CN103392727A - Disinfectant for treating bacterial fruit rot of seedless watermelons and shell-breaking-free accelerating bud-forcing method for seedless watermelons - Google Patents
Disinfectant for treating bacterial fruit rot of seedless watermelons and shell-breaking-free accelerating bud-forcing method for seedless watermelons Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a disinfectant for treating bacterial fruit rot of seedless watermelons and a shell-breaking-free accelerating bud-forcing method for seedless watermelons, wherein the disinfectant contains 2% Kasumin liquid 300-400 fold and 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate 1000-1500 fold; and the bud-forcing method comprises: soaking seeds in water of 55 DEG C for 30min, then in the disinfectant for 3h, and in formaldehyde 100 fold for 30min after washed; flushing the seeds with saturated limewash until no mucus on seed surfaces, then flushing the seeds with clear water until no peculiar smell, and removing pericarp and wizened seeds; drying until the surfaces of the seeds turn white; wrapping the seeds with cotton cloth, placing the seeds into a thermotank, accelerating germination at 35 DEG C for 2h, and accelerating germination at 32 DEG C for 12-15h; washing the seeds with water of 35 DEG C, drying and dehydrating the seeds, airing the seeds until the surfaces have no obvious water, and waiting for germination in the thermotank of 32 DEG C. The disinfectant and the method can reduce probability for the seedless watermelons to infect bacterial fruit rot below 2 parts per thousand, have no need of artificial shell breaking, can reduce bud-forcing cost of the seedless watermelons, and raises a seedling rate of the seedless watermelon seeds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture seedling field, particularly relate to a kind of aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant and aspermous watermelon and exempt from the broken shell germination accelerating method.
Background technology
Aspermous watermelon is because fruit does not have seed, quality better, and instant, high-yield disease resisting, storage tolerance, be subjected to the producer, operator and consumer's welcome deeply, and cultivated area progressively enlarges, and cultivation is all arranged throughout the country.The production of hybrid seeds base of China's aspermous watermelon is mainly in Xinjiang, from 2007, the general bacterial infection fruit rot of domestic aspermous watermelon seed, cause the aspermous watermelon seedling to produce difficulty, some extensive aspermous watermelon production is grown seedlings in factory and even is annihilated, cause land for growing field crops can plant without seedling, economic loss is serious.
In production, the aspermous watermelon of cultivation is triploid, and it is to be done maternally by tetraploid watermelon, and diploid watermelon is hybridized as male parent and the half-blood triploid seed that produces.The kind skin depth of triploid seed is and hard, and the kind umbilical region is wide and hard, and the suberification degree is high, and especially beak section is plump, tight-lipped especially, and embryo development is incomplete, and it is irregular bonding that cotyledon is more, and the germination requirement condition is high.Therefore, triploid seed radicle under field conditions (factors) is not easy to get out kind of a shell, causes the aspermous watermelon percentage of seedgermination lower.In order to solve the low problem of aspermous watermelon percentage of seedgermination, the method that plantation peasant household and intensive seedling production factory generally adopt at present is broken shell vernalization, but broken shell vernalization needs manually to carry out in a large number broken shell, cause the vernalization cost of aspermous watermelon seed higher, and cotyledon easily damages during broken shell, causes planting percent lower.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned background technology, provide a kind of aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant and aspermous watermelon to exempt from the broken shell germination accelerating method, can reduce in the probability to thousand of aspermous watermelon seed infection Bacterial fruit blotch/two, do not need artificial broken shell, reduce a large amount of artificial inputs, can reduce the vernalization cost of aspermous watermelon seed, a germination rate of aspermous watermelon seed was reached more than 80% in 36 hours, the planting percent of aspermous watermelon seed reaches more than 85%.
Aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant provided by the invention is comprised of following component and mass fraction: 2% 300～400 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1000～1500 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
On the basis of technique scheme, described aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant is comprised of following component and mass fraction: 2% 310～390 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1050～1450 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
On the basis of technique scheme, described aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant is comprised of following component and mass fraction: 2% 320～380 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1100～1400 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
On the basis of technique scheme, described aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant is comprised of following component and mass fraction: 2% 330～370 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1150～1350 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
On the basis of technique scheme, described aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant is comprised of following component and mass fraction: 2% 340～360 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1200～1300 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
On the basis of technique scheme, described aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant is comprised of following component and mass fraction: 2% 350 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1250 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
The present invention also provides the aspermous watermelon of the above-mentioned aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch of a kind of base disinfectant to exempt from the broken shell germination accelerating method, comprises the following steps:
A, the aspermous watermelon seed is put into the water of 55 ℃ soaked 30 minutes, putting into aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant after taking-up soaked 3 hours, putting into 100 times of liquid of formaldehyde after cleaning with clear water soaked 30 minutes, rinse with saturated limewater after taking out, until the epidermis of aspermous watermelon seed is without mucus; Rinse with clear water again, until the epidermis free from extraneous odour of aspermous watermelon seed, and pericarp and flat seed in rejecting aspermous watermelon seed;
B, with aspermous watermelon seed drying dehydration, then take out, the epidermis that airing or blowing hot wind are dried to the aspermous watermelon seed turns white; Encase seed with cotton, put into insulating box, ℃ vernalization of the temperature to 35 of regulating constant incubator, the temperature to 32 ℃ of regulating constant incubator after 2 hours, continue vernalization;
C, vernalization after 12～15 hours, are taken out the aspermous watermelon seed in insulating box;
D, with the water of 35 ℃, clean the aspermous watermelon seeds, then drying dehydration, dry in the air to epidermis without open fire, then put into insulating box, the temperature to 32 ℃ of regulating constant incubator, wait to germinate.
On the basis of technique scheme, described aspermous watermelon is exempted from the broken shell germination accelerating method, and step C is: vernalization after 12.5～14.5 hours, is taken out the aspermous watermelon seed in insulating box.
On the basis of technique scheme, described aspermous watermelon is exempted from the broken shell germination accelerating method, and step C is: vernalization after 13～14 hours, is taken out the aspermous watermelon seed in insulating box.
On the basis of technique scheme, described aspermous watermelon is exempted from the broken shell germination accelerating method, and step C is: vernalization after 13.5 hours, is taken out the aspermous watermelon seed in insulating box.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is as follows:
(1) aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant of the present invention can reduce in the probability to thousand of aspermous watermelon seed infection Bacterial fruit blotch/two; solved current aspermous watermelon seed belt Bacterial fruit blotch; thereby can not carry out the difficult problem that seedling is produced, for intensive seedling production plant layout high efficiency seedling cultivating provides technique guarantee.
(2) adopt aspermous watermelon of the present invention to exempt from the broken shell germination accelerating method, do not need artificial broken shell, reduce a large amount of artificial inputs, can reduce the vernalization cost of aspermous watermelon seed, the every strain of cost of the aspermous watermelon seedling that vernalization obtains has reduced by 0.05 yuan.
(3) adopt aspermous watermelon of the present invention to exempt from the broken shell germination accelerating method, a germination rate of aspermous watermelon seed was reached more than 80% in 36 hours, the planting percent of aspermous watermelon seed reaches more than 85%.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail for following specific embodiment:
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant, following component and mass fraction, consists of: 2% 300～400 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1000～1500 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
Describe in detail below by 11 specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1
Aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant is comprised of following component and mass fraction: 2% 300 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1000 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
Embodiment 2
Aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant is comprised of following component and mass fraction: 2% 310 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1050 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
Embodiment 3
Aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant is comprised of following component and mass fraction: 2% 320 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1100 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
Embodiment 4
Aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant is comprised of following component and mass fraction: 2% 330 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1150 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
Embodiment 5
Aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant is comprised of following component and mass fraction: 2% 340 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1200 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
Embodiment 6
Aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant is comprised of following component and mass fraction: 2% 350 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1250 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
Embodiment 7
Aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant is comprised of following component and mass fraction: 2% 360 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1300 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
Embodiment 8
Aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant is comprised of following component and mass fraction: 2% 370 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1350 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
Embodiment 9
Aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant is comprised of following component and mass fraction: 2% 380 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1400 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
Embodiment 10
Aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant is comprised of following component and mass fraction: 2% 390 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1450 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
Embodiment 11
Aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant is comprised of following component and mass fraction: 2% 400 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1500 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of aspermous watermelon based on above-mentioned aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant to exempt from the broken shell germination accelerating method, comprises the following steps:
A, the aspermous watermelon seed is put into the water of 55 ℃ soaked 30 minutes, putting into embodiment 1～11 any one aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant after taking-up soaked 3 hours, putting into 100 times of liquid of formaldehyde after cleaning with clear water soaked 30 minutes, rinse with saturated limewater after taking out, until the epidermis of aspermous watermelon seed is without mucus; Rinse with clear water again, until the epidermis free from extraneous odour of aspermous watermelon seed, and the impurity such as the pericarp in rejecting aspermous watermelon seed and flat seed;
B, with aspermous watermelon seed drying dehydration, then take out, the epidermis that airing or blowing hot wind are dried to the aspermous watermelon seed turns white, encase seed with cotton, put into insulating box, ℃ vernalization of the temperature to 35 of regulating constant incubator, the temperature to 32 ℃ of regulating constant incubator after 2 hours, continue vernalization;
C, vernalization after 12～15 hours, are taken out the aspermous watermelon seed in insulating box;
D, with the water of 35 ℃, clean the aspermous watermelon seeds, then drying dehydration, dry in the air to epidermis without open fire, then put into insulating box, the temperature to 32 ℃ of regulating constant incubator, wait to germinate.
Describe in detail below by 7 specific embodiments.
Embodiment 12
A kind of aspermous watermelon based on above-mentioned aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant is exempted from the broken shell germination accelerating method, comprises the following steps:
A, the aspermous watermelon seed is put into the water of 55 ℃ soaked 30 minutes, putting into embodiment 1～11 any one aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant after taking-up soaked 3 hours, putting into 100 times of liquid of formaldehyde after cleaning with clear water soaked 30 minutes, rinse with saturated limewater after taking out, until the epidermis of aspermous watermelon seed is without mucus; Rinse with clear water again, until the epidermis free from extraneous odour of aspermous watermelon seed, and the impurity such as the pericarp in rejecting aspermous watermelon seed and flat seed;
B, with aspermous watermelon seed drying dehydration, then take out, the epidermis that airing or blowing hot wind are dried to the aspermous watermelon seed turns white; Encase seed with cotton, put into insulating box, ℃ vernalization of the temperature to 35 of regulating constant incubator, the temperature to 32 ℃ of regulating constant incubator after 2 hours, continue vernalization;
C, vernalization after 12 hours, are taken out the aspermous watermelon seed in insulating box;
D, with the water of 35 ℃, clean the aspermous watermelon seeds, then drying dehydration, dry in the air to epidermis without open fire, then put into insulating box, the temperature to 32 ℃ of regulating constant incubator, wait to germinate.
Embodiment 13 is substantially the same manner as Example 12, and difference is: the germination time in step C is 12.5 hours.
Embodiment 14 is substantially the same manner as Example 12, and difference is: the germination time in step C is 13 hours.
Embodiment 15 is substantially the same manner as Example 12, and difference is: the germination time in step C is 13.5 hours.
Embodiment 16 is substantially the same manner as Example 12, and difference is: the germination time in step C is 14 hours.
Embodiment 17 is substantially the same manner as Example 12, and difference is: the germination time in step C is 14.5 hours.
Embodiment 18 is substantially the same manner as Example 12, and difference is: the germination time in step C is 15 hours.
Those skilled in the art can carry out various modifications and variations to the embodiment of the present invention, if these are revised and modification belongs within the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, these modifications and modification are also within protection scope of the present invention.
The prior art that the content of not describing in detail in specification is known to the skilled person.
Claims (10)
1. an aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant, is characterized in that: following component and mass fraction, consist of: 2% 300～400 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1000～1500 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
2. aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: following component and mass fraction, consist of: 2% 310～390 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1050～1450 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
3. aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: following component and mass fraction, consist of: 2% 320～380 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1100～1400 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
4. aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: following component and mass fraction, consist of: 2% 330～370 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1150～1350 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
5. aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: following component and mass fraction, consist of: 2% 340～360 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1200～1300 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
6. aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: following component and mass fraction, consist of: 2% 350 times of kasumin liquors liquid, 1250 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate.
7. the aspermous watermelon based on the described aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch of any one in claim 1 to 6 disinfectant is exempted from the broken shell germination accelerating method, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
A, the aspermous watermelon seed is put into the water of 55 ℃ soaked 30 minutes, putting into aspermous watermelon Bacterial fruit blotch disinfectant after taking-up soaked 3 hours, putting into 100 times of liquid of formaldehyde after cleaning with clear water soaked 30 minutes, rinse with saturated limewater after taking out, until the epidermis of aspermous watermelon seed is without mucus; Rinse with clear water again, until the epidermis free from extraneous odour of aspermous watermelon seed, and pericarp and flat seed in rejecting aspermous watermelon seed;
B, with aspermous watermelon seed drying dehydration, then take out, the epidermis that airing or blowing hot wind are dried to the aspermous watermelon seed turns white; Encase seed with cotton, put into insulating box, ℃ vernalization of the temperature to 35 of regulating constant incubator, the temperature to 32 ℃ of regulating constant incubator after 2 hours, continue vernalization;
C, vernalization after 12～15 hours, are taken out the aspermous watermelon seed in insulating box;
D, with the water of 35 ℃, clean the aspermous watermelon seeds, then drying dehydration, dry in the air to epidermis without open fire, then put into insulating box, the temperature to 32 ℃ of regulating constant incubator, wait to germinate.
8. aspermous watermelon as claimed in claim 7 is exempted from the broken shell germination accelerating method, it is characterized in that: step C is: vernalization after 12.5～14.5 hours, is taken out the aspermous watermelon seed in insulating box.
9. aspermous watermelon as claimed in claim 8 is exempted from the broken shell germination accelerating method, it is characterized in that: step C is: vernalization after 13～14 hours, is taken out the aspermous watermelon seed in insulating box.
10. aspermous watermelon as claimed in claim 9 is exempted from the broken shell germination accelerating method, it is characterized in that: step C is: vernalization after 13.5 hours, is taken out the aspermous watermelon seed in insulating box.
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| CN104025837A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-09-10 | 和县绿丰种业有限公司 | Watermelon seed germination acceleration method |
| CN105325091A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-02-17 | 阜南县晨浩种植专业合作社 | Artificial seedling raising method for watermelon seeds |
| CN107006169A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-04 | 王现明 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of watermelon seed |
| CN107046853A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-18 | 王现明 | A kind of germination accelerating method of aspermous watermelon |
| CN108464078A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-08-31 | 上海科立特农科（集团）有限公司 | A kind of moisture absorption improving Melon seed quality time dry process methodology |
| CN110679407A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-01-14 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | Simple seedling raising method for seedless watermelons |
| CN110692308A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-01-17 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | Seedless watermelon shell-breaking-free germination accelerating method |
| CN113273347A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-20 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Automatic shell breaking machine and shell breaking method for melon seeds |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104025837A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-09-10 | 和县绿丰种业有限公司 | Watermelon seed germination acceleration method |
| CN104025837B (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2016-03-09 | 和县绿丰种业有限公司 | A kind of watermelon seed germination accelerating method |
| CN105325091A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-02-17 | 阜南县晨浩种植专业合作社 | Artificial seedling raising method for watermelon seeds |
| CN107006169A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-04 | 王现明 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of watermelon seed |
| CN107046853A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-18 | 王现明 | A kind of germination accelerating method of aspermous watermelon |
| CN108464078A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-08-31 | 上海科立特农科（集团）有限公司 | A kind of moisture absorption improving Melon seed quality time dry process methodology |
| CN110679407A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-01-14 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | Simple seedling raising method for seedless watermelons |
| CN110692308A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-01-17 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | Seedless watermelon shell-breaking-free germination accelerating method |
| CN113273347A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-20 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Automatic shell breaking machine and shell breaking method for melon seeds |
| CN113273347B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2022-06-03 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Automatic shell breaking machine and shell breaking method for melon seeds |
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| CN103392727B (en) | 2014-10-08 |
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