CN101078516A

CN101078516A - Circulating fluidized bed combustion device and its combustion method

Info

Publication number: CN101078516A
Application number: CN 200710011981
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯之军
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-07-06
Filing date: 2007-07-06
Publication date: 2007-11-28
Anticipated expiration: 2027-07-06
Also published as: CN100478612C

Abstract

The invention discloses a burning device of cycle fluidized bed and the burning method. Insulation furnace wall at the boiling section is set at the lower part boiling section of boiling combustor and heat pipes are set on the furnace wall at the upper part of insulation furnace wall in the boiling section. A suspending partition wall is set at the top of burning dust hose with heating pipes so that the upper part of burning dust house is divided into B, C burning cavity, which are connected with each other at the bottom. The burning dust house is connected with the boiling burning house and the convection heat exchanging house by smoke holes at two sides of partition wall respectively. Buried pipes in conventional cycle fluidized bed are canceled and at the same time high-temperature separator of cycle fluidized bed is canceled. The method of dust in large space is adopted and in this way while the height of cycle fluidized bed is decreased staying time of hot smoke in burning dust room is increased so that burning is more sufficient and dust is better. At the same time the machining cost for cycle fluidized bed and the building cost for boiler room are decreased. Not only the service life is prolonged and the running is reliable but also the frequent maintenance can be avoided. It is provided with completely burning, high heat efficiency and it decreases the pollution to environment by black smoke.

Description

A kind of burning device of circulating fluidized bed and combustion method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of burner and adopt the combustion method of this device, more particularly relate to a kind of burning device of circulating fluidized bed and combustion method thereof, the colm of be suitable for burning low volatile, high ash content, lower calorific value.

Background technology

Burning device of circulating fluidized bed is the pressure-air that utilizes in the air compartment, and fluidized state is blown out in the coal seam, makes a kind of coal-burning boiler of the upper and lower burning of rolling of coal grain.The fire grate of this boiler-burner is made by the steel plate or the cast iron plate that are uniform-distribution with band wind hole, inserts embedding on the wind hole and blast cap.High-pressure blast is blown into the furnace charge layer by the wind hole, the coal grain that fluidized state is scorching hot mixes with air under the stirring of high-pressure blast, thereby the burning condition of coal grain is good, adaptability to coal is very extensive, can burn the especially colm of low volatile, high ash content, lower calorific value, even gangue can both smooth combustion.As in boiling bed, adding lime stone, through vigorous agitation, can fully remove the sulphur content in the fuel, both can avoid cold end corrosion, can reduce environmental pollution again.But the pipe laying of the indoor boiling section of Boiling Combustion of this burning device of circulating fluidized bed very easily damages under the bump of high temperature and high speed coal particle, needs frequent maintain and replace.Pipe laying is because caloric receptivity greatly often easily causes the burning of coal grain insufficient simultaneously.For make coal grain burning fully, usually the Boiling Combustion chamber of recirculating fluidized bed is increased to 13-18M, but has caused increasing of relevant construction costs such as the manufacturing cost of equipment and boiler room.Do not burn after red-hot pyrotechnics enters the burning dust-settling compartment when Boiling Combustion is indoor, burning dust-settling compartment space is diminished greatly, cause flue gas flow rate to accelerate because the burning dust-settling compartment is equipped with high-temperature separator.Therefore, the coal particle that does not burn does not have enough time to burn away in the burning dust-settling compartment as yet in a large number, just enters convection heat-exchange chamber and gets rid of by air-introduced machine.Therefore, often produce a large amount of black smokes, brought pollution to environment.And owing to what adopt is the high speed depositing dust, and the high-temperature separator in the dust-settling compartment that therefore burns is very easily wearing and tearing also, needs often replacing, has brought inconvenience for the application of circulation fluidized-bed combustion boiler.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of burning device of circulating fluidized bed and combustion method thereof, it not only long service life, reliable, can remove frequent maintenance from, and the indoor coal particle that does not burn of Boiling Combustion can enter burning and burnt fully in the dust-settling compartment, thereby can reduce the height of Boiling Combustion chamber greatly, have thermal efficiency height, pollute little characteristics.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this, it includes the Boiling Combustion chamber, has the burning dust-settling compartment and the convection heat-exchange chamber of material returning device, the bottom boiling section that it is characterized in that the Boiling Combustion chamber is provided with boiling section insulation furnace wall, on the furnace wall on boiling section insulation furnace wall top heat exchanger tube is installed; A partition wall that suspends is arranged at interior its top of burning dust-settling compartment that has heat exchanger tube, burning dust-settling compartment top is divided into the burning dust fall chamber that two bottoms of A, B are communicated with, and the burning dust-settling compartment communicates with Boiling Combustion chamber and the convection heat-exchange chamber that has heat exchanger tube by the cigarette hole of partition wall both sides respectively.

A kind of combustion method that adopts burning device of circulating fluidized bed, its special card is at first to add timber by fire door, and circulating fluid bed timber is ignited; And then by firing machine to the indoor particulate coal that adds of Boiling Combustion; Sending into temperature by bottom high-pressure blast inlet simultaneously is 100-110 ℃ of high-pressure blast, coal particles Boiling Combustion under the high-pressure blast effect; High-temperature flue gas is under the air-introduced machine effect, fully burns in the burning B chamber that enters the burning dust-settling compartment through outlet flue, and rising in the partition wall flue gas that suspends in the dust-settling compartment through the burning burning C chamber that enters the burning dust-settling compartment that flows downward, enters convection heat-exchange chamber through outlet flue again; By air-introduced machine surplus cigarette is drawn boiler at last.High-temperature flue gas in the A of Boiling Combustion chamber fully burns through burning B, C chamber that outlet flue enters the burning dust-settling compartment, heavy particle in the flue gas under the gravity effect in the burning B, C chamber of burning dust-settling compartment sedimentation go into to loop back in the hopper, in material returning device, feed back pipe send back to Boiling Combustion chamber A, burn away.

Advantage of the present invention is, because the boiling section in the Boiling Combustion chamber is provided with the insulation furnace wall and has cancelled pipe laying, reduced the loss of bottom, Boiling Combustion chamber heat, makes the temperature high combustion of Boiling Combustion chamber more abundant, and saved maintenance and changed the trouble of pipe laying; Again owing in the burning dust-settling compartment, cancelled high-temperature separator and the divider wall that suspends be installed, therefore, strengthened the space of burning dust-settling compartment, flow velocity descends fast after making red-hot pyrotechnics enter the burning dust-settling compartment, red-hot pyrotechnics can be fully burned in the burning dust-settling compartment, because the combustion space of burning dust-settling compartment is strengthened, therefore can reduce the height of Boiling Combustion chamber, and removed from and having changed and the maintenance high-temperature separator, have long service life, sufficient combustion, thermal efficiency height, greatly reduce the discharging of coal fired boiler black smoke.

Description of drawings

The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Fig. 1 is a concrete structure generalized section of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is that the A-A of Fig. 1 is to view.

Fig. 3 is the top plan view of Fig. 1.

The specific embodiment

In Fig. 1-3, the furnace wall 12 in the A of Boiling Combustion chamber directly builds by laying bricks or stones with wear-resisting, exotic material, and heat exchanger tube 4 is fixed on the epimere of Boiling Combustion chamber A.Be separately installed with in the bottom of Boiling Combustion chamber A slag dropping tube 1, blast cap 2, feeder 3,, loop back hopper 9, feed back pipe 11, high pressure air intake vent 13 and fire door 14.Upper end at Boiling Combustion chamber A also is provided with outlet flue 6.Burning has a partition wall that suspends 7 in the dust-settling compartment, and will the burn epicoele of dust-settling compartment of partition wall 7 is separated into two combustion chambers of B, C, and the width ratio of B, C combustion chamber is 2: 1.The outlet flue 6 of Boiling Combustion chamber A communicates with the burning B chamber of burning dust-settling compartment on the top of burning dust-settling compartment.The outlet flue 15 of burning dust-settling compartment communicates with adjacent convection heat-exchange chamber 8 on the top in burning C chamber, and the outlet flue of convection heat-exchange chamber 8 is equipped with air-introduced machine.Be equipped with below burning dust-settling compartment partition wall 7 and loop back hopper 9, the bottom that loops back hopper 9 also is equipped with spiral feed back pipe 11.The other end of spiral feed back pipe 11 communicates with Boiling Combustion chamber A.

During work, at first add timber, the timber in the A of Boiling Combustion chamber is lighted by fire door 14; And then in the A of Boiling Combustion chamber, add particulate coal by feeder 3; At this moment sending into temperature by bottom high-pressure blast inlet 13 again is 100-110 ℃ high-pressure blast, makes coal particles be the burning of boiling shape under the high-pressure blast effect in Boiling Combustion chamber A sent into wind by blast cap 2; The red-hot flue gas of high temperature in the A of Boiling Combustion chamber is under the air-introduced machine graviational interaction, the burning B chamber that enters the burning dust-settling compartment through outlet flue 6 burns away, rising to reach fully again and burn in the flow downward burning C chamber that enters the burning dust-settling compartment of the red-hot flue gas of partition wall 7 high temperature that suspends in the dust-settling compartment through burning, enters convection heat-exchange chamber 8 through outlet flue 15 then; After the wall-cooling surface 8 that the indoor waste heat of heat convection is installed by chamber interior walls absorbs, by air-introduced machine surplus cigarette is drawn boiler at last.The indoor high-temperature flue gas of Boiling Combustion fully burns through burning B, the C chamber of Boiling Combustion chamber A and burning dust-settling compartment, heavy particle in the flue gas under the gravity effect in the burning B, C chamber of burning dust-settling compartment sedimentation go in the cyclically charging bucket 9, in material returning device 10, feed back pipe 11 send back to Boiling Combustion chamber A, burn away.

Because pipe laying has been cancelled in the bottom of Boiling Combustion chamber A, simultaneously with the highly corresponding raising of layout of heat exchanger tube 4, and the furnace wall in the A of Boiling Combustion chamber 12 directly builds by laying bricks or stones with wear-resisting, exotic material and forms, can the interior ignition temperature of corresponding raising Boiling Combustion chamber A.In the burning dust-settling compartment owing to cancelled high-temperature separator and built a block wall 7, the dust-settling compartment that will burn is divided into two large-scale combustion chambeies of the right C of left B, guaranteed that high-temperature flue gas burns away in two big chambeies of B, C, like this, both increase the time of staying of flue gas in stove, can reduce the height of Boiling Combustion chamber A.Can after flue gas enters two burn B, C chambeies of burning dust-settling compartment, reduce by flow velocity again, the coal particle that does not burn is fallen, finish the depositing dust of flue gas, realize the separation of flue dust effectively.Drop to the circulation hopper 9 of bottom at the coal particle that does not burn after, send back in the A of Boiling Combustion chamber through material returning device 10 and feed back pipe 11 and to burn away.Simultaneously, extended the burning time of staying of flue gas greatly, make red-hot smoke combustion more abundant, greatly reduce the quantity of floating dust owing in the burning dust-settling compartment, increased partition wall 7 between B, the C; Owing to cancelled high-temperature separator, reduced maintenance rate.Not only long service life, reliable, the trouble that can remove frequent maintenance from, and the coal particle that does not burn in the A of Boiling Combustion chamber can enter burning and burnt fully in the dust-settling compartment, thereby can reduce the height of Boiling Combustion chamber greatly, have thermal efficiency height, pollute little characteristics.

Claims

1, a kind of burning device of circulating fluidized bed, it includes the Boiling Combustion chamber, has the burning dust-settling compartment and the convection heat-exchange chamber of material returning device, the bottom boiling section that it is characterized in that the Boiling Combustion chamber is provided with boiling section insulation furnace wall, on the furnace wall on boiling section insulation furnace wall top heat exchanger tube is installed; A partition wall that suspends is arranged at interior its top of burning dust-settling compartment that has heat exchanger tube, burning dust-settling compartment top is divided into the burning dust fall chamber that two bottoms of A, B are communicated with, and the burning dust-settling compartment communicates with Boiling Combustion chamber and the convection heat-exchange chamber that has heat exchanger tube by the cigarette hole of partition wall both sides respectively.

2, a kind of burning device of circulating fluidized bed according to claim 1 is characterized in that the A of described burning dust-settling compartment, B chamber width ratio are 2: 1.

3, a kind of combustion method that adopts claim 1 burning device of circulating fluidized bed, its special card is at first to add timber by fire door, and circulating fluid bed timber is ignited; And then by firing machine to the indoor particulate coal that adds of Boiling Combustion; Sending into temperature by bottom high-pressure blast inlet simultaneously is 100-110 ℃ of high-pressure blast, coal particles Boiling Combustion under the high-pressure blast effect; High-temperature flue gas is under the air-introduced machine effect, fully burns in the burning B chamber that enters the burning dust-settling compartment through outlet flue, and rising in the partition wall flue gas that suspends in the dust-settling compartment through the burning burning C chamber that enters the burning dust-settling compartment that flows downward, enters convection heat-exchange chamber through outlet flue again; By air-introduced machine surplus cigarette is drawn boiler at last.High-temperature flue gas in the A of Boiling Combustion chamber fully burns through burning B, C chamber that outlet flue enters the burning dust-settling compartment, heavy particle in the flue gas under the gravity effect in the burning B, C chamber of burning dust-settling compartment sedimentation go into to loop back in the hopper, in material returning device, feed back pipe send back to Boiling Combustion chamber A, burn away.