CN204554796U - A kind of inverted steps formula furnace boiler - Google Patents
A kind of inverted steps formula furnace boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN204554796U CN204554796U CN201520212778.9U CN201520212778U CN204554796U CN 204554796 U CN204554796 U CN 204554796U CN 201520212778 U CN201520212778 U CN 201520212778U CN 204554796 U CN204554796 U CN 204554796U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of inverted steps formula furnace boiler, comprise burner hearth, separator, material returning device, air intake and back-end ductwork, the bottom of burner hearth is located at by described air intake, the top of burner hearth is communicated with separator, the top of separator is communicated with back-end ductwork, the bottom of separator is communicated with the bottom of burner hearth by material returning device, and the middle part of described burner hearth is the step structure of diameter convergent from the bottom up; The coal mud feeding device passing into burner hearth inside is provided with at ladder place.The utility model inverted steps formula furnace boiler, arrange coal mud feeding device at ladder position, coal slime feeds has certain distance afterwards apart from next section of water-cooling wall, avoids causing the coal slime fed adherent, increase slime content and feed ratio, improve the CFBB economy using coal slime further; In addition, steppedly can play abrasionproof beam action, prevent the wearing and tearing of boiler furnace inwall, ensure that in Boiler Furnace, heat-transfer surface is arranged; Ensure efficiency of combustion.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of furnace boiler, particularly relates to a kind of inverted steps formula recirculating fluidized bed burner hearth boiler, belongs to Sector of Cfb Boilers.
Background technology
CFBB is efficient, the oligosaprobic combustion technology developed rapidly nearly decades.It has close to or reaches the efficiency of combustion of same capacity coal-powder boiler; The fuel tolerance of this combustion technology is strong, not only can use the fat coals such as bituminous coal, and the various inferior fuel of burning; Its load regulation rate is wide, can still can smooth combustion under 25% load time minimum; Low-temperature burning makes NOX growing amount few, and lime-ash is convenient to the advantages such as comprehensive utilization, is one of best clean coal combustion technology of the commercialization degree of generally acknowledging in the world.
Technology of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler development speed can not show a candle to PC boiler, and the key factor wherein restricting its development is exactly that the tear strength of CFBB is large, seriously governs the continuous operation of boiler.In the middle of existing technology, as shown in Figure 1, boiler furnace 1 is more abundant in order to burn, and is equal diameter burner hearth.Arrange air intake 4 in the bottom of boiler furnace 1, air is blown into from this, then mixes with the coal in boiler thorax stove 1 and burns.Flue gas after burning is up altered, part is carried short grained flue gas secretly and will be entered in separator 2 by passage, flue gas after being separated enters other devices by the back-end ductwork 5 on top, short grained flue gas is carried secretly by under the effect of separator 2 after separation, down alter, get back in boiler furnace 1 by material returning device 3 again, carry out burner hearth combustion again, so far realize an outer circulation.After flue gas in boiler furnace 1 after burning is up altered, because the pipeline pressure of burner hearth and separator junction is 0 pressure, therefore, carry oarse-grained flue gas secretly and cannot enter separator by this passage, and part granule flue gas also cannot enter separator, the past whereabouts that this two parts flue gas can accelerate under gravity; And due to the setting of boiler furnace 1, the air be blown into from bottom mainly concentrates on the middle part of boiler furnace 1, therefore, this part flue gas fallen in fact account for total flue gas 60% or more than, this part flue gas by the sidewall along boiler furnace 1 toward falling; Alter on this part flue gas is continuous in burner hearth and fall, forming the Inner eycle of burner hearth.Because this part flue gas fallen is owing to being mingled with bulky grain thing and small particle, therefore and easily wearing and tearing are caused to the inboard wall of burner hearth of boiler.
At present, in order to solve these wearing and tearing, the mode usually adopted is: the mode arranging abrasionproof beam 11 in boiler furnace 1 solves the wear problem of CFBB.Its principle is: show according to research, wearing and tearing are directly proportional to 3 powers of speed, are directly proportional to 2 powers of ash concentration, utilize abrasionproof beam to stop the proper flow route of the subsides water-cooling wall circulating ash of Inner eycle, wherein a large amount of circulating ash is landed in the middle part of burner hearth, to solve the problem of inboard wall of burner hearth wearing and tearing.
Practical engineering application is surperficial, and abrasionproof beam has very large mitigation to boiler hearth of circulating fluidized bed wearing and tearing.But because boiler hearth of circulating fluidized bed has the heat convection of suitable vast scale, because the Inner eycle circulating ash adherent along burner hearth is sent in the middle part of burner hearth by abrasionproof beam, ash stream concentration near circulating fluidized bed boiler water-cooling wall is reduced, boiler water wall heat absorption capacity declines, boiler carbonated drink parameter can decline, cause exchange capability of heat to weaken, cause boiler in-furnace temperature to raise, furnace outlet gas temperature raises.Because circulation is directly sent into burner hearth by abrasionproof beam, emulsion zone bed material can be caused to fluctuate, and bed may be caused to resonate, cause boiler vibration, affect boiler safety.In addition, engineering experience shows, formed in change path, abrasionproof beam placement and to abrasionproof beam when sticking wall flow declines along water-cooling wall and wash away, therefore on abrasionproof beam, the water-cooling wall on edge very easily forms wearing and tearing, increases booster probability.
In addition, recirculating fluidized bed, as a kind of combustion technology of clean and effective, has very strong coal adaptability, is applicable to very much using the specific fuel such as coal slime.Coal slime is as the accessory substance in a kind of washing process, have that moisture is large, ash content is high, particle is thin, viscosity is large, retentiveness is strong, cohesive force is large, be difficult to the features such as transport, form extremely unstable under stacking states, very easily cause environmental pollution, even impact is normal produces.The CFB Boiler Mixed Burning coal slime of domestic existing a collection of 135MW ~ 300MW, mixed-fuel burning proportion is about 15 ~ 40%, and the mine of supporting annual output about 5,000,000 tons, daily consumption coal slime about 1000 ~ 2000t, year consumes coal slime 30 ~ 500,000 tons.The engineering experience of Small And Medium Capacity CFB Boiler Mixed Burning coal slime is that mining area coal electricity integrated synthesis utilizes coal slime to point out a road.In the middle of prior art, the general top that adopts feeds coal slime, and middle part feeds coal slime, and emulsion zone feeds the mode of coal slime.
The mode adopting top to feed coal slime is comparatively general, and coal mud feeding device is arranged on roof of the furnace and coal slime is sent into burner hearth, and coal slime is broken gradually burning in the process of landing, feeding in enormous quantities of applicable coal slime.But this mode due to its material inlet distance furnace outlet nearer, therefore coal slime time of staying in burner hearth is shorter, and coal slime particle is very thin, being difficult to be caught work in the separator gets off, therefore fuel combustion time is not enough, unburned carbon in flue dust increases, and the utilization rate of coal slime is on the low side, and economy of power plant needs to be improved further.
In traditional chamber structure, adopt middle part feed-type to feed coal slime, material inlet distance furnace outlet is farther, and the coal combustion time is longer, and therefore economy increases.But material inlet is on water-cooled wall, coal slime is easily attached on water-cooling wall and causes coking, is not suitable for a large amount of feeding coal slime.
Emulsion zone feeds coal slime due to its system complex, and reliability is poor, can not feed coal slime in a large number, general little application.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is: provide a kind of inverted steps formula furnace boiler, solving existing CFBB causes furnace outlet gas temperature to raise by arranging abrasionproof beam at inwall, cause boiler vibration, affect the technical problem of boiler safety, thus can effectively solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
The purpose of this utility model is realized by following technical proposals: a kind of inverted steps formula furnace boiler, comprise burner hearth, separator, material returning device, air intake and back-end ductwork, the bottom of burner hearth is located at by described air intake, the top of burner hearth is communicated with separator, the top of separator is communicated with back-end ductwork, the bottom of separator is communicated with the bottom of burner hearth by material returning device, and the middle part of described burner hearth is the step structure of diameter convergent from the bottom up; The coal mud feeding device passing into burner hearth inside is provided with at ladder place.
As preferred embodiment, the water-cooling wall at ladder place is provided with pin and abrasionproof castable body.
As preferred embodiment, described step structure comprises 2-6 level step, and the width of described step is L, L > 0.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, described step structure comprises 2 grades of steps, and the width of described step is L, L=30cm ~ 200cm, and the vertical spacing of described adjacent two steps is D, D=100cm ~ 3000cm.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, described step structure comprises 3 grades of steps, and the width of described step is L, L=30cm ~ 200cm, and the vertical spacing of described adjacent two steps is D, D=100cm ~ 3000cm.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, described step structure comprises 4 grades of steps, and the width of described step is L, L=30cm ~ 200cm, and the vertical spacing of described adjacent two steps is D, D=100cm ~ 3000cm.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, described step structure place can arrange the specific fuel material inlets such as coal slime, and the quantity that each step can be arranged material inlet is 2 ~ 10.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model: the utility model inverted steps formula furnace boiler, possesses following advantage:
1. arrange coal mud feeding device at ladder position, coal slime feeds has certain distance afterwards apart from next section of water-cooling wall, avoids causing the coal slime fed adherent, increases slime content and feeds ratio, improve the CFBB economy using coal slime further;
2. coal mud feeding device operating platform and next section of water-cooling wall prop up and hang platform and combine, and can increase equipment cost and reclaim fast;
3. stair-stepping set-up mode plays abrasionproof beam action, prevents the wearing and tearing of boiler furnace inwall, ensures that in Boiler Furnace, heat-transfer surface is arranged;
4. effectively control top and the bottom burner hearth flue gas flow rate, maintain the flue gas differential that full burner hearth is suitable, ensure efficiency of combustion;
5. be applicable to very much mixing the CFBB burning coal slime.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that existing furnace boiler adopts abrasionproof sill bolt flue gas flow.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the utility model inverted steps formula furnace boiler band flue gas flow.
In figure: 1-burner hearth, 2-separator, 3-material returning device, 4-air intake, 5-back-end ductwork, 6-step.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the utility model is further described.
All features disclosed in this description, or the step in disclosed all methods or process, except the speciality mutually repelled and/or step, all can combine by any way, unless specifically stated otherwise, all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar object, namely, unless specifically stated otherwise, an embodiment in a series of equivalence of each feature or similar characteristics.
As shown in Figure 2, the utility model inverted steps formula furnace boiler, it comprises burner hearth 1, separator 2, material returning device 3, air intake 4, back-end ductwork 5, and needed for the CFBB such as superheater, reheater, air preheater, drum or steam-water separator, annex is formed.
The bottom of burner hearth 1 is located at by described air intake 4, and the top of burner hearth 1 is communicated with separator 2, and the top of separator 2 is communicated with back-end ductwork 5, and the bottom of separator 2 is communicated with the bottom of burner hearth 1 by material returning device 3.Air is blown into burner hearth from the air intake of burner hearth bottom, then with the coal combustion in burner hearth, particle is entrained with in the flue gas of the formation after burning, wherein, carry short grained partial fume secretly and enter separator by roof of the furnace, the pure flue gas after separator is discharged from back-end ductwork, carries short grained flue gas then gets back to burner hearth bottom by material returning device secretly, be blown into burner hearth by bottom again to burn next time, form the outer circulation of flue gas.The middle part of described burner hearth 1 is the step structure of diameter convergent from the bottom up; Be provided with the coal mud feeding device 7 passing into burner hearth 1 inside at ladder place, constantly in burner hearth, pass into coal slime, coal slime is under gravity toward falling.In addition, the water-cooling wall at ladder place is provided with pin and abrasionproof castable body, for improving abrasionproof performance.
Specifically, described step structure comprises 2-6 level step 6, and the width of described step 6 is L, L > 0.In burner hearth, after burning, carry bulky grain and the short grained flue gas of part secretly after arrival roof of the furnace, fail to enter separator, then will along whereabouts past near burner hearth furnace wall place, because burner hearth becomes step structure, therefore, the process of whereabouts alleviates the collision to burner hearth furnace wall.
CFBB has very strong fuel tolerance, based on fuel characteristic during boiler design, designs different flue gas flow rates and burner hearth heat absorption ratio.The fluidized-bed combustion boiler flue gas flow rate generally using brown coal is very fast, and the flue gas flow rate using bituminous coal takes second place, and anthracitic flue gas flow rate is relatively low, therefore designs corresponding furnace cross-sectional area according to flue gas flow rate.And then decide the width of step and the vertical spacing of adjacent two steps, i.e. the spacing of step layout.
Application Example 1: described step structure comprises 2 grades of steps 6, the width of described step 6 is L, L=30cm, and the vertical spacing of described adjacent two steps 6 is D, D=2000cm.
Application Example 2: described step structure comprises 3 grades of steps 6, the width of described step 6 is L, L=50cm, and the vertical spacing of described adjacent two steps 6 is D, D=1000cm.
Application Example 3: described step structure comprises 4 grades of steps 6, the width of described step 6 is L, L=60cm, and the vertical spacing of described adjacent two steps 6 is D, D=100cm.
Workflow of the present utility model:
The utility model inverted steps formula furnace boiler adopts inverted steps structure, fuel burns in burner hearth, and the flue gas of generation enters in separator, and bulky grain is captured, send burner hearth circulating combustion back to through material returning device, flue gas and fine particle are gone out and are entered back-end ductwork continuation heat exchange from separator.Form the outer circulation of boiler smoke; And circulating ash can directly fall into lower furnace portion along each section of water-cooling wall respectively; Form the Inner eycle of boiler smoke.By appropriate design ladder width L, the adherent circulating ash stream of burner hearth wall and the preceding paragraph burner hearth can be made to keep certain distance, section of burner hearth can be made again to remain on zone of reasonableness, section of burner hearth is made to remain on zone of reasonableness, control top and the bottom burner hearth flue gas flow rate, maintain the flue gas differential that full burner hearth is suitable, ensure efficiency of combustion.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not in order to limit the utility model; all do within spirit of the present utility model and principle any amendment, equivalent to replace and improvement etc., all should be included within protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (7)
1. an inverted steps formula furnace boiler, comprise burner hearth (1), separator (2), material returning device (3), air intake (4) and back-end ductwork (5), the bottom of burner hearth (1) is located at by described air intake (4), the top of burner hearth (1) is communicated with separator (2), the top of separator (2) is communicated with back-end ductwork (5), the bottom of separator (2) is communicated with the bottom of burner hearth (1) by material returning device (3), it is characterized in that: the middle part of described burner hearth (1) is the step structure of diameter convergent from the bottom up, be provided with at ladder place and pass into the inner coal mud feeding device (7) of burner hearth (1).
2. inverted steps formula furnace boiler as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the water-cooling wall at ladder place is provided with pin and abrasionproof castable body.
3. inverted steps formula furnace boiler as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described step structure comprises 2-6 level step (6), the width of described step (6) is L, L > 0.
4. inverted steps formula furnace boiler as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described step structure comprises 1 ~ 2 grade of step (6), the width of described step (6) is L, L=30cm ~ 200cm, the vertical spacing of described adjacent two steps (6) is D, D=100cm ~ 3000cm.
5. inverted steps formula furnace boiler as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described step structure comprises 3 grades of steps (6), the width of described step (6) is L, L=30cm ~ 200cm, the vertical spacing of described adjacent two steps (6) is D, D=100cm ~ 3000cm.
6. inverted steps formula furnace boiler as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described step structure comprises 4 grades of steps (6), the width of described step (6) is L, L=30cm ~ 200cm, the vertical spacing of described adjacent two steps (6) is D, D=100cm ~ 3000cm.
7. arrange coal slime material inlet at step (6) place, the material inlet quantity that each step can be arranged is 2 ~ 10.
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| CN201520212778.9U CN204554796U (en) | 2015-04-10 | 2015-04-10 | A kind of inverted steps formula furnace boiler |
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| CN201520212778.9U CN204554796U (en) | 2015-04-10 | 2015-04-10 | A kind of inverted steps formula furnace boiler |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105202536A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2015-12-30 | 济南市琦泉热电有限责任公司 | Method for improving coal-slime-whole-burning circulating fluidized bed boiler efficiency |
| CN105485712A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-04-13 | 北京一亚高科能源科技有限公司 | Heat conduction oil boiler |
-
2015
- 2015-04-10 CN CN201520212778.9U patent/CN204554796U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105202536A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2015-12-30 | 济南市琦泉热电有限责任公司 | Method for improving coal-slime-whole-burning circulating fluidized bed boiler efficiency |
| CN105485712A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-04-13 | 北京一亚高科能源科技有限公司 | Heat conduction oil boiler |
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