperature flue gas is generated to maintain the molten slag at the slag opening of the gasification furnace in a flowing state, static pressure generated by the molten slag at the bottom of a slag pool is supported by flame tension generated by combustion, differential pressure is generated between a combustion nipple and a hearth of the gasification furnace, slag is discharged by utilizing the differential pressure by reducing the pressure of the combustion nipple, non-infusible vitreous broken slag is formed after water chilling, and the glass broken slag is discharged from a slag containing tank through a slag discharging valve.
Further, the gas ignition of the combustion burner can adopt electronic ignition or manual ignition.
Furthermore, the slag gasification reaction furnace operates at normal pressure of 90KPa or 3.98 MPa.
Furthermore, the gasifying agent nozzle adopts a special structural form of an air and water jacket for cooling, and a cooling water inlet pipe extends deep to the head of the gasifying agent nozzle. The cooling water is ensured to flow effectively, dead corners are avoided, the nozzle is protected, and long-period operation is ensured.
The heat-resistant slag notch of the slag notch has strong heat resistance, oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance.
Annular circulating airflow is formed in the combustion nipple, and the flow field distribution is uniform and reasonable.
The gasification agent nozzle of the gasification furnace body realizes automatic matching of carbon dioxide and pure oxygen and can be automatically started and stopped. The combustion nozzle in the combustion nipple, gas and pure oxygen can also realize automatic matching and can be automatically started and stopped. And a system one-key parking button is arranged to ensure the intrinsic safety.
The chilling ring is arranged in the chilling chamber, so that a large amount of water vapor is not generated at the moment when the liquid slag enters the water surface, the heat is taken away quickly, and the stability of the liquid level in the chilling chamber can be basically kept.
The raw materials are widely applicable, semi-coke, petroleum coke, anthracite and the like can be gasified, and the granularity is required to be more than 6 mm.
The invention can avoid the high-speed airflow from directly scouring the furnace wall of the gasification furnace, and the airflow is more uniformly distributed in the hearth and the flow field is reasonably distributed.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the invention relates to a slag gasifier for preparing CO and a gas preparation method thereof, which belongs to clean coal technology. The raw materials are fed by an automatic coke feeder from the top, the raw gas is discharged from the top side of the upper part, the gasifying agent is sprayed into the furnace from the lower part, and the molten liquid slag is quenched by a chilling chamber and discharged from the bottom. The gas-solid countercurrent contact in the gasification furnace leads the generated ash and unreacted substances to be sprayed into oxygen through the gasification melting chamber and the gasification agent nozzle after the gasification of the carbon-containing substances, and the oxygen is combusted and reacted to generate high-temperature molten liquid slag, thus improving the pyrolysis gasification reaction temperature, converting the gas into relatively clean high-purity CO gas through the gasification, and having extremely high practical application value.
2. The invention relates to a slag gasifier for preparing CO and a gas preparation method thereof, which are intrinsically safe gasification technologies. The middle part of the furnace body is a half-pipe jacketed water-cooled wall, the furnace bottom is an annular coil pipe type water-cooled wall, and deoxygenated water is adopted for circulating cooling in the water-cooled wall to protect the furnace shell and be provided with a steam pocket and by-product steam. Meanwhile, the system is designed according to natural circulation and operates according to forced circulation, a water system can naturally circulate to ensure gasification safety even if special faults cannot forcibly supply water, and a system one-key parking button is arranged to be used for emergency parking so as to ensure intrinsic safety.
3. The invention relates to a slag gasifier for preparing CO and a gas preparation method thereof, which belong to energy-saving and environment-friendly gasification technologies.
The gasification technology organically combines the entrained flow bed gasification technology with the fixed bed pure oxygen continuous gasification technology, not only gives full play to the advantages of high gasification temperature, high effective gas content, environmental friendliness and the like of the entrained flow bed technology, but also gives full play to the advantages of high heat efficiency, investment saving and quick response of the countercurrent contact of the raw materials and the coal gas in the furnace of the fixed bed technology, truly makes up for the deficiencies of the entrained flow bed gasification technology and realizes the upgrade of the coal gasification technology; the carbon conversion rate can reach more than 99 percent; the effective gas component of the coal gas is high, but the investment of the same scale is less; the consumption of various materials such as coal, oxygen, carbon dioxide and the like is low; the waste water treatment capacity of the device is small and easy to treat, the waste residue is non-leaching and pollution-free and can be utilized, and the ash can be used for making bricks, cement or other building materials or safely backfilled; no waste gas emission and environmental protection;
the gasification wastewater mainly comes from condensed steam discharged after raw materials are dried in a furnace, has small water amount and high concentration of organic matter content, and can be separated and treated at lower cost to recover phenol, tar and the like. Or can be completely recycled as the process or cooling water for recycling after adopting the advanced water treatment technology.
4. Preferably, the gasification agent nozzle and the combustion burner are both patent designs formed by data simulation and modeling optimization. The installation ports are specially arranged and arranged at an angle to generate opposite impact, so that the inner wall of the gasification furnace can be prevented from being directly scoured by high-speed airflow, the airflow is more uniformly distributed in the furnace, and the flow field distribution is more reasonable.
5. The invention can be operated at normal pressure to 90KPa, is suitable for normal pressure and low pressure gasification, and can also be pressurized gasification under 3.98 MPa.
6. Preferably, the gasifying agent can be steam, oxygen, carbon dioxide and air.
7. The invention has the advantages of optimal selection, simple operation and maintenance, reliable operation and all the devices are made in the home.
8. The invention is preferable that the gasification furnace can be used for processing raw materials such as dry pulverized coal, coal water slurry (containing waste water) and the like by burning and adding part of the raw materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a slag gasification reactor according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a slag hole of the slag gasifier of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1-2, a slag gasification reaction furnace for preparing carbon monoxide comprises a gasification furnace body 24, a slag hole 8, a combustion short section 6 and an automatic coke feeder 17 of a chilling chamber 4;
the gasifier body 24 includes: the device comprises a shell 12, an upper barrel 13, a hearth inlet 16, a coal gas outlet 20, lining refractory bricks 14, a water jacket 11, a gasifying agent nozzle 10, a water-cooling coil pipe 25, a slag pool 9, a furnace cover 15 and a large connecting flange 21;
the hearth inlet 16 is connected with a lower distributor flange 19 of an automatic coke feeder 17;
the furnace cover 15 is connected with the upper barrel 13, and the coal gas outlet 20 is positioned on the furnace cover 15;
the upper cylinder body 13 is connected with the slag pool 9 by a large flange 21;
the gasifying agent nozzle 10 is connected with the slag pool 9;
the upper part of the slag hole 8 is connected with a slag pool 9, and the lower part is connected with a combustion nipple 6 by a flange 22;
the upper part of the combustion nipple 6 is connected with the slag hole 8 by a flange 22, and the lower part is connected with the chilling chamber 4 by a flange 23;
the bell jar 26 is connected with the shell of the combustion nipple 6;
the combustion burner 7 is connected with the shell of the combustion nipple 6; the sight glass 27 is connected with the shell of the combustion nipple 6;
the upper end of a chilling tank 4 of the chilling chamber is connected with the lower part of a combustion nipple 6 by a flange 23; the lower end of the quenching tank 4 is connected with the slag feeding valve 3;
the chilling ring 5 is connected with the chilling tank 4;
the upper end of the upper slag valve 3 is connected with the chilling tank 4, and the lower end of the upper slag valve 3 is connected with the slag containing tank 2;
the upper end of the slag discharging valve 1 is connected with the slag containing tank 2;
the chilling water inlet is connected with the chilling chamber 4; the exhaust port is connected with the slag containing tank 2;
and a flange of a lower distribution valve of the automatic coke feeder 17 is connected with a hearth inlet 16 of the gasification furnace.
Further, the gasifier body 24, the slag hole 8, the combustion nipple 6, the chilling chamber 4 and the automatic coke feeder 17 are all of split structures and are connected through flanges.
Further, the upper part of the gasification furnace body 24 is lined with refractory material 15, the middle part of the gasification furnace body 24 is a semi-tubular water jacket 12, and the lower part of the gasification furnace body 24 adopts an annular coil tube type water-cooled wall 25.
Further, the gasification furnace slag hole 8 comprises a heat-resistant slag hole 30, a water inlet pipe 29 and a water outlet pipe 31, wherein the water inlet pipe 29 and the water outlet pipe 31 are respectively arranged on two sides of the heat-resistant slag hole 30.
At the refractory slag notch 30 is a slag temperature control zone 28 and at the side of the slag temperature control zone 28 is a flow field control zone 32.
Example two
A novel gas making method for preparing carbon monoxide by using a slag gasification reaction furnace is characterized in that high-temperature coal gas generated at the lower part of the slag gasification reaction furnace is in countercurrent contact with raw materials from a hearth inlet 16, the temperature of a drying area is less than 500 ℃, the raw materials are heated and dried by hot coal gas, moisture is removed from the raw materials, a dried carbon layer continuously moves downwards to enter a carbonization area at 500-900 ℃, volatile substances released by thermal decomposition of the raw materials enter a gasification area, after a series of balanced endothermic reactions with gas from a combustion area, crude coal gas is cooled, the raw materials are partially gasified, the temperature of the raw materials is increased to enter the combustion area, and the raw materials and the mixed gaseous CO are mixed2Oxygen enters the bottom of the gasification furnace through the gasification agent nozzle 10 in a high-speed airflow, the oxygen rapidly reacts with coal in a combustion area to release a large amount of heat, the temperature of a combustion center is as high as 1800-2000 ℃, so that ash in raw materials is melted and mixed with a fluxing agent to form free-flowing liquid ash, and the ash is retained in a slag pool;
oxygen and fuel gas are combusted through the combustion nozzle 7, high-temperature flue gas is generated to maintain the molten slag at the slag hole 8 of the gasification furnace in a flowing state, static pressure generated by the molten slag at the bottom of the molten slag pool 9 is supported by flame tension generated by combustion, differential pressure is generated between the combustion nipple 6 and the hearth 13 of the gasification furnace, slag discharge is realized by reducing the pressure of the combustion nipple 6 and utilizing the differential pressure, vitreous broken slag is formed after water chilling, and the slag is discharged from the slag containing tank 2 through the slag discharging valve 1.
Further, the gas ignition of the combustion burner 7 can be electronic ignition or manual ignition.
Furthermore, the slag gasification reaction furnace operates at normal pressure of 90KPa or 3.98 MPa.
Further, the gasifying agent nozzles 10 are cooled by a water jacket, and a cooling water inlet pipe is deep to the head of the gasifying agent nozzles 10.
The raw material is fed from the top by an automatic coke feeder 17; a gasifying agent is sprayed into a slag pool 9 in the furnace from the lower part of the furnace at a certain flow velocity through a gasifying agent nozzle 10, gas-solid countercurrent contact reaction is carried out, and generated crude gas is discharged from the top side surface of a gas outlet 20 of an upper hearth; the molten slag is discharged from the bottom slag containing tank 2 through the slag discharging valve 1.
In order to ensure the effective flow of cooling water at the slag hole and protect the slag hole, the water inlet pipe 29 is particularly extended into the deepest part of the slag hole and adopts a special structure.
Oxygen and gas pass through the combustion burner 7 under a certain pressure, and after an electronic igniter or manual ignition, the oxygen and the gas are combusted to generate high-temperature flue gas so as to maintain the heat of the slag notch 30 and the slag pool 9 and support molten slag and other educts (such as iron and the like) in the slag pool 9. Differential pressure is generated between the combustion nipple 6 and the upper hearth 13 of the gasification furnace, and slag and precipitated iron are limited and pushed to be discharged downwards by reducing the pressure of the combustion nipple 6 and utilizing the differential pressure and the liquid level.
Liquid slag from a slag hole 30 is quenched by water in a chilling chamber, vitreous solids are rapidly crushed to form fine slag particles, the fine slag particles are temporarily precipitated from an upper chilling chamber 4 and a slag charging valve 3 to a slag containing tank 2, when a certain amount of slag is accumulated, slag discharging operation is carried out, the slag charging valve 3 is closed, slag water discharged from a slag discharging valve 1 is opened to a sedimentation tank, and clear water flows to a clear water tank for recycling.
The lower distributing valve of the automatic coke feeder 17 is connected with the hearth inlet 16 of the gasification furnace, the hopper 18 is connected with the upper gate valve and is connected with the slide sieve, after passing through the sieve powder, the hopper is controlled by an oil pressure gate valve, and after entering the program feeding valve, the automatic coal feeding is realized through the up-and-down action of the lower distributing valve.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the spirit and scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design concept of the present invention, and the technical contents of the present invention are all described in the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A slag gasification reaction furnace for preparing carbon monoxide is characterized in that: the device comprises a gasification furnace body (24), a slag hole (8), a combustion short section (6), a chilling chamber (4) and an automatic coke feeder (17);
the gasification furnace body (24) comprises: the device comprises a shell (12), an upper barrel (13), a hearth inlet (16), a coal gas outlet (20), lining refractory bricks (14), a water jacket (11), gasifying agent nozzles (10), water-cooling coil pipes (25), a slag bath (9), a furnace cover (15) and a large connecting flange (21);
the hearth inlet (16) is connected with a lower distributor flange (19) of the automatic coke feeder (17);
the furnace cover (15) is connected with the upper barrel (13), and the coal gas outlet (20) is positioned on the furnace cover (15);
the upper cylinder (13) is connected with the slag pool (9) by a large flange (21);
the gasifying agent nozzle (10) is connected with the slag pool (9);
the upper part of the slag hole (8) is connected with a slag pool (9), and the lower part of the slag hole is connected with the combustion nipple (6) by a flange (22);
the upper part of the combustion nipple (6) is connected with the slag hole (8) by a flange (22), and the lower part of the combustion nipple is connected with the chilling chamber (4) by a flange (23);
the bell jar (26) is connected with the shell of the combustion nipple (6);
the combustion burner (7) is connected with the shell of the combustion nipple (6); the sight glass (27) is connected with the shell of the combustion nipple (6);
the upper end of a quenching tank (4) of the quenching chamber is connected with the lower part of a combustion nipple (6) by a flange (23); the lower end of the quenching tank (4) is connected with the slag feeding valve (3);
the chilling ring (5) is connected with the chilling tank (4);
the upper end of the upper slag valve (3) is connected with the quenching tank (4), and the lower end of the upper slag valve (3) is connected with the slag containing tank (2);
the upper end of the slag discharging valve (1) is connected with the slag containing tank (2);
the chilling water inlet is connected with the chilling chamber (4); the exhaust port is connected with the slag containing tank (2);
and a flange of a lower distributing valve of the automatic coke feeder (17) is connected with a hearth inlet (16) of the gasification furnace.
2. A slag gasification reactor for the production of carbon monoxide according to claim 1 wherein: the gasification furnace body (24), the slag hole (8), the combustion short section (6), the chilling chamber (4) and the automatic coke feeder (17) are of split structures and are connected through flanges.
3. A slag gasification reactor for the production of carbon monoxide according to claim 1 wherein: the upper part of the gasification furnace body (24) is provided with a lining refractory material (15), the middle part of the gasification furnace body (24) is provided with a half-pipe type water jacket (12), and the lower part of the gasification furnace body (24) adopts an annular coil pipe type water-cooled wall (25).
4. A slag gasification reactor for the production of carbon monoxide according to claim 1 wherein: the gasification furnace slag hole (8) comprises a heat-resistant slag hole (30), a water inlet pipe (29) and a water outlet pipe (31), wherein the water inlet pipe (29) and the water outlet pipe (31) are respectively arranged on two sides of the heat-resistant slag hole (30);
a slag temperature control area (28) is arranged at the position of the heat-resistant slag hole (30), and a flow field control area (32) is arranged on the side surface of the slag temperature control area (28).
5. A gas making method for preparing carbon monoxide by using a slag gasification reaction furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps:
high-temperature coal gas generated at the lower part of the slag gasification reaction furnace is in countercurrent contact with raw materials from a hearth inlet (16), the temperature of a drying zone is less than 500 ℃, the raw materials are heated and dried by hot coal gas, water is removed, a dried carbon layer continuously moves downwards to enter a carbonization zone at 500-900 ℃, volatile substances released by the decomposition of the raw materials by heating enter a gasification zone, after a series of balanced endothermic reactions with gas from a combustion zone, crude coal gas is cooled, the raw materials are partially gasified, meanwhile, the temperature of the raw materials is increased to enter the combustion zone and are mixed with gaseous CO2Oxygen enters the bottom of the gasification furnace through a gasification agent nozzle (10) in high-speed airflow, and the oxygen rapidly reacts with coal in a combustion area to release a large amount of heat for combustionThe central temperature is as high as 1800-2000 ℃, so that ash in the raw materials is melted and mixed with a fluxing agent to form free-flowing liquid ash, and the ash is retained in a slag pool;
oxygen and fuel gas are combusted through a combustion nozzle (7) and generate high-temperature flue gas to maintain the molten slag at a slag port (8) of the gasification furnace in a flowing state, static pressure generated by the molten slag at the bottom of a molten slag pool (9) is supported by using flame tension generated by combustion, differential pressure is generated between a combustion short section (6) and a hearth (13) of the gasification furnace, slag is discharged by reducing the pressure of the combustion short section (6) and utilizing the differential pressure, non-infusible vitreous slag is formed after water chilling, and is discharged from a slag containing tank (2) through a slag discharging valve (1).
6. The gas making method for producing carbon monoxide using the slag gasification reaction furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: the gas ignition of the combustion burner (7) can adopt electronic ignition or manual ignition.
7. The gas making method for producing carbon monoxide using the slag gasification reaction furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: the slag gasification reaction furnace operates at normal pressure of 90KPa or 3.98 MPa.
8. The gas making method for producing carbon monoxide using the slag gasification reaction furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: the gasifying agent nozzle (10) is cooled in a water jacket mode, and a cooling water inlet pipe extends to the head of the gasifying agent nozzle (10).
CN202010629884.2A 2020-07-03 2020-07-03 Slag gasification reaction furnace for preparing carbon monoxide and gas preparation method thereof Pending CN111635783A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112646605A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-04-13 苏州允清环境能源科技有限公司 Double-layer furnace body fixed bed gasification furnace and organic solid waste gasification method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112646605A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-04-13 苏州允清环境能源科技有限公司 Double-layer furnace body fixed bed gasification furnace and organic solid waste gasification method
CN112646605B (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-08-06 苏州允清环境能源科技有限公司 Double-layer furnace body fixed bed gasification furnace and organic solid waste gasification method

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