CN103417253A - 包括能替换的钉仓组件的手术紧固件施加装置 - Google Patents

包括能替换的钉仓组件的手术紧固件施加装置 Download PDF

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CN103417253A
CN103417253A CN2013101989276A CN201310198927A CN103417253A CN 103417253 A CN103417253 A CN 103417253A CN 2013101989276 A CN2013101989276 A CN 2013101989276A CN 201310198927 A CN201310198927 A CN 201310198927A CN 103417253 A CN103417253 A CN 103417253A
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保罗·A·西里卡
埃里克·泰勒
彼得·哈瑟维
马修·J·乔瓦尼奇
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种包括能替换的钉仓组件的手术紧固件施加装置。手术紧固件施加装置包括钉仓接纳组件和能够与钉仓接纳组件能释放地接合的钉仓组件。钉仓组件包括壳体和刀具组件,刀具组件具有能从初始位置平移到展开位置的刀具和能够在贮存位置与使用位置之间枢转的刀具保护件,在贮存位置中刀具保护件基本上包围刀具构件,在使用位置中刀具构件被露出以便平移通过壳体。刀具保护件接合到刀具构件使得刀具构件的平移使保护件转动到使用位置。

Description

包括能替换的钉仓组件的手术紧固件施加装置
技术领域
本公开涉及手术紧固件施加装置,并且更特别地涉及被配置为与用于夹持组织、吻合组织及切割组织的手术紧固件施加装置一起使用的能替换的钉仓组件。
背景技术
这样的手术紧固件施加装置是公知的:其中组织首先被抓取和夹持在相对的钳夹结构之间并且然后借助于手术紧固件而被连结。在一些此类的装置中,提供刀具以切割已经由紧固件连结的组织。紧固件通常为手术吻合钉的形式,但是还可使用其他的手术紧固件,诸如例如夹子或两部分式聚合手术紧固件。
如上面提到的,手术紧固件施加装置典型地包括两个相对的钳夹结构,其用于捕获或夹持在它们之间的组织。典型地,钳夹结构中的一个承载钉仓组件,所述钉仓组件容纳以至少两个横排布置的多个吻合钉,而另一个钳夹结构包括砧座,所述砧座限定了当从钉仓组件推出吻合钉时使吻合钉钉腿成形的表面。在使用两部分式紧固件的情况下,包括砧座的钳夹结构承载两部分式紧固件的配合部分,例如接纳件。通常,吻合钉成形过程受在一个或多个纵向地移动的凸轮系统构件和一系列单独的吻合钉推动器之间的相互作用影响。
在凸轮系统构件纵向地行进通过钉仓组件时,各个吻合钉推动器被向上偏置到在钉仓组件内支撑的吻合钉的钉冠中以从钉仓中顺序地射出吻合钉。在提供刀具的情况下,刀具跟随凸轮系统构件并且在各排吻合钉之间行进以切割在各排已成形的吻合钉之间的组织。
为了对单个患者执行多次夹持、吻合、以及切割操作,已经研发了包括能替换的钉仓组件的手术紧固件施加装置。这样,在第一次操作之后,已使用的钉仓组件被新的钉仓组件替换以用于随后的操作。能够理解的是,期望将刀具结合到能替换的钉仓组件中使得为每次操作都被提供新的、锋利的刀具。
发明内容
根据本公开,提供了手术紧固件施加装置。手术紧固件施加装置包括钉仓接纳组件以及能够与所述钉仓接纳组件能释放地接合的钉仓组件。所述钉仓组件包括刀具组件和被配置为容纳多个手术紧固件的钉仓壳体。所述刀具组件包括:刀具构件,其被配置为平移通过所述钉仓壳体而从初始位置到展开位置;以及刀具保护件,其能枢转地联接到所述钉仓壳体并且能够在贮存位置与使用位置之间移动,在所述贮存位置中所述刀具保护件基本上包围所述刀具构件,在所述使用位置中所述刀具构件被露出以便平移通过所述钉仓壳体。所述刀具保护件与所述刀具构件接合使得所述刀具构件远离所述初始位置的平移推动所述刀具保护件以从所述贮存位置转动到所述使用位置并且使得所述刀具构件从展开位置返回到所述贮存位置的平移推动所述刀具保护件以从所述使用位置转动回到所述贮存位置。
在实施例中,刀具保护件限定了凸轮轨道,并且所述刀具构件包括能释放地接合到所述凸轮轨道内的保护销。
在实施例中,所述刀具构件从所述初始位置到展开位置的平移推动所述保护销通过所述凸轮轨道以使所述刀具保护件从所述贮存位置转动到所述使用位置。
在实施例中,所述刀具构件到进一步展开位置的进一步平移推动所述保护销以离开所述刀具保护件的所述凸轮轨道。
在实施例中,所述刀具构件向所述初始位置的返回推动所述保护销以进入所述刀具保护件的所述凸轮轨道并且平移通过所述刀具保护件的所述凸轮轨道以使所述刀具保护件从所述使用位置转动回到所述贮存位置。
在实施例中,所述钉仓接纳组件包括驱动螺杆和驱动构件。所述驱动构件绕所述驱动螺杆靠螺纹接合使得所述驱动螺杆的转动引起所述驱动构件的平移。
在实施例中,所述钉仓组件还包括致动滑块,所述致动滑块能滑动地布置在所述钉仓壳体内并且被配置为平移通过所述钉仓壳体以从所述钉仓壳体射出手术紧固件。
在实施例中,所述驱动构件沿第一方向的平移推动所述致动滑块和所述刀具构件以沿所述第一方向平移通过所述钉仓壳体,以便分别从所述钉仓壳体射出手术紧固件并切割组织。
在实施例中,所述驱动构件能够与所述刀具构件接合使得所述驱动构件沿第二、相反方向的平移拖动所述刀具构件以沿所述第二、相反方向平移。
在实施例中,所述手术紧固件施加装置还包括砧座组件,所述砧座组件能够相对于所述钉仓接纳组件在打开位置与闭合位置之间移动以便夹持在所述砧座组件与所述钉仓接纳组件之间的组织。
在实施例中,所述驱动构件包括凸轮销,其被配置为插入到在所述砧座构件内限定的相应的狭槽中并且平移通过所述相应的狭槽,以便在所述驱动构件沿第一方向平移时使所述砧座构件从所述打开位置移动到所述闭合位置。
在实施例中,所述刀具保护件包括从所述刀具保护件延伸出的凸出部,使得在所述刀具保护件被布置在所述使用位置中时,所述凸出部抵靠所述砧座组件以限定在所述砧座组件与所述钉仓组件之间的最小间隙距离。
根据本公开还提供了手术套件。所述手术套件包括手术紧固件施加装置,所述手术紧固件施加装置包括具有驱动构件的钉仓接纳组件和砧座组件,所述砧座组件能够相对于所述钉仓接纳组件在打开位置与闭合位置之间移动以便夹持所述砧座组件与所述钉仓接纳组件之间的组织。所述套件还包括多个钉仓组件。每个钉仓组件均能释放地与所述钉仓接纳组件接合,并且包括刀具组件和被配置为容纳多个手术紧固件的钉仓壳体。每个钉仓组件的刀具组件均包括刀具构件和刀具保护件。刀具构件被配置为平移通过所述钉仓壳体以切割组织,而刀具保护件能枢转地联接到所述钉仓壳体并且能够在贮存位置与使用位置之间移动,在所述贮存位置中所述刀具保护件基本上包围所述刀具构件,在所述使用位置中所述刀具构件被露出以便平移通过所述钉仓壳体。
在实施例中,每个钉仓组件还包括致动滑块,所述致动滑块能滑动地布置在所述钉仓壳体内并且被配置为平移通过所述钉仓壳体以在所述驱动构件平移通过所述钉仓壳体时从所述钉仓壳体射出手术紧固件。
在实施例中,刀具构件从初始位置到展开位置的平移推动所述刀具保护件以从所述贮存位置转动到所述使用位置。
在实施例中,所述刀具构件到进一步展开位置的进一步平移推动所述刀具构件以与所述刀具保护件分开。
在实施例中,所述刀具构件向所述初始位置的返回推动所述刀具保护件以从所述使用位置转动回到所述贮存位置。
根据本公开还提供了手术方法。所述方法包括:提供末端执行器组件,所述末端执行器组件包括砧座组件和具有驱动构件的钉仓接纳组件;将第一钉仓组件与所述钉仓接纳组件接合;以及使所述驱动构件沿第一方向平移通过所述第一钉仓组件以使砧座组件相对于所述第一钉仓组件逐渐地接近,以便夹持所述砧座组件与所述第一钉仓组件之间的组织,使所述第一刀具保护件从贮存位置转动到使用位置,从所述第一钉仓组件顺序地射出第一多个手术紧固件,并且使所述第一刀具构件沿所述第一方向平移通过所述第一钉仓组件以切割在手术紧固件之间的组织。
在实施例中,所述方法进一步包括:使所述驱动构件沿第二方向平移通过所述第一钉仓组件以使所述第一刀具构件沿所述第二方向平移通过所述第一钉仓组件,使所述第一刀具保护件从所述使用位置转动回到所述贮存位置,并且使所述砧座组件与所述第一钉仓组件逐渐地间隔开。此后,所述第一钉仓组件与所述钉仓接纳组件分开,并且第二钉仓组件与钉仓接纳组件接合。
在实施例中,所述方法进一步包括:使所述驱动构件沿所述第一方向平移通过所述第二钉仓组件以使所述砧座组件相对于所述第二钉仓组件逐渐地接近,以便夹持所述第二钉仓组件与所述砧座组件之间的组织,使所述第二刀具保护件从贮存位置转动到使用位置,从所述第二钉仓组件顺序地射出所述第二多个手术紧固件,并且使所述第二刀具构件沿所述第一方向平移通过所述第二钉仓组件以切割在手术紧固件之间的组织。
附图说明
根据下面的详细说明,当与附图结合时,本公开的上述和其他的方案、特征、以及优势将变得更明显,其中:
图1是根据本公开提供的钉仓组件的前视立体图;
图1A是根据本公开提供的并且被配置为用于与图1的钉仓组件一起使用的内窥镜用、手持式手术紧固件施加装置的后视立体图;
图2是图1A的手术紧固件施加装置的包括图1的钉仓组件的末端执行器组件的分解图;
图3是图2中指示为“3”的细节区域的放大视图;
图4是图2中指示为“4”的细节区域的放大视图;
图5是图1A的手术紧固件施加装置的末端执行器组件的近端的纵向的截面图,其中驱动梁、刀具构件以及致动滑块处于它们各自的初始位置,并且其中刀具保护件处于贮存位置;
图5A-5D是示出刀具保护件从贮存位置转动到使用位置的示意性图示;
图6是图1A的手术紧固件施加装置的末端执行器组件的近端的纵向的截面图,示出向远侧平移通过末端执行器组件的驱动梁、刀具构件以及致动滑块,其中刀具保护件处于使用位置;
图6A-6D是示出刀具保护件从使用位置转动回到贮存位置的示意性图示;以及
图7是图1A的手术紧固件施加装置的末端执行器组件的近端的纵向的截面图,其中驱动梁、刀具构件已经返回到它们各自的初始位置,并且其中刀具保护件已经返回到贮存位置。
具体实施方式
参照附图详细地描述本公开的能替换的钉仓组件和被配置为与其一起使用的手术紧固件施加装置的实施例,其中在各幅图中,相似的附图标记标示类似的或相同的结构元件。如在此处所使用的,按照传统,术语“近侧”指的是装置或其部件的更接近使用者的端部,而术语远侧指的是装置或其部件的更远离使用者的端部。
现在转向图1,大体上示出了根据本公开而提供的由附图标记100标示的钉仓组件。能替换的钉仓组件100能够与手术紧固件施加装置的末端执行器组件(例如手术紧固件施加装置10的末端执行器组件30(参见图1A)或任何其他的合适的手术器械)能释放地接合,以有助于组织的夹持、吻合、以及切割。钉仓组件100被配置为能替换的、一次性部件,使得在每次连续的夹持、吻合、以及切割操作之后,使用过的钉仓组件100可被丢弃并且被新的钉仓组件100替换以便随后使用。此外,可以按照各种不同的配置来提供钉仓组件100,例如包括不同数量、尺寸、和/或配置的吻合钉,使得可根据待执行的特定操作来选择期望的钉仓组件100以便使用。钉仓组件100将在下文中被更详细地描述。
参照图1A,示出了被配置为与钉仓组件100一起使用的示例性手术紧固件施加装置10。手术紧固件施加装置10被配置为手持式、内窥镜用手术紧固件施加装置10并且大体上包括:马达驱动的手柄组件12,其具有从马达驱动的手柄组件12向远侧延伸的细长的构件20;以及末端执行器组件30,其被布置在细长的构件20的远端处。然而,也可以考虑将其他合适的手术紧固件施加装置(例如开放式手术紧固件施加装置、手动的手术紧固件施加装置等等)与钉仓组件100一起使用。
手术紧固件施加装置10的马达驱动的手柄组件12包括壳体14和用于启动末端执行器组件30的一个或多个致动器16,例如以便开始夹持、吻合、以及切割操作。壳体14容纳马达驱动的手柄组件12的内部的工作部件。马达驱动的手柄组件12还包括电池箱18,电池箱18被配置为在其内保持电池组(未示出)以便向马达驱动的手柄组件12提供电力。延伸通过细长的构件20的致动轴(未示出)被联接在马达驱动的手柄组件12与末端执行器组件30之间。更具体地,马达驱动的手柄组件12可操作地联接到致动轴(未示出),使得在致动时例如在一个或多个致动器16的致动时,致动轴(未示出)被驱动以致动末端执行器组件30从而夹持、吻合、并且切割组织。末端执行器组件30的结构和操作的详细的讨论可以在下面找到。马达驱动的手柄组件12的结构和操作的详细的讨论可以在于2009年11月20日提交的、并且发明名称为“手术操作台和手持式手术设备(Surgical Console and Hand-heldSurgical Device)”的第12/622,827号美国专利申请中找到,第12/622,827号美国专利申请的全部内容通过引用结合在此。
继续参照图1A,细长的构件20包括朝向细长的构件20的远端布置的能关节式运动的接头22。能关节式运动的接头22可操作地联接到手柄组件12,使得末端执行器组件30可相对于细长的构件20通过一个或多个致动器16的致动进行关节式运动。可选择地或另外地,可通过用户手动或通过手柄组件12上提供的任何合适的机构来使能关节式运动的接头22进行关节式运动。能关节式运动的接头22可包括被配置为允许末端执行器组件30相对于细长的构件20进行关节式运动的任何合适的关节式运动机构,诸如,例如,齿轮、导线、电缆、连接件,以及它们的组合。
另外参照图2,如上面提到的,末端执行器组件30被布置在细长的构件20的远端处。更具体地,末端执行器组件30可以能释放地与细长的构件20在其远端处(如图所示)例如经由卡口联接或其他合适的能释放的接合机构而接合,或者可以永久地紧固在细长的构件20的远端处。在任一配置中,末端执行器组件30包括近侧连接器组件32、砧座组件50、以及钉仓接纳组件60。如下面将详细描述的,钉仓接纳组件60被配置为能释放地接纳钉仓组件100,并且被固定地安装到近侧连接器组件32,近侧连接器组件32依次安装(例如,能释放地或固定地安装)在细长的构件20的远端处。砧座组件50能枢转地联接到近侧连接器组件32,使得砧座组件50能够相对于钉仓接纳组件60枢转,并且因此能够相对于接合在钉仓接纳组件60内的钉仓组件100在打开位置(其中砧座组件50和钉仓组件100彼此间隔开)与闭合位置(其中砧座组件50与钉仓组件100紧密地靠近以夹持在其两者之间的组织)之间枢转。然而,还设想出这种配置被颠倒,例如,其中砧座组件50被安装到近侧连接器组件32并且钉仓接纳组件60能相对于砧座组件50枢转。可选择地,末端执行器组件30可限定对称的配置,例如,其中钉仓接纳组件60和砧座组件50两者均能相对于彼此和近侧连接器组件32枢转。
近侧连接器组件32通常包括安装构件34、联接构件40、以及驱动轴45。驱动轴45被布置在安装构件34内并且经由轴套46可旋转地接合在安装构件34内。相对于钉仓接纳组件60的驱动螺杆80离轴地定向驱动轴45,使得相对于驱动螺杆80沿非平行的方向(例如以非零角)布置驱动轴45。驱动轴45包括近侧部45a和远侧部45b。驱动轴45的近侧部45a被配置为通过致动轴(未示出)接合,所述致动轴能操作地联接到手柄组件12并且从手柄组件12延伸出,而驱动轴45的远侧部45b被配置为接合驱动螺杆80。因此,驱动轴45可操作地联接致动轴(未示出)和驱动螺杆80,使得致动轴(未示出)的致动例如经由一个或多个致动器16的致动而致动末端执行器组件30以夹持、吻合、并且切割组织。
近侧连接器组件32的安装构件34包括一对间隔开的、向远侧延伸的延伸部35,这对延伸部35被配置为在两者之间接纳砧座组件50的凸缘57。延伸部35各自限定了贯穿延伸部35的孔36,孔36被配置为用于接纳用于将砧座组件50能枢转地联接到安装构件34的销48。偏置构件49(例如盘簧)被紧固在安装构件34内并且在延伸部35之间延伸。偏置构件49被布置在安装构件34的内部支承表面(未明示出)与砧座组件50的凸缘57之间,以朝向打开位置偏置砧座组件50。
每个延伸部35还包括限定在其向外朝向的表面内的凹陷37。凹陷37被配置为接纳钉仓接纳组件60的翼片67,而销48被配置为延伸通过延伸部35的孔36并且通过限定在翼片67内的孔67a。这样,虽然钉仓接纳组件60经由销48接合到安装构件34,但是由于翼片67定位在凹陷37内所以钉仓接纳组件60相对于安装构件34的能枢转的转动被抑制。
继续参照图1至图2,近侧连接器组件32的联接构件40被联接到安装构件34的近端并且包括被限定为贯通其中的有螺纹的轴向镗孔42。安装构件34还包括在其内限定的有螺纹的轴向镗孔38,有螺纹的轴向镗孔38与联接构件40的镗孔42对准,使得安装构件34和联接构件40可经由螺栓42彼此紧固。联接构件40还包括从联接构件40向近侧延伸的一个或多个定位轴44,以在末端执行器组件30和细长的构件20彼此联接时有助于末端执行器组件30和细长的构件20的对准。
砧座组件50通常包括砧座构件52和砧座盖58。砧座构件52限定了紧固件成形表面,所述紧固件成形表面在末端执行器组件30被布置在闭合位置时通常与钉仓组件100的组织接触表面相对。砧座构件52的紧固件成形表面可包括多个紧固件凹座(未示出),所述紧固件凹座被配置为在驱动紧固件110从钉仓组件100进入砧座构件52的紧固件凹座(未示出)时接纳紧固件110并且使紧固件110在闭合配置中成形。砧座构件52还包括被限定为贯通其中的细长的垂直定向的狭槽53。
在砧座构件52周围安装砧座盖58并且砧座盖58被配置为保护组织不受布置在砧座组件50内的末端执行器组件30的移动部件的侵害。砧座盖58包括相对的安装翼件55,安装翼件55被配置为接合限定在砧座构件52内的相应的止动器56。在末端执行器组件30的闭合期间安装翼件55还将砧座构件52与钉仓组件100对准以有助于两者之间的恰当的对准。如上面所提到的,砧座盖58的凸缘57被配置为定位在近侧连接器组件32的安装构件34的延伸部35之间并且分别限定了用于经由销48将砧座组件50能枢转地联接到安装构件34的孔57a。
砧座组件50还包括细长的水平定向的狭槽54(图5),狭槽54被布置成与细长的垂直定向的狭槽53连通。水平定向的狭槽54(图5)可限定在砧座盖58与砧座构件52之间,同时如上面所提到的,垂直定向的狭槽53延伸通过砧座构件52。如下面将描述的,狭槽53、狭槽54的这种配置(图5)允许在发射期间使驱动梁90的凸轮销98在盖58与砧座构件52之间行进,以使砧座组件50和钉仓组件100接近并且将砧座组件50和钉仓组件100维持为彼此紧密地靠近,同时还允许驱动梁90的垂直支柱96通过并且相对于砧座组件50进行纵向平移。
末端执行器组件30的钉仓接纳组件60包括承载器62和板盖70。承载器62包括底座63以及第一和第二相对的壁64,第一和第二相对的壁64配合以限定纵向地延伸通过承载器62的通道65。承载器62的壁64各自限定了朝向其远端定位的用于将钉仓组件100能释放地接合在通道65内的接合凹口66。壁64还各自包括被布置在其近端处的用于例如经由销48将承载器62联接到近侧连接器组件32的安装构件34的翼片67。更具体地,翼片67被配置为接纳在限定于近侧连接器组件32的安装构件34内的相应的凹陷37内,使得通过与销48配合,承载器62固定地接合到安装构件34,即:在承载器62和安装构件34之间的相对运动基本上被抑制。承载器62的底座63限定了具有在远端处限定了套头69的纵向狭槽68。
承载器62的板盖70包括多个球形突出物72,球形突出物72被配置为接合在限定于承载器62内的相应的孔74内以将板盖70紧固到承载器62,但是可选择地,承载器62和板盖70可以任何其他合适的方式彼此接合。板盖70被配置为保护组织不受被布置在钉仓接纳组件60内的末端执行器组件30的移动部件的侵害。
继续参照图1至图2,末端执行器组件30还包括被布置在钉仓接纳组件60的承载器62内的轴向驱动螺杆80。更具体地,轴向驱动螺杆80包括:螺纹部81,其被布置在承载器62的底座63的纵向狭槽68内;近侧接合部82,其从钉仓接纳组件60向近侧延伸;以及远侧延伸部83,其被可旋转地布置在承载器62的底座63的纵向狭槽68的套头69内以将轴向驱动螺杆80保持在纵向狭槽68内,同时还允许轴向驱动螺杆80相对于承载器62的转动。轴向驱动螺杆80的近侧接合部82包括被配置为接合驱动轴45的远侧部45b的内螺纹连接构件84。这样,并且如在下面将更详细描述的,轴向驱动螺杆80将驱动轴45(驱动轴45由马达驱动的手柄组件12驱动)施加的旋转驱动力转换成驱动梁90(驱动梁90绕轴向驱动螺杆80靠螺纹接合)的纵向移动,以便驱动致动滑块130和刀具构件160以吻合并且随后分割组织。为了抑制轴向驱动螺杆80的除旋转运动之外的运动,止推板(thrust plate)85将轴向驱动螺杆80的近侧接合部82可旋转地紧固在近侧连接器组件32的联接构件40与安装构件34之间。更具体地,止推板85包括被配置用于在轴向驱动螺杆80的近侧接合部82周围定位的一对齿86,由此抑制轴向驱动螺杆80相对于近侧连接器组件32和钉仓接纳组件60的基本上横向运动、纵向运动以及向上运动,同时允许轴向驱动螺杆80绕它的纵向轴线的转动。
另外参照图4,末端执行器组件30还包括驱动梁90,驱动梁90能操作地联接到轴向驱动螺杆80(并且可与其形成为一体)并且能够选择性地平移通过钉仓组件100和钉仓接纳组件60且相对于钉仓组件100和钉仓接纳组件60选择性地平移。驱动梁90包括固位底脚92,固位底脚92具有被限定为贯通其中的有螺纹的镗孔94。轴向驱动螺杆80靠螺纹接合在驱动梁90的有螺纹的镗孔94内,使得驱动螺杆80的转动引起驱动梁90沿着轴向驱动螺杆80的纵向平移。驱动梁90还包括从底脚92向上延伸的垂直支柱96。如下面将更详细描述的,垂直支柱96将弹簧臂97接合在凹槽97a内,以用于将刀具构件160能释放地接合到驱动梁90。驱动梁90还包括朝向垂直支柱96的顶端横向地延伸通过垂直支柱96的横向的凸轮销98。凸轮销98被配置为用于插入限定在砧座组件50内的水平定向的狭槽54并且平移通过限定在砧座组件50内的水平定向的狭槽54(图5),以在发射期间抵靠身体组织和钉仓组件100而逐渐地夹持砧座组件50。如上所述,水平定向的狭槽54(图5)可被限定在砧座盖58与砧座构件52之间,从而允许驱动梁90的凸轮销98在发射期间在砧座盖58与砧座构件52之间行进。另一方面,砧座组件50的垂直定向的狭槽53(在图2中可见)容纳垂直支柱96,以允许驱动梁90相对于砧座组件50的平移。如在下面描述的,驱动梁90被配置为推动刀具构件160和致动滑动130通过钉仓组件100,以从钉仓组件100顺序地射出紧固件110从而吻合组织并且随后分割在各排紧固件100之间的组织。
再次参照图1至图2,如上文提到的,承载器62被配置为能释放地接纳钉仓组件100。更具体地,钉仓组件100被配置为经由翼片104的接合能释放地接合在承载器62所限定的通道65内,翼片104在承载器62的凹口66内自钉仓组件100的钉仓壳体102大体上向下并且向外延伸。钉仓组件100在通道65内(例如在壁64之间)的定位以及翼片104在凹口66内的接合起到限制钉仓组件100在承载器62内的横向运动、纵向运动以及向上运动,从而有助于确保钉仓组件100相对于砧座组件50的恰当的对准。
钉仓组件100包括钉仓壳体102,钉仓壳体102被配置为容纳多个手术紧固件110、多个相应的弹射器或推动器120、以及致动滑块130。致动滑块130包括多个凸轮楔132,凸轮楔132被配置为使得在致动滑块130平移通过钉仓壳体102时,致动滑块130的凸轮楔132将紧固件驱动力施加到推动器120上,以从钉仓壳体102推出紧固件110。更具体地,多个间隔开的纵向狭槽(未示出)延伸通过钉仓壳体以容纳致动滑块130的凸轮楔132,同时与纵向狭槽(未示出)连通的多个垂直狭槽106支撑多个紧固件110和推动器120,使得随着致动滑块130平移通过钉仓壳体102,凸轮楔132的成角度的前缘顺序地接触推动器120并且推动推动器120以在狭槽106内垂直地平移,由此从狭槽106推出紧固件110。钉仓壳体102进一步限定了中央纵向狭槽108以允许驱动梁90和刀具构件160在致动期间通过中央纵向狭槽108行进,并且底板140限定了狭槽142,狭槽142被配置为在钉仓组件100插入并且接合在钉仓接纳组件60内时允许驱动梁90通过而进入钉仓壳体102。
参照图1至图3,钉仓组件100还包括刀具组件150,刀具组件150具有能够选择性平移的刀具构件160和枢转地安装到钉仓壳体102的近侧延伸部109的刀具保护件170。刀具构件160包括底座162和从底座162大体上垂直地延伸出的垂直构件164。底座162被配置为平移通过钉仓壳体102并且限定了大于限定在钉仓壳体102内的中央纵向狭槽108的横向尺寸的横向尺寸,使得刀具构件160的底座160在平移通过钉仓壳体102期间被保持在钉仓壳体102内。底座162进一步被配置为在经由驱动梁90向远侧推动底座162时向远侧推动致动滑块130,以从钉仓组件100顺序地射出紧固件110。刀具构件160的垂直构件164限定了:远侧切割表面165,其被配置为在刀具构件160向远侧平移时有助于组织的切割;接合凹口167,其被配置为接纳弹簧臂件97(图4)的自由端以使刀具构件160和驱动梁90彼此能释放地接合;以及横向保护销169,其可操作地与刀具保护件170关联以用于在刀具保护件170的贮存位置与使用位置之间移动刀具保护件170。
如上所述,刀具保护件170枢转地安装到钉仓壳体102的近侧延伸部109。更具体地,刀具保护件170能够在贮存位置(其中,刀具保护件170基本上包围刀具构件160)与使用位置(其中,刀具构件160被露出以便平移通过末端执行器组件30以切割组织)之间枢转。在某些实施例中,刀具保护件170限定了包括彼此成镜像的一对刀具保护部172的分叉配置,但是可构想具有一个部分或主体的实施例。每个刀具保护部172包括主体173、从主体173向外延伸的栓174、凸出部175、以及限定在主体173的向内朝向的表面176上的凸轮轨道180。栓174被配置为用于接纳在钉仓壳体102的近侧延伸部109内限定的相应的孔109a内,以将刀具保护件170枢转地联接到钉仓组件100。可绕栓174布置偏置构件178以使刀具保护件170朝向贮存位置偏置。凸出部175在刀具保护件170被布置在使用位置中时充当止挡构件。也就是说,当末端执行器组件30被布置在闭合位置并且刀具保护件170被布置在使用位置中时,凸出部175抵靠砧座组件50,以限定在钉仓组件100的组织接触表面与砧座组件50的紧固件成形表面之间的最小间隙距离。被限定在每个主体173的向内朝向的表面176上的凸轮轨道180被配置为接纳刀具构件160的横向保护销169的相对的端。在所示出的实施例中,每个凸轮轨道180包括远侧段182、以相对于远侧段182大体上垂直方位布置的近侧段184、以及将近侧段184和远侧段182分别互连的成角度的中间段186。然而,可构想具有其他配置的凸轮轨道。每个远侧段182限定了开口的远侧端188,开口的远侧端188允许横向保护销169插入到凸轮轨道180中以及允许横向保护销169从凸轮轨道180移除。如在下面将更详细描述的,凸轮轨道180被配置为使得,在刀具构件160致动时,横向保护销169向远侧平移通过刀具保护件170的凸轮轨道180以推动刀具保护件170从贮存位置转动到使用位置,并且使得在刀具构件160返回到其初始位置时,横向保护销169向近侧平移通过凸轮轨道180以推动刀具保护件170转动回到贮存位置。
现在转向图5至图7,结合图1至图4,描述了用于夹持、吻合、以及切割组织的手术紧固件施加装置10的使用和操作。为了组装手术紧固件施加装置10,末端执行器组件30例如经由卡口联接或其他合适的能释放的接合机构而接合到细长的构件20,以经由驱动轴45使手术紧固件施加装置10的致动轴(未示出)和驱动螺杆80彼此可操作地联接。一旦末端执行器组件30接合到细长的构件20,或在此之前,钉仓组件100被插入到钉仓接纳组件60的承载器62中使得经由翼片104在限定于承载器62的壁64内的凹口66内的接合而使钉仓组件100能释放地接合在承载器62内,翼片104自钉仓壳体102延伸出。一旦末端执行器组件30已经接合到细长的构件20并且钉仓组件100已经接合在钉仓接纳组件60内,手术紧固件施加装置10被组装并且准备好使用。
首先,如图5所示,末端执行器组件30的驱动梁90被布置在驱动螺杆80的近端处,即:钉仓组件100的近侧,钉仓组件100的致动滑块130被布置在钉仓组件100的近端处,并且刀具组件150的刀具保护件170被布置在贮存位置中,在贮存位置中刀具保护件170基本上包围刀具构件160。此外,在这种初始状态下,末端执行器组件30被布置在打开位置中,其中砧座组件50与钉仓组件100间隔开。由于末端执行器组件30被布置在这种初始状态下,手术紧固件施加装置10可被操纵和/或操作而进入适当位置使得待夹持、吻合、并且分割的组织被布置在砧座构件52与钉仓组件100之间。
一旦待夹持、吻合、并且分割的组织被布置在砧座构件52与钉仓组件100之间,末端执行器组件30可被致动。为了致动末端执行器组件30,一个或多个致动器16被致动(例如被按压),以驱动致动轴(未示出)沿向前的方向转动,由此驱动驱动轴45和驱动螺杆80的转动。特别地,致动器(多个致动器)16的致动驱动驱动螺杆80沿第一方向例如顺时针方向转动。驱动螺杆80沿第一方向的转动推动驱动梁90沿着驱动螺杆80向远侧平移。随着驱动梁90向远侧平移,横向凸轮销98进入限定在砧座组件50内的水平定向的狭槽54,使得随着末端执行器组件30被进一步致动,例如随着驱动梁90进一步向远侧平移,抵靠身体组织和钉仓组件100逐渐地夹持砧座组件50。同时,或几乎同时,驱动梁90被推动至与刀具构件160接触,使得驱动梁90推动刀具构件160以同样向远侧平移。
参照图5A至图5D,结合图1至图5,随着刀具构件160在驱动梁90的推动下并且相对于刀具保护件170向远侧平移,刀具构件160的保护销169最初向远侧平移通过凸轮轨道180的近侧段184,如图5A所示。在刀具构件160相对于刀具保护件170进一步向远侧平移时,如图5B至图5C所示,保护销169进入凸轮轨道180的成角度的中间段186,其中由于凸轮轨道180的中间段186的成角度的构造,保护销169的向远侧平移推动刀具保护件170以从贮存位置向使用位置转动。如图5D所示,一旦保护销169进入凸轮轨道180的远侧段182,刀具保护件170已经完全地转动到使用位置。刀具构件160在这个位置处进一步向远侧平移使保护销169向远侧平移通过凸轮轨道180的远侧段182,最终经由远侧段182的开口的远侧端188离开凸轮轨道180。
回头参照图5,结合图1至图4,如上面提到的,在致动时,驱动梁90被推动至与刀具构件160接触而使得驱动梁90推动刀具构件160以同样地向远侧平移。更具体地,经由驱动梁90向远侧推动刀具构件160使得刀具构件160的垂直构件164平移通过钉仓壳体102的中央纵向狭槽108。跟随在刀具构件160之后,驱动梁90的垂直支柱96同样平移通过钉仓壳体102的中央纵向狭槽108,并且同时平移通过砧座组件50的垂直定向的狭槽53。在进入钉仓壳体102的中央纵向狭槽108时,例如由于中央纵向狭槽108的减小的尺寸,驱动梁90的垂直支柱96的弹簧臂件97被推动而接合在刀具构件160的垂直构件164的接合凹口167内,以使驱动梁90和刀具构件160彼此接合。如将在下面描述的,驱动梁90和刀具构件160的所述接合允许刀具构件160在驱动梁90向近侧返回时向近侧后退。
如上文所述,在驱动梁90向远侧平移期间,驱动梁90的横向凸轮销98平移通过砧座组件50的水平定向的狭槽54以在组织周围夹持砧座组件50,例如从而将末端执行器组件30维持在它们之间夹持组织的闭合位置。然而,经由刀具保护件170的凸出部175限制末端执行器组件30的夹持,刀具保护件170的凸出部175在使用位置中被定位成抵靠砧座组件50,由此设定在钉仓组件100的组织接触表面与砧座组件50的紧固件成形表面之间的最小间隙距离。
现在转向图5,结合图1至图4,随着驱动螺杆80沿第一方向转动以使驱动梁90向远侧平移,驱动梁90转而使刀具构件160向远侧平移,刀具构件160的底座162接触钉仓组件100的致动滑块130并且向远侧推动致动滑块130。随着致动滑块130被向远侧推动,致动滑块130的凸轮楔132被推动至与推动器120接触以从钉仓组件100顺序地射出紧固件110并且通过组织,最终使得紧固件110在接触砧座构件52的紧固件成形表面时在组织周围成形。刀具构件160略微在致动滑块130后行进以切割在各排紧固件110之间的组织。正如可以理解的,根据特别的目的,末端执行器组件30的致动可被控制以从钉仓组件100发射更多或更少的紧固件110。也就是说,致动滑块130、刀具构件160、驱动梁90可被全部推进到驱动螺杆80的远端,以从钉仓组件100发射所有的紧固件110,或者可仅仅被部分地致动以仅仅发射被布置在钉仓组件100内的多个紧固件110中的一部分。
参照图6至图7,一旦期望的发射操作完成,驱动梁90和刀具构件160可经由一个或多个致动器16(图1)的致动向近侧返回到它们的初始位置。致动器(多个致动器)16(图1)的致动驱动致动轴(未示出)沿相反的方向转动,由此驱动驱动轴45和驱动螺杆80沿第二、相反的方向例如逆时针方向的转动。驱动螺杆80沿第二方向的转动推动驱动梁90沿着驱动螺杆80向近侧平移。由于经由弹簧臂件97在驱动梁90与刀具构件160之间的接合,驱动梁90的向近侧平移同样向近侧拖动刀具构件160。然而,由于致动滑块130即未接合到驱动梁90也未接合到刀具构件160,所以致动滑块130被保持在适当的位置,但是还构想到与刀具构件160例如经由弹簧臂件联接到驱动梁90相类似地将致动滑块130联接到刀具构件160。
驱动梁90向近侧平移直到驱动梁90的横向销98从砧座组件50的水平定向的狭槽54中退出,从而允许末端执行器组件30在偏置构件49的偏置下返回到打开位置。如上所述,驱动梁90的向近端平移向近侧拖动刀具构件160。更具体地,如图6A所述,随着刀具构件160被向近侧拖动,保护销169经由凸轮轨道180的远侧段182的开口的远端188而最终平移进入刀具保护件170的凸轮轨道180。如图6B至图6C所示,在刀具构件160进一步向近侧平移时,保护销169向近侧平移通过远侧段182而进入成角度的中间段186,其中由于凸轮轨道180的中间段186的成角度的配置,保护销169的进一步向近侧平移推动刀具保护件170以从使用位置朝向贮存位置返回而转动。此外,偏置构件178的使刀具保护件170向贮存位置偏置的偏置效应有助于刀具保护件170返回到贮存位置和/或刀具构件160返回其初始位置的平移。一旦保护销169进入凸轮轨道180的近侧段184,如图6D所示,刀具保护件170已经返回到贮存位置,其中刀具保护件170基本上包围刀具构件160。也就是说,刀具构件160返回到它的初始位置,如图7所示,其中朝向凸轮轨道180的近侧段184的近端布置保护销169。
在驱动梁90向近侧返回使得驱动梁90的垂直支柱96从钉仓壳体102的中央纵向狭槽108中退出时,弹簧臂件97不再被推动至经由刀具保护件170或钉仓壳体102与刀具构件160接合,并且因此被允许在向外地进行偏置下向外地返回以使驱动梁90和刀具构件160彼此分开。在末端执行器组件30再一次被布置在它的初始位置的情况下,使用后的钉仓组件100可与末端执行器组件30的钉仓接纳组件60分开并且新的钉仓组件100可被接合在钉仓接纳组件60内,用于随后的夹持、吻合、以及切割操作。因此,刀具构件160与使用后的吻合钉钉仓一起被丢弃并且崭新的、未发射的钉仓组件具有新的刀具。
将理解的是,可以对在此公开的手术紧固件施加装置的实施例做出各种修改。因此,上面的描述不应该被理解为限制,而仅仅理解为实施例的示范例。本领域的技术人员将设想出在本公开的范围和精神内的其他修改。

Claims (15)

1.一种手术紧固件施加装置,包括:
钉仓接纳组件;
钉仓组件,其能够与所述钉仓接纳组件能释放地接合,所述钉仓组件包括:
钉仓壳体,其被配置为容纳多个手术紧固件;以及
刀具组件,所述刀具组件包括:
刀具构件,其被配置为平移通过所述钉仓壳体而从初始位置到展开位置;以及
刀具保护件,其能枢转地联接到所述钉仓壳体并且能够在贮存位置与使用位置之间移动,在所述贮存位置中所述刀具保护件基本上包围所述刀具构件,在所述使用位置中所述刀具构件被露出以便平移通过所述钉仓壳体,所述刀具保护件与所述刀具构件相互作用,使得所述刀具构件远离所述初始位置的平移推动所述刀具保护件以从所述贮存位置转动到所述使用位置并且使得所述刀具构件返回到所述贮存位置的平移推动所述刀具保护件以从所述使用位置转动回到所述贮存位置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的手术紧固件施加装置,其中所述刀具保护件限定凸轮轨道,并且其中所述刀具构件包括能释放地接合到所述凸轮轨道内的保护销。
3.根据权利要求2所述的手术紧固件施加装置,其中所述刀具构件从所述初始位置到所述展开位置的平移推动所述保护销通过所述凸轮轨道以使所述刀具保护件从所述贮存位置转动到所述使用位置。
4.根据权利要求3所述的手术紧固件施加装置,其中所述刀具构件到进一步展开位置的进一步平移推动所述保护销以离开所述刀具保护件的所述凸轮轨道。
5.根据权利要求4所述的手术紧固件施加装置,其中所述刀具构件向所述初始位置的返回推动所述保护销以进入所述刀具保护件的所述凸轮轨道并且平移通过所述刀具保护件的所述凸轮轨道以使所述刀具保护件从所述使用位置转动回到所述贮存位置。
6.根据权利要求2所述的手术紧固件施加装置,其中所述钉仓接纳组件包括驱动螺杆和驱动构件,所述驱动构件绕所述驱动螺杆靠螺纹接合使得所述驱动螺杆的转动引起所述驱动构件的平移。
7.根据权利要求6所述的手术紧固件施加装置,其中所述钉仓组件还包括致动滑块,所述致动滑块能滑动地布置在所述钉仓壳体内并且被配置为平移通过所述钉仓壳体以从所述钉仓壳体射出所述手术紧固件。
8.根据权利要求7所述的手术紧固件施加装置,其中所述驱动构件沿第一方向的平移推动所述致动滑块和所述刀具构件以沿所述第一方向平移通过所述钉仓壳体,以便分别从所述钉仓壳体射出所述手术紧固件并切割组织。
9.根据权利要求8所述的手术紧固件施加装置,其中所述驱动构件能够与所述刀具构件接合使得所述驱动构件沿第二、相反方向的平移拖动所述刀具构件以沿所述第二、相反方向平移。
10.根据权利要求6所述的手术紧固件施加装置,还包括砧座组件,所述砧座组件能够相对于所述钉仓接纳组件在打开位置与闭合位置之间移动以便夹持在所述砧座组件与所述钉仓接纳组件之间的组织。
11.根据权利要求10所述的手术紧固件施加装置,其中所述驱动构件包括凸轮销,所述凸轮销被配置为插入到在所述砧座构件内限定的相应的狭槽中并且平移通过在所述砧座构件内限定的所述相应的狭槽,以便在所述驱动构件沿第一方向平移时使所述砧座组件从所述打开位置移动到所述闭合位置。
12.根据权利要求10所述的手术紧固件施加装置,其中所述刀具保护件包括从所述刀具保护件延伸出的凸出部,并且其中,当所述刀具保护件被布置在所述使用位置中时,所述凸出部抵靠所述砧座组件以限定在所述砧座组件与所述钉仓组件之间的最小间隙距离。
13.一种手术套件,包括:
手术紧固件施加装置,所述手术紧固件施加装置包括:
钉仓接纳组件,其包括驱动构件;以及
砧座组件,其能够相对于所述钉仓接纳组件在打开位置与闭合位置之间移动以便夹持所述砧座组件与所述钉仓接纳组件之间的组织;以及
多个钉仓组件,每个钉仓组件均能够与所述钉仓接纳组件可释放地接合,每个钉仓组件均包括:
钉仓壳体,其被配置为容纳多个手术紧固件;以及
刀具组件,其包括刀具构件和刀具保护件,所述刀具构件被配置为平移通过所述钉仓壳体以切割组织,所述刀具保护件能枢转地联接到所述钉仓壳体并且能够在贮存位置与使用位置之间移动,在所述贮存位置中所述刀具保护件基本上包围所述刀具构件,在所述使用位置中所述刀具构件被露出以便平移通过所述钉仓壳体。
14.根据权利要求13所述的手术套件,其中每个钉仓组件均还包括致动滑块,所述致动滑块能滑动地布置在所述钉仓壳体内并且被配置为平移通过所述钉仓壳体以在所述驱动构件平移通过所述钉仓壳体时从所述钉仓壳体射出所述手术紧固件。
15.根据权利要求13所述的手术套件,其中所述刀具构件从初始位置到展开位置的平移推动所述刀具保护件以从所述贮存位置转动到所述使用位置。
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