CN103392654A - Streptococcicosis prevention and control method for tilapia - Google Patents
Streptococcicosis prevention and control method for tilapia Download PDFInfo
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- CN103392654A CN103392654A CN2013103609572A CN201310360957A CN103392654A CN 103392654 A CN103392654 A CN 103392654A CN 2013103609572 A CN2013103609572 A CN 2013103609572A CN 201310360957 A CN201310360957 A CN 201310360957A CN 103392654 A CN103392654 A CN 103392654A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention relates to a streptococcicosis prevention and control method for tilapia, which comprises the steps that a pond with unobstructed intake and drainage channels, matched electric power and complete oxygenation facilities is selected and disinfected thoroughly and wholly; then tilapia fry are put in; tilapia complete formula feed is put in according to a standard of 2-3 times per day; water body disinfection and microorganism preparation putting are performed every other 15 days in a culture process; the water quality is improved by a bottom material improver every other 30 days; and the pond is dried, and the tilapia is caught after the tilapia fry are cultured for 6 months. According to the method, an ecological control technology is applied, and the pond is subjected to water quality management by using a disinfector, a microorganism preparation and the bottom material improver, so that beneficial microorganisms are increased; breeding of harmful substances is reduced; a culture water environment is improved completely; in-vivo residuals of the tilapia due to the fact that medicines such as microbiotic and hormone are used are avoided; the incidence of the tilapia with the streptococcicosis is reduced; the quality of the tilapia is improved; and sustainable development of the tilapia industry is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture control and prevention of disease field, relate to a kind of preventing control method for control Tilapia mossambica disease, specifically a kind of Tilapia mossambica streptococcosis preventing control method.
Background technology
China's Tilapia mossambica cultivation starts from the 1950's,, through the development of many decades, has become so far world Tilapia mossambica and has produced the first big country.In recent years, development along with intensive culture, the Tilapia mossambica streptococcosis takes place frequently, breeding environment constantly worsens, the Tilapia mossambica streptococcosis large tracts of land in the provinces such as annual high temperature season (summer) Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi spreads, in a single day the fulminant streptococcosis appears in the Tilapia mossambica pond, just there will be the Tilapia mossambica more than 40% dead in seven days in pond, to the raiser, bring huge economic loss, have a strong impact on the sustainable development of Tilapia mossambica industry.
Streptococcus is self-contained a kind of bacterium in the Tilapia mossambica body, when the factors such as external environment condition abominable (as water environment degradation, substrate harmful substance, grow etc.), daily management (as science bait throwing in not etc.) lack of standardization occur, streptococcus can be in the Tilapia mossambica body amount reproduction, cause the outburst of Tilapia mossambica streptococcosis, cause the Tilapia mossambica Large Scale Death.
At present, control is mainly a large amount of medicines such as antibiotic, hormone that use in breeding process for the Tilapia mossambica streptococcosis, this does not only thoroughly solve the problem of preventing and treating of Tilapia mossambica streptococcosis, Tilapia mossambica is developed immunity to drugs, the residual material that is detrimental to health in a large number in Tilapia, the quality of marketable fish greatly descends; Simultaneously, a large amount of uses of the medicines such as antibiotic, hormone have worsened ecotope, cause environmental pollution, have a strong impact on aquatic products industry and water quality environment.At present, also do not find the basic method of effective control Tilapia mossambica streptococcosis both at home and abroad, this is undoubtedly a very big hidden danger for the Tilapia mossambica industry.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of Tilapia mossambica streptococcosis preventing control method for the deficiencies in the prior art, the application ecological control, by water quality management is carried out in pond, avoided because using the medicines such as antibiotic, hormone to cause in the Tilapia mossambica body residual, and to the pollution of water quality and bottom material of pond for breeding, reduce the Tilapia mossambica streptococcosis and break out probability, the Tilapia mossambica quality improves, and is conducive to the sustainable development of Tilapia mossambica industry.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention:
A kind of Tilapia mossambica streptococcosis preventing control method, its concrete steps are as follows:
1, to select the water area size be 5～10 mu, 1.5～2.0 meters of the depth of waters, advance that drainage ditch is unobstructed, electric power coupling, oxygenation facility are complete, the pond of traffic convenience, after before putting fry, mud cleaning, pool dyke in pond being leaked reinforcing, the work of the solarization pool, full pond thorough disinfection (require at the bottom of pond, pool wall, Chi Di, all places that are connected with pond of Inlet and outlet water gate, all to splash with medicine); Carried out the dry method sterilization of cleaning up the pond with quicklime by the standard of 100～150 kg/acres in 7～10 days before putting in a suitable place to breed.
2, put the strong standard without invalid 3～4cm Tilapia mossambica seedling, 1800～2000 tails of body in a suitable place to breed by every mu and throw in the Tilapia mossambica fry.
3, feed: throw something and feed with the Tilapia mossambica perfect compound feed, day feeding volume calculates by 3～5% of Tilapia mossambica body weight, and throwing in the tilapia feed number of times is 2～3 times/days, and according to weather, water quality and the fish situation of ingesting, suitably increases and decreases.Feedstuff feeding is adhered to " four fixed " principle, takes the science feeding method of " fish feed seven minutes full ", and bad weather, as the rainy day etc., reduces throwing something and feeding or stopping meal of bait.
4, water quality management: water quality management is the key in breeding process, comprises the sterilization of water body, input and the substrate modifier input of biologic product.(1) sterilization of breeding water body: water body adopts chlorine-containing disinfectant to carry out disinfection, and sterilization in every 15 days once; (2) biologic product is thrown in: water body was thrown in biologic product once in every 15 days; (3) substrate modifier is thrown in: water body was thrown in substrate modifier once in every 30 days.
Described chlorine-containing disinfectant refers to C5H6Br2N2O2, bleaching powder or strong chlorine oil.
Describedly refer to bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria and/or nitrifier, each bacterial classification usage amount can be determined according to products instruction.
5, cultivation after 6 months, is done pool harvesting Tilapia mossambica.
The present invention's application ecological control, by using disinfectant, microorganism formulation and substrate modifier to carry out water quality management to pond, increase beneficial microbe, reduce growing of harmful substance, improve cultivation water environment comprehensively, avoided because using the medicines such as antibiotic, hormone to cause in the Tilapia mossambica body residual, and to the pollution of water quality and bottom material of pond for breeding, reduce the Tilapia mossambica streptococcosis and break out probability, the Tilapia mossambica quality improves, and is conducive to the sustainable development of Tilapia mossambica industry.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are used for explanation the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.The method of unreceipted actual conditions in the following example, usually according to normal condition, or the condition of advising according to manufacturer.
Embodiment one
1, at the beginning of 2012 2 months, selecting the pond area in Qionghai is 10 mu, and 2.0 meters of the pond depth of waters, advance drainage ditch unobstructed, the electric power coupling, and the oxygenation facility is complete, the pond of traffic convenience; After mud cleaning in pond, pool dyke are leaked work such as reinforcing, shine the pool, full pond thorough disinfection, require at the bottom of pond, pool wall, Chi Di, all places that are connected with pond of Inlet and outlet water gate, all to splash with medicine.
2, carry out dry method clean up the pond sterilization by the consumption of 130 kg/acres with quicklime in late March, 2012, throw in 3cm gift tilapia fry 20,000 tails after 7 days.
3, feed: throw something and feed with the Tilapia mossambica perfect compound feed, day feeding volume calculates by 3～5% of Tilapia mossambica body weight, and throw something and feed every day at twice, sooner or later each once, adhere to regularly, fixed point, quantitatively, determine " four determine " principle of matter; Constantly observe the Tilapia mossambica situation of ingesting, take the science feeding method of " fish feed seven minutes full ", prevent the Tilapia mossambica satiety, the bait phenomenon occurs telling, polluted water; Simultaneously, note weather condition,, if the adverse weathers such as rainy, extremely hot occur, should reduce throwing something and feeding or stopping meal of bait.
4, water quality management: (1) sterilization: water body adopts chlorine-containing disinfectant to carry out disinfection, and sterilization in every 15 days once; (2) biologic product is thrown in: water body was thrown in bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria and nitrifier once (its usage amount can according to products instruction) in every 15 days; (3) substrate modifier is thrown in: water body was thrown in substrate modifier once in every 30 days.
5, cultivation after 6 months, is done pool harvesting, calculates the Tilapia mossambica amount of having caught.The results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment two
1, at the beginning of 2012 2 months, selecting the pond area at Wenchang, hainan is 8 mu, and 1.8 meters of the pond depth of waters, advance drainage ditch unobstructed, the electric power coupling, and the oxygenation facility is complete, the pond of traffic convenience; After mud cleaning in pond, pool dyke are leaked work such as reinforcing, shine the pool, full pond thorough disinfection, require at the bottom of pond, pool wall, Chi Di, all places that are connected with pond of Inlet and outlet water gate, all to splash with medicine.
2, carry out dry method clean up the pond sterilization by the consumption of 150 kg/acres with quicklime in late March, 2012, throw in 3cm gift tilapia fry 1.5 ten thousand tails after 10 days.
3, feed: throw something and feed with the Tilapia mossambica perfect compound feed, day feeding volume calculates by 3～5% of Tilapia mossambica body weight, and throw something and feed every day at twice, sooner or later each once, adhere to regularly, fixed point, quantitatively, determine " four determine " principle of matter; Constantly observe the Tilapia mossambica situation of ingesting, take the science feeding method of " fish feed seven minutes full ", prevent the Tilapia mossambica satiety, the bait phenomenon occurs telling, polluted water; Simultaneously, note weather condition,, if the adverse weathers such as rainy, extremely hot occur, should reduce throwing something and feeding or stopping meal of bait.
4, water quality management: (1) sterilization: water body adopts chlorine-containing disinfectant to carry out disinfection, and sterilization in every 15 days once; (2) biologic product is thrown in: water body was thrown in bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria and nitrifier once (its usage amount can according to products instruction) in every 15 days; (3) substrate modifier is thrown in: water body was thrown in substrate modifier once in every 30 days.
5, cultivation after 6 months, is done pool harvesting, calculates the Tilapia mossambica amount of having caught.The results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment three
1, in mid-February, 2012, selecting the pond area in Haikou is 7 mu, and 1.6 meters of the pond depth of waters, advance drainage ditch unobstructed, the electric power coupling, and the oxygenation facility is complete, the pond of traffic convenience; After mud cleaning in pond, pool dyke are leaked work such as reinforcing, shine the pool, full pond thorough disinfection, require at the bottom of pond, pool wall, Chi Di, all places that are connected with pond of Inlet and outlet water gate, all to splash with medicine.
2, carry out dry method clean up the pond sterilization by the consumption of 150 kg/acres with quicklime in late March, 2013, throw in 3cm gift tilapia fry 1.4 ten thousand tails after 8 days.
3, feed: throw something and feed with the Tilapia mossambica perfect compound feed, day feeding volume calculates by 3～5% of Tilapia mossambica body weight, and throw something and feed every day at twice, sooner or later each once, adhere to regularly, fixed point, quantitatively, determine " four determine " principle of matter; Constantly observe the Tilapia mossambica situation of ingesting, take the science feeding method of " fish feed seven minutes full ", prevent the Tilapia mossambica satiety, the bait phenomenon occurs telling, polluted water; Simultaneously, note weather condition,, if the adverse weathers such as rainy, extremely hot occur, should reduce throwing something and feeding or stopping meal of bait.
4, water quality management: (1) sterilization: water body adopts chlorine-containing disinfectant to carry out disinfection, and sterilization in every 15 days once; (2) biologic product is thrown in: water body was thrown in bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria and nitrifier once (its usage amount can according to products instruction) in every 15 days; (3) substrate modifier is thrown in: water body was thrown in substrate modifier once in every 30 days.
5, cultivation after 6 months, is done pool harvesting, calculates the Tilapia mossambica amount of having caught.The results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative trial:
Selecting area in mid-March, 2012 is that the pond of 10 mu, 8 mu is respectively used to cultivate gift tilapia, the work such as the clear pond in pond, sterilization and condition and embodiment with.4cm gift tilapia fry 20,000 tails are thrown in 10 mu of ponds, and 4cm gift tilapia fry 1.5 ten thousand tails are thrown in 8 mu of ponds, adopt traditional cultural method, and the regulating and controlling water quality during cultivation adopts traditional approach: use quicklime to splash separately.Cultivate after 6 months and do pool harvesting, calculate the Tilapia mossambica amount of having caught.The results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 embodiment of the present invention and traditional monoculture mode are compared situation
Conclusion: above-mentioned experimental data shows, adopts the Tilapia mossambica of conventional method cultivation during cultivating, and there will be exophthalmos ', turns white, vigor weakens, and the sick fish of spinning at the water surface, through the live body sample detecting, pathogen that ill Tilapia mossambica suffers from is streptococcus, causes the somatic death rate to reach 50% left and right.After using cultural method of the present invention, find no the sick fish of above-mentioned symptom, the Tilapia mossambica survival rate reaches more than 85%, obviously improve more than 30 percentage points than traditional cultural method, per mu yield marketable fish output improves greatly, bring economic benefit preferably to the raiser, be conducive to the sustainable development of Tilapia mossambica industry.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a Tilapia mossambica streptococcosis preventing control method, is characterized in that, its concrete steps are as follows:
1), to select the water area size be 5～10 mu, 1.5～2.0 meters of the depth of waters, advance that drainage ditch is unobstructed, electric power coupling, oxygenation facility are complete, the pond of traffic convenience, after before putting fry, mud cleaning, pool dyke in pond being leaked reinforcing, the work of the solarization pool, full pond thorough disinfection; Carried out the dry method sterilization of cleaning up the pond with quicklime by the standard of 100～150 kg/acres in 7～10 days before putting in a suitable place to breed;
2), by every mu, put the strong standard without invalid 3～4cm Tilapia mossambica seedling, 1800～2000 tails of body in a suitable place to breed and throw in the Tilapia mossambica fry;
3), feed: throw something and feed with the Tilapia mossambica perfect compound feed, day feeding volume calculates by 3～5% of Tilapia mossambica body weight, and throwing in the tilapia feed number of times is 2～3 times/days;
4), water quality management: comprise the sterilization of water body, input and the substrate modifier input of biologic product: the sterilization of (1) breeding water body: water body adopts chlorine-containing disinfectant to carry out disinfection, and sterilization in every 15 days once; (2) biologic product is thrown in: water body was thrown in biologic product once in every 15 days; (3) substrate modifier is thrown in: water body was thrown in substrate modifier once in every 30 days;
5), cultivation is after 6 months, does pool harvesting Tilapia mossambica.
2. Tilapia mossambica streptococcosis preventing control method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described chlorine-containing disinfectant refers to C5H6Br2N2O2, bleaching powder or strong chlorine oil.
3. Tilapia mossambica streptococcosis preventing control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: describedly refer to bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria and/or nitrifier.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106172145A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2016-12-07 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of method that anti-Streptococcus iniae of gift tilapia improving high-density breeding infects |
| CN110521858A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-12-03 | 福建大北农水产科技有限公司 | A kind of mixed feed and preparation method thereof reducing Tilapia mossambica streptococcus lethality |
| CN110663595A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-01-10 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | Tilapia breeding method |
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| CN102415348A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2012-04-18 | 北京市水产科学研究所 | High-yield farming method of tilapia fish seeds |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102415348A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2012-04-18 | 北京市水产科学研究所 | High-yield farming method of tilapia fish seeds |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 农举业: "对罗非鱼链球菌病防治的体会", 《水产科技》 * |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106172145A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2016-12-07 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of method that anti-Streptococcus iniae of gift tilapia improving high-density breeding infects |
| CN106172145B (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2019-04-19 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A method of improving the anti-Streptococcus iniae infection of gift tilapia of high-density breeding |
| CN110521858A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-12-03 | 福建大北农水产科技有限公司 | A kind of mixed feed and preparation method thereof reducing Tilapia mossambica streptococcus lethality |
| CN110663595A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-01-10 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | Tilapia breeding method |
| CN110663595B (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2021-10-19 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | Tilapia breeding method |
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