Summary of the invention
The purpose of the utility model is in order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of safe, energy-conservation, efficient, low nitrogen, the stable low nitrogen swirl flow combustion boiler of water-coal-slurry of low load combustion to be provided.
The concrete technical scheme of the low nitrogen swirl flow combustion boiler of a kind of water-coal-slurry of the utility model is:
A kind of water-coal-slurry is hanged down nitrogen swirl flow combustion boiler, comprises burner hearth, water screen tube, convection bank, drum and back-end ductwork, wherein; Burner hearth comprises stable burning room and burning chamber, and stable burning room is arranged on the porch of burner hearth, and the front wall of stable burning room is provided with at least one burner; The outlet of stable burning room is docked with burning chamber; Burning chamber is vertical layout, and water screen tube is set in the burning chamber, and the exit of burning chamber is provided with convection bank and drum; Drum adopts the double-barrel transverse mode, is provided with flue after the convection bank.
Further, the top of stable burning room is formed with chimney arch top, the elevation angle, and the angle of the angle of elevation alpha on chimney arch top is 10 °~20 °.
Further, the bottom of the front wall of stable burning room is provided with tertiary air orifice.
Further, the water screen tube of burning chamber front side forms sparse water-cooling wall in the exit of stable burning room.
Further, the bottom of stable burning room is provided with the hot ash bucket of anti-coking, and the top of stable burning room is provided with wall with refractory lining, refracto.
Further, the water screen tube of burning chamber's rear side forms furnace arch, furnace nose in the lower edge inwardly protruding of burning chamber's outlet.
Further, the both walls of burning chamber is provided with and separates the after-flame air port.
Further, be respectively arranged with a horizontal gas baffle on two sidewalls of convection bank, high-temperature flue gas three stroke transversal flow convection banks, the flow process of flue gas is S-shaped.
Further, the front wall of stable burning room is provided with a burner, and burner arrangement is at the geometric center place of front wall; Perhaps, the front wall of stable burning room is provided with two burners, and burner horizontal symmetrical or vertical symmetry are arranged on the front wall; Perhaps, the front wall of stable burning room is provided with three burners, and burner is positive triangle and arranges on front wall; Perhaps, the front wall of stable burning room is provided with four burners, and burner is arranged in squares on front wall.
Further, the angle of inclination beta of top or following two burners in stove on the front wall of stable burning room is 5 °~7 °.
The low nitrogen swirl flow combustion boiler of the water-coal-slurry of the utility model can improve security and stability, combustion heat-exchange efficient, has realized fractional combustion again, suppresses NO effectively
xGeneration, low azo-cycle is protected discharging, and the coal adaptability of coal water slurry fuel is wideer, the low-load combustion-stabilizing adjustment is more convenient, compares with traditional cool water mixture burning mode, greatly reduces NO
xDischarging, NO
xCan be reduced to 200~300mg/m
3(butt, mark attitude, 6%O
2) below, meet the requirement of China's energy-saving and emission-reduction.
The specific embodiment
In order better to understand purpose, structure and the function of the utility model,, the low nitrogen swirl flow combustion boiler of a kind of water-coal-slurry of the utility model is done further detailed description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The low nitrogen swirl flow combustion boiler of the water-coal-slurry of the utility model as shown in Figure 1 comprises structures such as burner hearth, water screen tube 5, drum 6, convection bank 3 and back-end ductwork 4.Wherein, The emphasis of the utility model improves and is that burner hearth comprises stable burning room 1 and burning chamber 2, and during work, water-coal-slurry at first sprays in the stable burning room 1 burns; Flue gas carries the water-coal-slurry particle that do not burn and gets into and burn in the burning chamber 2 and cool off subsequently, has guaranteed low load stable combustion thus.
The preposition precombustion chamber that the low nitrogen swirl flow combustion boiler of the water-coal-slurry of the utility model will have boiler now is transformed into preposition stable burning room; This is difficulty because water-coal-slurry is burnt in earlier stage; Moisture content in the water-coal-slurry can absorb the part heat that coal dust firing discharges; Produce a large amount of water vapours, make the furnace flame temperature descend, be unfavorable for the steady combustion of the early metaphase of water-coal-slurry.And the low nitrogen swirl flow combustion boiler of the water-coal-slurry of the utility model makes water-coal-slurry concentrate at the heat that stable burning room discharges, and before getting into cooling chamber, burns basically, rather than just burns at the furnace outlet place, has effectively improved the burn-out degree of water-coal-slurry.
The concrete structure of facing the low nitrogen swirl flow combustion boiler of water-coal-slurry of the utility model down further describes: the burner hearth of the low nitrogen swirl flow combustion boiler of the water-coal-slurry of the utility model comprises stable burning room 1 and burning chamber 2; Stable burning room 1 is arranged on the porch of burner hearth; The outlet of stable burning room 1 is docked with burning chamber 2, and burning chamber 2 is vertical layout.
Wherein, the front wall e of stable burning room 1 and both walls are heavy furnace wall structure, and front wall e is provided with one or more burners 7; The top of stable burning room 1 is provided with chimney arch top, the elevation angle 101, and is laid with wall with refractory lining, refracto 102; The exit of stable burning room 1 is furnished with sparse water-cooling wall 103; The bottom of stable burning room 1 is provided with the hot ash bucket 105 of anti-coking.
Specifically, referring to figs. 1 to 3, the front wall e of stable burning room 1 is provided with at least one burner 7, and burner 7 concrete arrangement forms can be referring to Fig. 2 a to 2d.Wherein, Fig. 2 a has shown that the front wall e of stable burning room 1 is provided with single burner 7, and burner 7 preferred arrangements are at the geometric center place of the front wall e of stable burning room 1 at this moment; Fig. 2 b has shown that the front wall e of stable burning room 1 is provided with two burners 7, and this moment, burner 7 preferred levels symmetries or vertical symmetry were arranged on the front wall e; Fig. 2 c has shown that the front wall e of stable burning room 1 is provided with three burners 7, and burner 7 preferably was positive triangle and arranged on front wall e this moment, and the angle of inclination beta of following two burners 7 in stove be preferably 5 °~7 °, can be referring to Fig. 3; Fig. 2 d has shown that the front wall e of stable burning room 1 is provided with four burners 7, and this moment, burner preferably was arranged in squares on front wall e, and upper and lower two burners 7 all are preferably 5 °~7 ° to stove leaning angle β, can be referring to Fig. 3.
In actual production, for the Industrial Boiler of relatively large tonnage, burner 7 preferred arrangements on the front wall e of its stable burning room 1 are for being equilateral triangle, promptly shown in Fig. 2 c; And the bigger Industrial Boiler of tonnage, then burner 7 preferred arrangements on the front wall e of its stable burning room 1 are for being square, promptly shown in Fig. 2 d.And; Following two or upper and lower two burners 7 in these two kinds of arrangements all are preferably 5 °~7 ° to stove leaning angle β, so, can so that water-coal-slurry flame support mutually; When guaranteeing the steady combustion of water-coal-slurry, and can effectively prevent the both walls coking phenomenon.In addition, the arrangement of this burner makes boiler wideer to the coal adaptability of coal water slurry fuel, and more is applicable to the low-load combustion-stabilizing adjustment.
Disclosed turbulent burner among the said burner 7 preferred employing patent CN201120081644.X (name is called the low nitrogen turbulent burner of water-coal-slurry) is so that reach better combustion efficiency.And the bottom of the front wall e of stable burning room 1 also can be provided with tertiary air orifice 104; Through tertiary air orifice 104 input tertiary airs, both played the effect of holder powder, reduce the unburned carbon loss of water-coal-slurry; Can make the bottom of stable burning room 1 be in oxidizing atmosphere again, prevent coking.
In addition, stable burning room 1 top is provided with chimney arch top 101 can be so that the heat in the stable burning room 1 be better concentrated, and the angle that chimney arch pushes up 101 angle of elevation alpha in the present embodiment is preferably 10 °~20 °.And stable burning room 1 top is provided with the temperature that wall with refractory lining, refracto 102 can improve the combustion zone in the stable burning room 1, helps fuel fire, and smooth combustion can also reduce the wearing and tearing of fuel to this regional water cold wall pipe simultaneously.
Next, as shown in Figure 1, the outlet of stable burning room 1 is docked with burning chamber 2, and burning chamber 2 is vertical layout, and burning chamber 2 is the light boiler setting structure.The front side of burning chamber 2 and rear side are provided with many water screen tubes 5, and the arrangement form of water screen tube 5 can be referring to arrangement form commonly used in this area.It should be noted; Heat exchange structures such as water screen tube are not set in the stable burning room 1 of the utility model; Because the heat that the water-coal-slurry initiation combustion discharges is absorbed by water evaporates; The flue-gas temperature level is lower, so the water screen tube in the utility model only is arranged in the burning chamber 2, therefore is referred to as stable burning room.
Wherein, the water screen tube 5 of burning chamber 2 front sides forms sparse water-cooling wall 103 in the exit of stable burning room 1.For guaranteeing the efficiency of combustion of stable burning room, it is sparse that sparse water-cooling wall 103 layouts of the utility model are compared prior art, to reduce the heat absorption of this regional water-cooling wall, is convenient to coke and burns and prevent the water-cooling wall coking.With medium-sized boiler is example, and it is 150~200mm that the gap is set between the water cooling tube of sparse water-cooling wall 103.
The water screen tube 5 of burning chamber's 2 rear sides forms furnace arch, furnace nose 201 in the lower edge inwardly protruding of burning chamber's 2 outlets, and the size of furnace arch, furnace nose 201 is specifically set according to the depth dimensions of burning chamber 2, and the length L of furnace arch, furnace nose 201 is preferably 800~1200mm in the present embodiment.Furnace arch, furnace nose 201 both can improve the degree of filling of flue gas in burning chamber 2, can prolong flame travel again, helped burning of water-coal-slurry.
In addition; Also be provided with on the both walls of burning chamber 2 to separate and burn air port 106; Separate burnt wind and burn air port 106 entering burning chamber 2 inside, separate burnt wind and can strengthen unburnt coke and Air mixing, also can improve the time of staying of coke in burning chamber 2 simultaneously from separation; Promptly guarantee burning of water-coal-slurry, helped reducing NO again
xGeneration.
The exit of burning chamber 2 is provided with convection bank 3 and two drums 6, and the drum 6 employing double-barrel transverse modes of the utility model, and convection bank 3 is the light boiler setting structure.
During the low nitrogen swirl flow combustion boiler of the water-coal-slurry of the utility model belongs to, the low-pressure boiler; In, low-pressure boiler (steam pressure 3.8MPa.g and following) is the Industrial Boiler category; The degree of superheat to steam is less demanding; The main process of working medium in boiler is (feedwater heating → stove water is evaporated to water vapour), and boiler is mainly evaporation heat absorption (be about to the saturation water heat absorption and be evaporated to saturated vapor), because the restriction of flue gas temperature of hearth outlet; Depend merely on the radiation heat absorption of burner hearth and can't satisfy the evaporation caloric receptivity that boiler requires, therefore increasing the heat absorption of convection heating surface (convection bank) help boiler evaporating becomes inevitable.
Therefore; Two kinds of convection bank layout patterns have appearred in the prior art: vertically arrange (referring to drum axis along its length and boiler symmetrical centre line parallel) and lateral arrangement (referring to that drum axis along its length is vertical with the boiler symmetrical center line); Convection bank is connected with last lower drum; Part convection bank is as down-comer, and a part of convection bank two kinds of boiler layout patterns occur thus as evaporating heating surface: two drums are vertical to be put and double-barrel transverse.Vertical the putting of two drums is mainly used in evaporation capacity 10t/h and following, and horizontal fast-assembling is arranged.Double-barrel transverse is mainly used in more than the evaporation capacity 10t/h, vertical layout, and advantage is: the furnace flame stroke is long, and boiler efficiency is arranged high than horizontal boiler.Therefore, the utility model adopts the mode of double-barrel transverse.
In addition; Be respectively arranged with a horizontal gas baffle 202 on two sidewalls of the convection bank 3 in the utility model; Two horizontal gas baffles 202 flow to high-temperature flue gas and are divided into three strokes; Make that high-temperature flue gas can the transversal flow convection bank, high-temperature flue gas flows into follow-up back-end ductwork 4 after through three turnovers, and the whole flow process of flue gas in convection bank 3 is S-shaped.The boiler of the utility model adopts three backhaul transversal flows, can strengthen the heat-transfer effect of convection bank 3, also can alleviate the fouling phenomenon in convection bank zone simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 1, also be provided with flue 4 after the convection bank 3, washed away flue gas other heating surfaces in back-end ductwork 4 of convection bank 3 after, finally discharge the low nitrogen swirl flow combustion boiler of water-coal-slurry of the utility model, get into desulfation dust-extraction device or chimney.And the flue in the utility model 4 is basically with burner hearth and is symmetrical set, and makes that boiler is whole to form inverted U-shaped shape, has effectively reduced the overall volume of boiler, has saved space and material.
More than by specific embodiment the utility model is further described; But it should be understood that; Here concrete description; Should not be construed as the qualification to the essence and the scope of the utility model, the various modifications that the one of ordinary skilled in the art makes the foregoing description after reading this specification all belong to the scope that the utility model is protected.