CN110521858A - A kind of mixed feed and preparation method thereof reducing Tilapia mossambica streptococcus lethality - Google Patents

A kind of mixed feed and preparation method thereof reducing Tilapia mossambica streptococcus lethality Download PDF

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CN110521858A
CN110521858A CN201910764876.6A CN201910764876A CN110521858A CN 110521858 A CN110521858 A CN 110521858A CN 201910764876 A CN201910764876 A CN 201910764876A CN 110521858 A CN110521858 A CN 110521858A
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meal
tilapia
bacillus
soybean
compound feed
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李栋
朱传忠
易敢峰
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Fujian Dabeinong Fisheries Science & Technology Co Ltd
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Fujian Dabeinong Fisheries Science & Technology Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of compound feed of tilapia and preparation method thereof for reducing streptococcus lethality, including following components: wheat flour 15 ~ 20%, Soybean Meal 20 ~ 30%, double-low rapeseed meal 10 ~ 20%, cottonseed protein 3 ~ 5%, peanut meal 5 ~ 10%, fish meal 3 ~ 5%, rice bran meal 10 ~ 20%, soybean oil 1 ~ 3%, soyabean lecithin oil 0.5 ~ 1.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1 ~ 2%, choline chloride (50%) 0.2 ~ 0.5%, vitamin premix 0.2%, mineral substance premix 0.3%, bentonite 2 ~ 3%, bacillus 0.05 ~ 0.2%.The invention belongs to aquaculture field, the involved feed addition bacillus inhibited to Tilapia mossambica streptococcus, and preparation method design ensures microbial activity, the Tilapia mossambica death rate can be significantly reduced in streptococcal infection, reduces disease loss.

Description

A kind of mixed feed and preparation method thereof reducing Tilapia mossambica streptococcus lethality
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture fields, are related to Tilapia mossambica green nonreactive feed technology, and in particular to a kind of reduction sieve The mixed feed and its processing method of non-fish Streptococcus agalactiae infections lethality.
Background technique
Gift tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is obtained by Philippine using bolti cross experiment breeding , after introducing the 8th generation strain to the country from Philippine from Shanghai Ocean University 1994, by the southern edge such as China Guangxi, Guangdong Haiti area largely cultivates.Currently, China is maximum Tilapia mossambica producing country and exported country in the world, often it is only export amount and just reaches 1200000000 dollars.But in recent years, with the fast development of Tilapia mossambica intensive culture, the outburst of Tilapia mossambica disease is more and more frequent, Wherein Streptococcus agalactiae infections lethality is high, the serious sound development for affecting Tilapia mossambica aquaculture industry.Currently, raiser It relies primarily on antibiotics and carrys out this kind of disease of prevention and control, but its long-time service will lead to a series of Safety of Aquatic Products problem.
Summary of the invention
A kind of compound feed of tilapia reducing Streptococcus agalactiae infections lethality, feed includes following mass percent Component: wheat flour 15 ~ 20%, Soybean Meal 20% ~ 30%, double-low rapeseed meal 10 ~ 20%, cottonseed protein 3 ~ 5%, peanut meal 5 ~ 10%, fish meal 3 ~ 5%, rice bran 10 ~ 20%, soybean oil 1 ~ 3%, soyabean lecithin oil 0.5 ~ 1.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1 ~ 2.0%, choline chloride (50%) 0.2 ~ 0.5%, vitamin premix 0.2%, mineral substance premix 0.3%, bentonite 2 ~ 3%, bacillus 0.05 ~ 0.2%.
The present invention includes a kind of production method of compound feed of tilapia for reducing Streptococcus agalactiae infections lethality, including Following steps:
(1) bacillus is pre-mixed in proportion with vitamin premix, mineral substance premix, bentonite, mixture homogeneity CV < 5%；The raw materials such as Soybean Meal, double-low rapeseed meal, peanut meal, fish meal, rice bran meal carry out coarse crushing, and raw material can pass through after crushing The aperture 1.0mm sieve；
(2) it mixes, is added after solid material weighing, liquid charging stock in mixing machine in proportion by all components described in claim 1 It is added after being claimed by liquid meter by spray head, mixture homogeneity CV < 7%, mixing machine should require to determine mixed according to mixture homogeneity Close the time；
(3) uniformly mixed material pelletizes, dries, being cooled to room temperature, being packaged by quenched (85 ~ 90 DEG C), extruding.Finished feed For moisture content 8 ~ 11%, water stability 2 ~ 4 minutes cylindrical particle tilapia feeds.
The present invention meets Tilapia mossambica nutritional need in the formulation design, while raw material is preferred using particularly having carried out: Double-low rapeseed meal and cottonseed protein are used；Double-low rapeseed meal contains the lower erucic acid of content and sulphur glucoside, cottonseed protein eliminate boll hull With velveteen body of gland, gossypol toxicity is significantly reduced；It avoids generally selecting in the commercial feeds such as DDGS, rice bran using soybean oil simultaneously High glyceride stock is to reduce risk spoiled by rancid oil or fat.The above raw material is preferred beneficial for reducing the murder by poisoning in feed to Tilapia mossambica Substance and anti-nutritional factors improve the palatability and safety of feed.
The present invention is the single bacterial strain that acquisition is separated in Tilapia mossambica enteron aisle using bacillus, in sieve after adding in feed It plays a role in non-fish enteron aisle, the Bacillus strain for being compared to unknown source in the market has better adaptability, single-minded Property and biological safety！
It is compared compared with technical solution, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) inventive formulation is improved, and using double-low rapeseed meal and cottonseed protein, abandons rice bran, DDGS grade height glyceride stock, these acts Arrange the destruction for advantageously reducing feedstuff anti-nutritional factors itself, toxin, rancid grease to Tilapia mossambica immunity, while advantageous In raising feed palatability and utilization rate；
(2) present invention addition Tilapia mossambica enteron aisle separation bacillus ensures that the bacillus adapts to Tilapia mossambica intestinal environment and pond Environment maximum can play its antagonism to Rofe Streptococcusagalactiae, and the mechanism of action is clear, environmentally friendly, safe, while this hair The bright additive capacity range that bacillus has been determined, it is ensured that the addition of least cost is to obtain good result；
(3) the reasonable processing method for being suitble to the above feed technology scheme has been determined, has selected the common mode for squeezing granulation than passing through Extruding granulation have 3 clear superiorities: feed processing cost is lower, avoid inactivation of bacteria caused by puffing process, feed is heavy Viable bacteria can play the antagonism to Streptococcusagalactiae in bottom of pond after water.
(4) a kind of compound feed of tilapia of reduction Streptococcus agalactiae infections lethality of the invention has palatability good Well, the advantages of high conversion rate, while being conducive to breeding environment improvement, be a kind of tilapia feed of high-efficiency environment friendly, by feeding It grows Tilapia mossambica progress Streptococcusagalactiae and attacks malicious infection, feed of the present invention can significantly reduce the Tilapia mossambica death rate.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1: 5 groups of Tilapia mossambica streptococcus attack malicious 14 days survival rates
Specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1
Each raw material component is mixed according to following ratio using feed, prepares 4 groups of tilapia feeds, wherein bacillus adds Dosage is respectively 0,0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, 0.20%, is successively named as D0, D05, D10, D15, D20.Wherein D0 conduct pair As usual, 5 groups of feed formulas compositions such as table 1:
1 feed formulation for tilapia of table
Raw material D0 D05 D10 D15 D20
Wheat flour/% 20 20 20 20 20
Fish meal/% 3 3 3 3 3
Soybean Meal/% 30 30 30 30 30
Double-low rapeseed meal/% 15 15 15 15 15
Cottonseed protein/% 3 3 3 3 3
Peanut meal/% 7 7 7 7 7
Rice bran/% 15 15 15 15 15
Phosphatide oil/% 1 1 1 1 1
Soya-bean oil/% 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
Bentonite/% 2.20 2.15 2.10 2.05 2.0
Calcium dihydrogen phosphate/% 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
Vitamin premix/% 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Mineral substance premix/% 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Choline chloride (50%)/% 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Bacillus/% 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2
Total/% total 100 100 100 100 100
The preparation of each group feed is completed according to the following steps:
(1) bacillus is pre-mixed in proportion with vitamin premix, mineral substance premix, bentonite, mixture homogeneity CV < 5%；
(2) raw materials such as Soybean Meal, double-low rapeseed meal, peanut meal, fish meal, rice bran meal carry out coarse crushing, can pass through 1.0mm sieve； It mixes, is added after solid material weighing, liquid charging stock passes through liquid in mixing machine in proportion by all components described in claim 1 It is added after body weighing balance by spray head, mixture homogeneity CV < 7%, mixing machine should require to determine incorporation time according to mixture homogeneity；
(3) uniformly mixed material pelletizes, dries, being cooled to room temperature by quenched (85 ~ 90 DEG C), extruding, is packaged.Finished feed For moisture content 8 ~ 11%, water stability 2 ~ 4 minutes Tilapia mossambica cylindrical particle feeds.
The gift tilapia for selecting 50g uniform in size or so is randomly divided into 5 processing, and every group sets 3 repetitions, Mei Gechong Multiple 50 tails.46.91 ± 0.17g of original body mass.It culture-cycle 6 weeks, feeds 3 times (8:00,12:00,17:00), uses daily Autoamtic bait putting machine is fed, and the rate that feeds day is 5%.Circulating water cultivation, condition of water quality during raising are as follows: about 28 DEG C of water temperature, DO > 5.0 mg/L, pH 6.8-8.0, NH4+- N ﹤ 0.1 mg/L, NO20.01 mg/L of-N ﹤.After culture experiment, every barrel random Take 10 tail fishes that (Changjiang Aquatic Products Inst., Chinese Academy of Aquatic Products Sciences's fish diseases research of 0.2 mL Streptococcusagalactiae is injected intraperitoneally Room provides, and attacks toxic dose through preliminary experiment and is determined as 108CPU/mL it) is infected, and records and attack continuous 14 days survival rates after poison, Variation tendency is shown in Fig. 1, wherein the 14th day survival rate data is shown in Table 2.
It analyzes Tilapia mossambica and infects survival rate after Streptococcusagalactiae, as can be seen from Figure 1 control group 6-10 after Streptococcus agalactiae infections It is the peak mortality phase, and there is no mortalities for each addition group.From two data of table it is found that infection 14 days after addition group D05 ~ Tetra- groups of survival rates of D20 are 93% ~ 97%, and reference examples D0 group only has about 73%.Tilapia mossambica Streptococcus agalactiae infections are reduced from this patent The angle of lethality says that the death rate is reduced to 5% or so from 27%, reduces 81.5% dead generation, immune protective effect is very It is prominent.In view of the residual bait of this patent feed under practical breeding environment and the excrement being discharged after digesting can continue in pond The antagonism to Streptococcusagalactiae is played, more lasting protection effect will be generated in practical breeding production.
14th day each group Tilapia mossambica survival rate after 2 streptococcal infection of table
Group Survival rate (%)
D0 73.33±6.67a
D05 93.33±3.33b
D10 96.67±3.33b
D15 96.67±3.33b
D20 93.33±6.67b
Note: data subscript represents otherness significantly (P < 0.05) without same letter.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of compound feed of tilapia for reducing streptococcus lethality, feed includes following mass percent component:
Wheat flour 15 ~ 20%, Soybean Meal 20% ~ 30%, double-low rapeseed meal 10 ~ 20%, cottonseed protein 3 ~ 5%, peanut meal 5 ~ 10%, fish meal 3 ~ 5%, rice bran meal 10 ~ 20%, soybean oil 1 ~ 3%, soyabean lecithin oil 0.5 ~ 1.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1 ~ 1.5%, choline chloride (50%) 0.2 ~ 0.5%, vitamin premix 0.2%, mineral substance premix 0.3%, bentonite 2 ~ 3%, bacillus 0.05 ~ 0.2%；It is all Percentage is mass percent.
2. compound feed of tilapia as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: bacillus is the list of Tilapia mossambica enteron aisle separation One Bacillus strain, in Tilapia mossambica Streptococcusagalactiae LB plate culture, which has maximum inhibition zone, table Now to the bacteriostasis of Tilapia mossambica Streptococcusagalactiae, the bacterium powder of the single bacterial strain containing viable bacteria concentration be 2 × 1010 ~ 3 × 1010CPU/g。
3. compound feed of tilapia as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that include the component of following mass percent: small Flour 20%, Soybean Meal 30%, double-low rapeseed meal 15%, cottonseed protein 3%, peanut meal 7%, fish meal 3%, rice bran meal 15%, soybean oil 1.5%, soyabean lecithin oil 1%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5%, choline chloride (50%) 0.3%, vitamin premix 0.2%, minerals are pre- Mixing 0.3%, bentonite 2.15%, bacillus 0.05%.
4. compound feed of tilapia as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that include the component of following mass percent: small Flour 20%, Soybean Meal 30%, double-low rapeseed meal 15%, cottonseed protein 3%, peanut meal 7%, fish meal 3%, rice bran meal 15%, soybean oil 1.5%, soyabean lecithin oil 1%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5%, choline chloride (50%) 0.3%, vitamin premix 0.2%, minerals are pre- Mixing 0.3%, bentonite 2.1%, bacillus 0.1%.
5. compound feed of tilapia as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that include the component of following mass percent: such as Compound feed of tilapia described in claim 1, it is characterised in that include the component of following mass percent: wheat flour 20%, Soybean Meal 30%, double-low rapeseed meal 15%, cottonseed protein 3%, peanut meal 7%, fish meal 3%, rice bran meal 15%, soybean oil 1.5%, soybean phosphorus Fatty oil 1%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5%, choline chloride (50%) 0.3%, vitamin premix 0.2%, mineral substance premix 0.3% are swollen Profit soil 2.05%, bacillus 0.15%.
6. compound feed of tilapia as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that include the component of following mass percent: such as Compound feed of tilapia described in claim 1, it is characterised in that include the component of following mass percent: such as claim Compound feed of tilapia described in 1, it is characterised in that include the component of following mass percent: wheat flour 20%, Soybean Meal 30%, double-low rapeseed meal 15%, cottonseed protein 3%, peanut meal 7%, fish meal 3%, rice bran meal 15%, soybean oil 1.5%, soyabean lecithin oil 1%, Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5%, choline chloride (50%) 0.3%, vitamin premix 0.2%, mineral substance premix 0.3%, bentonite 2%, Bacillus 0.2%.
7. a kind of compound feed of tilapia preparation method for reducing streptococcal infection lethality as described in claim 1, special Sign be the following steps are included:
(1) bacillus is pre-mixed in proportion with vitamin premix, mineral substance premix, bentonite, mixture homogeneity CV < 5%；The raw materials such as Soybean Meal, double-low rapeseed meal, peanut meal, fish meal, rice bran meal carry out coarse crushing, and raw material can pass through after crushing The aperture 1.0mm sieve；
(2) it mixes, is added after solid material weighing, liquid charging stock in mixing machine in proportion by all components described in claim 1 It is added after being claimed by liquid meter by spray head, mixture homogeneity CV < 7%, mixing machine should require to determine mixed according to mixture homogeneity Close the time；
(3) uniformly mixed material pelletizes, dries, being cooled to room temperature, being packaged by quenched (85 ~ 90 DEG C), extruding；Finished feed For moisture content 8 ~ 11%, water stability 2 ~ 4 minutes cylindrical particle tilapia feeds.
CN201910764876.6A 2019-08-19 2019-08-19 A kind of mixed feed and preparation method thereof reducing Tilapia mossambica streptococcus lethality Pending CN110521858A (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103392654A (en) * 2013-08-16 2013-11-20 海南省水产研究所 Streptococcicosis prevention and control method for tilapia
CN104872457A (en) * 2015-06-23 2015-09-02 通威股份有限公司 Mixed feed for improving streptococcus resistance of tilapia

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103392654A (en) * 2013-08-16 2013-11-20 海南省水产研究所 Streptococcicosis prevention and control method for tilapia
CN104872457A (en) * 2015-06-23 2015-09-02 通威股份有限公司 Mixed feed for improving streptococcus resistance of tilapia

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