CN103388821B - Gangue fuel low-speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler - Google Patents
Gangue fuel low-speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103388821B CN103388821B CN201310336344.5A CN201310336344A CN103388821B CN 103388821 B CN103388821 B CN 103388821B CN 201310336344 A CN201310336344 A CN 201310336344A CN 103388821 B CN103388821 B CN 103388821B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- air distribution
- distribution plate
- boiler
- gangue
- blast cap
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a gangue fuel low-speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler, belonging to the technical field of improvement of boiler combustion. The boiler comprises a boiler body, an upper hearth, a lower hearth, water-cooled walls, an air distribution chamber and the like, wherein a cyclone separator, a boiler tail flue, an external heat exchanger, a superheater and an economizer are arranged at the upper hearth of the boiler body; the lower hearth and the upper hearth of the boiler are connected in taper shape, four walls of the lower hearth are provided with the water-cooled walls, the air distribution chamber is arranged at the bottom of the lower hearth, a hood is arranged on an air distribution plate in the air distribution chamber, and a buried pipe is arranged at the upper part of the air distribution plate. According to the invention, by utilizing the structure of the low-speed bubbling fluidized bed, particles of gangue and carbonic shale form a particle bed layer on the air distribution plate to carry out fluidization and swelling and reach a critical flow state, and a great quantity of bubbles are generated in the bed layer, so that calorific gangue hard to combust and utilize are sufficiently utilized, and the problems of utilization of waste of gangue and carbonic shale and pollution to the environment are solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler, belong to technical field of improvement of boiler combustion.
Background technology
Gangue is the solid waste discharged in coal mining process and coal washing process, is a kind of black gray expandable rock lower, harder than coal with the phosphorus content of coal seam association in coalification course.Comprise choose from the spoil of extraction top board, base plate and interlayer and coal washing process in the digging gangue in tunnelling process, mining process wash spoil.Its main component is Al
2o
3, SiO
2.
At present, China is also in development and conceptual phase to the utilization of gangue.A large amount of gangues is thrown aside, not only takies tract, and the sulfide in gangue is overflowed or the meeting of leaching atmosphere pollution, farmland and water body; Hillock also can spontaneous combustion breaking out of fire, or in avalanche in rainy season, silts river up and cause disaster.According to statistics, China accumulates gangue and reaches more than 1,000,000,000 tons, also will discharge gangue 100,000,000 tons every year.
Development and utilization gangue and carbonaceous shale make thermal power generation fuel, not only waste resource is fully utilized, generating electricity the slag produced can all as cement additive, meet the operational mode of green, environmental protection, energy-conservation fundamental state policy and recycling economy, and coal-fired resource is withered calls on to overcoming, weaken the restriction that fuel factor is produced thermoelectricity, reducing production cost will play positive, important effect.
In order to pollution abatement, to effective utilization of gangue waste material, Ye You enterprise starts gangue to be used for generating, but existing method mainly adopts fluidized bed furnace, use is washed middle coal and is washed the generating of cash multifuel combustion, can not separately with gangue waste material for combustion material, the CFBB of common power plant cannot be more then combustion material with gangue waste material.Its reason is, 1, Load of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler only can reach 80 ~ 90T/h, and fluidized-bed temperature is difficult to stablize; 2, gangue, culm are because ash is heavy, phosphorus content is low, heat is low, can produce a large amount of returning charge and cause separator to block during burning, often occur the problem that the not smooth Ge of returning charge collapses; 3, CFBB smoke evacuation temperatures as high 170 ~ 180 DEG C, the flue gas of boiler does not have waste heat recovery, and due to chimney outer wall radiation and convection a large amount of heat leakages workshop surrounding cause thermal pollution.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, there is provided a kind of to be improved by the burner hearth fluid bed to CFBB, furnace water cooling wall construction and furnace wall etc., change the combustion system of existing CFBB, make gangue grain with the state of class quasi-fluid, air distribution plate is formed particle layers and carries out fluidisation and expansion, reach critical fluidized state, and a large amount of bubbling occurs in bed, can adopt lower than the low-calorie gangue of 1000kcal/kg, culm is fuel.The existing CFBB of thorough solution cannot carry out the coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler of low heating value coal gangue combustion problem.
The present invention realizes above-mentioned purpose by the following technical solutions:
This coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler is made up of body of heater, upper furnace, cyclone separator, boiler back end ductwork, external heat exchanger, superheater, economizer, scum pipe, charging aperture, cyclone separator and boiler back end ductwork are equipped with in the top of body of heater, external heat exchanger is equipped with in the outlet of boiler back end ductwork, and external heat exchanger is connected with economizer with superheater; The bottom of body of heater is manufactured with lower furnace; The left and right wall in middle part of body of heater and front wall are equipped with eight charging apertures, the discharging point of charging aperture communicates with lower furnace, below lower furnace, scum pipe is housed, it is characterized in that: described upper furnace is connected with lower furnace is tapered, the wall of lower furnace is equipped with water-cooling wall, the bottom of lower furnace is manufactured with air compartment, and the junction of lower furnace and air compartment is manufactured with air distribution plate; Air distribution plate is furnished with blast cap, and blast cap adopts arranged in squares on air distribution plate, and spacing is 70mm, and blast cap is divided into six air holes and eight air holes two kinds, arranges the blast cap of eight air holes, the blast cap of all the other layouts six air holes around air distribution plate four circle Monday and cold cinder notch; Pipe laying is equipped with on the top of air distribution plate, and pipe laying is the oblique layout of both ends high, middle low, and two of pipe laying is high-endly connected with the water pipe of water-cooling wall, and two low sides of pipe laying are connected by pipe laying header.
Described discharging point is 2.85m apart from the height of air distribution plate; The blast cap that described air distribution plate is arranged above is 7144, and the air holes diameter on blast cap is 5.6mm.
The present invention's beneficial effect is compared with prior art:
1, the present invention utilizes low speed bubbling fluidization bed structure, change the combustion system of existing CFBB, make gangue, culm stone grain is with the state of class quasi-fluid, air distribution plate is formed particle layers and carries out fluidisation and expansion, reach critical fluidized state, and in bed, there is a large amount of bubbling, realize lower than 1000kcal/kg gangue low in calories, culm burning is used for thermal power generation, make the medium-heat-value coal spoil being difficult to burn and utilize, culm is fully used, thoroughly solve gangue, culmiferous twice laid and the pollution problem to environment,
2, fuel-feed open height of the present invention reaches 2.85m, and burner hearth area reaches 32.7 ㎡, 14.7 ㎡s larger than same specification boiler furnace area; And set up 30 screens totally 90 pipe layings and forward and backward wall water screen tube; Be distributed with 7144 umbellate form blast caps above bed surface and air distribution plate, air distribution plate four encloses and arranges the blast cap of eight air holes around cold cinder notch Monday, and to strengthen edge bed stream, all the other arrange the blast cap of six air holes; Make gangue abundant in burner hearth combustion, thermal efficiency ratio same specification boiler improves about 25%, and its gross coal consumption rate reaches 2.235kg (gangue or culm)/kwh, and calorific value reaches about 1000kcal/kg.
3, fuel discharging point of the present invention is from traditional height bringing up to 2.85m lower than 1.5m, makes gangue, culm fuel has longer preheating time before entering boiler bed body, greatly reduces the impact on bed temperature when coal gangue fuel enters a bed body.Coal gangue fuel enters through strong disturbance and mixing after a body, and be diffused at once in high warm material layer, be rapidly heated to ignition temperature, ignition is fast.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler;
Fig. 2 is the front view of coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidization bed boiler furnace;
Fig. 3 is the side view of coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidization bed boiler furnace;
Fig. 4 is the front view of coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler cloth wind system;
Fig. 5 is the side view of coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler cloth wind system;
Fig. 6 is the top view of coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler cloth wind system;
Fig. 7 is the front view of coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler cloth air compartment;
Fig. 8 is the side view of coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler cloth air compartment;
Fig. 9 is the front view of coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed Wind cap for boiler;
Figure 10 is the top view of coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed Wind cap for boiler;
Figure 11 is that coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidization bed boiler water-cooling system and pipe laying are arranged
Front view;
Figure 12 is that coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidization bed boiler water-cooling system and pipe laying are arranged
Side view.
In figure: 1, body of heater, 2, upper furnace, 3, pipe laying, 4, air compartment, 5, blast cap, 6, water-cooling wall, 7, pipe laying header, 8, air distribution plate, 9, lower furnace, 10, discharging point, 11, cyclone separator, 12, boiler back end ductwork, 13, external heat exchanger, 14, superheater, 15, economizer, 16, scum pipe, 17, charging aperture, 18, air holes.
Detailed description of the invention
This coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler is made up of body of heater 1, upper furnace 2, lower furnace 9, cyclone separator 11, boiler back end ductwork 12, external heat exchanger 13, superheater 14, economizer 15, scum pipe 16, charging aperture 17, cyclone separator 11 and boiler back end ductwork 12 are equipped with in the top of body of heater 1, the outlet of boiler back end ductwork 12 is equipped with external heat exchanger 13, external heat exchanger 13 is connected with economizer 15 with superheater 14; The bottom of body of heater 1 is manufactured with lower furnace 9; The left and right wall in middle part of body of heater 1 and front wall are equipped with eight charging apertures 17, and the discharging point of charging aperture 17 communicates with lower furnace 9, and scum pipe 16 is housed below lower furnace 9.Described upper furnace 2 is connected with lower furnace 9 is tapered, and make larger 4970 mm × 3290 mm of the fluid bed emulsion zone of lower furnace 9, effective area is increased to 32.7m2, adds 14.7 ㎡ than original effective area.Water-cooling wall 6 wall of lower furnace 9 is equipped with.The bottom of lower furnace 9 is manufactured with air compartment 4, and lower furnace 9 is manufactured with air distribution plate 8 with the junction of air compartment 4, and air distribution plate 8 is that two pieces of aerofoils are formed, and air distribution plate 8 is furnished with blast cap 5; Blast cap 5 adopts arranged in squares on air distribution plate 8, and spacing is 70mm, and blast cap 5 is divided into six air holes and eight air holes two kinds, arranges the blast cap 5 of eight air holes, the blast cap 5 of all the other layouts six air holes around air distribution plate 8 four circle Monday and cold cinder notch; Pipe laying 3 is equipped with on the top of air distribution plate 8, the pipe laying 3 oblique layout in both ends high, middle low, and two of pipe laying 3 is high-endly connected with the water pipe of water-cooling wall 6, and two low sides of pipe laying 3 are connected by pipe laying header 7.Described discharging point 10 is 2.85m apart from the height of air distribution plate 8; The blast cap 5 that described air distribution plate 8 is arranged above is 7144, and the diameter of the air holes 18 on blast cap 5 is that 5.6mm(is see accompanying drawing 1 ~ 12).
The course of work of this coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler is as follows:
First gangue, culm are broken into the particle being less than 10mm, after charging aperture 17 is sent into, join lower furnace 9 by discharging point 10.The air that air compartment 4 below air distribution plate 8 simultaneously bottom lower furnace 9 sends into enters in lower furnace 9 through blast cap 5, the flow velocity of air is made to reach 3.76m/s, this Airflow makes the wind speed in lower furnace 9 reach critical fludization velocity, in this air velocity downstream to the active force of coal gangue particle just and the mass balance of coal gangue particle, then namely gangue, culmiferous particle form the coal gangue particle bed of similar fluid state, the coal gangue particle bed be positioned on air distribution plate 8 starts fluidisation and expansion, reaches critical fluidized state.A large amount of bubbling phenomenon can be there is in particle layers.Occur in bed by the bubble phase containing particle rareness and the two-phase state formed containing the Emulsion Phase that particle is numerous.Bed stirs strong but still has significantly in the bed interface of fluctuation.Burning is seethed up and down in the lower furnace 9 of gangue, culm particle certain altitude above air distribution plate 8.The gangue newly added, culm particle enter rapid ignition in the boiling bed of the large decades of times of number ratio self, and the lime-ash of after-flame is discharged outside body of heater 1 by the overfall be arranged in lower furnace 9.
Applicant is by being 2 × 2.5 ten thousand kilowatts to the installed capacity of our company, and the improvement of the boiler of yearly productive capacity 2.3 hundred million kilowatt hour, its consumption gangue, culm amount are 6.854 × 10
5ton, its gross coal consumption rate is 2.98kg (gangue, culm)/kw.h.
It is as shown in the table for important technological parameters before and after its transformation.
Important technological parameters before and after coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler improvement
From result above, after transformation, boiler thermal output is by raising about 25%, and its gross coal consumption rate reaches 2.235kg gangue/kwh, and its calorific value is: 4186KJ/kg, is about 1000kcal/kg.Calculate according to the annual 4600h of operation, then gross generation is: 50000kw × 4600h=2.3 × 10
8kw.h;
Year consumes gangue amount: 2.3 × 10
8kw.h × 2.235kg/kw.h ÷ 1000=5.1405 × 10
5t
The amount of Spring Festival holidays gangue: 6.854 × 10
5-5.1405 × 10
5=1.7135 × 10
5t.
The calorific value getting gangue is 4186KJ/kg, is about 1000kcal/kg.
Amounting to mark coal is: 1.7135 × 10
5× 1000kcal/kg ÷ 7000kcal/ kg=24478.6tce/a.
According to domestic similar power-plant operation situation, power plant accounts for 13 ~ 15% of generated energy from power consumption, and project gets 14%.Therefore, the application's year amount of energy saving is about: 24478.6 × (1-14%)=21051.6 tce/a.
The above is the detailed description of the invention of this invention, above-mentioned illustrating is not construed as limiting flesh and blood of the present invention, person of an ordinary skill in the technical field can make an amendment above-mentioned detailed description of the invention or be out of shape after having read this description, and does not deviate from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. a coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler, it is made up of body of heater (1), upper furnace (2), cyclone separator (11), boiler back end ductwork (12), external heat exchanger (13), superheater (14), economizer (15), scum pipe (16), charging aperture (17), cyclone separator (11) and boiler back end ductwork (12) are equipped with in the top of body of heater (1), the outlet of boiler back end ductwork (12) is equipped with external heat exchanger (13), external heat exchanger (13) is connected with economizer (15) with superheater (14); The bottom of body of heater (1) is manufactured with lower furnace (9); The left and right wall in middle part of body of heater (1) and front wall are equipped with eight charging apertures (17), the discharging point (10) of charging aperture (17) communicates with lower furnace (9), scum pipe (16) is housed below lower furnace (9), it is characterized in that: described upper furnace (2) is connected with lower furnace (9) is tapered, water-cooling wall (6) wall of lower furnace (9) is equipped with, the bottom of lower furnace (9) is manufactured with air compartment (4), and lower furnace (9) is manufactured with air distribution plate (8) with the junction of air compartment (4); Air distribution plate (8) is furnished with blast cap (5), blast cap (5) adopts arranged in squares on air distribution plate (8), spacing is 70mm, blast cap (5) is divided into six air holes and eight air holes two kinds, air distribution plate (8) four encloses and arranges the blast cap (5) of eight air holes around cold cinder notch Monday, and all the other arrange the blast cap (5) of six air holes; Pipe laying (3) is equipped with on the top of air distribution plate (8), the oblique layout of pipe laying (3) in both ends high, middle low, and two of pipe laying (3) is high-endly connected with the water pipe of water-cooling wall (6), and two low sides of pipe laying (3) are connected by pipe laying header (7).
2. coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described discharging point (10) is 2.85m apart from the height of air distribution plate (8).
3. coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the blast cap (5) that described air distribution plate (8) is arranged above is 7144, and the diameter of the air holes (18) on blast cap (5) is 5.6mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310336344.5A CN103388821B (en) | 2013-08-05 | 2013-08-05 | Gangue fuel low-speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310336344.5A CN103388821B (en) | 2013-08-05 | 2013-08-05 | Gangue fuel low-speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103388821A CN103388821A (en) | 2013-11-13 |
| CN103388821B true CN103388821B (en) | 2015-04-08 |
Family
ID=49533177
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310336344.5A Expired - Fee Related CN103388821B (en) | 2013-08-05 | 2013-08-05 | Gangue fuel low-speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103388821B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105444144B (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2018-02-13 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | For using the 300MWCFB boilers and layout method of oil shale |
| CN107654990A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-02-02 | 苏州海陆重工股份有限公司 | A kind of vertical corner tube type bubbling bed boiler |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5156099A (en) * | 1988-08-31 | 1992-10-20 | Ebara Corporation | Composite recycling type fluidized bed boiler |
| CN1800708A (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2006-07-12 | 刘杰 | Fluidized bed boiler for burning gangue |
| CN2919034Y (en) * | 2006-07-17 | 2007-07-04 | 夏正 | Natural circulation single fluidized bed boiler |
| KR20090019377A (en) * | 2007-08-21 | 2009-02-25 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | The air distribution nozzle for fluidizing of fluidized bed boiler and its assembling method |
| CN102012097A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2011-04-13 | 山东圣威新能源有限公司 | Fluidized bed oil and water dual-medium circulation boiler |
| CN102901212A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-01-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Low-range circulating fluidized bed water boiler for combusting inferior fuel and combustion method thereof |
| CN203431839U (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2014-02-12 | 湖北松源矸石发电有限公司 | Coal gangue fuel low-speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler |
-
2013
- 2013-08-05 CN CN201310336344.5A patent/CN103388821B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5156099A (en) * | 1988-08-31 | 1992-10-20 | Ebara Corporation | Composite recycling type fluidized bed boiler |
| CN1800708A (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2006-07-12 | 刘杰 | Fluidized bed boiler for burning gangue |
| CN2919034Y (en) * | 2006-07-17 | 2007-07-04 | 夏正 | Natural circulation single fluidized bed boiler |
| KR20090019377A (en) * | 2007-08-21 | 2009-02-25 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | The air distribution nozzle for fluidizing of fluidized bed boiler and its assembling method |
| CN102012097A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2011-04-13 | 山东圣威新能源有限公司 | Fluidized bed oil and water dual-medium circulation boiler |
| CN102901212A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-01-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Low-range circulating fluidized bed water boiler for combusting inferior fuel and combustion method thereof |
| CN203431839U (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2014-02-12 | 湖北松源矸石发电有限公司 | Coal gangue fuel low-speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103388821A (en) | 2013-11-13 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102901212B (en) | Low-range circulating fluidized bed water boiler for combusting inferior fuel and combustion method thereof | |
| CN101586799B (en) | Moderate temperature moderate voltage steam boiler capable of burning down the blast furnace gas | |
| CN101995016B (en) | Circulating fluidized bed boiler device using low calorific value coal gangue for post ignition | |
| Liu et al. | Effect of FGR position on the characteristics of combustion, emission and flue gas temperature deviation in a 1000 MW tower-type double-reheat boiler with deep-air-staging | |
| CN102287813A (en) | Boiler device adopting cyclone-burning method | |
| CN206398704U (en) | A kind of multi fuel multifuel combustion fluidized-bed combustion boiler | |
| CN202382230U (en) | Fluid bed furnace | |
| CN103388821B (en) | Gangue fuel low-speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler | |
| CN101639216B (en) | Stable combustion method of coal water slurry boiler and device thereof | |
| CN203431839U (en) | Coal gangue fuel low-speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler | |
| CN202598491U (en) | Coal water slurry low-nitrogen rotational flow combustion boiler | |
| CN102679390B (en) | Compound furnace arch and compound secondary air structure for cooperatively controlling generation of nitrogen oxide (NOX) | |
| CN207279612U (en) | A kind of water-coal-slurry circulating fluidized bed boiler based on fluidised form reconstruct | |
| CN204388074U (en) | A kind of isobaric air compartment being applicable to CFB garbage burning boiler | |
| CN103528053A (en) | Method for burning fuels with ultralow heat value such as coal gangue and slag for circulating fluidized bed boiler | |
| CN210004379U (en) | circulating fluidized bed boiler suitable for burning stone coal with extremely low calorific value | |
| CN105091320A (en) | CWS (Coal Water Slurry) hot water boiler system | |
| CN102128446A (en) | Boiler for carrying out mixed combustion on carbon black tail gas and coal | |
| CN102818258B (en) | Boiler large-chamfer four-corner tangential firing technology and furnace arrangement method | |
| CN103090406B (en) | Biomass boiler | |
| CN204554796U (en) | A kind of inverted steps formula furnace boiler | |
| CN203501161U (en) | Coal slurry burning boiler | |
| CN205678661U (en) | CFB boiler tertiary air system | |
| CN103557518B (en) | The organic working medium boiler of slime burning | |
| CN101078516A (en) | Circulating fluidized bed combustion device and its combustion method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150408 Termination date: 20180805 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |