CN1033961A - 轻型夹层结构构件 - Google Patents

轻型夹层结构构件 Download PDF

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CN1033961A
CN1033961A CN88108441A CN88108441A CN1033961A CN 1033961 A CN1033961 A CN 1033961A CN 88108441 A CN88108441 A CN 88108441A CN 88108441 A CN88108441 A CN 88108441A CN 1033961 A CN1033961 A CN 1033961A
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赫尔穆特·科斯塔德
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Abstract

层状结构的轻型构件(10)具有两块盖板(13、 14)蜂窝状结构将两块盖板(13、14)隔开并保持一定 距离,蜂窝状结构是由空的罐体(11)构成的。

Description

本发明涉及一种轻型夹层结构构件,该构件具有两块盖板,这两块盖板由蜂窝状结构隔开一定距离固定。所述轻型的构件特别适用于制造太阳能集热器。
由于每平方米太阳辐射的入射能量较小,太阳能集热器需很大的面积。这种太阳能集热器以大抛物面的形式设立在钢架上,并且必须跟踪太阳运动。为获得足够的能量接收率,就需要较大面积,这意味着需要相当重的重量。通常支承这样的抛物面,往往采用轻型构件,然而这种轻型构件必须是特制的,并且价格昂贵。这种轻型构件(例如DE-OS28364187中所描述的)也可用来支承太阳能电池。
本发明所要解决的问题是提供一种特别用于太阳能集热器的轻型构件,该构件是价廉的,容易制作,并有较高的强度。
这个问题这样解决:盖板之间的蜂窝状结构由基本是筒状的罐体构成,罐体的轴线垂直于盖板。这里提供了一种其基本元件无需特别制作而是从废品中获得的轻型构件,饶有趣味的是这里回收使用的罐体仅花费了饮料罐材料的价值。但由于这些罐体有精确的形状,并且其数量增长惊人,比起其原材料价值来,其应用价值要高得多。
特别是铝、铝合金或钢挤压成形的筒状薄金属板罐,尽管其壁厚较薄,例如仅0.07至1mm,但在其轴线方向上仍有很高的尺寸稳定性。在采用饮料罐情况下,其罐盖周边压折在筒状罐壁上而连接在一起,从而进一步增加了这种尺寸稳定性。拉出开口片来打开罐子不会使这种很高的尺寸稳定性发生明显改变。沿着这些饮料罐体的接触线,尽可能紧密地将这些罐体连接起来,特别是粘合起来,于是形成了蜂窝状结构的元件,这些元件也以已知方式与盖板粘接在一起。
在这些标准化尺寸的、以铝或钢成型的饮料罐体生产过程中,总有一定百分比的次品,迄今为止,这些次品罐体都被再次熔化掉。这些次品罐体由于其形状(正像已经被利用的罐体一样),可以利用它们作为轻型构件的蜂窝状元件使用。由于这些次品罐体不装盖,可用点焊或铆接方式使它们连接在一起。
为使轻型构件质地均匀,使其两面承受负荷相同,最好将这些一边敞口的罐体设置成其底端均匀交错地朝向一块盖板和另一块盖板。
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本发明的实施例,其中:
图1是沿图2中的断面线Ⅰ-Ⅰ的轻型构件视图;
图2是沿图1中的断面线Ⅱ-Ⅱ的轻型构件视图;
图3是太阳能集热器或抛物面镜的示意图,其支承板是本发明的轻型构件;
图4是局部剖视平面视图;
图5是本发明的轻型构件局部剖视侧视图;
图6是由罐体制成的两层蜂窝状结构的轻型构件之断面图。
图1和图2中的轻型构件10由空的罐体11构成,在这些罐体11的接触点12处使其连接起来,并将它们设置在两块盖板13、14之间。紧密拼合连接起来的罐体11形成蜂窝状结构,并用粘合剂,例如环氧树脂将它们与盖板13和14连接在一起。罐体11的连接可用粘接剂、低温焊接或熔接。在产品饮料罐11上已涂有烘漆来表明罐中饮料的种类,同时防止罐体锈蚀,烘漆的初溶也能完成罐体11的粘接。为了改善罐体11相互间的连接状态,可用线材18或带材将轻型构件10的罐体拢紧或捆绑起来。由于饮料罐的底16和盖17附近也要承受横向作用力,所述的拢紧线材18最好设置在靠近盖板13、14的地方。
根据本发明的轻型构件10特别适宜作为大面积太阳能集热器、抛物面镜20及定日镜的平面镜的支承构件。图3表明了一个抛物面镜20,该镜具有由本发明的轻型构件构成的大面积支承23,它安装在框架16上,使得镜面能跟踪太阳。
图2和图3的轻型构件是六角形的。如图4所示,它们也可以是矩形或正方形的。如图4所示,它们也可以是矩形或正方形的。如图4左边部分所表明的,罐体11可沿垂直和水平平行排列那样设置,也可如图4右边部分所示呈极紧密堆积式排列,其中每一水平行的罐体11的半径偏移设置。这种设置方式,中间空隙25小于前面所述那种设置的中间空隙25′。
下盖板14的边缘向上折起,使所述盖板14和边缘26形成一个敞口的盒子,该盒子的尺寸适合于罐体11的尺寸,以这种方式,罐体11能很容易地插进盒子中。罐体11之间的剩余空隙填入粘合剂,罐体11相互间或与盖板13、14之间的粘合也可使用泡沫塑料完成,使之填入中间空隙25或25′,至少填入应力较高的区域。也可将泡沫塑料填入罐体11中,以增加构件的承载能力。为了使构件能承受相对较大的力并使力分散开,可用U型断面的围栏29形成的框架28将构件围绕起来,U型断面围栏29具有凸缘30、31,与盖板13、14的边缘相衔接。
如图5所示,将罐体11的底部交替地靠压在一块盖板13或另一块盖板14上,并使罐体均匀分布,这样,构件便得到良好的均质性。
图6的实施例中,将两层蜂窝状结构的罐体11设置成一层在另一层上面,两层间放入一中间板33。这中间板33也用粘合方式与罐体11的蜂窝状结构连接在一起。盖板14与其边缘26一起形成一个能容纳两层罐体的敞口盒,上盖板13具有向下的边缘32,形成另一敞口盒,该盒套在下盒上。以这种方式,构件周围形成了加强边缘,所承受的应力可通过这个加强边缘分散开。
采用以标准尺寸精确制作并在过去大量用于重新熔化的废饮料罐,由于这些饮料罐体11能简单组合形成蜂窝状结构,所以在那些使用太阳能加热器很合算的国家里,轻型构件可用作太阳能加热器的反射镜和聚光镜的大面积支承。这样的国家通常是较贫穷的不发达国家。
所述的构件可有几平方米大,其厚度相当于所用饮料罐的高度加上盖板的厚度,即总厚度约118mm或171mm或它们的倍数。盖板在外边缘可轧边和粘接或熔接,使之形成不透气的密封中空体。
相对于构件的材料费用和重量来说,由于具有所述的夹层结构,因此这种构件具有很高的强度和刚度。它们不受气候影响并能漂浮,因此能用于各种不同的目的。
盖板的材质及厚度应能承受特别的力,铝质饮料罐和铝质盖板构成的构件可做得很大,同时具有很高的承载能力。本发明的轻型构件可包括有两层或多层蜂窝状结构,并在各蜂窝状结构之间设置中间板,特别是铝板。
附图标号表
10    轻型构件
11    罐体
12    接触点
13    盖板
14    盖板
15    轴线
16    底部
17    盖
18    钢线材
19
20    太阳能集热器,抛物面镜
21    框架
22    枢轴
23    支承板
24    抛物面镜
25    中间空隙
26    侧壁
27    敞口盒子
28    框架
29    U型断面围栏
30    凸缘
31    凸缘
32    侧壁
33    中间板

Claims (12)

1、成夹层结构的轻型构件,包括有两块盖板,蜂窝状结构将两块盖板隔开并保持一定距离,其特征在于蜂窝状结构是由基本上是筒状的罐体(11)构成,罐体(11)的轴线(15)垂直于盖板(13、14)。
2、如权利要求1所述的轻型构件,其特征在于罐体(11)是带有盖(17)的回收的废饮料罐。
3、如权利要求1或2所述的轻型构件,其特征在于罐体(11)在其接触点(12)处连接在一起。
4、如权利要求3所述的轻型构件,其特征在于罐体(11)在其接触点(12)处是粘接在一起的。
5、如权利要求1至4中任一权利要求所述的轻型构件,其特征在于罐体(11)设置成很紧密堆积的形式,其中一排罐体(11)的直径相对于其邻近一排罐体的直径偏移位置。
6、如权利要求1至5中任一权利要求所述的轻型构件,其特征在于罐体(11)的底端均匀分布交替地朝向一块盖板(13)或另一块盖板(14)。
7、如权利要求1至6中任一权利要求所述的轻型构件,其特征在于罐体(11)是一边敞口的,相邻的罐体(11)由点焊或铆接连接在一起。
8、如权利要求1至7中任一权利要求所述的轻型构件,其特征在于罐体(11)和/或罐体(11)之间的中间空隙填入泡沫塑料,至少局部填入能承受负荷的泡沫塑料。
9、如权利要求1至8中任一权利要求所述的轻型构件,其特征在于轻型构件(10)的罐体(11)在靠近两块盖板(13、14)的地方用高抗拉强度的线材(18)或带材拢紧在一起。
10、如权利要求1至9中任一权利要求所述的轻型构件,其特征在于至少一块盖板(13或14)的边缘折起成直角,使之形成一个敞口的盒子。
11、如权利要求1至10中任一权利要求所述的轻型构件,其特征在于该轻型构件由一框架(28)所围绕,该框架(28)由具有凸缘(30、31)的U型断面围栏(29)所制成,凸缘(30、31)与盖板(13、14)的边缘相衔接。
12、如权利要求1至11中任一权利要求所述的轻型构件,其特征在于盖板(13、14)之间设置有两层或多层罐体(11)构成的蜂窝状结构,蜂窝状结构的各层之间由中间板(33)将它们彼此分隔。
CN88108441A 1987-10-08 1988-10-08 轻型夹层结构构件 Expired CN1019368B (zh)

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CN103707506B (zh) * 2008-10-28 2016-05-25 伍德韦尔丁公司 制造轻型构件的方法和支承件
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IL87959A0 (en) 1989-03-31
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US5028469A (en) 1991-07-02
JPH02501466A (ja) 1990-05-24
BR8807237A (pt) 1990-02-13
PT88698A (pt) 1989-07-31
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EP0338051B1 (de) 1993-06-02
DE3734373C1 (de) 1988-12-01
CN1019368B (zh) 1992-12-09
ZA887536B (en) 1989-07-26
IL87959A (en) 1991-12-12
DE3881510D1 (de) 1993-07-08
ES2012557A6 (es) 1990-04-01
ATE90026T1 (de) 1993-06-15
EG18349A (en) 1993-04-30
TNSN88102A1 (fr) 1990-07-10
WO1989003299A1 (fr) 1989-04-20
MA21400A1 (fr) 1989-07-01
PT88698B (pt) 1994-03-31
AU615690B2 (en) 1991-10-10

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